Github user budde commented on a diff in the pull request:

    https://github.com/apache/spark/pull/16944#discussion_r101908155
  
    --- Diff: 
sql/hive/src/test/scala/org/apache/spark/sql/hive/HiveSchemaInferenceSuite.scala
 ---
    @@ -0,0 +1,192 @@
    +/*
    + * Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one or more
    + * contributor license agreements.  See the NOTICE file distributed with
    + * this work for additional information regarding copyright ownership.
    + * The ASF licenses this file to You under the Apache License, Version 2.0
    + * (the "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance with
    + * the License.  You may obtain a copy of the License at
    + *
    + *    http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
    + *
    + * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
    + * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
    + * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
    + * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
    + * limitations under the License.
    + */
    +
    +package org.apache.spark.sql.hive
    +
    +import java.io.File
    +import java.util.concurrent.{Executors, TimeUnit}
    +
    +import org.scalatest.BeforeAndAfterEach
    +
    +import org.apache.spark.metrics.source.HiveCatalogMetrics
    +import org.apache.spark.sql.catalyst.TableIdentifier
    +import org.apache.spark.sql.catalyst.catalog._
    +import org.apache.spark.sql.execution.datasources.FileStatusCache
    +import org.apache.spark.sql.QueryTest
    +import org.apache.spark.sql.hive.client.HiveClient
    +import org.apache.spark.sql.hive.test.TestHiveSingleton
    +import org.apache.spark.sql.internal.SQLConf
    +import org.apache.spark.sql.internal.SQLConf.HiveCaseSensitiveInferenceMode
    +import org.apache.spark.sql.test.SQLTestUtils
    +import org.apache.spark.sql.types._
    +
    +class HiveSchemaInferenceSuite
    +  extends QueryTest with TestHiveSingleton with SQLTestUtils with 
BeforeAndAfterEach {
    +
    +  import HiveSchemaInferenceSuite._
    +
    +  override def beforeEach(): Unit = {
    +    super.beforeEach()
    +    FileStatusCache.resetForTesting()
    +  }
    +
    +  override def afterEach(): Unit = {
    +    super.afterEach()
    +    FileStatusCache.resetForTesting()
    +  }
    +
    +  private val externalCatalog = 
spark.sharedState.externalCatalog.asInstanceOf[HiveExternalCatalog]
    +  private val lowercaseSchema = StructType(Seq(
    +    StructField("fieldone", LongType),
    +    StructField("partcol1", IntegerType),
    +    StructField("partcol2", IntegerType)))
    +  private val caseSensitiveSchema = StructType(Seq(
    +    StructField("fieldOne", LongType),
    +    // Partition columns remain case-insensitive
    +    StructField("partcol1", IntegerType),
    +    StructField("partcol2", IntegerType)))
    +
    +  // Create a CatalogTable instance modeling an external Hive Metastore 
table backed by
    +  // Parquet data files.
    +  private def hiveExternalCatalogTable(
    +      tableName: String,
    +      location: String,
    +      schema: StructType,
    +      partitionColumns: Seq[String],
    +      properties: Map[String, String] = Map.empty): CatalogTable = {
    +    CatalogTable(
    +      identifier = TableIdentifier(table = tableName, database = 
Option(DATABASE)),
    +      tableType = CatalogTableType.EXTERNAL,
    +      storage = CatalogStorageFormat(
    +        locationUri = Option(location),
    +        inputFormat = 
Option("org.apache.hadoop.hive.ql.io.parquet.MapredParquetInputFormat"),
    +        outputFormat = 
Option("org.apache.hadoop.hive.ql.io.parquet.MapredParquetOutputFormat"),
    +        serde = 
Option("org.apache.hadoop.hive.ql.io.parquet.serde.ParquetHiveSerDe"),
