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Today's Topics:
1. shlokalakshhaNaM (Jay Vaidya)
2. Plight of Sanskrit (Vis Tekumalla)
3. Re: Plight of Sanskrit (peekayar)
4. Re: shlokalakshhaNaM (peekayar)
5. Avoiding Sanskrit mail traffic (Sai)
----------------------------------------------------------------------
Message: 1
Date: Wed, 31 Mar 2004 13:30:32 -0800 (PST)
From: Jay Vaidya <[EMAIL PROTECTED]>
Subject: [Sanskrit] shlokalakshhaNaM
To: [EMAIL PROTECTED]
Message-ID: <[EMAIL PROTECTED]>
Content-Type: text/plain; charset=us-ascii
The 5-6-7 syllable related rule is for anushhTup only.
A shloka is not necessarily anushhTup. However, unless
stated otherwise the word is often used loosely for
anushhTup.
The following verse also uses "shloka" in the
synechdochic anushhTup meaning:
(another shlokalakshhaNa shloka!)
shloke shhashhTaM guru GYeyaM
sarvatra laghu paJNchamam |
dvichatushhpAdayorhrasvaM
saptamaM dIrghamanyayoH ||
(Note that the versewriter means laghu and guru when
saying hrasva and dIrgha, respectively.)
Though this etymology is a little suspect, the word
"shloka" is said to come from the word "shoka" meaning
sorrow. Apparently this is because the first shloka
was uttered in sorrow by vAlmiki to curse a hunter who
killed one of a pair of courting birds:
mA nishhAda pratishhThAM tvam-
agamaH shAshvatIH samAH |
yatkrauMchamithunAdekam-
avadhIH kAmamohitam ||
(A mild reproach so typical for the gentle vAlmiki :
"May you not achieve advancement for many long years!"
Even if "advancement" means reaching heaven, compare
it with the kinds of curses durvAsas and vishvAmitra
dole out.)
While the shoka->shloka etymology may be questionable,
notice that the verse that inspired the story is in
fact anushhTup.
Just to remind us:
A. guru syllables:
1) contain a dIrgha vowel (no matter what follows)
2) contain a hrasva vowel followed by a conjoint
consonant
3) contain a hrasva vowel followed by a halaMta,
anusvAra or visarga
4) contain a hrasva vowel that is the end of a word
(optionally guru or laghu).
B. laghu syllables
1. Are hrasva except for the exceptions above.
2. contain a hrasva vowel that is the end of a word
(optionally guru or laghu).
As for those of us coming at the guru-laghu
definitions from pANini-grammer rather than
chhandaHshAstra-prosody, we must be aware that rules
A3, A4, and B2 are specific to prosody and do not
apply to grammar.
Dhananjay
> From: Sai <[EMAIL PROTECTED]>
> Subject: [Sanskrit] Sloka lakShaNam
> Does Sloka always mean anuShTup chhandas?
> Is this the definition of anuShTup, or all Slokas?
> From: Sai <[EMAIL PROTECTED]>
> Subject: [Sanskrit] mandAkrAnta vR^ittaH
> BTW,
> guru (g) = (big) a letter with more than one mAtra
> (e.g., kaa, kI, ke, kaM)
> laghu (l) = (small) a letter with one mAtra (e.g.,
> ka)
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------------------------------
Message: 2
Date: Wed, 31 Mar 2004 22:12:02 -0800 (PST)
From: Vis Tekumalla <[EMAIL PROTECTED]>
Subject: [Sanskrit] Plight of Sanskrit
To: [EMAIL PROTECTED]
Message-ID: <[EMAIL PROTECTED]>
Content-Type: text/plain; charset="us-ascii"
bhAgyanagare samskR^itabhAShAyA.m vimukhameShA.m nAvagachChAmi.
etadviShaye prachurita pravR^ittI.m atra kR^ipayA paThantu.
(I don�t understand this indifference shown towards Sanskrit in Hyderabad. Please read
a story published by the Times of India regarding that issue here at this link).
http://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/articleshow/578690.cms
>
>
...Vis Tekumalla
[EMAIL PROTECTED]
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Message: 3
Date: Thu, 1 Apr 2004 05:16:19 -0800 (PST)
From: peekayar <[EMAIL PROTECTED]>
Subject: Re: [Sanskrit] Plight of Sanskrit
To: sanskrit digest <[EMAIL PROTECTED]>
Message-ID: <[EMAIL PROTECTED]>
Content-Type: text/plain; charset="us-ascii"
etat bhAgyanagare durbhAgyameva.
