Re: slower Debian 11 after upgrade from 10

[David Christensen]

On 10/4/21 20:10, L Dimov wrote:
I am having slower performance on Debian 11 with software only from 
the "main" repositories after upgrade from 10.It is on a decently 
powerful Dell laptop with 16 GB memory, 1 TB SSD, 7 processors Intel 
Core i5-8350U CPU @ 1.70GHz



The Intel Core i5-8550U processor has 4 cores with Hyper-Threading (8
threads):

https://ark.intel.com/content/www/us/en/ark/products/124969/intel-core-i58350u-processor-6m-cache-up-to-3-60-ghz.html


On 10/4/21 20:33, L Dimov wrote:
I do not want any non-free and contrib software, so I can't do that. 
Are there any other options? Wait for updates, switch to Debian 
Teasting (which I'd rather not do), anything else? And I'd rather

not go back to Debian 10 just because I worry I may mess up the
process as I have never done that. Thanks!Luben



If your laptop has hardware that requires proprietary firmware, I very
much doubt that the firmware in question will ever be open-sourced.
Without the proprietary firmware, the best case is reduced
functionality using reverse-engineered drivers -- e.g. NVIDIA and
Nouveau.  Wi-Fi adapters requiring proprietary firmware tend to be
non-functional without such.


Either keep your laptop and install the proprietary firmware, or sell it
and get something with hardware that does not require proprietary firmware.


David

Re: slower Debian 11 after upgrade from 10

[L Dimov]

 

On Monday, October 4, 2021, 11:25:22 PM EDT, Greg Wooledge 
 wrote:  

You'll either need to download the packages manually (not recommended),
or add contrib and non-free to your sources.list.  Doing the latter allows
you to receive upgrades to these packages in the future, so it's the
recommended way.

Greg, I do not want any non-free and contrib software, so I can't do that. Are 
there any other options? Wait for updates, switch to Debian Teasting (which I'd 
rather not do), anything else? And I'd rather not go back to Debian 10 just 
because I worry I may mess up the process as I have never done that. 
Thanks!Luben
  

Re: unhappy upgrade

[Patrick Bartek]

On Mon, 4 Oct 2021 14:49:10 -0400
"Roy J. Tellason, Sr."  wrote:

> On Sunday 03 October 2021 07:48:38 pm Patrick Bartek wrote:
> > On Sun, 3 Oct 2021 12:49:12 -0400
> > "Roy J. Tellason, Sr."  wrote:  
>
>[snip]
>  
> > > > Reboot after each version upgrade, then do an apt-get
> > > > update/upgrade, etc.
> > > 
> > > Are you suggesting that I go through that for all of the
> > > versions, one after another?  
> > 
> > Yes.  You want to make sure that each version is fully up to date
> > BEFORE dist-upgrading to the next.  
> 
> How specifically do I do that?

Make sure your repo list in /etc/apt/ is correctly configured for
the version you just dist-upgraded to, then as root apt update ... apt
upgrade (NOT dist-upgrade).  That should do it.
 
> > Also, check that the repo sources list is correct for each
> > version.  
> 
> I'm assuming that you refer to /etc/apt/sources.list?  At the

Yes. Also check /etc/apt/sources.list.d for anything just in case.

> [snip]
> 
> > You can use dpkg to install, but it won't automatically take care
> > of dependencies.  I use gdebi-core, a command line utility, that
> > will install the .deb file correctly and install any dependencies.
> > You must be root to install.  
> 
> Is that another package that I should install?

It isn't installed as part of the OS. So, yes. However, if you don't
want to, use dpkg to install and apt-get -f to resolve the dependencies.

> > > > > [snip]
> > > 
> > > I have done similar in the passt,  with Slackware.  Which isually
> > > involves stickinng another hard drive in the machine.  I don't
> > > have one handy at present,  though,  and probably won't be
> > > getting one in the near-term.  
> > 
> > You really only need enough free space on a single drive to install
> > the new version.  I share the swap partition to conserve space. So,
> > I only need / and /home partitions for the new install. Some share
> > the /home partition, too, but I never have. The installer should
> > take care of setting up dual or multibooting as required.  
> 
> Okay,  now it sounds like you're talking about setting up another
> partition and doing a fresh install to that.  Which isn't what I
> did,  and I don't particularly plan to on that machine.  I've already
> done the one upgrade here,  it's somewhat broken,  though partially
> functional,  and I'd much rather spend my energies to fix that,
> rather than going that route...

I am. That's what I do.  I avoid dist-upgrading as I usually use
the OS until Long Term Support ends ... about 5 years, which is about
2 release versions. Saves a lot of time and headaches. In your case, it
would be the easiest, less problematical way to go since your first
dist-upgrade is partially broken. Just install Bullseye as a new
install, install what apps you need, copy over your data ... Done.

B

Re: slower Debian 11 after upgrade from 10

[Greg Wooledge]

On Tue, Oct 05, 2021 at 03:10:50AM +, L Dimov wrote:
> I am having slower performance on Debian 11 [...]

I'm guessing you mean slow video performance.

> dmesg | grep -i firmware
> [    2.072553] i915 :00:02.0: firmware: failed to load 
> i915/kbl_dmc_ver1_04.bin (-2)
> [    2.072556] firmware_class: See https://wiki.debian.org/Firmware for 
> information about missing firmware
> [    2.072558] i915 :00:02.0: Direct firmware load for 
> i915/kbl_dmc_ver1_04.bin failed with error -2
> [    2.072559] i915 :00:02.0: [drm] Failed to load DMC firmware 
> i915/kbl_dmc_ver1_04.bin. Disabling runtime power management.
[...]

> So as far as I can tell, I need i915/kbl_dmc_ver1_04.bin, 
> ar3k/AthrBT_0x3101.dfu, rtl_nic/rtl8153a-3.fw, and rtl_nic/rtl8153a-3.fw. 
> Is that true? And if yes, how do go about getting them?

In general, you can search for the specific filenames on
http://packages.debian.org/ to see which packages you need, and then
install those packages.

You'll either need to download the packages manually (not recommended),
or add contrib and non-free to your sources.list.  Doing the latter allows
you to receive upgrades to these packages in the future, so it's the
recommended way.

See  for
specific syntax.

After editing sources.list, "apt update" and then "apt install pkgnames".

Here are two of them:

unicorn:~$ dpkg -S i915/kbl_dmc_ver1_04.bin
firmware-misc-nonfree: /lib/firmware/i915/kbl_dmc_ver1_04.bin
unicorn:~$ dpkg -S rtl_nic/rtl8153a-3.fw
firmware-realtek: /lib/firmware/rtl_nic/rtl8153a-3.fw

You can use packages.debian.org, or apt-file, to get the names of the rest.

Re: unhappy upgrade

[Roy J. Tellason, Sr.]

