Github user JoshRosen commented on a diff in the pull request:
https://github.com/apache/spark/pull/4956#discussion_r26088133
--- Diff: docs/streaming-programming-guide.md ---
@@ -1933,17 +2057,24 @@ The following table summarizes the semantics under
failures:
</tr>
</table>
+### With Kafka Direct API
+{:.no_toc}
+In Spark 1.3, we have introduced a new Kafka Direct API, which can ensure
that all the Kafka data is received by Spark Streaming exactly once. Along with
this, if you implement exactly-once output operation, you can achieve
end-to-end exactly-once guarantees. This approach (experimental as of Spark
1.3) is further discussed in the [Kafka Integration
Guide](stream-kafka-integration.html).
+
## Semantics of output operations
{:.no_toc}
-Since all data is modeled as RDDs with their lineage of deterministic
operations, any recomputation
- always leads to the same result. As a result, all DStream transformations
are guaranteed to have
- _exactly-once_ semantics. That is, the final transformed result will be
same even if there were
- was a worker node failure. However, output operations (like `foreachRDD`)
have _at-least once_
- semantics, that is, the transformed data may get written to an external
entity more than once in
- the event of a worker failure. While this is acceptable for saving to
HDFS using the
- `saveAs***Files` operations (as the file will simply get over-written by
the same data),
- additional transactions-like mechanisms may be necessary to achieve
exactly-once semantics
- for output operations.
+Output operations (like `foreachRDD`) have _at-least once_ semantics, that
is,
+the transformed data may get written to an external entity more than once
in
+the event of a worker failure. While this is acceptable for saving to file
systems using the
+`saveAs***Files` operations (as the file will simply get over-written with
the same data),
--- End diff --
overwritten doesn't need to be hyphenated.
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