#14279: Coercion for homsets
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   Reporter:  SimonKing   |             Owner:  nthiery                         
      
       Type:  defect      |            Status:  new                             
      
   Priority:  major       |         Milestone:  sage-5.9                        
      
  Component:  categories  |          Keywords:                                  
      
Work issues:              |   Report Upstream:  N/A                             
      
  Reviewers:              |           Authors:  Simon King                      
      
  Merged in:              |      Dependencies:  #11490, #14214, #14249, #14225, 
#14278
   Stopgaps:              |  
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 Homsets are parents that, up to now, do not use Sage's coercion model and
 do not use element classes. Morphisms are elements that, up to now, would
 define a custom `__mul__` and `__add__` and so on.

 The purpose of this ticket is to use the new framework. As you can
 imagine, this involves many changes. One important change: I let
 `sage.categories.map.Map` inherit from
 `sage.structure.element.ModuleElement`. Not all homsets are modules, of
 course, but when they are, then one can simply define single underscore
 `_add_`, `_rmul_` and `_composition_` (the latter is for composition of
 maps) as usual, so that one does not need to overload `__mul__` so often.

 Another important change: Domain and codomain of a morphism used to be
 parents, but that's wrong, because parents are `CategoryObject`s that
 contain elements, but we can speak of morphisms (purely categorically)
 without elements. Hence, I changed domain and codomain into
 `CategoryObject`.

 In sage.homology, no reasonable base classes were used: Everything was
 directly inheriting from `SageObject`. I improved this.

 While I was at it, I was fixing some homset related pickling problems, and
 I implemented a cache for a parent where that has been previously tried
 unsuccessfully.

 It is difficult to say what component this ticket belongs to. I try
 "categories".

-- 
Ticket URL: <http://trac.sagemath.org/sage_trac/ticket/14279>
Sage <http://www.sagemath.org>
Sage: Creating a Viable Open Source Alternative to Magma, Maple, Mathematica, 
and MATLAB

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