On Monday 04 October 2021 07:55:25 pm David Wright wrote:
> On Mon 04 Oct 2021 at 15:25:23 (-0400), Roy J. Tellason, Sr. wrote:
> > On Sunday 03 October 2021 07:53:39 pm Greg Wooledge wrote:
> > > On Sun, Oct 03, 2021 at 04:48:38PM -0700, Patrick Bartek wrote:
> > > > On Sun, 3 Oct 2021 12:49:12 -0400 "Roy J. Tellason, Sr." wrote:
> > > > > I did do a download from their site.  But it's not clear to me where
> > > > > I need to put it and how to tell the package management software
> > > > > about it.
> > > > 
> > > > Did you download the .deb file of it?  You can use dpkg to install, but
> > > > it won't automatically take care of dependencies.  I use gdebi-core, a
> > > > command line utility, that will install the .deb file correctly and
> > > > install any dependencies. You must be root to install.
> > > 
> > > You can also use this command to install a locally-downloaded .deb
> > > package and its dependencies:
> > > 
> > > apt install ./filename.deb
> > 
> > Okay,  I was using a bunch of diferent apt-get commands to do the upgrade.  
> > This is part of why I'm getting confused,  too many tools with very similar
> > names...  :-) 
> > 
> > That *did* install it,  and also gave me a really long list of stuff that 
> > it said wasn't needed any more,  but which I didn't deal with at all.  I 
> > assume that the next
> > time around the apt-get autoremove command will take care of that?  It also 
> > downloaded one library to work with the package,  no big deal there. 
> > 
> > I don't see virtualbox in my applications menu.  Rebooting,  I am seeing a 
> > *lot* of disk activity,  don't know what it's doing there,  during the boot 
> > process.  After
> > it gets the whole way booted,  everything is smaller on my screen!  This is 
> > _not_ good for these 70-YO eyes, 
> > 
> > I had thought initially that the program had not been installed into my 
> > applications menu.  But it turns out that they changed the name!  Instead 
> > of being in there
> > under "virtualbox" it's now in there umder "Oracle VM Virtualbox",  which 
> > is why I missed it. 
> > 
> > Tried it out,  it runs.  I'm not going to start it right now as I'm 
> > currently still running it on this laptop,  and that would not go well.  I 
> > guess I need to deal with
> > moving some files around,  maybe do an rsync or something,  and then shut 
> > this one down. 
> > 
> > Incidentally the issues with Konqueror and Okular seem to have gone away as 
> > well.
> > 
> > Now the only thing I need to do is get things back to something like the 
> > sizes I had before so I can read 'em.  Hell,  I can't even read the clock 
> > in my taskbar! 
> > Any thoughts as to how to do that? 
> 
> It would help people trying to follow what you are doing just to confirm at 
> each stage which version you're now running.
> I /think/ you've got as far as stretch.

Yes,  I wanted to get the issues that I was seeing resolved before I went ahead 
and proceeded with the rest of the upgrades.  At this point I've copied things 
from the laptop (which got very flaky on me) back to the workstation and I am 
doing my mail there,  like I used to.  The font is too damn small,  though.
 
> So the main things to confirm as working are the specific points mentioned in 
> the respective Release Notes. In stretch that would
> be, for example, the 4.9 kernel is finding everything, 

About the only issue that I've noticed after this stuff all getting fixed is 
that there's something up with the sound.  Given the details of what advice I 
saw someone else getting,  I have a few things to look at.  The virtualbox OS 
complained about it too.  :-)

> that X may be running as a user (rather than root) on the console it's 
> started from, 

I'm not sure I see the concern here.

> and that your ethernet or wireless connectivity is still good. (Changes were 
> made to the kernel device naming.) 

Ethernet is working fine here,  as evidenced by the fact that I'm moving lots 
of data back and forth (32GB for this virtualbox stuff ferinstance) and that 
I'm doing my mail on this system now.  If there had been any issues with that I 
sure would've been jumping all over it,  as I tend to use networking rather 
heavily.  And there is no wireless on this machine.
 
> Those are just a few I recall, but note they all relate to the OS rather than 
> details in configuring third-party applications.
> Once that's done, time to read the next set of Release Notes. Note that even 
> things like the best tool (apt-get or aptitude) to
> upgrade with may vary from release to release which, remember, are normally 
> separated by a couple of years of tool development.
 
I saw a couple of references that stated that aptitude had been recommeded 
earlier but that apt was now a better choice.

So we'll see how it goes from here.  My upgrade path for this step went like 
this:

apt-get autoremove
edit the sources.list file replacing jessie with stretch
apt-get update
apt-get upgrade
apt-get dist-upgrade

Re: failed upgrade buster -> bullseye

[Greg Wooledge]

On Mon, Oct 04, 2021 at 04:12:49PM -0600, D. R. Evans wrote:
> I just tried to upgrade my main desktop machine (this machine) from buster
> to bullseye.
> 
> The upgrade halted with:
> 
> 
> 
> ...
> Setting up libgnustep-base1.27 (1.27.0-3) ...
> Processing triggers for shared-mime-info (2.0-1) ...
> Setting up gnustep-base-runtime (1.27.0-3) ...
> Setting up unar (1.10.1-2+b6) ...
> Errors were encountered while processing:
>  linux-image-5.10.0-8-amd64
>  linux-image-amd64
> 
> Sub-process /usr/bin/dpkg returned an error code (1)

You'll have to scroll back farther and find the actual error.  But
a good guess is "You ran out of space in /boot".  Very common.

Re: unhappy upgrade

[David Wright]

On Mon 04 Oct 2021 at 15:25:23 (-0400), Roy J. Tellason, Sr. wrote:
> On Sunday 03 October 2021 07:53:39 pm Greg Wooledge wrote:
> > On Sun, Oct 03, 2021 at 04:48:38PM -0700, Patrick Bartek wrote:
> > > On Sun, 3 Oct 2021 12:49:12 -0400 "Roy J. Tellason, Sr." wrote:
> > > > I did do a download from their site.  But it's not clear to me where
> > > > I need to put it and how to tell the package management software
> > > > about it.
> > > 
> > > Did you download the .deb file of it?  You can use dpkg to install, but
> > > it won't automatically take care of dependencies.  I use gdebi-core, a
> > > command line utility, that will install the .deb file correctly and
> > > install any dependencies. You must be root to install.
> > 
> > You can also use this command to install a locally-downloaded .deb
> > package and its dependencies:
> > 
> > apt install ./filename.deb
> 
> Okay,  I was using a bunch of diferent apt-get commands to do the upgrade.  
> This is part of why I'm getting confused,  too many tools with very similar 
> names...  :-)
> 
> That *did* install it,  and also gave me a really long list of stuff that it 
> said wasn't needed any more,  but which I didn't deal with at all.  I assume 
> that the next time around the apt-get autoremove command will take care of 
> that?  It also downloaded one library to work with the package,  no big deal 
> there.
> 
> I don't see virtualbox in my applications menu.  Rebooting,  I am seeing a 
> *lot* of disk activity,  don't know what it's doing there,  during the boot 
> process.  After it gets the whole way booted,  everything is smaller on my 
> screen!  This is _not_ good for these 70-YO eyes,
> 
> I had thought initially that the program had not been installed into my 
> applications menu.  But it turns out that they changed the name!  Instead of 
> being in there under "virtualbox" it's now in there umder "Oracle VM 
> Virtualbox",  which is why I missed it.
> 
> Tried it out,  it runs.  I'm not going to start it right now as I'm currently 
> still running it on this laptop,  and that would not go well.  I guess I need 
> to deal with moving some files around,  maybe do an rsync or something,  and 
> then shut this one down.
> 
> Incidentally the issues with Konqueror and Okular seem to have gone away as 
> well.
> 
> Now the only thing I need to do is get things back to something like the 
> sizes I had before so I can read 'em.  Hell,  I can't even read the clock in 
> my taskbar!  Any thoughts as to how to do that?

It would help people trying to follow what you are doing just to
confirm at each stage which version you're now running.
I /think/ you've got as far as stretch.

So the main things to confirm as working are the specific points
mentioned in the respective Release Notes. In stretch that would
be, for example, the 4.9 kernel is finding everything, that X may
be running as a user (rather than root) on the console it's started
from, and that your ethernet or wireless connectivity is still good.
(Changes were made to the kernel device naming.)

Those are just a few I recall, but note they all relate to the OS
rather than details in configuring third-party applications.
Once that's done, time to read the next set of Release Notes.
Note that even things like the best tool (apt-get or aptitude) to
upgrade with may vary from release to release which, remember,
are normally separated by a couple of years of tool development.

Cheers,
David.

Re: failed upgrade buster -> bullseye

[David Wright]

On Mon 04 Oct 2021 at 16:12:49 (-0600), D. R. Evans wrote:
> I just tried to upgrade my main desktop machine (this machine) from
> buster to bullseye.
> 
> The upgrade halted with:
> 
> 
> 
> ...
> Setting up libgnustep-base1.27 (1.27.0-3) ...
> Processing triggers for shared-mime-info (2.0-1) ...
> Setting up gnustep-base-runtime (1.27.0-3) ...
> Setting up unar (1.10.1-2+b6) ...
> Errors were encountered while processing:
>  linux-image-5.10.0-8-amd64
>  linux-image-amd64
> 
> Sub-process /usr/bin/dpkg returned an error code (1)
> 
> 
> 
> I have no idea what to do (other than to refrain from rebooting and
> hope that I don't lose power for so long that the UPS dies).
> 
> How do I start to find and fix the problem???
> 
> I do have a script record of the entire upgrade. It's about 6MB in length.

