On Wednesday, 8 January 2020 11:46:52 UTC, Claudia wrote:

> ...Xen uses QEMU just to emulate virtual hardware devices for HVMs, not 
> for the actual virtualization. "Normal" Qemu is actually Qemu/KVM, which is 
> not supported on Xen as far as I know. The next best thing is to create an 
> HVM, see 
> https://www.qubes-os.org/doc/standalone-and-hvm/#installing-an-os-in-an-hvm


Here is a bit more background -- not strictly necessary to your immediate Q

For Linux users, "normal" QEMU is indeed Qemu/KVM.

However, some QEMU fans would probably argue that the definitive QEMU is 
the version that emulates everything. Obviously that leads to a slow 
running system, but will certainly run in an HVM. QEMU/KVM leverages the 
Linux kernel to run as much of the code as possible directly (ie on bare 
metal or in an HVM). 

There is also a Windows variant (iirr called KQEMU) which runs on Windows 
(but only after you install the KQEMU drivers). 

 

> qemu-img-xen is used for formatting image files or block devices for VMs. 
> qemu-nbd-xen is for network block devices, though I'm not sure if/how 
> they're used in Qubes. 
>

Most, or maybe all, the programs whise name begins qemu-... are utilities 
borrowed from the QEMU project, rather than actually part of the QEMU 
emulator itself. Why write a utility when the QEMU team already did what 
you want? 

In fact, both KVM and XEN use QEMU code internally, but not in a way that 
you can easily leverage for what you are trying to do. So too does 
VirtualBox, which means Oracle cannot make it closed source without 
re-inventing a lot of QEMU wheels

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