Apr 09 2011 An account of the army crackdown on Tahrir By Author Issandr El Amrani Date April 9, 2011 at 10:56 AM http://www.arabist.net/blog/2011/4/9/an-account-of-the-army-crackdown-on-tah rir.html
I received this email about last night's events in Cairo's Tahrir Square, when army and security forces crackdown down on protestors who had set up camp in the square. There is still a lot of confusion about what happened, with the army claiming that thugs from the NDP had attacked the square and claiming it intervened to disband them. Activists say this is untrue. Reuters reported (and here's an updated version of that same article) that the army intervened against the protestors after curfew, firing shots in the air. The videos at the bottom of this post have the sound of a lot of gunfire, but there have been no reports of wounded or casualties to my knowledge (Update: Reuters says 2 dead, 15 wounded @11am). David Dietz also has an eyewitness account of the night, including brutality, in this post. http://themideaster.com/2011/04/09/egypt-revolution-2-0-tahrir-square-engulf ed-in-chaos/#more-734 Another night of army brutality, nearly 1500 protesters were spending the night in Tahrir square tonight including 30 army officers that joined the demonstrations today and remained with the demonstrators throughout the night. The demonstrations today April 8th and the sad morning of the 9th stressed those main two demands: 1.The immediate trial of Mubarak, the dictator that has not yet been touched, still operating in his luxurious mansion in Sharm, given the time to transfer and move the stolen funds and creating with his presence a major sense of disappointment, encouraging his followers to keep the pressure on the nation and keeping his system intact, igniting the counter revolution. 2.The need of a civilian council to lead the transitional period, since the revolution did not appoint the army, specially that the army council is still protecting the old regime, and acting as if it dictates the future with no consultation with the nation, hiding all necessary information regarding the old regime's foreign policy, security apparatus and monetary situation and funds, denying the nation its right to know and to dictate its future and discourse. At 3.20am, a huge number of army special forces (sa3ka) , military police and central state security (amn markzi) supported by 20-30 army armored vehicles and tanks stormed the square, thousands of rounds of ammunition have been used, soldiers beating and attacking the civilian demonstrators , some of them were families with children. Many were injured and others got arrested and many others dispersed running for shelter in the roads around were the army had forces surrounding the main entrances, many ran to hide in buildings in the area. The shooting continued till 5.20 am, off course everybody in the garden city area and down town area were awaken by the shooting sounds, and went to their windows and balconies to check it out , some got their window, or balcony ceiling or A/C shot at, in an attempt to scare them back inside. Around 4am, the army seemed to be setting up the scene for their own spin on events. After they dispersed the protesters we saw them go into the square, break chairs and tables, and other items, basically destroying items , burning banners and tents and then we saw them step away from the broken items and bringing in their own camera and actually taking footage (not sure if it's video or photography) of the broken items. The footage they're taking shows only broken items and NOT the army personnel in the process of breaking them. This seems to be their attempt to set up their spin on things - what we expect is that they will use this footage to try to portray the protesters as violent thugs who broke chairs and various other items to use as weapons or that the protesters were just vandalizing things, etc. Meanwhile, protesters were chased all the way to Midan Talat Harb, many injured are hiding in Omar Makram mosque. Others were hiding in the ally of Omar Afandi. Few families were dispersed including children missing their parents. By 4.30am protesters started regrouping in Talat Harb and pushed army forces back to tahrir with stones and barracks shouting the people wants the down fall of the marshal tantawi (al sha3b yourid isqat al mousheer). And by 5.30am demonstrators regained Tahrir square. It's 6.30am now there are few burned vehicles and a fire in the museum garden. Also the sit in, in front of the Israeli embassy on the Gam3a Bridge was attacked brutally. Tens are arrested including the army officers who joined the demonstrators, tens of injuries in addition a very soar (sic) feeling of despair and a lot of anger is building up. Videos of tahrir during parts of the attack: http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Ba0msN1_7ig <http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Ba0msN1_7ig&feature=player_embedded> &feature=player_embedded .................................................................... Guardian live blog 09-04-2011 