So I would type:

$ col -b < your-typescript-file | less

and then the less commands:

-j 12 
/linux-image 

and then n to see the next match for linux-image. That may give you
some idea of what failed. FAOD no space is typed between /linux-image
and the  keystroke. col -b is not perfect so the file will
look a little messy in parts, with extra characters. -j is just to
give 12 lines of context before the matching string, to save scrolling.

Cheers,
David.

Re: Shared folder and wireless printer for qemu/kvm

[Gary L. Roach]

Thanks for the reply

I am interested in printer only. As I stated in my email: The HP printer 
is wifi connected to my local network and is accessible by all of the 
computers on the network. *This includes the host system*. Right now the 
shared folder is probably more important because I can then switch 
systems and print a file from the host system.


Gary R.

On 10/4/21 3:08 PM, Charles Curley wrote:

On Mon, 4 Oct 2021 14:10:21 -0700
"Gary L. Roach"  wrote:


I have my Debian 11 installation as host. I installed Debian 10 on
qemu/kvm to run a program that needs Qt4. I need to set up a shared
folder and connection to my wifi networked HP Officejet Pro 8600
printer.

What do you need to connect to it for? Printing? Scanning? Both?

The first thing I would do is make sure I can access the printer from
the host OS. Then see if CUPS/SANE on the guest will find the printer by
itself. If not, I'd copy the CUPS setup by copy and paste from the host
to the guest. For SANE, I'd copy /etc/sane.d/dll.d/hplip over.

The SANE driver will almost certainly be hpaio.

Another possibility for the printer is to make the host instance
sharable and use that share on the guest.

Re: failed upgrade buster -> bullseye

[D. R. Evans]

D. R. Evans wrote on 10/4/21 4:12 PM:

I just tried to upgrade my main desktop machine (this machine) from buster to
bullseye.



I am suspicious that the problem is related to having root on ZFS on this 
machine. So I have posted a request for help on the zfsonlinux reflector, and 
probably it would be best if no one here spent much (or any) time thinking 
about the problem unless/until I am satisfied that the issue is unrelated to ZFS.


  Doc

--
Web:  http://enginehousebooks.com/drevans

failed upgrade buster -> bullseye

[D. R. Evans]

I just tried to upgrade my main desktop machine (this machine) from buster to 
bullseye.


The upgrade halted with:



...
Setting up libgnustep-base1.27 (1.27.0-3) ...
Processing triggers for shared-mime-info (2.0-1) ...
Setting up gnustep-base-runtime (1.27.0-3) ...
Setting up unar (1.10.1-2+b6) ...
Errors were encountered while processing:
 linux-image-5.10.0-8-amd64
 linux-image-amd64

Sub-process /usr/bin/dpkg returned an error code (1)



I have no idea what to do (other than to refrain from rebooting and hope that 
I don't lose power for so long that the UPS dies).


How do I start to find and fix the problem???

I do have a script record of the entire upgrade. It's about 6MB in length.

  Doc

--
Web:  http://enginehousebooks.com/drevans

Re: Shared folder and wireless printer for qemu/kvm

[Charles Curley]

On Mon, 4 Oct 2021 14:10:21 -0700
"Gary L. Roach"  wrote:

> I have my Debian 11 installation as host. I installed Debian 10 on 
> qemu/kvm to run a program that needs Qt4. I need to set up a shared 
> folder and connection to my wifi networked HP Officejet Pro 8600 
> printer.

What do you need to connect to it for? Printing? Scanning? Both?

The first thing I would do is make sure I can access the printer from
the host OS. Then see if CUPS/SANE on the guest will find the printer by
itself. If not, I'd copy the CUPS setup by copy and paste from the host
to the guest. For SANE, I'd copy /etc/sane.d/dll.d/hplip over.

The SANE driver will almost certainly be hpaio.

Another possibility for the printer is to make the host instance
sharable and use that share on the guest.

-- 
Does anybody read signatures any more?

https://charlescurley.com
https://charlescurley.com/blog/

Re: Executar um programa no modo gráfico no momento da inicialização do Debian

[Daniel Venturini]

Olá, Amarildo, tudo bem?

Seguinte, isso vai depender de qual interface gráfica você está usando.
No meu Debian estou usando o Xfce4, então eu consigo colocar um comando
para executar sempre que eu faço login no sistema.
Nesse caso, eu vou em *Applications* (meu inicar haha) -> *Settings*
-> *Session
and Startup*.
Clico na aba *Application* Autostart e no botão *+*.
Finalmente, eu coloco o comando que eu quero que execute.

Por exemplo, eu coloquei o comando *Thunar*, então toda vez que eu faço
login no sistema, abre o gerenciador de arquivos.
No teu caso, seria apenas substituir o comando Thunar pelo comando que
inicializa o teu programa Pascal.

Se você não estiver usando o Xfce4, posta o nome da tua interface gráfica
para ficar mais fácil de ajudar.

Espero ter ajudado.

Abraços.

Authentication in CUPS (IPP) and sane (eSCL)?

[Charles Curley]

I have just bought an HP LaserJet MFP M232-M237 - IPP Everywhere. It
will let me require authentication for IPP clients. This would be a
nice thing to have in a SOHO environment, and a requirement in any
large institution.

I can set the printer easily enough. What I haven't been able to do is
tell CUPS to authenticate itself. How do I do that?

Similarly for eSCL Authentication and sane?

Searching has been less than elucidating.

-- 
Does anybody read signatures any more?

https://charlescurley.com
https://charlescurley.com/blog/

Re: Your Thoughts on Printer Replacement

[Charles Curley]

On Fri, 17 Sep 2021 16:41:45 -0600
Charles Curley  wrote:

> I have an HP Officejet Pro L7700, which is starting to show its age.
> Also HP has discontinued the standard size cartridges. I can get the
> large ones. I suspect I could buy a printer for what four large
> cartridges would cost me.

Well, that last sentence turned out to be close. While in the Big
City I went by the local Staples, and bought an HP LaserJet MFP
M232-M237 - IPP Everywhere printer/scanner for under $250.

It took a bit of finagling to get me started, but that turned out to be
a problem with my isc-dhcpd DHCP server. Also, setting the thing up
requires HP's HP Smart app. I happen to have an iPhone, so I could use
it. A pure Linux shop would be SOL.

It also took about 38 minutes on the phone with HP's support line. Sigh.

Once I had the printer talking to the phone, things moved quickly.

The only thing this printer doesn't have is color printing. Apparently
color printers are rare right now. But I have a local print shop to whom
I can email PDFs, and that works nicely. And the price delta will more
than pay for the print shop.

I did have one software issue. Debian 10 (Buster) has HPLIP
3.18.12+dfsg0-2, which does not appear to support the beast. However,
Debian 11 (Bullseye) xsane (3.21.2+dfsg1-2) found it across the network
with no quibbles, and I was able to scan immediately with no setup.
Very nice.

Thank you for all the advice.


-- 
Does anybody read signatures any more?

https://charlescurley.com
https://charlescurley.com/blog/

Shared folder and wireless printer for qemu/kvm

[Gary L. Roach]

Hi all,

Operating System: Debian GNU/Linux 11
KDE Plasma Version: 5.20.5
KDE Frameworks Version: 5.78.0
Qt Version: 5.15.2
Kernel Version: 5.10.0-8-amd64
OS Type: 64-bit
Processors: 4 × AMD FX(tm)-4350 Quad-Core Processor
Memory: 15.6 GiB of RAM
Graphics Processor: AMD CAICOS

I have my Debian 11 installation as host. I installed Debian 10 on 
qemu/kvm to run a program that needs Qt4. I need to set up a shared 
folder and connection to my wifi networked HP Officejet Pro 8600 
printer. I have searched for a shared folder setup on the internet and 
have found multiple setups that don't agree with each other. Further, I 
don't remember the process to be so complicated when I did this before. 
Does anyone have a simple straight forward setup method.


