Sage is definitively more focused on mathematics and Scilab is more
for physicist and engineers which do more of numerical exercises. I
needed a free software to analyze signal data and I have looked into
various packages including Scilab, Sage, Octave, Freemat, etc. For the
moment I have selected Scilab since I used Matlab at the University
and got used to its programming language and stepping over to Scilab
is a small step. Furthermore Scilab seems to get a lot of support from
the governments and research consortia and and with downloads numbers
of over 40000 per month it looks like it will stay.
However, I have to admit that Scilab still has a long way to go. The
support (e.g. forums, documentation) and the user interface is rather
poor and it feels less intuitive compared to Matlab. Perhaps the
coming release will show some considerable improvements, but I think
considerable improvements can be made in support in the form of
forums, documentation, script exchange, etc.
Although Sage is designed for mathematicians it can do number
crunching. However, most Sage tutorials are very much focussed on
maths it is difficult to get into it as a physicist/engineer. Personal
I am intrigued by Sage. One of the main reason is that the language is
Python and such that Sage can be extended with thousands of libraries
including GUIs, support for Fortran, C++, etc. Furthermore I believe
that Sage has better graphics support which is a big plus over Scilab
since at the end of the calculations you will need to produce a graph
At the moment I keep working with Scilab since I can work with it
without learning to much new things, but I have spend some time using
Sage and if Scilab 5 does not show the improvements I would like to
see I probably lean very hard towards Sage.

By the way it has been mentioned several times on Sage websites that
Scilab is not open source in the true meaning of the word. If you read
the license agreement carefully you will find that commercialization
of the code requires authorization i.e. you can't use the code to
create your own Matlab/Mathematica to sell it to consumers and any
derived/composite versions need to say copyright Scilab Enri (or
something like that). Is that a big deal ... it is free advertisement
for the institute and more money will finds it way to the project!?

I guess I am rambling a bit, but in conclusion: Scilab and Sage are
different packages with each pros and cons, both seem to have a good
foundation (from community and government) and will be around for the
coming years and maybe decades. Physicists/engineers probably will
prefer Scilab whereas Scilab is not really an option for
mathematicians. As physicist I have to acknowledge that Sage has some
good trump card and if Scilab does not improve I will really consider
using Sage for professional use rather than just interest.

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