http://www.guardian.co.uk/world/blog/2011/apr/09/libya-egypt-syria-yemen-liv e-updates 3.56pm: Evan Hill, an online producer for Al Jazeera English, tweets: http://twitter.com/evanchill The Egyptian army has told TV crews that anyone live broadcasting their press conference today will be arrested. #jan25 #Tahrir 2.56pm: Andy Carvin of National Public Radio (NPR) in the US has tweeted a link to this Youtube footage of Tahrir square at sunrise this morning, following the pre-dawn raid we mentioned earier http://www.youtube.com/user/Kikhote#p/u/1/7pW2YY3OwGs ............................................................... BREAKING NEWS: Tahrir Square Engulfed by Clashes with the Police 9 Apr http://themideaster.com/2011/04/09/egypt-revolution-2-0-tahrir-square-engulf ed-in-chaos/#more-734 A few hours ago I was about to sit down to write an article talking about the sense of desperation among the protesters. People in today's earlier demonstration (arguably the largest since the revolution) were pouring into the square to demand faster reform. 5oo,000 plus shouted their demands. They even released a herd of turtles to mock the Supreme Military Council's lack of speed. The desperation turned to delight when 15 army officers joined one of the many stages set up around the square to protest against their own organization. A few hours later delight turned to sheer panic. Not long after the 15 rogue army officers took the podium, the military moved in to arrest the 'defectors.' Worried for their safety the crowd sprang to action. Linked arm-to-arm the protesters formed a human wall to defend their compatriots. Human might however was no match for the guns and tasers of the army. Shortly after nightfall the military encircled Tahrir Square systematically dispersing the crowd. According to several protesters who acted more like bodyguards, they where able to save six of the soldiers. The others were not as lucky. They were captured and taken away, their fate unknown. Enraged by the military's aggression, but unable to protest in their usual forum, the demonstrators took to streets surrounding Tahrir Square. Twitter began to heat up. By one o'clock reports were surfacing that live fire was ringing out in the surrounding area. I never finished the article. It no longer was germane. By two A.M. we were at Tahrir Square. The place was eerily quiet the military was out in full force checking up check points along the way. Metal bullets littered the ground. As 'uninformed' Americans 'coming home after a long night partying' we were allowed to pass through the square, the only non-military presence inside the cordoned area. Heading past Tahrir we began to hear the deep groan of the protests. We arrived just in time for the action. What was said to have been relatively peaceful until that point, spiraled out of control. The crowd became agitated and burned tires and chairs in the streets and turned to face the military screaming at them in anger. The military beat back some of the protesters in response, leaving deep raw wounds across one man's back. The crowd again roared in anger and then out of nowhere, a young protestor appeared beside me hurtling a molotov cocktail towards the wall of riot police. The incident sparked a violent retaliation. The police again unleashed a round of fire, this time targeting the protesters. One young man was hit, dropping beside me as I ran. The stampede of the crowd made it impossible to know what happened to him. We fled from the spray of bullets only to regroup and press forward moments later. Again the military responded, this time clashing with the people using batons and and riot shields as weapons. Another police battalion from the opposite direction appeared charging forward pinning the protesters in the crossfire. Surprised by their sudden appearance the demonstrators ducked into alleyways scrambling towards the relative safety of the side streets. Soon the whole neighborhood seemed to be engulfed with constant gunshots ringing throughout the night. Able to take refuge in a back alley we realized that we had no more charge to our cameras. Unable to capture the fight, we found a taxi to take us home. Since then, reports from twitter indicate that the protests are only growing. According to one account gun fire lasted 10 minutes straight, while another tweet indicated that an army vehicle (possibly a tank) had been lit ablaze by a molotov cocktail dropped from the roof. The protests were certainly an alarming indication of a government crackdown and indicate that the Supreme Military Council may not be so reform minded after all. What's worse for many protesters (who were always quick to provide any assistance) is that the hated police were back in force, this time supported by the army, which no longer seems to side with the protests. As one man who was beaten by police said, "Habib el-Adly [the loathed and feared head of security] is back! It is the Egypt of old." If that is the case, one can only suspect that the Shabab (people) of Egypt will be back tomorrow as well. Anger is palpable and the demonstrators don't appear