    +        compressed = false,
    +        properties = Map("serialization.format" -> "1")),
    +      schema = schema,
    +      provider = Option("hive"),
    +      partitionColumnNames = partitionColumns,
    +      properties = properties)
    +  }
    +
    +  // Creates CatalogTablePartition instances for adding partitions of data 
to our test table.
    +  private def hiveCatalogPartition(location: String, index: Int): 
CatalogTablePartition
    +    = CatalogTablePartition(
    +      spec = Map("partcol1" -> index.toString, "partcol2" -> 
index.toString),
    +      storage = CatalogStorageFormat(
    +        locationUri = 
Option(s"${location}/partCol1=$index/partCol2=$index/"),
    +        inputFormat = 
Option("org.apache.hadoop.hive.ql.io.parquet.MapredParquetInputFormat"),
    +        outputFormat = 
Option("org.apache.hadoop.hive.ql.io.parquet.MapredParquetOutputFormat"),
    +        serde = 
Option("org.apache.hadoop.hive.ql.io.parquet.serde.ParquetHiveSerDe"),
    +        compressed = false,
    +        properties = Map("serialization.format" -> "1")))
    +
    +  // Creates a case-sensitive external Hive table for testing schema 
inference options. Table
    +  // will not have Spark-specific table properties set.
    +  private def setupCaseSensitiveTable(
    +      tableName: String,
    +      dir: File): Unit = {
    +    spark.range(NUM_RECORDS)
    +      .selectExpr("id as fieldOne", "id as partCol1", "id as partCol2")
    +      .write
    +      .partitionBy("partCol1", "partCol2")
    +      .mode("overwrite")
    +      .parquet(dir.getAbsolutePath)
    +
    +
    +    val client = externalCatalog.client
    +
    +    val catalogTable = hiveExternalCatalogTable(
    +      tableName,
    +      dir.getAbsolutePath,
    +      lowercaseSchema,
    +      Seq("partcol1", "partcol2"))
    +    client.createTable(catalogTable, true)
    +
    +    val partitions = (0 until 
NUM_RECORDS).map(hiveCatalogPartition(dir.getAbsolutePath, _)).toSeq
    +    client.createPartitions(DATABASE, tableName, partitions, true)
    +  }
    +
    +  // Create a test table used for a single unit test, with data stored in 
the specified directory.
    +  private def withTestTable(dir: File)(f: File => Unit): Unit = {
    +    setupCaseSensitiveTable(TEST_TABLE_NAME, dir)
    +    try f(dir) finally spark.sql(s"DROP TABLE IF EXISTS $TEST_TABLE_NAME")
    +  }
    +
    +  private val inferenceKey = SQLConf.HIVE_CASE_SENSITIVE_INFERENCE.key
    +
    +  test("Schema should be inferred and written to table properties when 
INFER_AND_SAVE is " +
    +    "specified") {
    +    withSQLConf(inferenceKey -> 
HiveCaseSensitiveInferenceMode.INFER_AND_SAVE.toString) {
    +      withTempDir { dir =>
    +        withTestTable(dir) { dir =>
    +          assert(spark.sql(FIELD_QUERY).count == NUM_RECORDS)
    --- End diff --
    
    Good call, I'll add a check for ```schemaPreservesCase```.
    
    We'll have to use the underlying HiveClient to obtain the raw table in 
order to check the presence of ```DATASOURCE_SCHEMA_NUMPARTS``` instead of 
```originalTable``` directly since HiveExternalCatalog [filters out any 
property starting with 
SPARK_SQL_PREFIX](https://github.com/apache/spark/blob/f48c5a57d6488d5598534ca5834e008504f464fe/sql/hive/src/main/scala/org/apache/spark/sql/hive/HiveExternalCatalog.scala#L665-L668).
    
    I'm thinking of just adding these checks to the 
```setupCaseSensitiveTable()``` method since we're essentially just asserting 
that our initial conditions are what we expect (table returned by catalog has 
schemaPreservesCase=false and the underlying table contains no Spark 
properties).


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