Barry A. Warsaw <ba...@python.org> added the comment:

I'll look at this in more detail, but I can at least answer one question right 
now:

"The bona-fide known bug: the Debian package mantainer for Python decided to 
change "site-packages" to "dist-packages" in 2.6, for reasons I still don't 
quite understand."

This was done as an accommodation to upstream Python developers.  A from-source 
build of Python installs into /usr/local by default, with a site-packages 
situated there.  But the Debian interpretation of the FHS states that 
site-installed (i.e. not through the package manager) add-ons to Python should 
also live in /usr/local, and /usr/local/lib/pythonX.Y/site-packages was chosen 
as the most obvious place for that.

Unfortunately, this meant that if you installed Python from source using the 
defaults, it was possible to clobber either your system Python or your 
from-source installed Python by installing third party packages to an 
unintentionally shared directory.  This was a real problem.

Now, the Debian answer (probably rightly so) was that Python's from-source 
defaults should install into /opt not /usr/local, but this broke a decade's (at 
least) convention from upstream.  The compromise was to keep Debian's 
/usr/local interpretation of the FHS, but to choose a directory that would not 
conflict with a from-source installation of Python.  Thus dist-packages was 
chosen.  To keep the system Python consistent, Python packages installed via 
apt are installed to /usr/lib/pythonX.Y/dist-packages too.

I've had discussions with developers on both sides.  It's not an ideal solution 
to anyone, but I thought it was the best compromise available at that time, and 
still do.

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<http://bugs.python.org/issue5819>
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