to be backing down. Is today the start of Revolution 2.0? We are about to find out. ..................................................................... Egyptian soldiers attack Tahrir Square protesters At least two people killed in pre-dawn raid on protesters calling for trial of Mubarak and removal of army chief Peter Beaumont guardian.co.uk, Saturday 9 April 2011 15.48 BST http://www.guardian.co.uk/world/2011/apr/09/egyptian-soldiers-tahrir-square- protesters Egypt's deepening political crisis following the ousting of President Hosni Mubarak has taken a dangerous new turn after soldiers armed with clubs and rifles stormed protesters occupying Cairo's Tahrir Square in a pre-dawn raid, killing at least two. The demonstrators, angry at the slow progress of reform since the country's 18-day revolution earlier this year, had been demanding the trial of Mubarak, his son Gamal and close associates, and an immediate transition from military to civilian rule. The rally revealed the increasing impatience and mistrust that many Egyptians feel towards the military, which took over when Mubarak was forced out of office on 11 February. Some protesters accuse the top brass of protecting the former leader. Eyewitnesses who spoke to the Observer - accounts confirmed by graphic video footage - described hundreds of troops charging into the square firing rubber bullets at 3am on Saturday to clear it. The assault appears to have been triggered by the decision of several dozen Egyptian soldiers on Friday to defy orders and join a protest in the square to call for the removal of Field Marshal Mohammed Hussein Tantawi, who is titular head of the country. "The people want the fall of the field marshal," said protesters, in a variation on the chant that has become famous across the Middle East. In the aftermath of the assault, as security forces retreated, witnesses described an army officer leading slogans against Tantawi, while anti-army graffiti appeared on barricades. Tamer el-Said, an Egyptian film-maker who was in the square, described what happened. "There was a huge demonstration that started at about 11 o'clock [on Friday]. There were some military officers who joined it who were dissatisfied with what the supreme military council was doing. There were between 15 and 20 of them. Obviously it was really dangerous for them so the other protesters decided that they would protect them from being arrested by the military police. "At about 11 o'clock last night the security forces, who had surrounded the square, tried to enter it to try and catch these soldiers but the protesters would not allow them to come in. There were army and police and special forces. At 3 o'clock they attacked the square. They were firing bullets in the air: at first rubber bullets and then live rounds. They pushed all the demonstrators out of the square. Then they started to chase the protesters into the surrounding streets and the downtown area using tear gas and bullets. I have a friend who was there who said there was continuous shooting." The huge turnout in the square has followed growing fears in some sections of Egyptian society that the army has hijacked the revolution. According to eyewitnesses, the raid was led by a mixture of army, police and internal security forces in 20-30 military trucks. They said the firing continued in the square until about 5.30am. Although an army spokesman insisted the army had fired only "blanks" and not live rounds to warn protesters, images posted on social media sites appeared to show both blank and live shell casings. The force of around 300 soldiers honed in on a tent camp where protesters had formed a human cordon to protect army officers who had joined them. The troops dragged protesters away, throwing them into trucks, which video footage showed driving into the square amid the sound of gunfire. At least seven of the soldiers were reported to have been snatched. "I saw women being slapped in the face, women being kicked," cried one female protester, who took refuge in a nearby mosque. Troops surrounded the mosque and heavy gunfire was heard for hours. The military issued a statement afterward blaming "outlaws" for rioting and violating the country's 2am to 5am curfew, and asserted that no one was harmed or arrested. "The armed forces stress that they will not tolerate any acts of rioting or any act that harms the interest of the country and the people," it said. "We are staging a sit-in until the field marshal is prosecuted," said Anas Esmat, a 22-year-old university student in the square, as protesters dragged debris and barbed wire to seal off the streets leading into it. Protesters chanted: "Tantawi is Mubarak and Mubarak is Tantawi", explicitly equating the field marshal with the president who appointed him. ..................................................................... 