cloud-fan commented on code in PR #58856:
URL: https://github.com/apache/spark/pull/58856#discussion_r4113741401


##########
sql/catalyst/src/main/scala/org/apache/spark/sql/catalyst/analysis/resolver/Resolver.scala:
##########
@@ -78,6 +78,10 @@ import org.apache.spark.sql.errors.{QueryCompilationErrors, 
QueryErrorsBase}
  *   relation operators in [[MetadataResolver]].
  * @param externalRelationResolution An optional [[RelationResolution]] with 
to override the default
  *   one. The default is constructed using 
[[Resolver.createRelationResolution]].
+ * @param hintResolutionRules Single-pass hint resolution rules, applied 
before relation metadata
+ *   is resolved. Defaults to the fixed-point Analyzer's 
`injectHintResolutionRule` sequence;

Review Comment:
   **Nit (P3):** `hintResolutionRules` does not default to the Analyzer's 
registered sequence here: the constructor below defaults it to `Seq.empty`, and 
only HybridAnalyzer supplies `singlePassHintResolutionRules` explicitly. Please 
describe the direct constructor default separately from the Analyzer-level 
default that HybridAnalyzer propagates.
   
   **Verification:**
   - **Inspection:** Compare the parameter text with the constructor default 
expression and HybridAnalyzer call site and confirm that each default is 
attributed to its actual owner.



