Github user JoshRosen commented on a diff in the pull request:

    https://github.com/apache/spark/pull/9276#discussion_r43719923
  
    --- Diff: 
sql/core/src/main/scala/org/apache/spark/sql/execution/ExchangeCoordinator.scala
 ---
    @@ -0,0 +1,260 @@
    +/*
    + * Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one or more
    + * contributor license agreements.  See the NOTICE file distributed with
    + * this work for additional information regarding copyright ownership.
    + * The ASF licenses this file to You under the Apache License, Version 2.0
    + * (the "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance with
    + * the License.  You may obtain a copy of the License at
    + *
    + *    http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
    + *
    + * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
    + * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
    + * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
    + * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
    + * limitations under the License.
    + */
    +
    +package org.apache.spark.sql.execution
    +
    +import java.util.{Map => JMap, HashMap => JHashMap}
    +
    +import scala.collection.mutable.ArrayBuffer
    +
    +import org.apache.spark.{Logging, SimpleFutureAction, ShuffleDependency, 
MapOutputStatistics}
    +import org.apache.spark.rdd.RDD
    +import org.apache.spark.sql.catalyst.InternalRow
    +
    +/**
    + * A coordinator used to determines how we shuffle data between stages 
generated by Spark SQL.
    + * Right now, the work of this coordinator is to determine the number of 
post-shuffle partitions
    + * for a stage that needs to fetch shuffle data from one or multiple 
stages.
    + *
    + * A coordinator is constructed with three parameters, `numExchanges`,
    + * `targetPostShuffleInputSize`, and `minNumPostShufflePartitions`.
    + *  - `numExchanges` is used to indicated that how many [[Exchange]]s that 
will be registered to
    + *    this coordinator. So, when we start to do any actual work, we have a 
way to make sure that
    + *    we have got expected number of [[Exchange]]s.
    + *  - `targetPostShuffleInputSize` is the targeted size of a post-shuffle 
partition's
    + *    input data size. With this parameter, we can estimate the number of 
post-shuffle partitions.
    + *    This parameter is configured through
    + *    `spark.sql.adaptive.shuffle.targetPostShuffleInputSize`.
    + *  - `minNumPostShufflePartitions` is an optional parameter. If it is 
defined, this coordinator
    + *    will try to make sure that there are at least 
`minNumPostShufflePartitions` post-shuffle
    + *    partitions.
    + *
    + * The workflow of this coordinator is described as follows:
    + *  - Before the execution of a [[SparkPlan]], for an [[Exchange]] 
operator,
    + *    if an [[ExchangeCoordinator]] is assigned to it, it registers itself 
to this coordinator.
    + *    This happens in the `doPrepare` method.
    + *  - Once we start to execute a physical plan, an [[Exchange]] registered 
to this coordinator will
    + *    call `postShuffleRDD` to get its corresponding post-shuffle 
[[ShuffledRowRDD]].
    + *    If this coordinator has made the decision on how to shuffle data, 
this [[Exchange]] will
    + *    immediately get its corresponding post-shuffle [[ShuffledRowRDD]].
    + *  - If this coordinator has not made the decision on how to shuffle 
data, it will ask those
    + *    registered [[Exchange]]s to submit their pre-shuffle stages. Then, 
based on the the size
    + *    statistics of pre-shuffle partitions, this coordinator will 
determine the number of
    + *    post-shuffle partitions and pack multiple pre-shuffle partitions 
with continuous indices
    + *    to a single post-shuffle partition whenever necessary.
    + *  - Finally, this coordinator will create post-shuffle 
[[ShuffledRowRDD]]s for all registered
    + *    [[Exchange]]s. So, when an [[Exchange]] calls `postShuffleRDD`, this 
coordinator can
    + *    lookup the corresponding [[RDD]].
    + *
    + * The strategy used to determine the number of post-shuffle partitions is 
described as follows.
    + * To determine the number of post-shuffle partitions, we have a target 
input size for a
    + * post-shuffle partition. Once we have size statistics of pre-shuffle 
partitions from stages
    + * corresponding to the registered [[Exchange]]s, we will do a pass of 
those statistics and
    + * pack pre-shuffle partitions with continuous indices to a single 
post-shuffle partition until
    + * the size of a post-shuffle partition is equal or greater than the 
target size.
    + * For example, we have two stages with the following pre-shuffle 
partition size statistics:
    + * stage 1: [100 MB, 20 MB, 100 MB, 10MB, 30 MB]
    + * stage 2: [10 MB,  10 MB, 70 MB,  5 MB, 5 MB]
    + * assuming the target input size is 128 MB, we will have three 
post-shuffle partitions,
    + * which are:
    + *  - post-shuffle partition 0: pre-shuffle partition 0 and 1
    + *  - post-shuffle partition 1: pre-shuffle partition 2
    + *  - post-shuffle partition 2: pre-shuffle partition 3 and 4
    + */
    +private[sql] class ExchangeCoordinator(
    +    numExchanges: Int,
    +    advisoryTargetPostShuffleInputSize: Long,
    +    minNumPostShufflePartitions: Option[Int] = None)
    +  extends Logging {
    +
    +  // The registered Exchange operators.
    +  private[this] val exchanges = ArrayBuffer[Exchange]()
    --- End diff --
    
    Should this be a set instead of an array buffer in order to guard against 
double-registration?


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