9 April 2011 Last updated at 14:33 GMT Egypt: Army crackdown in Cairo's Tahrir Square http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/world-africa-13023948 Egypt's army has cracked down on protests in Cairo's symbolic Tahrir Square, leaving at least one person dead and dozens injured. The violence occurred overnight as the army tried to clear protesters calling for ex-President Hosni Mubarak and his family to be tried for corruption. The injured suffered gunshot wounds but the army denies using live rounds. Tahrir Square became the symbolic centre of protests that led to Mr Mubarak stepping down this year. Egypt's health ministry has so far confirmed that one person died overnight and says 71 people were hurt. Medical sources told news agencies that at least two people had died. Protesters have now returned to the square following the army withdrawal and are continuing demonstrations. 'Tantawi is Mubarak' The army had maintained a generally neutral role in the earlier mass demonstrations. But about 300 troops moved into the square at about 0300 local time (0100 GMT) on Saturday to break up a camp in the centre. Protesters say they were beaten with clubs and shots were fired. An army spokesman told Reuters news agency that only blanks were used. The military issued a statement blaming "outlaws" for rioting and violating a curfew but said no-one was hurt. "The armed forces stress that they will not tolerate any acts of rioting or any act that harms the interest of the country and the people," it said. The military denied any arrests had been made but protesters said several demonstrators had been dragged away into vans. Three vehicles, two of them military, were set on fire during the unrest. The protesters were demanding a number of measures, including the resignation of the man who has replaced Mr Mubarak as interim leader, Field Marshal Mohamad Hussein Tantawi. "Tantawi is Mubarak and Mubarak is Tantawi," they chanted. The military force finally withdrew and protesters began to reoccupy the square in daylight. It was filled with broken glass and debris from the clashes. The violence came after a huge protest in the square on Friday. Hundreds of thousands demanded the prosecution of Mr Mubarak for corruption. Mass protests ousted Mr Mubarak on 11 February but many believe the military figures now overseeing political transition are protecting him. Analysis Yolande Knell BBC News, Cairo This is the latest worrying sign of tensions between the ruling military and supporters of the 25 January revolution who are becoming increasingly impatient with the pace of change. There is growing anger that remnants of the former government, including the ousted President Hosni Mubarak and his family, have not been charged with corruption. Some blame the former Defence Minister, Field Marshal Tantawi, who is head of the Supreme Military Council. He was very close to Mr Mubarak. Reports that the army has arrested and tortured demonstrators that have circulated in recent weeks and the fact that military trials continue add to the mistrust. The armed forces insist they were simply enforcing a curfew when they moved into Tahrir Square overnight and that they are meeting their promises of reforms and justice. .................................................................... MB confirms the people and the army are united Saturday, April 9,2011 http://www.ikhwanweb.com/article.php?id=28366 As an effort to counter attempts against the revolution's opposition the Muslim Brotherhood has been strongly involved with other political factions, and youth movements in reviving the revolution's calls the most recent being on Friday April 8 labeled as the Friday of Cleansing. Numerous cases have been reported by what have been described as remnants of the former ruling party trying to downplay the successes of the revolution and cause strife on the street. It is on this note that the MB expresses its appreciation and gratitude to the army which remained throughout the revolution and beyond, neutral, caring foremost for the people of Egypt demonstrating keenness for a peaceful transition of power and responding to the publics' demands which included mainly the dismantling of the state security apparatus and the dissolving of parliament and the municipal councils and the trying of a number of senior officials from the former regime The Muslim Brotherhood believes in the military believing it is the best guarantor of keeping the country safe internally and externally. It has faith that the military is the best solution throughout the transfer of power to the people, especially with the absence of important institutions such as the police force and the parliament, necessary to keep the people in order. The MB condemns any conspiracy to weaken this relationship between the people and the army. It criticizes those who fail to realize the efforts made by the military to protect the people. The MB understands the frustration of the people and although we appreciate the role played by the great army, as well as actions undertaken by the Council of the Armed Forces; we emphasize that there are many people's demands that have not been realized so far. It calls however on the people and all political forces that succeeded formerly to unite during the revolution, regardless of ideological differences to