Conventia de la Washington (CITES) www.cites.org va avea cea de 14-a
Conferinta a Partilor la Haga (Olanda), intre 3 si 15 iunie 2007. Germania
propune o restrictionare a comertului international cu anghile, in incercarea
de a contribui la suprimarea factorilor care duc la scaderea sanselor de
supravietuire a anghilei in Europa.
Aveti mai jos un text despre acest subiect.
Peter
The eel {Anguilla anguilla (LINNAEUS, 1758)} the only representative of
the family Anguillidae living in the country has faced serious difficulties
in the recent decades, therefore it is strongly recommended to introduce
more rigorous regulation in order to improve its ecological conditions.
Eels spawn in the Western part of the Atlantic Ocean, in the Sargasso
Sea, in a depth of about 100-200 meters. The hatching larvae (leptocephalus
larvae) are 5 mm long, shaped like a willow-leaf. They arrive to the
European shores in about two years drifting with the ocean streams. In the
meanwhile they change to the so-called glass eel state, with a transparent,
cylindrical body. Their pigmentation develops gradually: it takes another
year to turn into bronze eels, while traveling upstream on the rivers. Their
inland water life phase begins. This bronze eel state lasts for 1-2 decades,
until becoming sexually mature, when their seeward migration starts.
Thanks to their good adaptability and strong migration aptitude, they
could be found in larger and smaller rivers as well, and also in various
lakes, river arms and larger channels eels were common in all kinds of
inland waters.
Originally this species is common in the European shores of the
Atlantic Ocean and the Mediterranean Sea; it is rare in the Black Sea and its
rivers, but it is definitely autochthonous.
The regional eel population has come close to become extinct as a result
of the regulation of rivers, the Iron Gate on the Danube and massive dieing
of the last decade. Due to the specific development cycle of the eel
(catadromous species), it has become more and more difficult for the
progeniture to return to its natural habitats, partly because of the
regulation, dams and other interventions in the catchment area, and partly
because of the higher pollution levels. Similar to sturgeons (Acipenseridae),
the self-sustaining populations of eels are a victim of river management
practices.
On the Western European market there is a significant demand for eels.
Considering its economic profitability, commercial and recreational
fisheries tried to counteract this tendency with artificial populations. As a
result, eels were caught by anglers in a higher proportion for a short
period. Nevertheless, currently natural populations are in decline, as
overfishing is also posing a threat to eel populations, beside the changes in
the integrity of river systems. As a result of these complex factors, the
species become endangered.
For the preservation of the species, the introduction of effective
restrictive, control and conservation measures are recommended. In the
long term the only solution is the restoration of rivers acting as an
ecological corridor, in accordance with the approach of the Water
Framework Directive of the European Union.
Recommendation:
Support the proposal of Germany on behalf of the European
Community to include the eel in Appendix II of CITES, in order to
restrict its trade. This measure would contribute to the preservation of
the remaining endangered populations.
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