dcapwell commented on code in PR #2256:
URL: https://github.com/apache/cassandra/pull/2256#discussion_r1163399051


##########
test/unit/org/apache/cassandra/journal/IndexTest.java:
##########
@@ -0,0 +1,133 @@
+/*
+ * Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one
+ * or more contributor license agreements.  See the NOTICE file
+ * distributed with this work for additional information
+ * regarding copyright ownership.  The ASF licenses this file
+ * to you under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the
+ * "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance
+ * with the License.  You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *     http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+package org.apache.cassandra.journal;
+
+import java.io.IOException;
+import java.nio.file.Files;
+
+import org.junit.Test;
+
+import org.apache.cassandra.io.util.File;
+import org.apache.cassandra.utils.TimeUUID;
+
+import static org.apache.cassandra.utils.TimeUUID.Generator.nextTimeUUID;
+import static org.junit.Assert.assertArrayEquals;
+import static org.junit.Assert.assertEquals;
+import static org.junit.Assert.assertFalse;
+import static org.junit.Assert.assertTrue;
+
+public class IndexTest
+{
+    private static final int[] EMPTY = new int[0];
+
+    @Test
+    public void testInMemoryIndexBasics()
+    {
+        InMemoryIndex<TimeUUID> index = 
InMemoryIndex.create(TimeUUIDKeySupport.INSTANCE);
+
+        TimeUUID key0 = nextTimeUUID();
+        TimeUUID key1 = nextTimeUUID();
+        TimeUUID key2 = nextTimeUUID();
+        TimeUUID key3 = nextTimeUUID();
+        TimeUUID key4 = nextTimeUUID();
+
+        assertEquals(0, index.lookUp(key0).length);
+        assertEquals(0, index.lookUp(key1).length);
+        assertEquals(0, index.lookUp(key2).length);
+        assertEquals(0, index.lookUp(key3).length);
+        assertEquals(0, index.lookUp(key4).length);

Review Comment:
   personal preference: I prefer `assertThat(index.lookUp(key0)).isEmpty();` as 
the error msg is more informative
   
   example failure
   
   ```
   Expecting empty but was:<[1100]>
   ```
   
   This shows the contents of the return, which can be useful for debugging.



##########
test/unit/org/apache/cassandra/journal/IndexTest.java:
##########
@@ -0,0 +1,133 @@
+/*
+ * Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one
+ * or more contributor license agreements.  See the NOTICE file
+ * distributed with this work for additional information
+ * regarding copyright ownership.  The ASF licenses this file
+ * to you under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the
+ * "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance
+ * with the License.  You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *     http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+package org.apache.cassandra.journal;
+
+import java.io.IOException;
+import java.nio.file.Files;
+
+import org.junit.Test;
+
+import org.apache.cassandra.io.util.File;
+import org.apache.cassandra.utils.TimeUUID;
+
+import static org.apache.cassandra.utils.TimeUUID.Generator.nextTimeUUID;
+import static org.junit.Assert.assertArrayEquals;
+import static org.junit.Assert.assertEquals;
+import static org.junit.Assert.assertFalse;
+import static org.junit.Assert.assertTrue;
+
+public class IndexTest
+{
+    private static final int[] EMPTY = new int[0];
+
+    @Test
+    public void testInMemoryIndexBasics()
+    {
+        InMemoryIndex<TimeUUID> index = 
InMemoryIndex.create(TimeUUIDKeySupport.INSTANCE);
+
+        TimeUUID key0 = nextTimeUUID();
+        TimeUUID key1 = nextTimeUUID();
+        TimeUUID key2 = nextTimeUUID();
+        TimeUUID key3 = nextTimeUUID();
+        TimeUUID key4 = nextTimeUUID();
+
+        assertEquals(0, index.lookUp(key0).length);
+        assertEquals(0, index.lookUp(key1).length);
+        assertEquals(0, index.lookUp(key2).length);
+        assertEquals(0, index.lookUp(key3).length);
+        assertEquals(0, index.lookUp(key4).length);
+
+        int val11 = 1100;
+        int val21 = 2100;
+        int val22 = 2200;
+        int val31 = 3100;
+        int val32 = 3200;
+        int val33 = 3300;
+
+        index.update(key1, val11);
+        index.update(key2, val21);
+        index.update(key2, val22);
+        index.update(key3, val31);
+        index.update(key3, val32);
+        index.update(key3, val33);
+
+        assertArrayEquals(EMPTY, index.lookUp(key0));
+        assertArrayEquals(new int[] { val11 }, index.lookUp(key1));
+        assertArrayEquals(new int[] { val21, val22 }, index.lookUp(key2));
+        assertArrayEquals(new int[] { val31, val32, val33 }, 
index.lookUp(key3));
+        assertArrayEquals(EMPTY, index.lookUp(key4));
+
+        assertEquals(key1, index.firstId());
+        assertEquals(key3, index.lastId());
+
+        assertFalse(index.mayContainId(key0, TimeUUIDKeySupport.INSTANCE));
+         assertTrue(index.mayContainId(key1, TimeUUIDKeySupport.INSTANCE));
+         assertTrue(index.mayContainId(key2, TimeUUIDKeySupport.INSTANCE));
+         assertTrue(index.mayContainId(key3, TimeUUIDKeySupport.INSTANCE));
+        assertFalse(index.mayContainId(key4, TimeUUIDKeySupport.INSTANCE));
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    public void testInMemoryIndexPersists() throws IOException

