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nomad:~ toph$ clear
nomad:~ toph$ irb
irb(main):001:0>
irb(main):002:0*
irb(main):003:0* class Foo
irb(main):004:1> @@foo = self
irb(main):005:1> end
=> Foo
irb(main):006:0>
irb(main):007:0*
irb(main):008:0* class Bar < foo
irb(main):009:1> def self.foo
irb(main):010:2> @@foo
irb(main):011:2> end
irb(main):012:1> end
NameError: undefined local variable or method `foo' for main:Object
from (irb):8
irb(main):013:0> class Bar < Foo
irb(main):014:1> def self.foo
irb(main):015:2> @@foo
irb(main):016:2> end
irb(main):017:1> end
=> nil
irb(main):018:0> Bar.foo
=> Foo
irb(main):019:0>
irb(main):020:0*
irb(main):021:0* class Foo
irb(main):022:1> class << self
irb(main):023:2> attr_accessor :baz
irb(main):024:2> end
irb(main):025:1> end
=> nil
irb(main):026:0>
irb(main):027:0*
irb(main):028:0*
irb(main):029:0*
irb(main):030:0*
irb(main):031:0*
irb(main):032:0*
irb(main):033:0*
irb(main):034:0*
irb(main):035:0*
irb(main):036:0*
irb(main):037:0*
irb(main):038:0* Foo.baz
=> nil
irb(main):039:0> Foo.baz = "baz"
=> "baz"
irb(main):040:0> Foo.baz
=> "baz"
irb(main):041:0> class C < foo
irb(main):042:1> end
NameError: undefined local variable or method `foo' for main:Object
from (irb):41
irb(main):043:0> class C < Foo
irb(main):044:1> end
=> nil
irb(main):045:0> C.baz
=> nil
irb(main):046:0> C.baz = "foo"
=> "foo"
irb(main):047:0> C.baz
=> "foo"
irb(main):048:0> Foo.baz
=> "baz"
irb(main):049:0>
irb(main):050:0*
irb(main):051:0* Object.baz
NoMethodError: undefined method `baz' for Object:Class
from (irb):51
irb(main):052:0>
irb(main):053:0*
irb(main):054:0*
irb(main):055:0*
irb(main):056:0*
irb(main):057:0* module X
irb(main):058:1>
irb(main):059:1* def self.included mod
irb(main):060:2> mod.extend ClassMethods
irb(main):061:2> end
irb(main):062:1> module ClassMethods
irb(main):063:2> def x
irb(main):064:3> end
irb(main):065:2> def list
irb(main):066:3> @list ||= []
irb(main):067:3> end
irb(main):068:2> end
irb(main):069:1> end
=> nil
irb(main):070:0>
irb(main):071:0*
irb(main):072:0* class Z
irb(main):073:1> include X
irb(main):074:1> end
=> Z
irb(main):075:0> Z.list
=> []
irb(main):076:0>
irb(main):077:0* module X
irb(main):078:1> def self.included mod
irb(main):079:2> puts "#{self} has been included in #{mod}"
irb(main):080:2> mod.extend ClassMethods
irb(main):081:2> end
irb(main):082:1> end
=> nil
irb(main):083:0> class Y
irb(main):084:1> include X
irb(main):085:1> end
X has been included in Y
=> Y
irb(main):086:0> module X
irb(main):087:1> def self.something
irb(main):088:2> "something"
irb(main):089:2> end
irb(main):090:1> end
=> nil
irb(main):091:0> Y.something
NoMethodError: undefined method `something' for Y:Class
from (irb):91
irb(main):092:0> X.something
=> "something"
irb(main):093:0> class Xyz
irb(main):094:1> include X
irb(main):095:1> end
X has been included in Xyz
=> Xyz
irb(main):096:0> Xyz.something
NoMethodError: undefined method `something' for Xyz:Class
from (irb):96
irb(main):097:0>
irb(main):098:0*
irb(main):099:0*
irb(main):100:0*
irb(main):101:0* exit
nomad:~ toph$ irb
irb(main):001:0> module X
irb(main):002:1> def self.included mod
irb(main):003:2> puts "#{self} is included in #{mod}"
irb(main):004:2> mod.extend ClassMethods
irb(main):005:2> end
irb(main):006:1>
irb(main):007:1* module ClassMethods
irb(main):008:2> end
irb(main):009:1> end
=> nil
irb(main):010:0>
irb(main):011:0*
irb(main):012:0* class Foo
irb(main):013:1> @@subclasses = []
irb(main):014:1> def self.inherited subclass
irb(main):015:2> @@subclasses << subclass
irb(main):016:2> end
irb(main):017:1> def self.subclasses
irb(main):018:2> @@subclasses
irb(main):019:2> end
irb(main):020:1> end
=> nil
irb(main):021:0> class Bar < Foo
irb(main):022:1> end
=> nil
irb(main):023:0> Bar.subclasses
=> [Bar]
irb(main):024:0> class Z < Foo
irb(main):025:1> end
=> nil
irb(main):026:0> Foo.subclasses
=> [Bar, Z]
irb(main):027:0> Bar.subclasses
=> [Bar, Z]
irb(main):028:0>
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