Github user rdblue commented on a diff in the pull request:

    https://github.com/apache/spark/pull/12239#discussion_r60612218
  
    --- Diff: 
sql/catalyst/src/main/scala/org/apache/spark/sql/catalyst/analysis/Analyzer.scala
 ---
    @@ -414,8 +414,42 @@ class Analyzer(
         }
     
         def apply(plan: LogicalPlan): LogicalPlan = plan resolveOperators {
    -      case i @ InsertIntoTable(u: UnresolvedRelation, _, _, _, _) =>
    -        i.copy(table = EliminateSubqueryAliases(getTable(u)))
    +      case i @ InsertIntoTable(u: UnresolvedRelation, parts, child, _, _) 
if child.resolved =>
    +        val table = getTable(u)
    +        // adding the table's partitions or validate the query's partition 
info
    +        table match {
    +          case relation: PartitionedRelation if 
relation.partitionColumns.nonEmpty =>
    +            val tablePartitionNames = relation.partitionColumns.map(_.name)
    +            if (parts.keys.nonEmpty) {
    +              // the query's partitioning must match the table's 
partitioning
    +              // this is set for queries like: insert into ... partition 
(one = "a", two = <expr>)
    +              if (tablePartitionNames.size != parts.keySet.size) {
    --- End diff --
    
    In this case, the user has called `partitionBy(...)` to set the partition 
columns by hand. Those don't have to match by name and we can insert casts 
during the pre-insert checks because we trust that the user gets it right. The 
only thing valuable to check is that the user got the number of partitions 
right as a sanity check.


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