Review Comment:
   Here is the failing test as a stand alone test
   
   
   ```
   @Test
       public void sample() throws IOException
       {
           File directory = new File(Files.createTempDirectory(null));
           directory.deleteOnExit();
   
           test(directory, 
ImmutableMap.of(TimeUUID.fromString("58ed800a-d357-11b2-0000-000000000000"), 
new int[]{ 0 },
                                           
TimeUUID.fromString("8001c17e-d357-11b2-0000-000000000000"), new int[]{ 0 }
           ));
       }
   ```



##########
test/unit/org/apache/cassandra/journal/IndexTest.java:
##########
@@ -0,0 +1,133 @@
+/*
+ * Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one
+ * or more contributor license agreements.  See the NOTICE file
+ * distributed with this work for additional information
+ * regarding copyright ownership.  The ASF licenses this file
+ * to you under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the
+ * "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance
+ * with the License.  You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *     http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+package org.apache.cassandra.journal;
+
+import java.io.IOException;
+import java.nio.file.Files;
+
+import org.junit.Test;
+
+import org.apache.cassandra.io.util.File;
+import org.apache.cassandra.utils.TimeUUID;
+
+import static org.apache.cassandra.utils.TimeUUID.Generator.nextTimeUUID;
+import static org.junit.Assert.assertArrayEquals;
+import static org.junit.Assert.assertEquals;
+import static org.junit.Assert.assertFalse;
+import static org.junit.Assert.assertTrue;
+
+public class IndexTest
+{
+    private static final int[] EMPTY = new int[0];
+
+    @Test
+    public void testInMemoryIndexBasics()
+    {
+        InMemoryIndex<TimeUUID> index = 
InMemoryIndex.create(TimeUUIDKeySupport.INSTANCE);
+
+        TimeUUID key0 = nextTimeUUID();
+        TimeUUID key1 = nextTimeUUID();
+        TimeUUID key2 = nextTimeUUID();
+        TimeUUID key3 = nextTimeUUID();
+        TimeUUID key4 = nextTimeUUID();
+
+        assertEquals(0, index.lookUp(key0).length);
+        assertEquals(0, index.lookUp(key1).length);
+        assertEquals(0, index.lookUp(key2).length);
+        assertEquals(0, index.lookUp(key3).length);
+        assertEquals(0, index.lookUp(key4).length);
+
+        int val11 = 1100;
+        int val21 = 2100;
+        int val22 = 2200;
+        int val31 = 3100;
+        int val32 = 3200;
+        int val33 = 3300;
+
+        index.update(key1, val11);
+        index.update(key2, val21);
+        index.update(key2, val22);
+        index.update(key3, val31);
+        index.update(key3, val32);
+        index.update(key3, val33);
+
+        assertArrayEquals(EMPTY, index.lookUp(key0));
+        assertArrayEquals(new int[] { val11 }, index.lookUp(key1));
+        assertArrayEquals(new int[] { val21, val22 }, index.lookUp(key2));
+        assertArrayEquals(new int[] { val31, val32, val33 }, 
index.lookUp(key3));
+        assertArrayEquals(EMPTY, index.lookUp(key4));
+
+        assertEquals(key1, index.firstId());
+        assertEquals(key3, index.lastId());
+
+        assertFalse(index.mayContainId(key0, TimeUUIDKeySupport.INSTANCE));
+         assertTrue(index.mayContainId(key1, TimeUUIDKeySupport.INSTANCE));
+         assertTrue(index.mayContainId(key2, TimeUUIDKeySupport.INSTANCE));
+         assertTrue(index.mayContainId(key3, TimeUUIDKeySupport.INSTANCE));
+        assertFalse(index.mayContainId(key4, TimeUUIDKeySupport.INSTANCE));
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    public void testInMemoryIndexPersists() throws IOException

Review Comment:
   this test is better as a fuzz test rather than using fixed values.  I took a 
stab at that, and seems OnDisk lost a value?
   
