viirya commented on code in PR #59786:
URL: https://github.com/apache/spark/pull/59786#discussion_r4386262306


##########
sql/core/src/main/scala/org/apache/spark/sql/execution/python/PythonArrowOutput.scala:
##########
@@ -265,47 +265,85 @@ class SliceBytesArrowOutputProcessorImpl(
     arrowMaxBytesPerOutputBatch: Int)
   extends BaseSliceArrowOutputProcessor(reader, pythonMetrics) {
 
+  // The number of rows from which the search for the next slice of the 
current batch starts.
+  private var sliceRowCount = 0
+
   protected override def getRoot: VectorSchemaRoot = {
-    // Output the whole root only if no row of this batch has been output yet.
-    if (currentRowIdx == 0 && getBatchBytes(root) < 
arrowMaxBytesPerOutputBatch) {
-      currentRowIdx = rowCount
-      root
-    } else {
-      // We iteratively slice the batch by 90% until we reach a batch with 
required byte size.
-      // If we cannot have it even with one single row, we will output a batch 
with one row.
-      var rootSlice = root
-      val stepRatio = 0.9
-      var sliceBatchCount = rowCount - currentRowIdx
-
-      while (sliceBatchCount > 0) {
-        rootSlice = root.slice(currentRowIdx, sliceBatchCount)
-        val batchBytes = getBatchBytes(rootSlice)
-        if (batchBytes < arrowMaxBytesPerOutputBatch) {
-          currentRowIdx = currentRowIdx + rootSlice.getRowCount
-
-          return rootSlice
-        } else {
-          rootSlice.close()
-          sliceBatchCount = (sliceBatchCount * stepRatio).toInt
-        }
+    if (currentRowIdx == 0) {
+      // Output the whole root if it fits, which happens only if no row of it 
has been output yet.
+      if (batchBytes(root) <= arrowMaxBytesPerOutputBatch) {
+        currentRowIdx = rowCount
+        return root
       }
-      // If the batch size is still too large, we need to slice it down to a 
single row.
-      // Normally, this should not happen, but it is possible if the data is 
very large.
-      if (sliceBatchCount == 0) {
-        sliceBatchCount = 1
+      sliceRowCount = (rowCount * 
SliceBytesArrowOutputProcessorImpl.stepRatio).toInt
+    }
+    // We iteratively shrink the slice by 10% until it fits. Each search 
starts from the number of
+    // rows that would fit at the bytes per row of the last slice that fit, 
rather than from all
+    // the remaining rows, since a slice that does not start at row 0 usually 
copies its offset
+    // buffers, and restarting from all the remaining rows would copy them 
again and again.
+    var numRows = math.min(sliceRowCount, rowCount - currentRowIdx)
+    while (numRows > 0) {
+      val rootSlice = root.slice(currentRowIdx, numRows)
+      val bytes = batchBytes(rootSlice)
+      if (bytes <= arrowMaxBytesPerOutputBatch) {
+        // Never below `numRows`, so the next slice can grow again after a run 
of large rows.
+        val estimate = numRows.toLong * arrowMaxBytesPerOutputBatch / 
math.max(bytes, 1L)
+        sliceRowCount = math.min(estimate, Int.MaxValue).toInt
+        currentRowIdx += numRows
+        return rootSlice
       }
-      rootSlice = root.slice(currentRowIdx, sliceBatchCount)
-      currentRowIdx = currentRowIdx + rootSlice.getRowCount
-      rootSlice
+      rootSlice.close()
+      numRows = (numRows * SliceBytesArrowOutputProcessorImpl.stepRatio).toInt
     }
+    // Even a single row is larger than the limit, so we output a batch with 
that one row.
+    // Normally, this should not happen, but it is possible if the data is 
very large. The next
+    // search starts from where this one did, since the next rows may be much 
smaller.
+    val rootSlice = root.slice(currentRowIdx, 1)
+    currentRowIdx += 1
+    rootSlice
   }
 
-  private def getBatchBytes(root: VectorSchemaRoot): Long = {
-    var batchBytes = 0L
-    root.getFieldVectors.asScala.foreach { vector =>
-      batchBytes += vector.getBufferSize
-    }
-    batchBytes
+  private[python] def batchBytes(root: VectorSchemaRoot): Long = {
+    
root.getFieldVectors.asScala.map(SliceBytesArrowOutputProcessorImpl.bufferSize).sum
+  }
+}
+
+object SliceBytesArrowOutputProcessorImpl {
+  private val stepRatio = 0.9
+
+  /**
+   * Returns the size in bytes of the buffers of `vector`, like 
`ValueVector.getBufferSize` but as
+   * a Long. `getBufferSize` computes the size in int, so it wraps around for 
a vector over 2 GiB,

Review Comment:
   Added "A large variable-width vector computes it in Long but caps it at 
Int.MaxValue instead."



