Thank you so much, that was super helpful. I've read a bit about staleness 
after reading your posts. Our elasticsearch_exporter takes more than 1 
minute to run.  Because of that it doesn't seem a good idea to set 
scrape_interval at 2 minutes. We are now thinking of increasing the 
scrape_interval and changing --query.lookback-delta. The latter setting 
changes the 5 minutes look back default value. Do you have any thoughts on 
that?

On Thursday, September 24, 2020 at 4:27:02 AM UTC-4 [email protected] wrote:

> On Wednesday, 23 September 2020 20:25:48 UTC+1, Francois Valiquette wrote:
>>
>> - What's the scrape interval for this metric?
>>     -> scrape_interval: 30m
>>
>
> Aha!
>
> Prometheus only looks back 5 minutes for data points; anything older than 
> that is considered "stale".
>
> Therefore, if you sample the time series with steps of 10 or 20 minutes, 
> you may keep "missing" all the data points, and get no results.  If you 
> sample at 9 or 11 minute intervals, you will hit some (but miss others).
>
> Example: let's say you have data points at t=0min, t=30min, t=60min, 
> t=90min.
>
> The current time is t=118min.
>
> You read data with step=10m.  You are therefore sampling the data at 
> t=118min, t=108min, t=98min etc.
>
> Each sample looks up to 5 minutes in the past.  It picks the latest data 
> point from t=113-118min, 103-108min, 93-98min, 83-88min, 73-78min, 
> 63-68min, 53-58min etc.
>
> It misses the data points at t=90min, t=60min etc.  You get no results, 
> exactly as you see.
>
> Solution: scrape at least every 5 minutes.  Scraping at 2 minutes is 
> strongly recommended, so that a single missed scrape does not cause these 
> sorts of staleness issues.
>
> Don't worry about additional storage utilisation.  Prometheus puts all the 
> data points next to each other and uses delta encoding and compression.
>

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