Ruud Baart via Postfix-users:
> Thanks for all the help but I can't find the problem.
> 
> I rebooted the server with a forced fsck+repair. Nothing special.?I 
> reviewed de output from mount: nothing special with read-only. Logfiles: 
> nothing strange, dmesg: nothing strange. Server is running normal and 
> serving websites and mail.
> 
> Pff....

I may have a few leads. Read and shiver.

> -Queue ID-  --Size-- ----Arrival Time---- -Sender/Recipient-------
> 2BAF05F444D    2700 Mon Feb  2 18:26:18  address@concealed
> (temporary failure. Command output: /usr/local/sympa/bin/queue: while
> opening queue file 'T.listserver.prompt.nl.1770053178.1208809':
> Read-only file system)
>  address@concealed

Source code in sympa/src/libexec/queue.c:

    fd = open(qfile, O_CREAT | O_WRONLY, 0600);
    if (fd == -1) {
        char *buffer =
            (char *) malloc(strlen(argv[0]) + strlen(queuedir) + 80);
        sprintf(buffer, "%s: while opening queue file '%s'", argv[0],
                qfile);
        perror(buffer);
        exit(EX_TEMPFAIL);
    }

This seems to confirm that Sympa isn't lying. The kernel is really
failing an open() call with a 'read-only file system' error.

HOWEVER some postings on the web suggest that opening a file can
fail with this specufic error when a process runs under systemd and
a systemd.service uses DynamicUser=yes.

Examples of deterministic and non-deterministic error behavior:
https://unix.stackexchange.com/questions/658077/what-could-cause-erofs-error-for-an-openat-call-of-a-symlinked-path-but-only-so

Background:
https://unix.stackexchange.com/questions/635027/systemd-dynamicuser-vs-user

I'm not saying that DynamicUser is the problem; it could be some
other systemd feature that is causing this. Or some other policy
setting that was changed from one OS distribution to the next one.

Good luck.

        Wietse
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