Hi Billy,

Congratulations on getting published.  I pray this is the start of something!

I’m not sure how this happened, but I have a strong memory of an email saying 
you really wanted to talk about Justice, not Forgiveness.   However, that email 
seems to have disappeared, which makes me wonder if I imagined it.

At any rate, if you did send that email then I think you really hit the nail on 
the head.  To my mind, how we deal with justice — and injustice — is at the 
core of religion, society, politics, family, and psychology.  If we are going 
to reinvent Christianity (and reform politics), we need to promote better ways 
to think and talk about justice.

Justice in the broad sense is a basic human need; perhaps even the most basic, 
in that we are quite wiling to trade pleasure, resources, and even our lives to 
pursue it. At personal level, Justice (and its hand-maiden, Anger) is essential 
for maintaining our sense of self in relation to other people.

Does that definition work for you?

>From this perspective, the theological  “problem of evil” is really the 
>psychological and political problem of injustice elevated to a higher level.

I want to be me.  I want to flourish.  I want to be treated fairly.  I want my 
self-hood to NOT be violated.  I want appropriate status and respect.

Those are legitimate, core human desires.  Anger is the entirely appropriate 
and necessary reaction when those desires are frustrated.

Still with me?

The challenge is that all human systems (from the smallest family to the 
largest nation) are never perfectly just — and usually appallingly unjust.

So how did we ever survive?  And more importantly, how did we ever manage to 
build and maintain civilization?

To a certain extent, I think the philosophers are right when they say that we 
became civilized when we turned anger into aggression, and sublimated 
aggression into art.  However, that is to colossally understate the role of 
religion, in the broad sense: whether the ancestor worship of hunter gatherers, 
the great world religions of Hinduism, Buddhism, and Christianity, or the 
secular horror of Fascism and Communism.  

Religion is often defined as a shared sense of meaning, but (at least in 
pre-secular times) I think it is better understood as a story about our 
identity.  In particular, religion (among other things) tells a story about the 
relation of the individual self to the community (communal self), and provides 
a framework for managing unresolved aggression via institutional authority and 
cathartic rituals.

>From what I can tell, the usual way societies did this was through promoting 
>aggression outward (towards external enemies) or downward (through 
>scapegoating <https://2transform.us/2018/10/14/scapegoat-a-love-song/> . That 
>was the relief valve that allowed people to make sense of (or at least 
>sublimate) the many small and large injuries to selfhood that occur in any 
>network of human relationships. And societies that failed to do this fast 
>enough ending up destroying themselves through internal squabbling or 
>revolution.

Does that match your understanding? It covers what I know of semitic and 
Indo-European city states, but I’m not sure how it applies to Inuit (eskimo) 
and polynesian cultures that were more dispersed.

>From this perspective, the Problem of Evil is really an extremely profound and 
>personal one:
I want to be me, and maintain my sense of self
Other people periodically violate that sense of self
The human systems I am embedded in do an inadequate job of redressing those 
wrongs
What else is out there? Is it any better?

Does that make sense?  Does that capture your question?

And have you found an answer that works for you?

Love,
Ernie



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