I have not found a printer setup that works for my system. I can ping 
the printer from the guest OP. So the network bridge seems to be working 
fine. The HP printer is wifi connected to my local network and is 
accessible by all of the computers on the network. This includes the 
host system. I have Cups installed on both the host and guest systems. 
Nothing I do seems to find the printer. Note: Firefox works fine on the 
guest OS.


Any help will be sincerely appreciated.

Gary R.

Re: Configuracao PT-BR em teclado US

[caio abreu ferreira]

    Prezado Paulino

    Agora esta funcionando. Foi questão somente de alterar o arquivo 
/etc/environment e acrescentar o parâmetro abaixo.


ç ç ç ç ç

Atenciosamente,


 .''`.   Caio Abreu Ferreira
: :'  :  abreuf...@gmail.com
`. `'`   Debian User
  `-


On 10/4/21 5:30 PM, Paulino Kenji Sato wrote:

Ola,
Esse e um problema recorrente, que toda atualização parece retornar.
Aqui no Debian 10.10, no arquivo
/etc/default/keyboard tem o seguinte:
XKBMODEL="pc105"
XKBLAYOUT="us"
XKBVARIANT="us_intl"
XKBOPTIONS=""
BACKSPACE="guess"
E no  /etc/environment
GTK_IM_MODULE=cedilla
QT_IM_MODULE=cedilla
XCOMPOSEFILE=/usr/share/X11/locale/pt_BR.UTF-8/Compose

Conteúdo do arquivo Compose (pode ser que esteja truncado devido a 
problemas de encoding)

# UTF-8 (Unicode) compose sequences
#
# Originally modified for Brazilian Portuguese
#   by Gustavo Noronha Silva mailto:k...@debian.org>>.
# Transformed to an include file plus some overrides
#   by Benno Schulenberg >


# Use the sequences from en_US.UTF-8 as the basis:
include "/usr/share/X11/locale/en_US.UTF-8/Compose"

# This one should probably be deleted, because in
# en_US.UTF8 this is lowercase schwa, not uppercase:
   : "Ə" U018f

# Two nice additions -- maybe add to en_US.UTF8?
   : "〝" U301d # REVERSED DOUBLE PRIME 
QUOTATION MARK
     : "〞" U301e # DOUBLE PRIME QUOTATION 
MARK


#  Overriding C with acute:
  : "Ç" Ccedilla # LATIN CAPITAL LETTER C WITH CEDILLA
  : "ç" ccedilla # LATIN SMALL LETTER C WITH CEDILLA

#  Overriding E with ogonek:
   : "Ȩ" U0228 # LATIN CAPITAL LETTER E WITH CEDILLA
   : "ȩ" U0229 # LATIN SMALL LETTER E WITH CEDILLA

#  Overriding U with ogonek:
: "Ḝ" U1E1C # LATIN CAPITAL LETTER E WITH 
CEDILLA AND BREVE
: "ḝ" U1E1D # LATIN SMALL LETTER E WITH 
CEDILLA AND BREVE


# These two should probably go back into en_US.UTF8;
# they were most likely mistakenly dropped in June 2006:
   : "ϓ" U03D3 # GREEK UPSILON WITH ACUTE AND 
HOOK SYMBOL

  On Mon, Oct 4, 2021 at 5:16 PM caio abreu ferreira 
mailto:abreuf...@gmail.com>> wrote:


    All

    Eu também estou utilizando a versão testing do debian e estou
tendo problema somente com a letra C cedilha, ć, não esta
funcionando corretamente. Eu estou utilizando o XFCE4.

    Alguém teria alguma ideia do que pode estar errado?



On 9/18/21 10:02 PM, Alex Porto dos Santos wrote

Ola
Se for gnome
Em configurações > Fontes de entrada
No botão de mais > outro  e pesquisa a linguagem
Uso o atalho de teclado: bandeira(windows) + espaço para alternar
entre as linguagens
ajuda um monte
image.png

Em sáb., 18 de set. de 2021 às 17:14, Gerson
mailto:haus_cean...@yahoo.com.br>>
escreveu:

Prezados,

Utilizo debian testing em um notebook com teclado US e layout BR.
Na ultima atualizacao perdi esta configuracao e nao encontrei
como retornar.

Poderiam me ajudar, por favor?

Grato,
Gerson Luiz Haus




--
Paulino Kenji Sato

Re: Configuracao PT-BR em teclado US

[caio abreu ferreira]

    Prezado Leandro Ramos

    Agora esta funcionando. Foi questão somente de alterar o arquivo 
/etc/environment e acrescentar o parâmetro abaixo.


ç ç ç ç ç

Atenciosamente,

On 10/4/21 5:33 PM, Leandro Ramos wrote:
Normalmente, no meu teclado americano, eu seleciono o layout "Inglês 
EUA Alt. Internacional", e coloco a seguinte linha no arquivo 
/etc/environment:


GTK_IM_MODULE=cedilla

Mas isso é para o meu ambiente - GNOME. Não sei se é o mesmo caso de 
vocês.



Abraços.
Leandro Ramos.

Em seg, 2021-10-04 às 17:16 -0300, caio abreu ferreira escreveu:


    All

    Eu também estou utilizando a versão testing do debian e estou 
tendo problema somente com a letra C cedilha, ć, não esta funcionando 
corretamente. Eu estou utilizando o XFCE4.


    Alguém teria alguma ideia do que pode estar errado?



On 9/18/21 10:02 PM, Alex Porto dos Santos wrote


Ola
Se for gnome
Em configurações > Fontes de entrada
No botão de mais > outro  e pesquisa a linguagem
Uso o atalho de teclado: bandeira(windows) + espaço para alternar 
entre as linguagens

ajuda um monte
image.png

Em sáb., 18 de set. de 2021 às 17:14, Gerson 
mailto:haus_cean...@yahoo.com.br>> escreveu:



Prezados,

Utilizo debian testing em um notebook com teclado US e layout BR.
Na ultima atualizacao perdi esta configuracao e nao encontrei como 
retornar.


Poderiam me ajudar, por favor?

Grato,
Gerson Luiz Haus

Re: Configuracao PT-BR em teclado US

[Leandro Ramos]

Normalmente, no meu teclado americano, eu seleciono o layout "Inglês
EUA Alt. Internacional", e coloco a seguinte linha no arquivo
/etc/environment:

GTK_IM_MODULE=cedilla

Mas isso é para o meu ambiente - GNOME. Não sei se é o mesmo caso de
vocês.


Abraços.
Leandro Ramos.

