ueshin commented on code in PR #47884:
URL: https://github.com/apache/spark/pull/47884#discussion_r1735198983


##########
sql/core/src/main/scala/org/apache/spark/sql/catalyst/analysis/ResolveTranspose.scala:
##########
@@ -0,0 +1,183 @@
+/*
+ * Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one or more
+ * contributor license agreements.  See the NOTICE file distributed with
+ * this work for additional information regarding copyright ownership.
+ * The ASF licenses this file to You under the Apache License, Version 2.0
+ * (the "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance with
+ * the License.  You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *    http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+
+package org.apache.spark.sql.catalyst.analysis
+
+import org.apache.spark.sql.AnalysisException
+import org.apache.spark.sql.SparkSession
+import org.apache.spark.sql.catalyst.InternalRow
+import org.apache.spark.sql.catalyst.expressions.{Alias, Ascending, Attribute, 
AttributeReference, Cast, IsNotNull, Literal, SortOrder}
+import org.apache.spark.sql.catalyst.plans.logical.{Filter, Limit, 
LocalRelation, LogicalPlan, Project, Sort, Transpose}
+import org.apache.spark.sql.catalyst.rules.Rule
+import org.apache.spark.sql.catalyst.trees.TreePattern
+import org.apache.spark.sql.internal.SQLConf
+import org.apache.spark.sql.types.{AtomicType, DataType, StringType}
+import org.apache.spark.unsafe.types.UTF8String
+
+
+class ResolveTranspose(sparkSession: SparkSession) extends Rule[LogicalPlan] {
+
+  private def leastCommonType(dataTypes: Seq[DataType]): DataType = {
+    if (dataTypes.isEmpty) {
+      StringType
+    } else {
+      dataTypes.reduce { (dt1, dt2) =>
+        TypeCoercion.findTightestCommonType(dt1, dt2).getOrElse {
+          throw new AnalysisException(
+            errorClass = "TRANSPOSE_NO_LEAST_COMMON_TYPE",
+            messageParameters = Map(
+              "dt1" -> dt1.toString,
+              "dt2" -> dt2.toString)
+          )
+        }
+      }
+    }
+  }
+
+  private def transposeMatrix(
+      fullCollectedRows: Array[InternalRow],
+      nonIndexColumnNames: Seq[String],
+      nonIndexColumnDataTypes: Seq[DataType]): Array[Array[Any]] = {
+    val numTransposedRows = fullCollectedRows.head.numFields - 1
+    val numTransposedCols = fullCollectedRows.length + 1
+    val finalMatrix = Array.ofDim[Any](numTransposedRows, numTransposedCols)
+
+    // Example of the original DataFrame:
+    // +---+-----+-----+
+    // | id|col1 |col2 |
+    // +---+-----+-----+
+    // |  1|  10 |  20 |
+    // |  2|  30 |  40 |
+    // +---+-----+-----+
+    //
+    // After transposition, the finalMatrix will look like:
+    // [
+    //   ["col1", 10, 30],  // Transposed row for col1
+    //   ["col2", 20, 40]   // Transposed row for col2
+    // ]
+
+    for (i <- 0 until numTransposedRows) {
+      // Insert non-index column name as the first element in each transposed 
row
+      finalMatrix(i)(0) = UTF8String.fromString(nonIndexColumnNames(i))
+
+      for (j <- 1 until numTransposedCols) {
+        // Insert the transposed data
+
+        // Example: If j = 2, then row = fullCollectedRows(1)
+        // This corresponds to the second row of the original DataFrame: 
InternalRow(2, 30, 40)
+        val row = fullCollectedRows(j - 1)
+
+        // Example: If i = 0 (for "col1"), and j = 2,
+        // then finalMatrix(0)(2) corresponds to row.get(1, 
nonIndexColumnDataTypes(0)),
+        // which accesses the value 30 from InternalRow(2, 30, 40)
+        finalMatrix(i)(j) = row.get(i + 1, nonIndexColumnDataTypes(i))
+      }
+    }
+    finalMatrix
+  }
+
+  override def apply(plan: LogicalPlan): LogicalPlan = 
plan.resolveOperatorsWithPruning(
+    _.containsPattern(TreePattern.UNRESOLVED_TRANSPOSE)) {
+    case t @ UnresolvedTranspose(indexColumn, child) if indexColumn.resolved 
&& child.resolved =>
