gengliangwang commented on a change in pull request #24937: [SPARK-28139][SQL] 
Add v2 ALTER TABLE implementation.
URL: https://github.com/apache/spark/pull/24937#discussion_r297498527
 
 

 ##########
 File path: 
sql/catalyst/src/main/scala/org/apache/spark/sql/catalyst/analysis/CheckAnalysis.scala
 ##########
 @@ -313,6 +314,42 @@ trait CheckAnalysis extends PredicateHelper {
               failAnalysis(s"Invalid partitioning: ${badReferences.mkString(", 
")}")
             }
 
+          case alter: AlterTable if alter.childrenResolved =>
+            val table = alter.table
+            def findField(operation: String, fieldName: Array[String]): 
StructField = {
+              // include collections because structs nested in maps and arrays 
may be altered
+              val field = table.schema.findNestedField(fieldName, 
includeCollections = true)
+              if (field.isEmpty) {
+                throw new AnalysisException(
+                  s"Cannot $operation missing field in ${table.name} schema: 
${fieldName.quoted}")
+              }
+              field.get
+            }
+
+            alter.changes.foreach {
+              case add: AddColumn =>
+                val parent = add.fieldNames.init
+                if (parent.nonEmpty) {
+                  findField("add to", parent)
+                }
+              case update: UpdateColumnType =>
+                val field = findField("update", update.fieldNames)
+                if (!Cast.canUpCast(field.dataType, update.newDataType)) {
 
 Review comment:
   Also, it seems that update nested column entirely should fail, right? E.g.
   ```
   CREATE TABLE t (id int, points map<struct<x: float, y: double>, bigint>) 
USING foo
   ALTER TABLE t ALTER COLUMN points TYPE map<struct<x: float, y: double, z: 
double>, bigint>
   ```
   

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