sunchao commented on code in PR #57576:
URL: https://github.com/apache/spark/pull/57576#discussion_r3675946993


##########
sql/catalyst/src/main/scala/org/apache/spark/sql/catalyst/optimizer/CombineApproximatePercentiles.scala:
##########
@@ -0,0 +1,139 @@
+/*
+ * Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one or more
+ * contributor license agreements.  See the NOTICE file distributed with
+ * this work for additional information regarding copyright ownership.
+ * The ASF licenses this file to You under the Apache License, Version 2.0
+ * (the "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance with
+ * the License.  You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *    http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+
+package org.apache.spark.sql.catalyst.optimizer
+
+import scala.collection.mutable
+
+import org.apache.spark.sql.catalyst.expressions.{CreateArray, Expression, 
ExprId, GetArrayItem, Literal, NamedExpression}
+import 
org.apache.spark.sql.catalyst.expressions.aggregate.{AggregateExpression, 
AggregateMode, ApproximatePercentile}
+import org.apache.spark.sql.catalyst.plans.logical.{Aggregate, LogicalPlan}
+import org.apache.spark.sql.catalyst.rules.Rule
+import org.apache.spark.sql.catalyst.trees.TreePattern.AGGREGATE
+import org.apache.spark.sql.types.DoubleType
+
+/**
+ * Combines scalar approximate percentiles that can share the same percentile 
digest.
+ *
+ * An approximate percentile digest depends on its input, accuracy, filter, 
distinctness, and
+ * aggregate mode, but not on the percentile requested from the completed 
digest. Consequently,
+ * compatible scalar percentiles can be calculated by one array-valued 
aggregate and projected
+ * back to their original scalar outputs.
+ *
+ * Inputs and filters must retain their original expression structure so that 
floating-point
+ * evaluation and ANSI overflow behavior are preserved. Streaming aggregates 
are left unchanged
+ * to preserve the value schemas of existing checkpoints.
+ */
+object CombineApproximatePercentiles extends Rule[LogicalPlan] {
+
+  private case class CompatibilityKey(
+      child: Expression,
+      accuracy: Long,
+      mode: AggregateMode,
+      isDistinct: Boolean,
+      filter: Option[Expression])
+
+  private case class PhysicalCompatibilityKey(
+      child: Expression,
+      accuracy: Expression,
+      mode: AggregateMode,
+      isDistinct: Boolean,
+      filter: Option[Expression])
+
+  private def physicalCompatibilityKey(
+      key: CompatibilityKey,
+      accuracy: Expression): PhysicalCompatibilityKey = 
PhysicalCompatibilityKey(
+    key.child.canonicalized,
+    accuracy.canonicalized,
+    key.mode,
+    key.isDistinct,
+    key.filter.map(_.canonicalized))
+
+  override def apply(plan: LogicalPlan): LogicalPlan = 
plan.transformUpWithPruning(
+    _.containsPattern(AGGREGATE), ruleId) {
+    case aggregate: Aggregate if aggregate.resolved && !aggregate.isStreaming 
=>
+      combine(aggregate)
+  }
+
+  private def combine(aggregate: Aggregate): Aggregate = {
+    val compatible = mutable.LinkedHashMap.empty[
+      CompatibilityKey, mutable.ArrayBuffer[AggregateExpression]]
+    val physicalCompatibilityKeys = mutable.HashMap.empty[
+      PhysicalCompatibilityKey, mutable.HashSet[CompatibilityKey]]
+    val arrayPercentiles = mutable.ArrayBuffer.empty[AggregateExpression]
+
+    aggregate.aggregateExpressions.foreach(_.foreach {
+      case expression @ AggregateExpression(
+          percentile: ApproximatePercentile, mode, isDistinct, filter, _)
+          if percentile.child.deterministic &&
+            filter.forall(_.deterministic) =>
+        val key = CompatibilityKey(
+          percentile.child,
+          percentile.accuracyExpression.eval().asInstanceOf[Number].longValue,
+          mode,
+          isDistinct,
+          filter)
+        physicalCompatibilityKeys.getOrElseUpdate(
+          physicalCompatibilityKey(key, percentile.accuracyExpression),
+          mutable.HashSet.empty) += key
+        if (percentile.percentageExpression.dataType == DoubleType) {
+          compatible.getOrElseUpdate(key, mutable.ArrayBuffer.empty) += 
expression
+        } else {
+          arrayPercentiles += expression
+        }
+      case _ =>
+    })
+
+    val replacements = mutable.HashMap.empty[ExprId, (AggregateExpression, 
Int)]
+    compatible.iterator.filter { case (key, expressions) =>
+      expressions.sizeCompare(1) > 0 && expressions.forall { expression =>

Review Comment:
   Thanks, good catch. I changed the gate to use the same canonical aggregate 
groups that `PhysicalAggregation` already shares, rather than merely counting 
logical expressions. After deduplicating repeated `resultId`s, fusion now 
requires more than one physical group: `p50, p50` stays unfused, while `p50, 
p50, p90` still fuses because it removes a real digest. Canonical groups whose 
percentage expressions evaluate differently are rejected as well. I added 
optimizer and physical-plan regressions for these cases.



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