+
+      // Cast the index column to StringType
+      val indexColumnAsString = indexColumn match {
+        case attr: Attribute if attr.dataType.isInstanceOf[AtomicType] =>
+          Alias(Cast(attr, StringType), attr.name)()
+        case attr: Attribute =>
+          throw new AnalysisException(
+            errorClass = "INVALID_INDEX_COLUMN",
+            messageParameters = Map(
+              "reason" -> s"Index column must be of atomic type, but found: 
${attr.dataType}")
+          )
+        case _ =>
+          throw new AnalysisException(
+            errorClass = "INVALID_INDEX_COLUMN",
+            messageParameters = Map(
+              "reason" -> s"Index column must be an atomic attribute")
+          )
+      }
+
+      // Cast non-index columns to the least common type
+      val nonIndexColumnsAttr = child.output.filterNot(
+        _.exprId == indexColumn.asInstanceOf[Attribute].exprId)
+      val nonIndexTypes = nonIndexColumnsAttr.map(_.dataType)
+      val commonType = leastCommonType(nonIndexTypes)
+      val nonIndexColumnsAsLCT = nonIndexColumnsAttr.map { attr =>
+        Alias(Cast(attr, commonType), attr.name)()
+      }
+
+      // Exclude nulls and sort index column values, and collect the casted 
frame
+      val allCastCols = indexColumnAsString +: nonIndexColumnsAsLCT
+      val nonNullChild = Filter(IsNotNull(indexColumn), child)
+      val sortedChild = Sort(
+        Seq(SortOrder(indexColumn.asInstanceOf[Attribute], Ascending)),
+        global = true,
+        nonNullChild
+      )
+      val projectAllCastCols = Project(allCastCols, sortedChild)
+      val maxValues = 
sparkSession.sessionState.conf.dataFrameTransposeMaxValues
+      val limit = Literal(maxValues + 1)
+      val limitedProject = Limit(limit, projectAllCastCols)
+      val queryExecution = 
sparkSession.sessionState.executePlan(limitedProject)
+      val fullCollectedRows = queryExecution.executedPlan.executeCollect()
+
+      if (fullCollectedRows.isEmpty) {
+        // Return a DataFrame with a single column "key" containing non-index 
column names
+        val keyAttr = AttributeReference("key", StringType, nullable = false)()
+        val keyValues = nonIndexColumnsAttr.map(
+          _.name).map(name => UTF8String.fromString(name))
+        val keyRows = keyValues.map(value => InternalRow(value))
+
+        LocalRelation(Seq(keyAttr), keyRows)
+      } else {
+        val rowCount = fullCollectedRows.length
+        if (rowCount > maxValues) {
+          throw new AnalysisException(
+            errorClass = "EXCEED_ROW_LIMIT",
+            messageParameters = Map(
+              "maxValues" -> maxValues.toString,
+              "config" -> SQLConf.DATAFRAME_TRANSPOSE_MAX_VALUES.key))
+        }
+
+        // Transpose the matrix
+        val nonIndexColumnNames = nonIndexColumnsAttr.map(_.name)
+        val nonIndexColumnDataTypes = projectAllCastCols.output.tail.map(attr 
=> attr.dataType)
+        val transposedMatrix = transposeMatrix(
+          fullCollectedRows, nonIndexColumnNames, nonIndexColumnDataTypes)
+        val transposedInternalRows = transposedMatrix.map { row =>
+          InternalRow.fromSeq(row.toIndexedSeq)
+        }
+
+        // Construct output attributes
+        val keyAttr = AttributeReference("key", StringType, nullable = false)()
+        val transposedColumnNames = fullCollectedRows.map { row => 
row.getString(0) }
+        val valueAttrs = transposedColumnNames.map { value =>
+          AttributeReference(
+            value,
+            commonType
+          )()
+        }
+
+        val hasNonIndexColumns = nonIndexColumnsAttr.nonEmpty
+        val transposeOutput = (keyAttr +: valueAttrs).toIndexedSeq
+        val transposeData = transposedInternalRows.toIndexedSeq
+        println("are we here 2")

Review Comment:
   remove this?



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