On 11/2/2018 10:45 AM, Jon Alan Schmidt wrote:
JFS: I challenge anybody to find an example for which rheme and
dicisign have a more general meaning than predicate and proposition.
I provided one already--a rheme can be (and often is) a subject,
rather than a predicate; and at the limit of logical analysis,
every rheme is a subject, such that only the form of its relations
to other rhemes is a (continuous) predicate. Strictly speaking,
a proposition is a Dicent /Symbol/, but there are also Dicent
Indices that are not propositions.
That is just 20th century logic stated in old-fashioned terminology.
Peirce (1870) broke free of the Aristotelian subject-predicate
logic by developing his theory of N-adic "relatives". In 1885,
he specified the modern system of first-order and higher-order
logic (AKA predicate calculus). But the 19th century terminology
was still in a state of flux. Frege, Peirce, Schröder, Peano,
and Whitehead (1898) had different variants. Peirce himself
had different variants, which he continued to modify up to his
last available MSS. (He may have had other variants in later
MSS that have not yet been filmed or digitized.)
For examples, search CP for "logical subject" and "logical subjects".
There are five of each. For example, CP 4.58:
We find in grammatical forms of syntax, a part of the sentence
particularly appropriate to the index, another particularly appropriate
to the symbol. The former is the grammatical subject, the latter the
grammatical predicate. In the logical analysis of the sentence, we
disregard the forms and consider the sense. Isolating the indices
as well as we can, of which there will generally be a number,
we term them the logical subjects, though more or less of the symbolic
element will adhere to them unless we make our analysis more recondite
than it is commonly worth while to do; while the purely symbolic parts,
or the parts whose indicative character needs no particular notice,
will be called the logical predicate.
For EGs, Peirce used the terms monad, dyad, triad, tetrad, pentad...
He also showed that relations with more than 3 "logical subjects"
could be defined in terms of relations with 3 or less. He also
observed that a proposition or dicent sign is a medad.
In 20th c. terminology, the word 'predicate' is used for the symbol,
'relation' is used for the sense, and 'argument' is used for Peirce's
logical subject.
Unless you're analyzing a particular text or MS, my recommendation
for publications is to use modern terminology with footnotes to
Peirce's terminology and citations.
John
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