   ```
   diff --git a/src/java/org/apache/cassandra/journal/Journal.java 
b/src/java/org/apache/cassandra/journal/Journal.java
   index a9a19ed2c7..eab96c66cc 100644
   --- a/src/java/org/apache/cassandra/journal/Journal.java
   +++ b/src/java/org/apache/cassandra/journal/Journal.java
   @@ -43,7 +43,6 @@ import org.apache.cassandra.io.util.DataOutputBuffer;
    import org.apache.cassandra.io.util.File;
    import org.apache.cassandra.io.util.PathUtils;
    import org.apache.cassandra.journal.Segments.ReferencedSegments;
   -import org.apache.cassandra.net.MessagingService;
    import org.apache.cassandra.service.StorageService;
    import org.apache.cassandra.utils.Crc;
    import org.apache.cassandra.utils.JVMStabilityInspector;
   diff --git a/test/unit/org/apache/cassandra/journal/IndexTest.java 
b/test/unit/org/apache/cassandra/journal/IndexTest.java
   index 819e1f1c1f..62ea082b59 100644
   --- a/test/unit/org/apache/cassandra/journal/IndexTest.java
   +++ b/test/unit/org/apache/cassandra/journal/IndexTest.java
   @@ -19,17 +19,29 @@ package org.apache.cassandra.journal;
    
    import java.io.IOException;
    import java.nio.file.Files;
   +import java.util.Arrays;
   +import java.util.Collections;
   +import java.util.List;
   +import java.util.Map;
   +import java.util.stream.Collectors;
    
   +import com.google.common.collect.Maps;
    import org.junit.Test;
    
   +import org.agrona.collections.IntHashSet;
    import org.apache.cassandra.io.util.File;
   +import org.apache.cassandra.utils.Generators;
    import org.apache.cassandra.utils.TimeUUID;
   +import org.quicktheories.core.Gen;
   +import org.quicktheories.impl.Constraint;
    
    import static org.apache.cassandra.utils.TimeUUID.Generator.nextTimeUUID;
   +import static org.assertj.core.api.Assertions.assertThat;
    import static org.junit.Assert.assertArrayEquals;
    import static org.junit.Assert.assertEquals;
    import static org.junit.Assert.assertFalse;
    import static org.junit.Assert.assertTrue;
   +import static org.quicktheories.QuickTheory.qt;
    
    public class IndexTest
    {
   @@ -130,4 +142,107 @@ public class IndexTest
                assertFalse(onDisk.mayContainId(key4, 
TimeUUIDKeySupport.INSTANCE));
            }
        }
   +
   +    @Test
   +    public void prop() throws IOException
   +    {
   +        Constraint sizeConstraint = Constraint.between(1, 10);
   +        Constraint valueSizeConstraint = Constraint.between(0, 10);
   +        Constraint positionConstraint = Constraint.between(0, 
Integer.MAX_VALUE);
   +        Gen<TimeUUID> keyGen = Generators.timeUUID();
   +        Gen<int[]> valueGen = rs -> {
   +            int[] array = new int[(int) rs.next(valueSizeConstraint)];
   +            IntHashSet uniq = new IntHashSet();
   +            for (int i = 0; i < array.length; i++)
   +            {
   +                int value = (int) rs.next(positionConstraint);
   +                if (!uniq.add(value))
   +                    value = (int) rs.next(positionConstraint);
   +                array[i] = value;
   +            }
   +            return array;
   +        };
   +        Gen<Map<TimeUUID, int[]>> gen = rs -> {
   +            int size = (int) rs.next(sizeConstraint);
   +            Map<TimeUUID, int[]> map = 
Maps.newHashMapWithExpectedSize(size);
   +            for (int i = 0; i < size; i++)
   +            {
   +                TimeUUID key = keyGen.generate(rs);
   +                while (map.containsKey(key))
   +                    key = keyGen.generate(rs);
   +                int[] value = valueGen.generate(rs);
   +                map.put(key, value);
   +            }
   +            return map;
   +        };
   +        gen = gen.describedAs(map -> {
   +            StringBuilder sb = new StringBuilder();
   +            for (Map.Entry<TimeUUID, int[]> entry : map.entrySet())
   +                
sb.append('\n').append(entry.getKey()).append('\t').append(Arrays.toString(entry.getValue()));
   +            return sb.toString();
   +        });
   +        File directory = new File(Files.createTempDirectory(null));
   +        directory.deleteOnExit();
   +        qt().withFixedSeed(1735898489413583L).forAll(gen).checkAssert(map 
-> test(directory, map));
   +    }
   +
   +    private static void test(File directory, Map<TimeUUID, int[]> map)
   +    {
   +        InMemoryIndex<TimeUUID> inMemory = 
InMemoryIndex.create(TimeUUIDKeySupport.INSTANCE);
