Oct. 8 (Bloomberg) -- Fitch Ratings downgraded Italy and Spain on concern they 
will struggle to improve their finances as Europe’s debt crisis intensifies, 
while Moody’s Investors Service put Belgium on review for a possible cut. 
 
 Spain had its foreign and local currency long-term issuer default ratings cut 
to AA- from AA+, while Italy had the same set of ratings lowered to A+ from 
AA-, Fitch said in statements yesterday. The outlook for both countries is 
negative. Fitch also maintained Portugal’s rating at BBB-, saying it would 
complete a review of that ranking in the fourth quarter. 
 
 Belgium’s Aa1 local- and foreign-currency ratings were placed under review for 
a downgrade by Moody’s because of rising funding risks for euro region nations 
with high levels of debt and additional bank support measures which are likely 
to be needed. 
 
 The downgrades for Spain and Italy reflect “the intensification of the euro 
zone crisis,” Fitch said, citing risks to Spain’s “fiscal-consolidation” 
efforts. “A credible and comprehensive solution to the crisis is politically 
and technically complex and will take time to put in place and to earn the 
trust of investors,” Fitch said of Spain. 
 
 Italy and Spain, the third- and fourth-largest economies respectively in the 
17-nation euro area, are scrambling to avoid the fallout from the debt crisis 
as Greece moves closer to default. Borrowing costs for both nations surged to 
euro-era record highs in August, prompting the European Central Bank to prop up 
their bonds on the secondary market. 
 
 International Credibility 
 
 “There are two things Italy needs to do. One is to work on reacquiring a 
sufficient level of international credibility to maintain its financial house 
in order,” Fiat SpA Chief Executive Officer Sergio Marchionne said after a 
speech in Montreal yesterday. “The other thing that you need is to increase the 
purchasing capability of the Italian public.” 
 
 Fitch’s cut of Italy was its first since October 2006. It follows downgrades 
of Italy by Moody’s on Oct. 4 and Standard & Poor’s on Sept. 19, which both 
cited concerns that the country’s weak economic growth means it will struggle 
to reduce Europe’s second-largest debt, at about 120 percent of gross domestic 
product. 
 
 Spain’s rating, which was AAA until 2010, has now been lowered twice by Fitch 
as the deepest austerity measures in three decades fail to convince investors 
the nation can stem the surge in its debt burden. Moody’s also warned “all but 
the strongest euro-area sovereigns” are likely to see further downgrades, when 
it cut Italy’s rating for the first time in almost two decades. 
 
 Spanish Growth 
 
 Fitch said it expects Spanish growth to remain below 2 percent a year through 
2015. Still, the nation’s debt burden will peak at 72 percent of GDP in 2013, 
below the forecast for the euro area on average, the company said. 
 
 Italy gave final approval last month to a 54 billion-euro ($72 billion) 
austerity plan aimed at balancing the budget in 2013 that convinced the ECB to 
start buying the nation’s and Spanish bonds on Aug. 8. Italy’s 10-year 
borrowing costs, which fell as low as 4.87 percent on Aug. 18, were at 5.52 
percent yesterday. Spain’s 10-year bond yield was at 4.99 percent. 
 
 “The crisis has adversely impacted financial stability and growth prospects 
across the region,” Fitch said. “However, the high level of public debt and 
fiscal financing requirement along with the low rate of potential growth 
rendered Italy especially vulnerable to such an external shock.” 
 
 U.S. Rating 
 
 The decision also comes after Standard & Poor’s stripped the U.S. of its AAA 
credit rating for the first time. While the Aug. 5 move roiled global markets, 
bond investors ignored S&P’s warnings about U.S. creditworthiness and piled 
into Treasuries. The yield on the benchmark U.S. government bond fell to a 
record 1.6714 on Sept. 23. 
 
 Spain’s Socialist government, which faces a general election on Nov. 20, has 
said the country may miss its 2011 growth forecast of 1.3 percent as the 
recovery slows. Unemployment remains above 21 percent and the manufacturing 
industry contracted the most in more than two years in September. Regional 
governments, which are responsible for health and education and hire half of 
Spain’s public workers, are behind schedule to meet their deficit targets, 
preliminary data showed on Sept. 8. 
 
 The People’s Party, which polls indicate may win an outright majority in the 
vote, has pledged a stricter budget law, spending limits for the regional 
governments, and tax breaks to encourage companies to hire workers and become 
more competitive. PP leader Mariano Rajoy said on Sept. 15 he would send a 
“strong signal” to markets and wouldn’t deviate from the budget-deficit goal of 
4.4 percent of gross domestic product in 2012 “under any circumstances.” 
 
 To contact the reporter on this story: Lorenzo Totaro in Rome at 
[email protected] 
 
 To contact the editor responsible for this story: Craig Stirling at 
[email protected] 

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