Em seg, 2021-10-04 às 17:16 -0300, caio abreu ferreira escreveu:
>     All
>     Eu também estou utilizando a versão testing do debian e estou
> tendo problema somente com a letra C cedilha, ć, não esta funcionando
> corretamente. Eu estou utilizando o XFCE4.
>     Alguém teria alguma ideia do que pode estar errado?
> 
> 
> On 9/18/21 10:02 PM, Alex Porto dos Santos wrote
> 
> > 
> > Ola 
> > Se for gnome
> > Em configurações > Fontes de entrada  
> > No botão de mais > outro  e pesquisa a linguagem
> > Uso o atalho de teclado: bandeira(windows) + espaço para alternar
> > entre as linguagens
> > ajuda um monte 
> > image.png
> > 
> > Em sáb., 18 de set. de 2021 às 17:14, Gerson
> >  escreveu:
> > 
> > > Prezados,
> > > 
> > > Utilizo debian testing em um notebook com teclado US e layout BR.
> > > Na ultima atualizacao perdi esta configuracao e nao encontrei
> > > como retornar.
> > > 
> > > Poderiam me ajudar, por favor?
> > > 
> > > Grato,
> > > Gerson Luiz Haus
> > > 

Re: Configuracao PT-BR em teclado US

[Paulino Kenji Sato]

Ola,
Esse e um problema recorrente, que toda atualização parece retornar.
Aqui no Debian 10.10, no arquivo
/etc/default/keyboard tem o seguinte:
XKBMODEL="pc105"
XKBLAYOUT="us"
XKBVARIANT="us_intl"
XKBOPTIONS=""
BACKSPACE="guess"
E no  /etc/environment
GTK_IM_MODULE=cedilla
QT_IM_MODULE=cedilla
XCOMPOSEFILE=/usr/share/X11/locale/pt_BR.UTF-8/Compose

Conteúdo do arquivo Compose (pode ser que esteja truncado devido a
problemas de encoding)
# UTF-8 (Unicode) compose sequences
#
# Originally modified for Brazilian Portuguese
#   by Gustavo Noronha Silva .
# Transformed to an include file plus some overrides
#   by Benno Schulenberg 

# Use the sequences from en_US.UTF-8 as the basis:
include "/usr/share/X11/locale/en_US.UTF-8/Compose"

# This one should probably be deleted, because in
# en_US.UTF8 this is lowercase schwa, not uppercase:
   : "Ə" U018f

# Two nice additions -- maybe add to en_US.UTF8?
   : "〝" U301d # REVERSED DOUBLE PRIME
QUOTATION MARK
 : "〞" U301e # DOUBLE PRIME QUOTATION MARK

#  Overriding C with acute:
  : "Ç" Ccedilla # LATIN CAPITAL LETTER C WITH CEDILLA
  : "ç" ccedilla # LATIN SMALL LETTER C WITH CEDILLA

#  Overriding E with ogonek:
   : "Ȩ" U0228 # LATIN CAPITAL LETTER E WITH CEDILLA
   : "ȩ" U0229 # LATIN SMALL LETTER E WITH CEDILLA

#  Overriding U with ogonek:
: "Ḝ" U1E1C # LATIN CAPITAL LETTER E WITH
CEDILLA AND BREVE
: "ḝ" U1E1D # LATIN SMALL LETTER E WITH CEDILLA
AND BREVE

# These two should probably go back into en_US.UTF8;
# they were most likely mistakenly dropped in June 2006:
   : "ϓ" U03D3 # GREEK UPSILON WITH ACUTE AND HOOK
SYMBOL
  
wrote:

> All
>
> Eu também estou utilizando a versão testing do debian e estou tendo
> problema somente com a letra C cedilha, ć, não esta funcionando
> corretamente. Eu estou utilizando o XFCE4.
>
> Alguém teria alguma ideia do que pode estar errado?
>
>
>
> On 9/18/21 10:02 PM, Alex Porto dos Santos wrote
>
> Ola
> Se for gnome
> Em configurações > Fontes de entrada
> No botão de mais > outro  e pesquisa a linguagem
> Uso o atalho de teclado: bandeira(windows) + espaço para alternar entre as
> linguagens
> ajuda um monte
> [image: image.png]
>
> Em sáb., 18 de set. de 2021 às 17:14, Gerson 
> escreveu:
>
>> Prezados,
>>
>> Utilizo debian testing em um notebook com teclado US e layout BR.
>> Na ultima atualizacao perdi esta configuracao e nao encontrei como
>> retornar.
>>
>> Poderiam me ajudar, por favor?
>>
>> Grato,
>> Gerson Luiz Haus
>>
>

-- 
Paulino Kenji Sato

Re: Configuracao PT-BR em teclado US

[caio abreu ferreira]

    All

    Eu também estou utilizando a versão testing do debian e estou tendo 
problema somente com a letra C cedilha, ć, não esta funcionando 
corretamente. Eu estou utilizando o XFCE4.


    Alguém teria alguma ideia do que pode estar errado?



On 9/18/21 10:02 PM, Alex Porto dos Santos wrote

Ola
Se for gnome
Em configurações > Fontes de entrada
No botão de mais > outro  e pesquisa a linguagem
Uso o atalho de teclado: bandeira(windows) + espaço para alternar 
entre as linguagens

ajuda um monte
image.png

Em sáb., 18 de set. de 2021 às 17:14, Gerson 
mailto:haus_cean...@yahoo.com.br>> escreveu:


Prezados,

Utilizo debian testing em um notebook com teclado US e layout BR.
Na ultima atualizacao perdi esta configuracao e nao encontrei como
retornar.

Poderiam me ajudar, por favor?

Grato,
Gerson Luiz Haus

Re: pregunta sobre el nucli Linux

[Julio Amorós]

>> Cap programa no t'hauria de donar mai cap incidència pel fet de no tenir
>> memòria d'intercanvi (Swap) a la unitat interna de l'ordinador. La
>> pràctica totalitat dels programes deleguen la gestió de memòria al nucli
>> del sistema operatiu, que és el què gestiona la diferència entre memòria
>> real (RAM) i memòria virtual (Swap), però ho presenta tot davant els
>> programes com a «memòria».
>>
>> Per tant, pots ometre perfectament l'ús d'espai d'intercanvi (swap) si
>> creus que amb la quantitat disponible de memòria RAM els programes n'han
>> de fer prou tots els dies.
>>
>
Sí, entenc que així hauria de ser, però he vist tantes coses curioses ... :)



>
>> Pel què fa a la hibernació:
>> https://wiki.debian.org/Hibernation/Hibernate_Without_Swap_Partition
>> El què no sé és si es pot fer això sense utilitzar el fitxer com a «Swap».
>>
>
> Si poseu a /etc/sysctl.conf
>
> vm.swappiness=0
>
> els processos no usaran el swap però sí que es podrà usar per a la
> hibernació.
>
> Font:
>
>
> https://www.digitalocean.com/community/tutorials/how-to-add-swap-space-on-debian-10
>
>
Molt interessant, gràcies a tots dos.




-- 
__


   -

   El 2003 el català era la llengua habitual del 46 % dels catalans. Al
   2018 només del 36 %. Si els castellanoparlants no actuem, desapareixerà.
   -

   El 3 de novembre representa el moment de l'any en el que les dones
   deixen de cobrar en comparació amb els homes. Hem d’ajudar a les dones a
   eliminar aquesta data.
   -

   L’administració pública cada any es gasta milions d’euros en llicències
   de programari privatiu. Utilitzant programari lliure estalviem costos i
   incentivem l’economia local.

*La neutralitat davant les desigualtats acaba accentuant-les.*

Re: unhappy upgrade

[Roy J. Tellason, Sr.]

On Sunday 03 October 2021 07:53:39 pm Greg Wooledge wrote:
> On Sun, Oct 03, 2021 at 04:48:38PM -0700, Patrick Bartek wrote:
> > On Sun, 3 Oct 2021 12:49:12 -0400
> > "Roy J. Tellason, Sr."  wrote:
> > > I did do a download from their site.  But it's not clear to me where
> > > I need to put it and how to tell the package management software
> > > about it.
> > 
> > Did you download the .deb file of it?  You can use dpkg to install, but
> > it won't automatically take care of dependencies.  I use gdebi-core, a
> > command line utility, that will install the .deb file correctly and
> > install any dependencies. You must be root to install.
> 
> You can also use this command to install a locally-downloaded .deb
> package and its dependencies:
> 
> apt install ./filename.deb

Okay,  I was using a bunch of diferent apt-get commands to do the upgrade.  
This is part of why I'm getting confused,  too many tools with very similar 
names...  :-)

That *did* install it,  and also gave me a really long list of stuff that it 
said wasn't needed any more,  but which I didn't deal with at all.  I assume 
that the next time around the apt-get autoremove command will take care of 
that?  It also downloaded one library to work with the package,  no big deal 
there.