##########
sql/catalyst/src/main/scala/org/apache/spark/sql/catalyst/analysis/resolver/HintResolutionRunner.scala:
##########
@@ -0,0 +1,141 @@
+/*
+ * Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one or more
+ * contributor license agreements.  See the NOTICE file distributed with
+ * this work for additional information regarding copyright ownership.
+ * The ASF licenses this file to You under the Apache License, Version 2.0
+ * (the "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance with
+ * the License.  You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *    http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+
+package org.apache.spark.sql.catalyst.analysis.resolver
+
+import org.apache.spark.sql.catalyst.SQLConfHelper
+import org.apache.spark.sql.catalyst.analysis.ResolveHints
+import org.apache.spark.sql.catalyst.expressions.SubqueryExpression
+import org.apache.spark.sql.catalyst.plans.logical.{AnalysisHelper, 
LogicalPlan, UnresolvedWith}
+import org.apache.spark.sql.catalyst.rules.{Rule, RuleExecutor}
+import org.apache.spark.sql.catalyst.trees.CurrentOrigin
+import org.apache.spark.sql.catalyst.trees.TreePattern.{PLAN_EXPRESSION, 
UNRESOLVED_WITH}
+import org.apache.spark.sql.internal.SQLConf
+
+/**
+ * Utility wrapper on top of [[RuleExecutor]], used to apply the hint 
resolution rules injected
+ * through `SparkSessionExtensions.injectHintResolutionRule` on the unresolved 
plan.
+ *
+ * The fixed-point Analyzer runs these rules in its "Hints" batch, which 
completes before the
+ * "Resolution" batch, so the rules always observe an unresolved plan. The 
single-pass Resolver
+ * has to run them before the [[MetadataResolver]] pre-pass for the same 
reason: the pre-pass
+ * resolves relation metadata eagerly (which, for path-based relations, lists 
files), therefore
+ * rules that rewrite [[UnresolvedRelation]]s have to run ahead of it.
+ *
+ * The "Disable Hints" batch precedes the "Hints" batch, exactly like in the 
fixed-point Analyzer,
+ * so that `spark.sql.optimizer.disableHints` keeps hiding the hints from the 
injected rules.
+ *
+ * The rules are applied on the main plan, the CTE definitions and the 
subquery plans. The
+ * fixed-point Analyzer covers those same subtrees, through two different 
mechanisms:
+ *  - `CTESubstitution` merges the CTE definitions into the main plan in the 
"Substitution" batch,
+ *    which runs before the "Hints" batch, so the rules observe them as part 
of the main plan;
+ *  - subquery plans are resolved by `ResolveSubquery` re-entering the whole 
Analyzer through
+ *    `executeSameContext`, which replays every batch, "Hints" included.
+ *
+ * View bodies are covered for the same reason: the fixed-point Analyzer 
resolves them by
+ * re-entering the Analyzer (`ViewResolution.resolve` is called with 
`executeSameContext`), and the
+ * single-pass Resolver calls [[Resolver.lookupMetadataAndResolve]], and 
therefore this runner, once
+ * per unresolved [[View]].
+ */
+class HintResolutionRunner(hintResolutionRules: Seq[Rule[LogicalPlan]])
+    extends ResolverMetricTracker
+    with SQLConfHelper {
+
+  private lazy val hintResolver = new RuleExecutor[LogicalPlan] {
+    override def batches: Seq[Batch] =
+      Seq(
+        Batch("Disable Hints", Once, new ResolveHints.DisableHints),
+        Batch(
+          "Hints",
+          FixedPoint(
+            conf.analyzerMaxIterations,
+            errorOnExceed = true,
+            maxIterationsSetting = SQLConf.ANALYZER_MAX_ITERATIONS.key
+          ),
+          hintResolutionRules: _*
+        )
+      )
+  }
+
+  /**
+   * Applies the hint resolution rules by first recursing into the CTE 
definitions and the
+   * subqueries and then applying the rules on the entire plan. No rules are 
injected by default,
+   * in which case the plan is returned as is and the [[RuleExecutor]] is 
never constructed
+   * (`hintResolver` is lazy). That also skips the "Disable Hints" batch, 
which only matters for
+   * plans that still carry an [[UnresolvedHint]] - a shape the single-pass 
Resolver does not
+   * support in the first place.
+   *
+   * The recursion needs [[AnalysisHelper.allowInvokingTransformsInAnalyzer]] 
to rewrite the inner
+   * plans, so the rules are invoked within its scope, like the rewrite rules 
in [[PlanRewriter]].
+   */
+  def resolveWithSubqueries(plan: LogicalPlan): LogicalPlan = {
+    if (hintResolutionRules.isEmpty) {
+      plan
+    } else {
+      recordProfile("resolveWithSubqueries") {
+        AnalysisHelper.allowInvokingTransformsInAnalyzer {
+          doResolveWithSubqueries(plan)
+        }
+      }
+    }
+  }
+
+  private def doResolveWithSubqueries(plan: LogicalPlan): LogicalPlan = {
+    val planWithResolvedCteDefinitions = resolveCteDefinitions(plan)
+
+    val planWithResolvedSubqueries =
+      planWithResolvedCteDefinitions.transformAllExpressionsWithPruning(
+        _.containsPattern(PLAN_EXPRESSION)
+      ) {
+        case subqueryExpression: SubqueryExpression =>
+          
subqueryExpression.withNewPlan(doResolveWithSubqueries(subqueryExpression.plan))

Review Comment:
   **Non-blocking (P2):** This recursive call fully applies the injected batch 
to each current subquery before the containing plan reaches `hintResolver`, 
which is the reverse of fixed-point Analyzer's Hints-before-ResolveSubquery 
order. It also fixes the subquery inventory before outer rules run, so a 
`SubqueryExpression` created by an injected rule later reaches 
`Resolver.resolve` without another hint pass. Order-sensitive extensions can 
therefore produce a different forced-single-pass plan or dual-run mismatch, and 
rule-created subqueries can resolve relations without the registered rewrite.
   
   **Verification:**
   - **Regression:** Exercise an order-sensitive injected rule and prove that 
the containing plan observes an unprocessed subquery in both analyzer paths.
   - **Regression:** Exercise an injected rule that creates a subquery whose 
relation requires a subsequent injected rewrite, and prove the nested rewrite 
occurs before metadata lookup.
   - **Compatibility:** Preserve existing behavior for main plans, pre-existing 
nested CTEs and subqueries, fixed-point iteration limits, disabled hints, and 
CTE alias origin and tags.



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