   +        for (Map.Entry<TimeUUID, int[]> e : map.entrySet())
   +        {
   +            TimeUUID key = e.getKey();
   +            assertThat(inMemory.lookUp(key)).isEmpty();
   +            assertThat(inMemory.mayContainId(key, 
TimeUUIDKeySupport.INSTANCE)).isFalse();
   +
   +            int[] value = e.getValue();
   +            if (value.length == 0)
   +                continue;
   +            for (int i : value)
   +                inMemory.update(key, i);
   +            Arrays.sort(value);
   +        }
   +        assertIndex(map, inMemory);
   +
   +        Descriptor descriptor = Descriptor.create(directory, 
System.nanoTime(), 1);
   +        inMemory.persist(descriptor);
   +
   +        try (OnDiskIndex<TimeUUID> onDisk = OnDiskIndex.open(descriptor, 
TimeUUIDKeySupport.INSTANCE))
   +        {
   +            assertIndex(map, onDisk);
   +        }
   +    }
   +
   +    private static void assertIndex(Map<TimeUUID, int[]> expected, 
Index<TimeUUID> actual)
   +    {
   +        List<TimeUUID> keys = expected.entrySet().stream().filter(e -> 
e.getValue().length != 0).map(Map.Entry::getKey).collect(Collectors.toList());
   +        Collections.sort(keys);
   +        if (keys.isEmpty())
   +        {
   +            assertThat(actual.firstId()).describedAs("Index %s had wrong 
firstId", actual).isNull();
   +            assertThat(actual.lastId()).describedAs("Index %s had wrong 
lastId", actual).isNull();
   +        }
   +        else
   +        {
   +            assertThat(actual.firstId()).describedAs("Index %s had wrong 
firstId", actual).isEqualTo(keys.get(0));
   +            assertThat(actual.lastId()).describedAs("Index %s had wrong 
lastId", actual).isEqualTo(keys.get(keys.size() - 1));
   +        }
   +
   +        for (Map.Entry<TimeUUID, int[]> e : expected.entrySet())
   +        {
   +            TimeUUID key = e.getKey();
   +            int[] value = e.getValue();
   +            int[] read = actual.lookUp(key);
   +            if (value.length == 0)
   +            {
   +                assertThat(read).describedAs("Index %s returned wrong 
values", actual).isEmpty();
   +                assertThat(actual.mayContainId(key, 
TimeUUIDKeySupport.INSTANCE)).describedAs("Index %s", actual).isFalse();
   +            }
   +            else
   +            {
   +                assertThat(read).describedAs("Index %s returned wrong 
values", actual).isEqualTo(value);
   +                assertThat(actual.mayContainId(key, 
TimeUUIDKeySupport.INSTANCE)).describedAs("Index %s", actual).isTrue();
   +            }
   +        }
   +    }
    }
   \ No newline at end of file
   diff --git a/test/unit/org/apache/cassandra/utils/Generators.java 
b/test/unit/org/apache/cassandra/utils/Generators.java
   index 3d17828426..77408b2a0e 100644
   --- a/test/unit/org/apache/cassandra/utils/Generators.java
   +++ b/test/unit/org/apache/cassandra/utils/Generators.java
   @@ -407,6 +407,25 @@ public final class Generators
                     .map(s -> new String(s.getBytes(StandardCharsets.UTF_8), 
StandardCharsets.UTF_8));
        }
    
   +    public static Gen<TimeUUID> timeUUID()
   +    {
   +        ZonedDateTime now = ZonedDateTime.of(2020, 8, 20,
   +                                             0, 0, 0, 0, ZoneOffset.UTC);
   +        ZonedDateTime startOfTime = now.minusYears(50);
   +        ZonedDateTime endOfDays = now.plusYears(50);
   +        Constraint micros = Constraint.between(toMicros(startOfTime), 
toMicros(endOfDays));
   +        return rs -> {
   +            long nowMicro = rs.next(micros);
   +            long lsb = rs.next(Constraint.none());
   +            return new 
TimeUUID(TimeUUID.unixMicrosToRawTimestamp(nowMicro), lsb);
   +        };
   +    }
   +
   +    private static long toMicros(ZonedDateTime zdt)
   +    {
   +        return zdt.toInstant().toEpochMilli() * 1000 + zdt.getNano() / 1000;
   +    }
   +
        private static boolean isDash(char c)
        {
            switch (c)
   ```
   
   
   Failure
   
   ```
   Smallest found falsifying value(s) :-
   
   58ed800a-d357-11b2-0000-000000000000 [0]
   8001c17e-d357-11b2-0000-000000000000 [0]
   58ed8000-d357-11b2-0000-000000000000 []
   Cause was :-
   org.opentest4j.AssertionFailedError: [Index 
org.apache.cassandra.journal.OnDiskIndex@72c8e7b returned wrong values] 
   Expecting:
    <[]>
   to be equal to:
    <[0]>
   ...
   Seed was 1735898489413583
   ```



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