I don't see virtualbox in my applications menu.  Rebooting,  I am seeing a 
*lot* of disk activity,  don't know what it's doing there,  during the boot 
process.  After it gets the whole way booted,  everything is smaller on my 
screen!  This is _not_ good for these 70-YO eyes,

I had thought initially that the program had not been installed into my 
applications menu.  But it turns out that they changed the name!  Instead of 
being in there under "virtualbox" it's now in there umder "Oracle VM 
Virtualbox",  which is why I missed it.

Tried it out,  it runs.  I'm not going to start it right now as I'm currently 
still running it on this laptop,  and that would not go well.  I guess I need 
to deal with moving some files around,  maybe do an rsync or something,  and 
then shut this one down.

Incidentally the issues with Konqueror and Okular seem to have gone away as 
well.

Now the only thing I need to do is get things back to something like the sizes 
I had before so I can read 'em.  Hell,  I can't even read the clock in my 
taskbar!  Any thoughts as to how to do that?

-- 
Member of the toughest, meanest, deadliest, most unrelenting -- and
ablest -- form of life in this section of space,  a critter that can
be killed but can't be tamed.  --Robert A. Heinlein, "The Puppet Masters"
-
Information is more dangerous than cannon to a society ruled by lies. --James 
M Dakin

Re: unhappy upgrade

[Roy J. Tellason, Sr.]

On Sunday 03 October 2021 07:48:38 pm Patrick Bartek wrote:
> On Sun, 3 Oct 2021 12:49:12 -0400
> "Roy J. Tellason, Sr."  wrote:
> > > Also, read and follow the Release Notes of dist-upgrade for each
> > > version.  
> > 
> > Where are these to be found?
> 
> https://www.debian.org/releases/jessie/releasenotes
> https://www.debian.org/releases/stretch/releasenotes
> https://www.debian.org/releases/buster/releasenotes
> https://www.debian.org/releases/stable/releasenotes (Bullseye)

Okay,  looking the first one over it's not particularly pertinent since I'm not 
upgrading to jessie,  but away from it.  Looking over the next one,   lots of 
stuff in there amd I can see where some of it doesn't apply to my situation 
here but out of the rest of it I'm not sure just what _does_ apply.  I haven't 
looked over the last two yet, figuring that I'm not there yet and will worry 
about that a bit later...
 
> Here's the main document page:
> 
> https://www.debian.org/doc/

Noted.
 
> > > Reboot after each version upgrade, then do an apt-get update/upgrade, 
> > > etc.  
> > 
> > Are you suggesting that I go through that for all of the versions, one 
> > after another?
> 
> Yes.  You want to make sure that each version is fully up to date BEFORE 
> dist-upgrading to the next.

How specifically do I do that?

> Also, check that the repo sources list is correct for each version.

I'm assuming that you refer to /etc/apt/sources.list?  At the beginning of this 
process I edited it changing references to jessie to refer to stretch.  I 
apparently messed up with not including the line to read the DVD,  so I ended 
up downloading a *lot* of stuff that I already had on hand here.  One thing 
that I found curious is that I saw the system also downloading some i386 
packages,  and am not sure why it did that since I'm only expecting to need the 
amd64 packages.  I suppose I could find these and delete them to free up some 
disk space,  but space isn't that much of a problem on the system in question 
at the moment.  I appear to have in excess of 150GB free space at the moment...
 
> > > > For some reason,  the software decided to remove virtualbox.
> > > > Which is a real problem,  because it's inside a virtual machine
> > > > that I do all of my mail,  so I couldn't get at my mail for a
> > > > while.  In Synaptic Package Manager if I try to install it I get
> > > > the following error message:
> > > > 
> > > > "Package virtualbox has no available version, but exists in the
> > > > database.  This typically means that the package was mentioned in
> > > > a dependency and never uploaded,  has been obsoleted or is not
> > > > available with the contents of sources.list"
> > > > 
> > > > I got temporarily past this by installing 8 on this laptop I'm
> > > > currently typimg on.  Some things are decidedly less convenient.  
> > > 
> > > Complete the dist-upgrade for all versions, then reinstall
> > > VirtualBox. Be sure you saved all your VMs before the
> > > dist-upgrade(s).  They may be deleted.
> > 
> > Yes,  I did save them and will do so again before I proceed,  since
> > I'm modifying this one as I type here... 

Still...

> > > I don't use the VB version in the Debian repos, but download and
> > > install the .deb directly from their web site.  During the install
> > > the VB repo will be set up.  
> > 
> > I did do a download from their site.  But it's not clear to me where
> > I need to put it and how to tell the package management software
> > about it.
> 
> Did you download the .deb file of it?  

Yes.

> You can use dpkg to install, but it won't automatically take care of 
> dependencies.  I use gdebi-core, a
> command line utility, that will install the .deb file correctly and
> install any dependencies. You must be root to install.

Is that another package that I should install?

> > > > Firefox is majorly different,  apparently having gone from 68.9.0
> > > > --> 78.14.0esr.  It no longer uses the font that I'm telling it
> > > > to,  and for some odd reason won't play any youtube videos any
> > > > more.  Instead I see a message on the screen that says "if video
> > > > doesn't start momentarily restart your device".  Huh?
> > > > 
> > > > Konqueror is also broken,  I get "Could not start proess Unable to
> > > > create io-slave: klauncher said: Error loading 'kio_file'"...
> > > > 
> > > > Trying to open a file with Okular gets me a similar message.  
> > > 
> > > Complete the entire dist-upgrade before trying to fix problems.
> > > The problems may fix themselves.  
> > 
> > For all of the versions,  straight through to 11?
> 
> More or less.  Check the repos are the correct for that version,
> Update/upgrade, then reboot. The Release Notes gives full
> instructions.

In addition to the release notes,  I have tabs open in firefox detailing the 
upgrade from each version to the next,  and that's what I was using to do what 
I've done so far...
  
> > > > I don't see any way to back out of these changes,  or any 

gnome-control-center error: Settings schema 'org.gnome.settings-daemon.plugins.power' does not contain a key named 'power-saver-profile-on-low-battery'

[Richard Forst]

My gnome-control-center version is 41.0. 
I started to test changing some setting in gnome-control-center; however it 
suddenly crashed and relaunching (by re-executing gnome-control-center command 
in the terminal) shows the following error. It looks like a key is missing. But 
how can I add it back or fix this error? Thanks
(gnome-control-center:19500): GLib-GIO-ERROR **: 01:23:11.959: Settings schema 
'org.gnome.settings-daemon.plugins.power' does not contain a key named 
'power-saver-profile-on-low-battery'Trace/breakpoint trap

Re: No sound after bullseye install

[Bob Latest]

On Mon, 04 Oct 2021 07:35:28 +0200
deloptes  wrote:

> you have 
> 
> hardware -> kernel driver -> alsa -> pulseaudio -> application
> 
> - kernel driver utilizes the hardware
> - alsa utilizes the kernel driver
> - PA utilizes ALSA and provides a unified interface + capabilities
> 
> so it could be anything in the chain - check if you need firmware for
> example if ALSA works (aplay etc) then check the next in the chain

Yeah, that was it. I hadn't installed ALSA at all. I wasn't aware that
pulseaudio sits on top of ALSA.

Thanks!

Executar um programa no modo gráfico no momento da inicialização do Debian

[Amarildo Machoski]

Boa tarde,



Primeiramente gostaria de agradecer em participar, espero também porder
colaborar.



Como é a primeira vez que estou mandando uma dúvida não sei se estou
fazendo de modo correto enviando este e-mail.





Estou voltando a utuilizar o Linux e escolhi o Debian para utilizar aqui na
empresa. Tenho algum conhecimento com Linux mas de muito tempo atrás.





1) Instalaei a versão 11 em um PC e rodo somente Linux neste PC



2) Sou programador pascal, desenvolvi um programa e gostaria que ao startar
o Debian , este programa desenvolvido por mim abrisse em seguida na tela.



Encontrei alguma coisa na internet falando sobre



"Sessão de inicialização" . Porém não consegui chegar nessa tal de
sessão..  se este for o caminho eu precisaria de um passo a passo.