##########
sql/core/src/test/scala/org/apache/spark/sql/execution/python/PythonArrowOutputSuite.scala:
##########
@@ -145,7 +152,194 @@ class PythonArrowOutputSuite extends SparkFunSuite {
       checkAllRowsOnceInOrder(batchSizes, output)
       // Guards the choice of cases: each has a batch that does not fit, which 
must be sliced.
       assert(output.size > batchSizes.size)
-      assert(output.forall { case (rows, bytes) => rows.size <= 1 || bytes < 
maxBytes })
+      assert(output.forall { case (rows, bytes) => rows.size <= 1 || bytes <= 
maxBytes })
     }
   }
+
+  private def newSliceBytesProcessor(maxBytes: Int)
+    : (ArrowStreamReader, Map[String, SQLMetric]) => ArrowOutputProcessor =
+    (reader, metrics) => new SliceBytesArrowOutputProcessorImpl(reader, 
metrics, maxBytes)
+
+  test("SPARK-60395: slice by bytes: a batch whose size equals the limit is 
not sliced") {
+    val batchSizes = Seq(50, 50)
+    val batchBytes = readAll(batchSizes, new ArrowOutputProcessorImpl(_, 
_)).map(_._2)
+    assert(batchBytes.distinct.size === 2)
+    val maxBytes = batchBytes.max.toInt
+    val output = readAll(batchSizes, newSliceBytesProcessor(maxBytes))
+    checkAllRowsOnceInOrder(batchSizes, output)
+    assert(output.map(_._1.size) === batchSizes)
+    // One byte less, the larger batch is sliced.
+    val sliced = readAll(batchSizes, newSliceBytesProcessor(maxBytes - 1))
+    checkAllRowsOnceInOrder(batchSizes, sliced)
+    assert(sliced.size > batchSizes.size)
+    assert(sliced.forall(_._2 <= maxBytes - 1))
+  }
+
+  test("SPARK-60395: slice by bytes: each search does not restart from all 
remaining rows") {
+    val batchSizes = Seq(2000)
+    val maxBytes = (readAll(batchSizes, new ArrowOutputProcessorImpl(_, 
_)).head._2 / 50).toInt
+    var measured = 0
+    val output = readAll(batchSizes, (reader, metrics) =>
+      new SliceBytesArrowOutputProcessorImpl(reader, metrics, maxBytes) {
+        override private[python] def batchBytes(root: VectorSchemaRoot): Long 
= {
+          measured += 1
+          super.batchBytes(root)
+        }
+      })
+    checkAllRowsOnceInOrder(batchSizes, output)
+    assert(output.forall { case (rows, bytes) => rows.size <= 1 || bytes <= 
maxBytes })
+    assert(output.size >= 50)
+    // The whole batch and the first search take about log(50) / log(1 / 0.9) 
= 38 measurements,
+    // and each later slice one, or a few more where its rows are larger. 
Restarting every search
+    // from all the remaining rows would take hundreds.
+    assert(measured <= 40 + 2 * output.size, s"$measured measurements for 
${output.size} slices")
+  }
+
+  /**
+   * Slices `batchSizes` by bytes, where a row whose `id` is i takes 
`rowBytes(i)` bytes, and
+   * returns the number of rows of every output batch.
+   */
+  private def sliceRowCounts(batchSizes: Seq[Int], maxBytes: Int)(rowBytes: 
Long => Long)
+    : Seq[Int] = {
+    val output = readAll(batchSizes, (reader, metrics) =>
+      new SliceBytesArrowOutputProcessorImpl(reader, metrics, maxBytes) {
+        override private[python] def batchBytes(root: VectorSchemaRoot): Long 
= {
+          val ids = root.getVector("id").asInstanceOf[BigIntVector]
+          (0 until root.getRowCount).map(i => rowBytes(ids.get(i))).sum
+        }
+      })
+    checkAllRowsOnceInOrder(batchSizes, output)
+    output.map(_._1.size)
+  }
+
+  test("SPARK-60395: slice by bytes: number of rows of each slice") {
+    // The first search goes 45, 40, 36, ..., 11, 9 rows, and later searches 
start from the rows
+    // that would fit at the bytes per row of the last slice, here 10, which 
fits exactly.
+    assert(sliceRowCounts(Seq(50), 1000)(_ => 100) === Seq(9, 10, 10, 10, 10, 
1))
+    // Row 0 alone is larger than the limit, which does not keep the other 
slices at one row.
+    assert(sliceRowCounts(Seq(1000), 1000)(i => if (i == 0) 5000 else 10) ===
+      Seq(1, 94) ++ Seq.fill(9)(100) ++ Seq(5))
+    // Slices grow again after the large rows.
+    assert(sliceRowCounts(Seq(1000), 1000)(i => if (i < 10) 500 else 10) ===
+      Seq.fill(6)(2) ++ Seq.fill(9)(100) ++ Seq(88))
+    // Every row is larger than the limit.
+    assert(sliceRowCounts(Seq(3, 0, 2), 1000)(_ => 2000) === Seq(1, 1, 1, 0, 
1, 1))
+  }
+
+  test("SPARK-60395: bufferSize matches getBufferSize of vectors below 2 GiB") 
{
+    val nestedSchema = new StructType()
+      .add("b", BooleanType)
+      .add("d", DecimalType(20, 2))
+      .add("bin", BinaryType)
+      .add("arr", ArrayType(new StructType().add("x", LongType).add("y", 
StringType)))
+      .add("m", MapType(StringType, ArrayType(IntegerType)))
+    val writer = ArrowWriter.create(nestedSchema, "UTC")
+    try {
+      (0 until 20).foreach { i =>
+        val arr = new GenericArrayData((0 until i % 4).map { j =>
+          InternalRow(j.toLong, if (j % 2 == 0) null else 
UTF8String.fromString(s"y_$j"))
+        })
+        val m = ArrayBasedMapData(
+          Array[Any](UTF8String.fromString(s"k_$i")),
+          Array[Any](new GenericArrayData((0 until i % 3).toArray[Any])))
+        writer.write(InternalRow(i % 2 == 0, Decimal(i * 100L, 20, 2),
+          Array.fill[Byte](i)(1), if (i % 5 == 0) null else arr, m))
+      }
+      writer.finish()
+      val root = writer.root
+      Seq((0, 20), (3, 7), (5, 1), (19, 1), (0, 13)).foreach { case (start, 
length) =>
+        val slice = root.slice(start, length)
+        try {
+          (slice.getFieldVectors.asScala ++ 
root.getFieldVectors.asScala).foreach { v =>
+            assert(SliceBytesArrowOutputProcessorImpl.bufferSize(v) === 
v.getBufferSize,
+              s"${v.getField} in slice ($start, $length)")
+          }
+        } finally {
+          slice.close()
+        }
+      }
+    } finally {
+      writer.root.close()
+    }
+  }
+
+  test("SPARK-60395: bufferSize does not wrap around for a struct vector over 
2 GiB") {
+    val allocator = ArrowUtils.rootAllocator.newChildAllocator("struct", 0, 
Long.MaxValue)
+    class TestStructVector extends StructVector(
+        "st", allocator, FieldType.nullable(ArrowType.Struct.INSTANCE), null) {
+      def addChild(name: String, child: NullVector): Unit = putChild(name, 
child)
+    }
+    val struct = new TestStructVector
+    try {
+      // Children that report 1 GiB each, like three int64 columns of 2^27 
rows.
+      (0 until 3).foreach { i =>
+        struct.addChild(s"c$i", new NullVector(s"c$i") {
+          override def getBufferSize: Int = 1 << 30
+        })
+      }
+      struct.setValueCount(1)
+      // `StructVector.getBufferSize` wraps around to a negative size.
+      assert(struct.getBufferSize < 0)
+      assert(SliceBytesArrowOutputProcessorImpl.bufferSize(struct) === 3L * (1 
<< 30) + 1)
+    } finally {
+      struct.close()
+      allocator.close()
+    }
+  }
+
+  test("SPARK-60395: bufferSize does not wrap around for flat vectors over 2 
GiB") {
+    val allocator = ArrowUtils.rootAllocator.newChildAllocator("flat", 0, 
Long.MaxValue)
+    try {
+      // An int64 column of 2^28 rows, without allocating it.
+      val fixed = new FixedSizeBinaryVector("f", allocator, 8) {
+        override def getValueCount: Int = 1 << 28
+      }
+      try {

