OK, I have a solution: if I patch the function
render_view(context, request, name='', secure=True)
in my .../pyramid-1.3.2-py3.2.egg/pyramid/view.py file
by replacing
return ''.join(iterable)
at the end with the following if-then-else code
if isinstance(iterable[0], str):
return ''.join(iterable)
else:
return b''.join(iterable)
then everything works as expected, but I'd certainly not
want to do this forever / would very much appreciate, if
someone could have a closer look at the problem.
-Andreas
Andreas Reuleaux <[email protected]> writes:
> OK, not having gotten any feedback, I guess my problem description was
> to vague.
>
> I have therefore prepared a little sample program, that should be easy
> to extract and run from this e-mail: when running it with python2 I have
> no problems, when running it with python3 I get the aforementioned byte
> vs. string problems (also shown below once more).
>
> While I roughly know, what has changed between python2 and python3
> concerning strings/bytes, I am kind of stuck in this situation: I don't
> know what to do in this case and I would hope that someone will try out
> this sample program and point me in the right direction.
>
> To make the installation experience easier, I have avoided to use to
> many different python/configuration files: the whole program lives in
> one file sample.py, which make use of a couple of templates.
>
> To try out the program, you should therefore extract from this e-mail
>
> * the file sample.py
>
> * as well as the templates page.pt, home.pt, other.pt, and notfound.pt
> (note that only page.pt is a complete html page, the others are
> just html snippets)
>
> steps to install/run the program on python2
>
> create the environment
> $ virtualenv foo
> $ cd foo
> $ ./bin/easy_install pyramid
> $ ./bin/easy_install pyramid_viewgroup
>
> copy the python script and the page templates to your foo env
> $ cp .../simple.py .
> $ cp .../page.pt .
> $ cp .../home.pt .
> $ cp .../other.pt .
> $ cp .../notfound.pt .
>
> adjust the path to the templates in simple.py, like
> path=os.path.dirname('/path/to/my/foo/')
>
> start the server
> $ ./bin/python simple.py -port 8080
>
> and have a look at some pages
> http://myserver:8080/home
> http://myserver:8080/other
> http://myserver:8080/whatever - not found!
> http://myserver:8080/ - default view
>
> (see the explanations below, what's going on under the hood.)
>
> --
> now do the same with python3
>
> create the environment
> $ virtualenv-3.2 bar3
> $ cd bar3
> $ ./bin/easy_install-3.2 pyramid
> $ ./bin/easy_install-3.2 pyramid_viewgroup
>
> copy the simple.py script and the page templates as above,
> and adjust the path to the templates
>
> start the server with
> $ ./bin/python3 simple.py -port 8080
>
> and have a look at some pages as above.
>
> While http://myserver:8080/, the default view renders fine,
> as soon as I look at some of the other pages: home, other, whatever (not
> found)
> I get
>
> File
> "/home/reuleaux/tmp/bar3/lib/python3.2/site-packages/pyramid-1.3.2-py3.2.egg/pyramid/view.py",
> line 139, in render_view
> return ''.join(iterable)
> TypeError: sequence item 0: expected str instance, bytes found
>
> - Expression: "provider('content')"
> - Filename: None
> - Location: (24:33)
> - Source: ... l:replace="structure provider('content')">page
> content</div>
> ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
> - Arguments: repeat: {...} (0)
> renderer_name: /home/reuleaux/tmp/bar3/page.pt
> req: <NoneType - at 0x84bf40>
> request: <NoneType - at 0x84bf40>
> provider: <Provider - at 0x28059d0>
> renderer_info: <RendererHelper - at 0x2805a10>
> context: <Home - at 0x2805a50>
> escape: False
> view: <NoneType - at 0x84bf40>
> 192.168.1.7 - - [21/Jul/2012 01:58:49] "GET /home HTTP/1.1" 500 59
>
> As mentioned before: I am lost in this case, any help is appreciated.
>
> Some explanations of what's going on in the python2 case /
> how it is supposed to work:
>
> While viewlets/content providers are not everyone's preferred style,
> I have used them here to assemble some pages from building blocks
> e. g. my home page looks just like this:
>
> @implementer(IPage)
> class Home(object):
> content=HomeContent()
> title='Home'
>
> I. e. it is a page (implements IPage), and its contents is just
> the home content.
>
> Another page, Other, is very similar, but has of course some other
> content:
>
> @implementer(IPage)
> class Other(object):
> content=OtherContent()
> title='Other'
>
> I have used traversal to find those objects, e. g.
>
> http://myserver:port/home
>
> will render Home, .../other will render Other and so on
>
> The views operate just on the interfaces IPage, IContent,
> i. e. view_page can render any page, and will make use of
> view_content to fill in / show the content provided for
> this particular page.
