Eryk Sun <eryk...@gmail.com> added the comment:

> pathlib currently expects DOS paths only: it will strip '\\?\' 
> prefix in resolve()

pathlib's unqualified conversion from the extended form to classic DOS form is 
a bug. The resolved path may be invalid as a classic DOS path. It may be too 
long, a DOS device name (e.g. "nul.txt"), or end with trailing spaces or dots 
(e.g. "spam."). 

Here's another pathlib bug with device paths:

    >>> print(pathlib.Path(r'\\.\C:'))
    \\.\C:\
    >>> print(pathlib.Path('//./CON'))
    \\.\CON\

In the first case, the input path is the "C:" volume device, but pathlib 
changes it to the file-system root directory. The second case is invalid in 
general, though some devices will ignore a remaining path.

As background, note that the Windows runtime library classifies paths into 6 
types:

    >>> ntdll = ctypes.WinDLL('ntdll')
    >>> GetDosPathNameType = ntdll.RtlDetermineDosPathNameType_U

    UNC Absolute
    >>> GetDosPathNameType(r'\\eggs\spam')
    1

    Drive Absolute
    >>> GetDosPathNameType(r'C:\spam')
    2

    Drive Relative
    >>> GetDosPathNameType('C:spam')
    3

    Rooted
    >>> GetDosPathNameType(r'\spam')
    4

    Relative
    >>> GetDosPathNameType('spam')
    5

    Local Device
    >>> GetDosPathNameType(r'\\.\C:\spam')
    6
    >>> GetDosPathNameType(r'\\?\C:\spam')
    6

A local-device path is always absolute, so it's the only way to reference a 
volume device by a DOS drive letter. Without the prefix, "C:" is a 
drive-relative path.

If the prefix is exactly "\\\\?\\" (no forward slashes), then a local-device 
path is an extended path. This path type never gets normalized in any way, 
except to replace the WinAPI prefix with NTAPI "\\??\\". For all other 
local-device paths, the runtime library resolves "." and ".." components, 
translates forward slash to backslash, and strips trailing spaces and dots from 
the final component. Unlike DOS paths, local-device paths do not reserve DOS 
device names (e.g. "NUL" or "NUL:").

pathlib should never add a trailing slash to a local-device path. Also, the 
is_reserved() method needs to distinguish the DOS, device ("\\\\.\\"), and 
extended device ("\\\\?\\") namespaces.

> it would indeed be nice if pathlib handled [device] paths in its resolve()

I suggested handling volume GUID and device paths in _getfinalpathname, so it's 
not special-cased just in pathlib (e.g. if we were to implement 
ntpath.realpath). OTOH, pathlib's resolve() method should handle high-level 
mitigation, such as working around bad links and permission errors in 
non-strict mode.

> I erroneously stated that the length of the path could increase 
> between GetFinalPathNameByHandle calls because an intermediate
> directory could be renamed

The rules for the rename operation are discussed in the documentation for 
NtSetInformationFile, FileRenameInformation [1], and explained in detail in 
File Systems Algorithms, 2.1.5.14.11 FileRenameInformation [2].

[1]: 
https://docs.microsoft.com/en-us/windows-hardware/drivers/ddi/content/ntifs/ns-ntifs-_file_rename_information
[2]: https://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/ff469527

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