Até porque simplismente instalei o Debian, mas não sei se para ter essa
sessão disponível ficou faltando instalar algo.



Peço desculpas se não consegui transmitir minha dúvida de modo claro.



Se alguém puder me auxiliar, ficarei muito grato.

Re: pregunta sobre el nucli Linux

[Josep Lladonosa]

El dl., 4 d’oct. 2021, 18:03, Narcis Garcia  va
escriure:

> El 3/10/21 a les 20:57, Julio Amorós ha escrit:
> >
> >
> >
> >
> > El problema és quan el sistema es queda sense memòria i comença a fer
> > servir swap el funcionament es s'alenteix tant que el sistema queda
> > inutilitzable, fins al punt que no és possible ni tan sols matar el
> > procés manualment.  Suposo que si t'esperes suficientment
> l'oom-killer
> > l'acabaria matant, però jo mai he tingut tanta paciència.
> Personalment
> > he optat per no tenir swap, per evitar aquestes situacions.
> >
> > Salutacions.
> >
> > Tot i que se m'escapa algun concepte trobo interessantíssim el que
> > entenc. Desviant-me una mica del tema i entenen que no hi ha una
> > resposta universal, com bé diu Eloy ni per a un mateix usuari, em
> > recomaneu per a ordinadors d'alumnes de cicles no posar swap?
> > A banda de que la swap vagi bé per a la hibernació, he pensat que el dia
> > que decideixi no tenir-la trobaré un programa antic i important de
> > Murphy amb un if que m'enviarà a l'infern si no troba la swap. Però
> > potser són paranoies.
> > Vagi bé
> > Julio
> >
>
> Cap programa no t'hauria de donar mai cap incidència pel fet de no tenir
> memòria d'intercanvi (Swap) a la unitat interna de l'ordinador. La
> pràctica totalitat dels programes deleguen la gestió de memòria al nucli
> del sistema operatiu, que és el què gestiona la diferència entre memòria
> real (RAM) i memòria virtual (Swap), però ho presenta tot davant els
> programes com a «memòria».
>
> Per tant, pots ometre perfectament l'ús d'espai d'intercanvi (swap) si
> creus que amb la quantitat disponible de memòria RAM els programes n'han
> de fer prou tots els dies.
>
> Pel què fa a la hibernació:
> https://wiki.debian.org/Hibernation/Hibernate_Without_Swap_Partition
> El què no sé és si es pot fer això sense utilitzar el fitxer com a «Swap».
>

Si poseu a /etc/sysctl.conf

vm.swappiness=0

els processos no usaran el swap però sí que es podrà usar per a la
hibernació.

Font:

https://www.digitalocean.com/community/tutorials/how-to-add-swap-space-on-debian-10



> --
>
>
> __
> I'm using this express-made address because personal addresses aren't
> masked enough at this mail public archive. Public archive administrator
> should fix this against automated addresses collectors.
>
>

Re: pregunta sobre el nucli Linux

[Narcis Garcia]

El 3/10/21 a les 20:57, Julio Amorós ha escrit:
> 
> 
> 
> 
> El problema és quan el sistema es queda sense memòria i comença a fer
> servir swap el funcionament es s'alenteix tant que el sistema queda
> inutilitzable, fins al punt que no és possible ni tan sols matar el
> procés manualment.  Suposo que si t'esperes suficientment l'oom-killer
> l'acabaria matant, però jo mai he tingut tanta paciència.  Personalment
> he optat per no tenir swap, per evitar aquestes situacions.
> 
> Salutacions.
> 
> Tot i que se m'escapa algun concepte trobo interessantíssim el que
> entenc. Desviant-me una mica del tema i entenen que no hi ha una
> resposta universal, com bé diu Eloy ni per a un mateix usuari, em
> recomaneu per a ordinadors d'alumnes de cicles no posar swap?
> A banda de que la swap vagi bé per a la hibernació, he pensat que el dia
> que decideixi no tenir-la trobaré un programa antic i important de
> Murphy amb un if que m'enviarà a l'infern si no troba la swap. Però
> potser són paranoies.
> Vagi bé
> Julio
> 

Cap programa no t'hauria de donar mai cap incidència pel fet de no tenir
memòria d'intercanvi (Swap) a la unitat interna de l'ordinador. La
pràctica totalitat dels programes deleguen la gestió de memòria al nucli
del sistema operatiu, que és el què gestiona la diferència entre memòria
real (RAM) i memòria virtual (Swap), però ho presenta tot davant els
programes com a «memòria».

Per tant, pots ometre perfectament l'ús d'espai d'intercanvi (swap) si
creus que amb la quantitat disponible de memòria RAM els programes n'han
de fer prou tots els dies.

Pel què fa a la hibernació:
https://wiki.debian.org/Hibernation/Hibernate_Without_Swap_Partition
El què no sé és si es pot fer això sense utilitzar el fitxer com a «Swap».

-- 


__
I'm using this express-made address because personal addresses aren't
masked enough at this mail public archive. Public archive administrator
should fix this against automated addresses collectors.

Re: Executar um programa no modo gráfico no momento da inicialização do Debian

[Jerome BENOIT]

Bonjour, please note that is an English spoken list.
Best wishes, Jerome

On 04/10/2021 15:14, Amarildo Machoski wrote:

Bom dia...

Primeiramente gostaria de agradecer em participar, espero também porder 
colaborar.

Como é a primeira vez que estou mandando uma dúvida não sei se estou fazendo de 
modo correto enviando este e-mail.

Estou voltando a utuilizar o Linux e escolhi o Debian para utilizar aqui na 
empresa. Tenho algum conhecimento com Linux mas de muito tempo atrás.

1) Instalaei a versão 11 em um PC e rodo somente Linux neste PC

2) Sou programador pascal, desenvolvi um programa e gostaria que ao startar o 
Debian , este programa desenvolvido por mim abrisse em seguida na tela.

Encontrei alguma coisa na internet falando sobre

"Sessão de inicialização" . Porém não consegui chegar nessa tal de sessão..  se 
este for o caminho eu precisaria de um passo a passo.

Até porque simplismente instalei o Debian, mas não sei se para ter essa sessão 
disponível ficou faltando instalar algo.

Peço desculpas se não consegui transmitir minha dúvida de modo claro.

Se alguém puder me auxiliar, ficarei muito grato.

Executar um programa no modo gráfico no momento da inicialização do Debian

[Amarildo Machoski]

Bom dia...



Primeiramente gostaria de agradecer em participar, espero também porder
colaborar.



Como é a primeira vez que estou mandando uma dúvida não sei se estou
fazendo de modo correto enviando este e-mail.





Estou voltando a utuilizar o Linux e escolhi o Debian para utilizar aqui na
empresa. Tenho algum conhecimento com Linux mas de muito tempo atrás.





1) Instalaei a versão 11 em um PC e rodo somente Linux neste PC



2) Sou programador pascal, desenvolvi um programa e gostaria que ao startar
o Debian , este programa desenvolvido por mim abrisse em seguida na tela.



Encontrei alguma coisa na internet falando sobre



"Sessão de inicialização" . Porém não consegui chegar nessa tal de
sessão..  se este for o caminho eu precisaria de um passo a passo.

Até porque simplismente instalei o Debian, mas não sei se para ter essa
sessão disponível ficou faltando instalar algo.



Peço desculpas se não consegui transmitir minha dúvida de modo claro.



Se alguém puder me auxiliar, ficarei muito grato.

Re: Monthly FAQ for Debian-user mailing list

[The Wanderer]

On 2021-10-01 at 12:39, Andrew M.A. Cater wrote:

> debian-user is a mailing list provided for support for Debian users, 
> and to facilitate discussion on relevant topics.

A suggestion to make this monthly posting more useful: perhaps consider
adding a revision number and/or date?

I don't want to miss noticing changes when the FAQ has been updated or
revised, but I'm not necessarily going to be in a position to be able to
readily notice when that has happened. (This time I was, because I
happened to have a copy of last month's posting ready to hand and it's
short enough to fit all on one page without scrolling for me at my
display resolution, but neither of those is guaranteed to be the case
for a lot of people.)