ensure the success of the revolution to unite again to and to protect the revolution. .................................................................. APRIL 9, 2011 Egypt Rallies Swell Against Military http://online.wsj.com/article/SB10001424052748704843404576250941325897446.ht ml?mod=WSJEUROPE_hpp_MIDDLESecondNews CAIRO-Soldiers beat hundreds of protesters with clubs and fired heavy volleys of gunfire into the air in a pre-dawn attack that broke up a demonstration in Cairo's central Tahrir Square in a sign of increasing tensions between Egypt's ruling military and the country's protest movement. A force of about 300 soldiers swept into the square around 3 a.m. and waded into a tent camp in the center where protesters had formed a human cordon to protect several army officers who joined their demonstration, witnesses said. Several hundred protesters remained Saturday morning in Tahrir Square, where many continued to protest against the military's lack of action on prosecuting former regime officials. Witnesses to Friday night's violence waved spent bullet cartridges left over from the confrontation. A woman who gave her name only as Enas said she saw as many as 10 protesters shot dead last night. "We said to the army, 'why are you doing this? We are all family,'" Ms. Enas said. "They said 'you want to make Cairo burn, so we will make it burn." Ms. Enas said protesters were shot as they tried to protect a group of about eight soldiers who were sleeping among the protesters in a tent in the middle of Tahrir Square. Several soldiers had joined the protests against the military in defiance of threats from the Supreme Council of the Armed Forces that any soldier caught participating would face a military court. The troops dragged an unknown number of protesters away, throwing them into police trucks.. "I saw women being slapped in the face, women being kicked," cried one female protester, who was among several who took refuge in a nearby mosque. Troops surrounded the mosque and heavy gunfire was heard for hours. Protesters in the mosque reported large numbers of injured, including several wounded by gunfire. The assault came hours after protesters poured into Tahrir Square in one of Egypt's largest marches in two months, marking growing frustration among many here at the military's perceived slowness in removing and prosecuting officials from the deposed regime. Friday's "Day of Trial and Cleansing" drew several thousand protesters, one of the biggest gatherings since President Hosni Mubarak was replaced on Feb. 11 by an interim high council of military officers, a show of the abiding strength of Egypt's youth-led protest movement. The gathering also demonstrated how the prosecution of lingering elements of the old regime, such as Mr. Mubarak and his top aides and officials, will be a critical task for Egypt's military officers if they hope to maintain their high standing among the public. "People feel they are not doing enough-and if they are doing enough, it's too slow," said Ahmed Wahba, 41, referring to the Supreme Council of the Armed Forces, which is leading Egypt's transition toward democracy. Mr. Wahba, who was protesting in the crowded square Friday, said the Egyptian public won't be satisfied until they "see Mubarak in the middle of [Tahrir] Square, locked up or executed." Mr. Wahba was standing in front of a mock cage containing an effigy of Mr. Mubarak that demonstrators had erected at one end of the square. People also carried signs with images of the former speaker of parliament's upper house, Safwat Al Sharif, behind bars, and chanted that Mubarak-appointed local governors and mayors should be dismissed from power. WSJ's Margaret Coker had a first-hand seat to the recent revolutions in Tunisia, Egypt and Libya. She joins Simon Constable to discuss what's likely to happen next as these Middle East countries transition to new governments. Egypt's attorney general has investigated and arrested some of what protesters say are the most-hated characters from the former ruling National Democratic Party. Earlier this week, prosecutors banned travel and froze the personal finances of Mr. El Sherif; Fathi Sorour, the speaker of parliament's lower house; and Zakariya Azmi, Mr. Mubarak's former chief of staff. Mr. Azmi was arrested Wednesday, according to Mena, Egypt's state news agency, along with former housing minister Ibrahim Suleiman. But several demonstrators say the effort has proceeded at a pace they say indicates the sway the old regime still holds over the military leaders who deposed them. These people say delays in the investigations give officials time to put what they say are embezzled assets in foreign accounts. Another former housing minister, as well as former tourism and interior ministers, have also been arrested on charges of corruption. Ahmed Ezz, a high-level party official and close confidant of the former president's son, Gamal Mubarak, is also in prison awaiting trial. "We need our money to come back. We will stay here until our money comes again," said protester Mohammed Garib. Friday's numbers were bolstered