>
>
> Anyway, thanks for reading, and thanks in advance for trying out.
>
>
> -Andreas
>
>
> simple.py
> --------------------------------------------------
> from wsgiref.simple_server import make_server
> from pyramid.config import Configurator
> from pyramid.response import Response
>
> from pyramid_viewgroup import Provider
>
> from pyramid.renderers import render_to_response
>
> import sys
> import os
>
> import argparse
>
>
> opts=None
>
>
> # path = os.path.dirname('/home/reuleaux/tmp/foo/')
> path = os.path.dirname('/home/reuleaux/work/website/py3/')
>
>
>
> from zope.interface import Interface, implementer
>
>
> class IContent(Interface):
> pass
>
>
> class IPage(Interface):
> pass
>
>
> @implementer(IContent)
> class HomeContent(object):
> msg="hi from home"
> tmplt=os.path.join(path, 'home.pt')
>
>
> @implementer(IPage)
> class Home(object):
> content=HomeContent()
> title='Home'
>
>
> @implementer(IContent)
> class OtherContent(object):
> msg="hi from other"
> tmplt=os.path.join(path, 'other.pt')
>
>
> @implementer(IPage)
> class Other(object):
> content=OtherContent()
> title='Other'
>
>
> @implementer(IContent)
> class NotFoundContent(object):
> tmplt=os.path.join(path, 'notfound.pt')
> msg="not found!"
>
>
> @implementer(IPage)
> class NotFound(object):
> content=NotFoundContent()
> title='not found'
>
>
>
> app={
> 'home': Home,
> 'other': Other,
> }
>
>
> @implementer(IPage)
> class App(object):
> def __getitem__(self, name):
> return app.get(name, NotFound)()
>
>
> class Root(object):
> def __init__(self, request):
> self.request = request
>
> def __getitem__(self, name=None):
> if name in ['static',
> ]:
> raise KeyError
> else:
> return App()[name]
>
>
>
>
> def default_view(request):
> return Response('Hello world!')
>
>
>
>
>
> def content_view(request):
> content=getattr(request.context, 'content', None)
>
> if hasattr(content, 'tmplt'):
> return render_to_response(content.tmplt,
> { },
> )
> else:
> return Response('<span class="mark">content</span>')
>
>
> def page_view(request):
> context=request.context
> provider=Provider(context, request)
> return render_to_response(
> os.path.join(path, 'page.pt'),
> {
> 'provider': provider,
> 'context': context,
> },
> )
>
>
>
>
> def parser():
>
> parser=argparse.ArgumentParser()
>
> parser.add_argument("-port",
> '--port',
> dest="port",
> action="store",
> default=6543,
> help="port")
>
> return parser
>
>
> def run(args):
>
> p=parser()
> global opts
> opts = p.parse_args(args)
> # print(opts)
>
> config = Configurator(root_factory=Root)
>
>
> config.add_view('.default_view',)
>
> config.add_view('.page_view',
> context='.IPage',)
>
>
> config.add_view('.content_view',
> name='content',
> context='.IPage',)
>
>
> app = config.make_wsgi_app()
> server = make_server('0.0.0.0', int(opts.port), app)
> server.serve_forever()
>
>
> if __name__ == '__main__':
> run(sys.argv[1:])
> --------------------------------------------------
>
>
>
>
>
> page.pt
> --------------------------------------------------
> <?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
>
> <html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml";
> xmlns:tal="http://xml.zope.org/namespaces/tal";
> >
> <head>
> <title>${context.title}</title>
>
> <style type="text/css"
> media="screen">
> .mark {
> font-weight: bold;
> font-style: italic;
> }
> </style>
>
>
> </head>
> <body>
> <p>any page will have this structure</p>
>
> <p>and here comes the content:</p>
>
> <div tal:replace="structure provider('content')">page content</div>
>
> <p>rest of the page...</p>
>
> </body>
> </html>
> --------------------------------------------------
>
>
>
>
> home.pt
> --------------------------------------------------
> <div
> xmlns:tal="http://xml.zope.org/namespaces/tal";
> tal:omit-tag=""
> >
>
>
> <p>
> this is my <span class="mark">home page</span>...
> </p>
>
>
> </div>
> --------------------------------------------------
>
>
>
>
>
> other.pt
> --------------------------------------------------
> <div
> xmlns:tal="http://xml.zope.org/namespaces/tal";
> tal:omit-tag=""
> >
>
>
> <p>
> this is my <span class="mark">other page</span>
> </p>
>
>
> </div>
> --------------------------------------------------
>
>
>
>
> notfound.pt
> --------------------------------------------------
> <div
> xmlns:tal="http://xml.zope.org/namespaces/tal";
> tal:omit-tag=""
> >
>
> Sorry, page not found
>
> </div>
> --------------------------------------------------
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