Another mailing list of which I was a member, before it shut down this
summer after years of operation, had a similar monthly FAQ posting; the
posted FAQ included a version number, including I think a revision date.
(I'd have to check, but I think it may even have included a "what's new
in this version" at the top, if not a per-version changelog. Either of
those could be overkill here.)

That's certainly not a universal practice, but I found it useful there,
enough so that the lack of it has now stood out to me enough here that I
am now making this suggestion.

-- 
   The Wanderer

The reasonable man adapts himself to the world; the unreasonable one
persists in trying to adapt the world to himself. Therefore all
progress depends on the unreasonable man. -- George Bernard Shaw



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Re: Printing bug: which package to report?

[David Jarvie]

On Sunday, 3 October 2021 18:01:32 -0700 Peter Ehlert wrote:
> On 10/3/21 3:01 PM, David Jarvie wrote:
> > I've found a new printing bug which I want to report, but I don't know
> > which package to report against.
> > 
> > My Samsung M2885FW printer now always prints double sided even when I set
> > the duplex print parameter to Off. This is on Debian Bullseye. It didn't
> > happen when Bullseye was first released in August.
> 
> can you edit the settings with CUPS?
> 
> http://localhost:631/admin/

It is already configured with duplex off in CUPS (Two-sided: None, and Reverse 
Two-sided: None). Duplex is shown as off both in the print dialog options and 
in the CUPS configuration. Note that this happens when printing both from a KDE 
application (Okular) and from LibreOffice, which use different print dialogs. 
So 
it doesn't seem to be an application issue, but rather an issue in some print-
related package.

> > Can someone please tell me which package to enter in the bug report?

Re: Bug a la instal·lació de postgresql?

[Toni Mas Soler]

Moltes gràcies per l'explicació.

Toni Mas
GPG 3F42A21D84D7E950

Sent with ProtonMail Secure Email.

‐‐‐ Original Message ‐‐‐

El diumenge, 3 de octubre 2021 a les 21:43, julio 
 va escriure:

> > Malauradament limitar l'ús de su no és suficient per evitar que
> > 

> > un usuari amb root es pugui convertir fàcilment en un altre o
> > 

> > executar ordres en nom d'un altre: a banda del runuser i setpriv,
> > 

> > qualsevol llenguatge de programació prou genèric permetrà cridar
> > 

> > les funcions del sistema per fer-ho sense passar pel PAM.
> 

> Cert.
> 

> > Se m'acut que la millor forma de què els alumnes tinguin root
> > 

> > però no interfereixin amb d'altres usuaris és que tinguin una
> > 

> > màquina virtual per cadascú.
> 

> Segurament Àlex, però som de la filosofia de que facin servir sistemes reals 
> i que els trenquin, com a sistema de capçalera, evidentment també fan servir 
> VMs i Dockers.
> 

> El problema realment és que es loguegin a una màquina on algun despistat ho 
> hagi fet prèviament, ja que s'haurà muntat per NFS (kerberitzat) el directori 
> d'aquest usuari despistat.
> 

> Potser el que s'hauria de fer és permetre la exportació de segons quins 
> directoris a segons quines IPs...
> 

> Merci per les bones idees.
> 

> Julio
> 

> > Salut,
> > 

> > Alex
> > 

> > --
> > 

> > ⢀⣴⠾⠻⢶⣦⠀
> > 

> > ⣾⠁⢠⠒⠀⣿⡁ Alex Muntada al...@debian.org
> > 

> > ⢿⡄⠘⠷⠚⠋ Debian Developer  log.alexm.org
> > 

> > ⠈⠳⣄
> 

> Sent from my Android device with K-9 Mail. Please excuse my brevity.

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[SOLVED] Jessie wget: certificate not trusted, was: Jessie iceweasel: This Connection is Untrusted

[Thomas Schmitt]

Hi,

mett wrote:
> the final solution is:
> -disable the certs with an ! before the cert name
> (vi /etc/ca-certificates.conf: !DST_Root_CA_X3.crt)
> -then, rebuild the cert directory (update-ca-certificates --fresh)

Indeed this brought success with wget on the Debian 8 machine.

  $ wget https://lists.debian.org
  ...
  2021-10-04 11:48:12 (7.34 MB/s) - ‘index.html’ saved [7533/7533]
  $

I copied
  /usr/share/ca-certificates
  /etc/ca-certificates.conf
  /etc/ssl/certs
from the Debian 10 machine (dist-upgraded last week) to the Debian 8.
But with or without a run of
  update-ca-certificates --fresh
wget did not work.
The proposal of mett finally got wget to download lists.debian.org with
certificate check enabled.


Now i am puzzled why this operation is not necessary on Debian 10 from
where the file /etc/ca-certificates.conf was copied.
The entry is in /etc/ca-certificates.conf,
DST_Root_CA_X3.crt exists in /usr/share/ca-certificates,
the link DST_Root_CA_X3.pem exists in /etc/ssl/certs.
Nevertheless wget works on my Debian 10 with https://lists.debian.org.


> -then, restart your servers.

I am not aware of any servers on the Debian 8 machine which would have to
do with certificates. I had not to restart anything after
  update-ca-certificates --fresh
wget worked immediately after.

Do SSL clients depend on a local service ?


Have a nice day :)

Thomas

Re: New mdadm RAID1 gets renamed from md3 to md127 after each reboot

[Reiner Buehl]

On 04.10.2021 03:41, Joe Pfeiffer wrote:

That's not it then... googling "md127" I found a *bunch* of possible
causes.


I tried already updating the name attribute, setting the homehost to 
none and a few others. Unfortunately none helped.

Re: How to configure the network ethernet?

[Reco]

On Mon, Oct 04, 2021 at 12:10:39AM -0600, William Torrez Corea wrote:
> enp7s0:  mtu 1500 qdisc pfifo_fast state

It says here - NO-CARRIER, which could mean that:

1) Your Ethernet cable is damaged.
2) Your card fails to negotiate speed and duplex settings.

The usual troubleshooting steps here are:

1) Replace the Ethernet cable.
2) Install ethtool, use it to disable autonegotiation, and try setting
the speed and duplex by hand.

Failing that, replacing network card produced by Dell with something more
proper is always an option.

Reco

How to configure the network ethernet?

[William Torrez Corea]

*Network is not managed*

enp7s0:  mtu 1500 qdisc pfifo_fast state
DOWN mode DEFAULT group default qlen 1000
link/ether e0:db:55:c2:58:45 brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff

*I replaced the iptables by nftables*

Chain INPUT (policy ACCEPT)
target prot opt source   destination
ACCEPT all  --  anywhere anywhere
REJECT all  --  anywhere 127.0.0.0/8  reject-with
icmp-port-unreachable
ACCEPT all  --  anywhere anywhere state
RELATED,ESTABLISHED
ACCEPT tcp  --  anywhere anywhere tcp dpt:http
ACCEPT tcp  --  anywhere anywhere tcp dpt:https
ACCEPT tcp  --  anywhere anywhere state NEW tcp
dpt:ssh
ACCEPT icmp --  anywhere anywhere icmp
echo-request
LOGall  --  anywhere anywhere limit: avg
5/min burst 5 LOG level debug prefix "iptables denied: "
REJECT all  --  anywhere anywhere reject-with
icmp-port-unreachable

Chain FORWARD (policy ACCEPT)
target prot opt source   destination
REJECT all  --  anywhere anywhere reject-with
icmp-port-unreachable

Chain OUTPUT (policy ACCEPT)
target prot opt source   destination
ACCEPT all  --  anywhere anywhere

But i don't receive any *link*.
-- 

With kindest regards, William.

⢀⣴⠾⠻⢶⣦⠀
⣾⠁⢠⠒⠀⣿⡁ Debian - The universal operating system
⢿⡄⠘⠷⠚⠋⠀ https://www.debian.org
⠈⠳⣄