CB> Date: Tue, 8 Jan 2008 09:29:03 -0600
CB> From: Chris Blair

CB> It does, thanks for the reply. When you say 70%, should we not be
CB> spiking that high during business hours? All of our activity is during
CB> the day, the T1's are basically empty at night, maybe some Microsoft and
CB> Anti-virus updates. During the day I have seen spikes as high as 2.9 out

That's a bit high.

Another rule of thumb:  If WAN latency increases due to congestion,
consider more bandwidth.

A 1500-octet packet takes about 8 ms to transfer via T1.  Say that ping
times [to your ISP's router] regularly hit 40 ms.  This indicates that
five MTU-size packets (or equivalent) are in the queue ahead of the
pings.


CB> of 3.0. I am going to talk to our ISP to get more detailed reports and
CB> get some averages for data in/out during business hours.

Most ISPs track bandwidth as ( transfer / time ) over five-minute
intervals.  Note that momentary usage can be even higher than the
numbers you're given.

I suggest examining bandwidth use at various percentiles.  You should be
able to ask the ISP for raw data, then analyze accordingly.  If you find
something like:

95th = 90% utilization
90th = 80% utilization
80th = 70% utilization

You'd definitely want more.  OTOH:

95th = 99%
90th = 60%
80th = 35%

would be less clear-cut, despite the higher peak.

Also consider calculating percentiles during a narrowed time-of-day
range... or remember that the work day is roughly 1/3 of the total day,
meaning what's officially "50th percentile" may effectively become "83rd
percentile during the time that it actually matters".

Or simply look at things emprically:  Is the connection "fast enough"?
What's the cost/benefit tradeoff of "faster"?

Finally, note that NxT1 is _not_ faster than single-T1 for a given
stream.  The highway is wider, but any given car still must obey the
same speed limit.

(Yes, I'm deliberately ignoring per-packet round robin techniques.
That's a separate can of worms.)


Eddy
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