szehon-ho commented on code in PR #57722:
URL: https://github.com/apache/spark/pull/57722#discussion_r3715659760


##########
sql/pipelines/src/main/scala/org/apache/spark/sql/pipelines/graph/DataflowGraph.scala:
##########
@@ -170,14 +171,20 @@ case class DataflowGraph(
   /**
    * A map of the inferred schema of each table, computed by merging the 
analyzed schemas
    * of all flows writing to that table.
+   *
+   * The merge honors the session's `spark.sql.caseSensitive`: under 
case-insensitive analysis two
+   * flows emitting column names that differ only in case contribute a single 
column (the first
+   * flow's spelling wins) rather than both, which would otherwise produce a 
target schema the
+   * engine's own resolver cannot disambiguate.
    */
   lazy val inferredSchema: Map[TableIdentifier, StructType] = {
+    val caseSensitive = 
SparkSession.active.sessionState.conf.caseSensitiveAnalysis

Review Comment:
   On the shorter-form question: `SQLConf.get.caseSensitiveAnalysis` is the 
usual shorthand for this, but I would avoid it at this spot -- with no active 
session it falls back to a thread-local default `SQLConf` rather than failing 
(documented on `SQLConf.get`, `SQLConf.scala:251`), and since 
`spark.sql.caseSensitive` defaults to false that turns a missing session into 
silently case-insensitive merging.
   
   The flow's own session looks like the better source, and there is precedent 
in this package: `AutoCdcAuxiliaryTable.scala:146` reads 
`inputAutoCdcFlow.df.sparkSession.sessionState.conf.resolver`. Here 
`inferredSchema` already has the resolved flow in hand and `ResolvedFlow` 
exposes `df` (`Flow.scala:214`), so the flag can come from the session that 
actually produced the schema being merged.
   
   That also closes the per-flow gap rather than relocating it. Per the 
`analyze` scaladoc (`FlowAnalysis.scala:83-86`), a flow's SQL confs are 
installed on the analyzing thread via `SQLConf.withExistingConf`, so a flow's 
schema is produced under the flow's own conf -- but `inferredSchema` runs 
outside that scope, so `SparkSession.active` (and `SQLConf.get` equally) see 
the ambient session's conf instead.
   
   Threading `caseSensitive` in as a parameter from a caller that already holds 
a session would be cleaner still -- materialization already has `context.spark` 
at `DatasetManager.scala:401`.



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