pratham76 commented on code in PR #58656:
URL: https://github.com/apache/spark/pull/58656#discussion_r4056572174


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sql/catalyst/src/main/scala/org/apache/spark/sql/catalyst/optimizer/subquery.scala:
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@@ -450,10 +471,100 @@ object RewritePredicateSubquery extends 
Rule[LogicalPlan] with PredicateHelper {
             ExistenceJoin(exists), newConditions, joinHint)
           introducedAttrs += exists
           exists
+        // A sub-query that `canRewrite` declined is left as it is, children 
included.
+        case sq @ (_: Exists | Not(_: InSubquery) | _: InSubquery) => sq
+        case other => other.mapChildren(rewrite)
       }
     }
+    val newExprs = exprs.map(rewrite)
     (newExprs.reduceOption(And), newPlan, introducedAttrs.toSeq)
   }
+
+  /**
+   * Returns true if `e` references any of the attributes produced by `plan`.
+   */
+  private def referencesPlan(e: Expression, plan: LogicalPlan): Boolean = {
+    e.references.intersect(plan.outputSet).nonEmpty
+  }
+
+  /**
+   * Rewrites the existential sub-queries that are nested in the correlated 
predicates which
+   * [[PullupCorrelatedPredicates]] hoisted out of a predicate sub-query, and 
which therefore end
+   * up in the condition of the semi/anti join that replaces that sub-query.
+   *
+   * A hoisted predicate can carry a nested existential sub-query out of the 
sub-query plan,
+   * because a correlated predicate is hoisted as a whole when it is a 
disjunction. For example
+   *
+   *   SELECT * FROM t1 WHERE EXISTS (
+   *     SELECT 1 FROM t2 WHERE t1.a = t2.c1 OR t2.c1 IN (SELECT col1 FROM t3))
+   *
+   * hoists `a = c1 OR c1 IN (SELECT col1 FROM t3)` into the join condition. 
Such a nested
+   * sub-query must be rewritten against the plan that produces the attributes 
it references:
+   * the one above references `c1`, which is produced by the sub-query plan 
and not by the outer
+   * plan, so its existence join has to be built on top of the sub-query plan. 
Building it on top
+   * of the outer plan instead yields a join whose condition references an 
attribute that neither
+   * of its children can produce (SPARK-59351).
+   *
+   * A nested sub-query that references both plans cannot be rewritten into an 
existence join on
+   * either side, so it is left in the join condition, where both plans are in 
scope. This is only
+   * correct for an uncorrelated sub-query: the join condition of a correlated 
one is dropped when
+   * it is planned as an in-subquery filter, which would silently change the 
result, so it is
+   * reported as unsupported instead. Note that such a sub-query can be 
correlated only to the
+   * sub-query plan, as being correlated to the outer plan as well would 
require two levels of
+   * correlation, which the Analyzer rejects.
+   *
+   * Returns the rewritten condition along with the updated outer and 
sub-query plans.
+   */
+  private def rewriteExistentialExprInJoinCondition(
+      conditions: Seq[Expression],
+      outerPlan: LogicalPlan,
+      subPlan: LogicalPlan): (Option[Expression], LogicalPlan, LogicalPlan) = {
+    val (subCond, newSubPlan) =
+      rewriteExistentialExprInSubqueryPlan(conditions, outerPlan, subPlan)
+    // The sub-queries that do not reference the sub-query plan are rewritten 
against the outer
+    // plan, as they only reference attributes of the outer plan, if any.
+    val (newCond, newOuterPlan, _) = rewriteExistentialExprWithAttrs(
+      subCond.toSeq, outerPlan, e => !referencesPlan(e, subPlan))
+    (newCond, newOuterPlan, newSubPlan)
+  }
+
+  /**
+   * Rewrites the existential sub-queries in `conditions` that can only be 
evaluated by the
+   * sub-query plan, that is those referencing the sub-query plan but not the 
outer plan, into
+   * existence joins on top of the sub-query plan. See
+   * [[rewriteExistentialExprInJoinCondition]] for details.
+   *
+   * Returns the rewritten condition along with the updated sub-query plan.
+   */
+  private def rewriteExistentialExprInSubqueryPlan(
+      conditions: Seq[Expression],
+      outerPlan: LogicalPlan,
+      subPlan: LogicalPlan): (Option[Expression], LogicalPlan) = {
+    // A correlated sub-query referencing both plans has to stay in the join 
condition, where its
+    // own join condition is lost, so reject it rather than silently return a 
wrong result.
+    val unsupported = conditions.flatMap(_.collect {

Review Comment:
   Deliberate, and the comment now says so, close to your wording: a correlated 
subquery hidden under a
   declined one would equally be planned without its join condition or reach 
execution unevaluable, so
   it must be rejected even though nothing would have rewritten it. Agreed that 
narrowing the scan to
   match the rewrite is the worse direction.
   
   



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