Review Comment:
   Done.



##########
sql/core/src/test/scala/org/apache/spark/sql/execution/python/PythonArrowOutputSuite.scala:
##########
@@ -145,7 +152,194 @@ class PythonArrowOutputSuite extends SparkFunSuite {
       checkAllRowsOnceInOrder(batchSizes, output)
       // Guards the choice of cases: each has a batch that does not fit, which 
must be sliced.
       assert(output.size > batchSizes.size)
-      assert(output.forall { case (rows, bytes) => rows.size <= 1 || bytes < 
maxBytes })
+      assert(output.forall { case (rows, bytes) => rows.size <= 1 || bytes <= 
maxBytes })
     }
   }
+
+  private def newSliceBytesProcessor(maxBytes: Int)

Review Comment:
   Done, `newSliceBytesProcessor` is gone.



##########
sql/core/src/test/scala/org/apache/spark/sql/execution/python/PythonArrowOutputSuite.scala:
##########
@@ -76,7 +81,8 @@ class PythonArrowOutputSuite extends SparkFunSuite {
 
   /**
    * Drives `processor` the way `PythonArrowOutput.newReaderIterator.read()` 
does, and returns
-   * the rows and the buffer size in bytes of every output batch. Rows are 
copied before the
+   * the rows and the buffer size in bytes, as 
`SliceBytesArrowOutputProcessorImpl` measures it,
+   * of every output batch. Rows are copied before the

Review Comment:
   Re-flowed.



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