In olden days Kings (read also the Governments)
were the patrons of Sanskrit. When Bhojaraja
gives a present of a lakh of coins, he gives them
from the Government Treasury. Recently when
I was in Pune I visited the Bhandarkar Research Institute (before the burning
incident). There I met its Hony.chief who had retired as a Sanskrit Professor from the
Poona University. He mentioned that the Institute was not receiving
a single rupee from the Govt. of India of which
HRD Minister is Murali Manohoar Joshi. He is probably spending his time and Govt.'s
money
in subsidising IIMs. Such is the plight of Sanskrit in this country now.
At this moment I am reminded of a story during Bhojaraja's time. He wanted to test
his popularity as a patron of learning. He gave out an announcement from the palace
that Bhoja had passed away. Immediateley Kalidasa came out with an obituary
(charamashloka in Sanskrit).
adya dhaaraa niraadhaaraa niraalambaa saraswatii.
paNDitaa khaNditaassarve bhojaraaje divaM gate..
(dhaaraa was the capital city of Bhoja)
After assessing the public mood about
his popularity, Bhoja came out with an
announcement that he was still alive.
Again it was Kalidasa who said -
adya dharaa sadaadhaaraa sadaalambaa saraswatii /
panDitaa maNDitaassarve bhojaraaje bhuvaM
gate //
P.K.Ramakrishnan
Vis Tekumalla <[EMAIL PROTECTED]> wrote:
bhAgyanagare samskR^itabhAShAyA.m vimukhameShA.m nAvagachChAmi.
etadviShaye prachurita pravR^ittI.m atra kR^ipayA paThantu.
(I don�t understand this indifference shown towards Sanskrit in Hyderabad. Please read
a story published by the Times of India regarding that issue here at this link).
http://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/articleshow/578690.cms
>
>
...Vis Tekumalla
[EMAIL PROTECTED]
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Message: 4
Date: Thu, 1 Apr 2004 07:34:34 -0800 (PST)
From: peekayar <[EMAIL PROTECTED]>
Subject: Re: [Sanskrit] shlokalakshhaNaM
To: Jay Vaidya <[EMAIL PROTECTED]>, sanskrit digest
<[EMAIL PROTECTED]>
Message-ID: <[EMAIL PROTECTED]>
Content-Type: text/plain; charset="us-ascii"
Comments by P.K.Ramakrishnan
I am reproducing a part from Sri Dhanajay's
posting.
"Though this etymology is a little suspect, the word "shloka" is said to come from the
word "shoka" meaning sorrow. Apparently this is because the first shloka was uttered
in sorrow by vAlmiiki to curse a hunter who killed one of a pair of courting birds:
mA nishAda pratishhThAM tvam-
agamaH shAshvatIH samAH |
yatkrauMchamithunAdekam-
avadhIH kAmamohitam || "
My comments-
Shloka has not come from the word shoka
though it had been uttered because of shoka.
Shloka means praise. shoka means sorrow.
The word anuShThibh also contains the root
stubh meaning to praise. That is why either of
these two words are used meaning a particular
type of metre.
When Valmiiki uttered this verse because of his
sorrow seeing the hunter shooting down the bird
it was a curse on the hunter -
"Dont attain glory for all time to come since
you killed the amourous one of the krouncha pair"
He later he thought that it was not a good statement (being a curse) to begin the
Ramayana, the aadikaavya.
He told his disciples -
paadabaddho.akSarasamaM
tantriilayasamanvitam /
shokaartasya pravR^itto me
shloko bhavatu naanyathaa //
Let what is begun my me who was distressed
by sorrow, composed in paadaas of equal
letters and having the fusion of strings,
become a shloka. Not otherwise.
So it becomes a (shloka) praise. How?
Read this -
"mAniShAda pratishhThAM tvam-
agamaH shAshvatIH samAH |
yatkrauMchamithunAdekam-
avadhIH kAmamohitam || "
mAniShAda = shrInivAsa
mA = ShrI. niShad = ni + sad (sad to stay)
(after ni sad becomes Shad. niShad > niShAda
The same way as ni+vas > nivAsa
Now this sloka is addressed to ShrInivAsa.
He! shInivAsa! Attain glory for all time to come since you killed the amourous one of
the krouncha pair".
Here krouncha pair refers to rAvaNa and his wife.
VAlmIki is said to be the Adikavi. So this shloka
becomes the first Shloka in his kAvyam.
There is a convention that the first verse of a
kAvya should conform to the following.
AshIrnamaskriyA vastunirdesho vApi tanmukham.
It should be a (1) benediction or (2) prayer or
(3)a statement of the existence of a thing.
Here in Ramayana it is (1) - pratiShThAm agamaH.