by the presence of the Muslim Brotherhood, Egypt's most powerful Islamist political group and a champion of democratic reforms under Mr. Mubarak's rule. The Brotherhood's official call for members to participate in the demonstrations came after two months in which the group was seen as working closely with military leaders. Following the violence on Friday night, the Brotherhood released a statement blaming the military's attacks on elements of the former regime who hope to cling to power by inciting chaos. The statement praised the military-led transition to democracy and called on Egyptians to continue supporting the armed forces. The dissatisfaction with the military seems to have spread to within the ranks. In YouTube videos posted this week, at least two Egyptian soldiers said they would participate in Friday's protests. On Thursday, Maj. Mohamed Askar, a spokesman for the Supreme Council of the Armed Forces, told CNN that any soldiers who participate in the demonstration will face an "immediate military tribunal." Despite demonstrators' pique, it remains unclear whether their demands match those of Egypt's 80 million people. According to a poll released this week by the New York-based International Peace Institute, 77% of Egyptians said they still view the military favorably. A separate 2008 poll by the New York-based Charney Research group showed a 90% approval rate. Protesters nevertheless took Friday's large turnout as a vote of confidence for a youth movement whose power to sway public opinion appeared to have been fading. The revolutionary youth were humbled when voters accepted a set of controversial constitutional amendments in a referendum in mid-March despite their forceful campaign urging Egyptians to vote "no." Protests last Friday, also organized to seek the prosecution of former regime officials, drew far fewer people. "Obviously, the Supreme Council is not supporting the people's interests," said Ahmed Naguib, one of the protest leaders who said he helped plan Friday's march in Tahrir Square. "So the people are taking into their own hands what the military council should be taking into their own hands." ...................................................................... The Role of Workers and Labor Unions in the Egyptian Revolution: Video Interview with Hossam Hamalawy (Part 1) Apr 09 2011 by Bassam Haddad http://www.jadaliyya.com/pages/index/1202/the-role-of-workers-and-labor-unio ns-in-the-egypti Jadaliyya is hereby presenting the first (deliberately belated) installment in a series called "A Portrait of a Revolutionary," featuring interviews with an Egyptian journalist and activist who was at the forefront of the Egyptian protest movement, Hossam Hamalawy. Below is the first part of the interview, recorded in Arabic prior to Part 2 (on the role of the Egyptian army) and Part 3 (on the role of the Egyptial political and economic elite. The first part below deals with the role of the Egyptian Labor Unions in tipping the scale during the last days before Mubrak's resignation. This video was recorded on February 23rd. I opted for featuring the English language parts first. If any of our readers would like to volunteer to translate this video into English, please email me at [email protected] <mailto:info%40jadaliyya.com> Hossam addresses herein several themes including what the revolution was about and by whom. He also addresses the split between the more advantaged social groups/classes who are somewhat satisfied with the post-revolution status-quo. This separates them from the less priviledged social groups/classes.The principal demands of workers are to end corruption and institute full-time (as opposed to temporary) employment. Hossam also addresses the history of labor unions and their role in both the Egyptian context and in the revolution, including how they differ from the Tunisian labor unions. Finally, he also discusses the views of Egyptian protesters on the spread of demonstrations across the Arab world, as well as the impact of this on the United State and Israel. I would like to make this a somewhat interactive interview by asking readers to pose their own questions to Hossam after watching the interview. Hossam already answered the readers' questions from the past interview. I will relay the most productive questions, so please feel free to post your (clear/concise) questions under the comments, below. The upcoming fourth part will be about the role and prospects of the Muslim Brotherhood, during and after the revolution. We will also address the question of "Islamists" and the fear of an "Islamist" take-over that is dinner-table discussion in mainstream circles in the United States (and perhaps in some circles in the Arab world). Hossam El-Hamalawy is an Egyptian journalist and activist who maintains the popular site www.arabawy.org and has a piece on Jadaliyya here. http://vimeo.com/22150940 [Non-text portions of this message have been removed] ------------------------------------ -------------------------- Want to discuss this topic? 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