http://www.smh.com.au/world/science/genetic-link-to-adhd-discovered-20100930-15zdy.html

Genetic link to ADHD discovered 
October 1, 2010 
PARIS: For years they have dumped at the back of the class the pupils who are 
impulsive, hyperactive and unable to concentrate at the back of the class.

But a growing number of health experts and advocates say such children are not 
cases of bad behaviour or poor parenting but have a medical condition: 
attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder, or ADHD.

Their case has been boosted by a study that has uncovered the first direct 
evidence that ADHD has a genetic cause.

The evidence, published in the medical journal The Lancet by British 
specialists, is based on a comparison of the genetic code of 366 children with 
ADHD and 1047 without it.

The ADHD children were likelier to have small but important segments of DNA 
that were missing or duplicated in their genome. These segments, copy number 
variations, act like a control valve over genes, which make the body's proteins.

''We've known for many years that ADHD may well be genetic because it tends to 
run in families. What's really exciting is that we've found the first direct 
genetic link,'' said Anita Thapar, a professor of neuropsychiatric genetics at 
Cardiff University, Wales.

But a long road lies ahead before ADHD is fully understood and a cure emerges, 
the authors caution.

''ADHD is not caused by a single genetic change but is likely caused by a 
number of genetic changes interacting with as-yet unidentified environmental 
factors,'' said a fellow researcher, Kate Langley.

Agence France-Presse


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