Handle numeric overflow when handling range values

The numrange_subdiff() function was calculating the difference simply by
calling numeric_sub and numeric_float8, but those functions are not
overflow-safe. It's possible to insert valid numeric ranges for which
the difference overflows either numeric or float8.

The overflow may affect various operations on numrange columns. It may
cause failures during ANALYZE on the table, inserts into GiST indexes,
selectivity estimation, and possibly other operations.

Fixed by handling overflows in numrange_subdiff() - extreme differences
are treated as infinity.

Author: Kirill Reshke <[email protected]>
Reviewed-by: shihao zhong <[email protected]>
Backpatch-through: 14
Discussion: 
https://postgr.es/m/CALdSSPgBvXz-VSF0p-5k%3D_uFfN38cWrERmm_AC4K67N6MWQhmg%40mail.gmail.com

Branch
------
REL_16_STABLE

Details
-------
https://git.postgresql.org/pg/commitdiff/5c78685fc2d7402b12bdb10b0d20af31b5cab964

Modified Files
--------------
src/backend/utils/adt/rangetypes.c            | 37 ++++++++++++++++++++++-----
src/test/regress/expected/multirangetypes.out |  7 +++++
src/test/regress/sql/multirangetypes.sql      |  9 +++++++
3 files changed, 46 insertions(+), 7 deletions(-)

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