belliottsmith commented on code in PR #33:
URL: https://github.com/apache/cassandra-accord/pull/33#discussion_r1122917309


##########
accord-core/src/main/java/accord/utils/async/AsyncResults.java:
##########
@@ -0,0 +1,327 @@
+/*
+ * Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one
+ * or more contributor license agreements.  See the NOTICE file
+ * distributed with this work for additional information
+ * regarding copyright ownership.  The ASF licenses this file
+ * to you under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the
+ * "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance
+ * with the License.  You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *     http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+
+package accord.utils.async;
+
+import accord.utils.Invariants;
+
+import java.util.concurrent.Callable;
+import java.util.concurrent.atomic.AtomicReferenceFieldUpdater;
+import java.util.function.BiConsumer;
+import java.util.function.Function;
+
+public class AsyncResults
+{
+    private AsyncResults() {}
+
+    private static class Result<V>
+    {
+        final V value;
+        final Throwable failure;
+
+        public Result(V value, Throwable failure)
+        {
+            this.value = value;
+            this.failure = failure;
+        }
+    }
+
+    static class AbstractResult<V> implements AsyncResult<V>
+    {
+        private static final AtomicReferenceFieldUpdater<AbstractResult, 
Object> STATE = AtomicReferenceFieldUpdater.newUpdater(AbstractResult.class, 
Object.class, "state");
+
+        private volatile Object state;
+
+        private static class Listener<V>
+        {
+            final BiConsumer<? super V, Throwable> callback;
+            Listener<V> next;
+
+            public Listener(BiConsumer<? super V, Throwable> callback)
+            {
+                this.callback = callback;
+            }
+        }
+
+        private void notify(Listener<V> listener, Result<V> result)
+        {
+            while (listener != null)
+            {
+                listener.callback.accept(result.value, result.failure);
+                listener = listener.next;
+            }
+        }
+
+        boolean trySetResult(Result<V> result)
+        {
+            while (true)
+            {
+                Object current = state;
+                if (current instanceof Result)
+                    return false;
+                Listener<V> listener = (Listener<V>) current;
+                if (STATE.compareAndSet(this, current, result))
+                {
+                    notify(listener, result);
+                    return true;
+                }
+            }
+        }
+
+        boolean trySetResult(V result, Throwable failure)
+        {
+            return trySetResult(new Result<>(result, failure));
+        }
+
+        private  AsyncChain<V> newChain()
+        {
+            return new AsyncChains.Head<V>()
+            {
+                @Override
+                protected void start(BiConsumer<? super V, Throwable> callback)
+                {
+                    AbstractResult.this.addCallback(callback);
+                }
+            };
+        }
+
+        void setResult(V result, Throwable failure)
+        {
+            if (!trySetResult(result, failure))
+                throw new IllegalStateException("Result has already been set 
on " + this);
+        }
+
+        @Override
+        public <T> AsyncChain<T> map(Function<? super V, ? extends T> mapper)
+        {
+            return newChain().map(mapper);
+        }
+
+        @Override
+        public <T> AsyncChain<T> flatMap(Function<? super V, ? extends 
AsyncChain<T>> mapper)
+        {
+            return newChain().flatMap(mapper);
+        }
+
+        @Override
+        public AsyncResult<V> addCallback(BiConsumer<? super V, Throwable> 
callback)
+        {
+            Listener<V> listener = null;
+            while (true)
+            {
+                Object current = state;
+                if (current instanceof Result)
+                {
+                    Result<V> result = (Result<V>) current;
+                    callback.accept(result.value, result.failure);
+                    return this;
+                }
+                if (listener == null)
+                    listener = new Listener<>(callback);
+
+                listener.next = (Listener<V>) current;
+                if (STATE.compareAndSet(this, current, listener))
+                    return this;
+            }
+        }
+
+        @Override
+        public boolean isDone()
+        {
+            return state instanceof Result;
+        }
+
+        @Override
+        public boolean isSuccess()
+        {
+            Object current = state;
+            return current instanceof Result && ((Result) current).failure == 
null;
+        }
+
+        private Result<V> getResult()
+        {
+            Object current = state;
+            Invariants.checkState(current instanceof Result);
+            return (Result<V>) current;
+        }
+
+        public V result()
+        {
+            Result<V> result = getResult();
+            if (result.failure != null)
+                throw new IllegalStateException("Result failed " + 
result.failure);
+            return result.value;
+        }
+
+        public Throwable failure()
+        {
+            Result<V> result = getResult();
+            if (result.failure == null)
+                throw new IllegalStateException("Result succeeded");
+            return result.failure;
+        }
+    }
+
+    static class Chain<V> extends AbstractResult<V>
+    {
+        public Chain(AsyncChain<V> chain)
+        {
+            chain.begin(this::setResult);
+        }
+    }
+
+    public static class Settable<V> extends AbstractResult<V> implements 
AsyncResult.Settable<V>
+    {
+        @Override
+        public boolean trySuccess(V value)
+        {
+            return trySetResult(value, null);
+        }
+
+        @Override
+        public boolean tryFailure(Throwable throwable)
+        {
+            return trySetResult(null, throwable);
+        }
+    }
+
+    static class Immediate<V> implements AsyncResult<V>
+    {
+        private final V value;
+        private final Throwable failure;
+
+        Immediate(V value)
+        {
+            this.value = value;
+            this.failure = null;
+        }
+
+        Immediate(Throwable failure)
+        {
+            this.value = null;
+            this.failure = failure;
+        }
+
+        private AsyncChain<V> newChain()
+        {
+            return new AsyncChains.Head<V>()
+            {
+                @Override
+                protected void start(BiConsumer<? super V, Throwable> callback)
+                {
+                    AsyncResults.Immediate.this.addCallback(callback);
+                }
+            };
+        }
+
+        @Override
+        public <T> AsyncChain<T> map(Function<? super V, ? extends T> mapper)
+        {
+            return newChain().map(mapper);
+        }
+
+        @Override
+        public <T> AsyncChain<T> flatMap(Function<? super V, ? extends 
AsyncChain<T>> mapper)
+        {
+            return newChain().flatMap(mapper);
+        }
+
+        @Override
+        public AsyncResult<V> addCallback(BiConsumer<? super V, Throwable> 
callback)
+        {
+            callback.accept(value, failure);
+            return this;
+        }
+
+        @Override
+        public boolean isDone()
+        {
+            return true;
+        }
+
+        @Override
+        public boolean isSuccess()
+        {
+            return failure == null;
+        }
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Creates an AsyncResult for the given chain. This calls begin on the 
supplied chain
+     */
+    public static <V> AsyncResult<V> forChain(AsyncChain<V> chain)
+    {
+        return new Chain<>(chain);
+    }
+
+    public static <V> AsyncResult<V> success(V value)
+    {
+        return new Immediate<>(value);
+    }
+
+    public static <V> AsyncResult<V> failure(Throwable failure)
+    {
+        return new Immediate<>(failure);
+    }
+
+    public static <V> AsyncResult.Settable<V> settable()
+    {
+        return new Settable<>();
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * An AsyncResult that also implements Runnable
+     * @param <V>
+     */
+    public static class Unscheduled<V> extends AbstractResult<V> implements 
Runnable

Review Comment:
   `RunnableResult`?



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