I also am enjoying this discussion.

Stating the obvious: Photography is a visual medium. Therefore, most
photographers are Visual People (or become so, as they progress in
their craft). If you see a photograph that you like, it is is
partially for the content but also for the way that content is
presented (composition, angle, angle of view, lines, color, contrast,
depth-of-field, etc). One can learn a lot by doing an analysis of any
photography beyond "I like that" and make it "WHY do I like that" (or
the converse).

The same is true of Graphic Design. One can turn the same critical eye
on magazine layouts, print ads, billboards, book covers (etc.).
Analyze everything, including the negative space, fonts/typefaces
used, linespacing, letter-spacing. It is all a part of developing
one's Eye.

This may be poo-poo'd by "real" graphic designers, but one could do
worse than to start with the Non-Designer's Design Book by Robin
Williams. Before and After examples help you to see the real
difference that applying the principles (that I call C.R.A.P.) of
Contrast, Repetition, Alignment, and Proximity in communicating
through the placement of things on the page.

Once you understand those principles, you can apply most of them to
Typography (not only in how the type is used, but in the difference
between a professionally designed vs amateur font). There are a ton of
free font sites out there and good free fonts can be found, but there
is a lot of crap out there, as well. In breaking down a font, the
letter forms themselves might be fine, but the leading may be
inconsistent as you type them on the computer. You can fix this by
making the editable type into a graphic in Photoshop and doing your
own leading (putting letters or groups of letters on their own layers
so you can manipulate the spacing) but obviously this would not be
practical for a longer block of text.

As with anything, your education only STARTS with Knowing the Rules.
You also have to know When to Break the Rules (and have a purpose in
doing so).

Darren Addy
Kearney, Nebraska

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