In Raghuvamsham it is (2) - pitarau vande
In Kumarasambhavam it is 3) - astyuttarasyaam
dishi himaalayaH.
More of my comments on shloka will be
posted later.
P.K.Ramakrishnan
Jay Vaidya <[EMAIL PROTECTED]> wrote:
The 5-6-7 syllable related rule is for anushhTup only.
A shloka is not necessarily anushhTup. However, unless
stated otherwise the word is often used loosely for
anushhTup.
The following verse also uses "shloka" in the
synechdochic anushhTup meaning:
(another shlokalakshhaNa shloka!)
shloke shhashhTaM guru GYeyaM
sarvatra laghu paJNchamam |
dvichatushhpAdayorhrasvaM
saptamaM dIrghamanyayoH ||
(Note that the versewriter means laghu and guru when
saying hrasva and dIrgha, respectively.)
Though this etymology is a little suspect, the word
"shloka" is said to come from the word "shoka" meaning
sorrow. Apparently this is because the first shloka
was uttered in sorrow by vAlmiki to curse a hunter who
killed one of a pair of courting birds:
mA nishhAda pratishhThAM tvam-
agamaH shAshvatIH samAH |
yatkrauMchamithunAdekam-
avadhIH kAmamohitam ||
(A mild reproach so typical for the gentle vAlmiki :
"May you not achieve advancement for many long years!"
Even if "advancement" means reaching heaven, compare
it with the kinds of curses durvAsas and vishvAmitra
dole out.)
While the shoka->shloka etymology may be questionable,
notice that the verse that inspired the story is in
fact anushhTup.
Just to remind us:
A. guru syllables:
1) contain a dIrgha vowel (no matter what follows)
2) contain a hrasva vowel followed by a conjoint
consonant
3) contain a hrasva vowel followed by a halaMta,
anusvAra or visarga
4) contain a hrasva vowel that is the end of a word
(optionally guru or laghu).
B. laghu syllables
1. Are hrasva except for the exceptions above.
2. contain a hrasva vowel that is the end of a word
(optionally guru or laghu).
As for those of us coming at the guru-laghu
definitions from pANini-grammer rather than
chhandaHshAstra-prosody, we must be aware that rules
A3, A4, and B2 are specific to prosody and do not
apply to grammar.
Dhananjay
> From: Sai
> Subject: [Sanskrit] Sloka lakShaNam
> Does Sloka always mean anuShTup chhandas?
> Is this the definition of anuShTup, or all Slokas?
> From: Sai
> Subject: [Sanskrit] mandAkrAnta vR^ittaH
> BTW,
> guru (g) = (big) a letter with more than one mAtra
> (e.g., kaa, kI, ke, kaM)
> laghu (l) = (small) a letter with one mAtra (e.g.,
> ka)
__________________________________
Do you Yahoo!?
Yahoo! Finance Tax Center - File online. File on time.
http://taxes.yahoo.com/filing.html
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Message: 5
Date: Thu, 1 Apr 2004 10:29:16 -0700
From: Sai <[EMAIL PROTECTED]>
Subject: [Sanskrit] Avoiding Sanskrit mail traffic
To: Emil Atanassov <[EMAIL PROTECTED]>
Cc: [EMAIL PROTECTED]
Message-ID: <[EMAIL PROTECTED]>
Content-Type: text/plain; charset=us-ascii
If your mailbox is being overwhelmed by too many sanskrit mails, here is a
solution. You can configure your mailing list subscription not to
receive mails but instead view them at your own convenience from
the online archive. You still have to stay subscribed to access the
archive (if you unsubscribe, you won't be allowed to view the archive).
Here are the instructions to stop receiving sanskrit messages as
emails.
Go to
http://mailman.cs.utah.edu/listinfo/sanskrit
Scroll down to the last section titled "sanskrit Subscribers" and
click on "Unsubscribe or edit options".
It will take you to:
http://mailman.cs.utah.edu/mailman/options/sanskrit
(You can go to this address directly too.)
Type your email address and password,
Then scroll down to the section titled
"Your sanskrit Subscription Options"
The first option is called "Mail delivery". Set it to "disabled"
and scroll down to the bottom of the page and click "Submit My Changes".
You are done.
- Sai.
Emil Atanassov uvaacha:
> Aham Sanskrita pathitum ichhami. Kintu, your digest is at a very high
> level.Currently I do not have time to intensify my study of Sanskrit.
> I have to unsubscribe because my e-mail Inbox has limited space and
> given the frequency you send the digest with and the envisaged lack of
> access to the Internet to manage my account, due to traveling, I fear
> it may run out of storage and some other messages may be returned as
> undeliverable.
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End of sanskrit Digest, Vol 13, Issue 1
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