Handle numeric overflow when handling range values

The numrange_subdiff() function was calculating the difference simply by
calling numeric_sub and numeric_float8, but those functions are not
overflow-safe. It's possible to insert valid numeric ranges for which
the difference overflows either numeric or float8.

The overflow may affect various operations on numrange columns. It may
cause failures during ANALYZE on the table, inserts into GiST indexes,
selectivity estimation, and possibly other operations.

Fixed by handling overflows in numrange_subdiff() - extreme differences
are treated as infinity.

Author: Kirill Reshke <[email protected]>
Reviewed-by: shihao zhong <[email protected]>
Backpatch-through: 14
Discussion: 
https://postgr.es/m/CALdSSPgBvXz-VSF0p-5k%3D_uFfN38cWrERmm_AC4K67N6MWQhmg%40mail.gmail.com

Branch
------
REL_19_STABLE

Details
-------
https://git.postgresql.org/pg/commitdiff/1137ebf22b0d1feb0c61182b81f4aa4779c01195

Modified Files
--------------
src/backend/utils/adt/rangetypes.c            | 37 ++++++++++++++++++++++-----
src/test/regress/expected/multirangetypes.out |  7 +++++
src/test/regress/sql/multirangetypes.sql      |  9 +++++++
3 files changed, 46 insertions(+), 7 deletions(-)

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