Re: Setting a USB for multi usages

[Joel Wirāmu Pauling]

If using Uefi installs you only need to have a vfat formated first
partition with a folder called efi and the appropriate efi
binary/substructure. You can use the rest of the disk as you like.

BIOS installers on the same can be achieved with syslinux in addition to
uefi. However I find that just having uefi seems to go better these days
(at least if installing onto recent hardware). Due to varying levels of
vendor write as around CSM (compatibility BIOS/system mode) breaking dual
BIOS/eufi media installers.

-Joel

On Sat., 12 Jan. 2019, 09:48 MENGUAL Jean-Philippe  Hi,
>
> My purpose is having a USB stick splitted in 2 parts:
> 1. MBR + partitions: a Debian installer from an ISO
> 2. A blank partition to install data or whatver
>
> While I know to "burn" an iso on a key via dd, how can I do to have a
> clean installer but using key for other usages?
>
> Thanks very much
>
> regards
>
> --
> [image: Logo Hypra] JEAN-PHILIPPE MENGUAL
> DIRECTEUR TECHNIQUE ET QUALITÉ
> 102, rue des poissonniers, 75018, Paris
> Tel : +331 84 73 06 61 <+33184730661> Mob : +336 76 34 93 37
> <+33676349337>
> jpmeng...@hypra.fr
> www.hypra.fr
> [image: Facebook Hypra]  [image:
> Twitter Hypra]  [image: Linkedin
> Jean-Philippe]
> 
>
>

Re: 100Base-FX (SC) card PCI/PCIe

[Joel Wirāmu Pauling]

Am not  sure recommending 100FX ; the 1000 Base optics are around the
same price and likely a better bet; your application isn't looking at
throughput, but you do want some of the newer resiliency features on
1000 Base (EAM etc).


On Thu, 8 Nov 2018 at 00:06, Michelle Konzack
 wrote:
>
> Good day *,
>
> I am running on my Organic Farm and my Forest into problems with the
> lenght (100m) of Ethernet cables and want to use now for this case
> Fiber Multimode 1310nm cables.
>
> So what I have is following:
>
> 1) Server "Bunker" (19" 16U Rack, 2 Mini-ITX Server, 4G-Router,
>Astra-Internet Switch, currently 8-port D-Link GreenSwitch, UPS)
>
> 2) House (30m distance to second D-Link GreenSwitch)
> 3) Workspace (20m distance, will get maybe an additional D-Link 5-port
>GreenSwitch)
> 4) (Winter-)Greenhouse (60m distance for Siemens LOGO!)
> 5) Powerstation (20m distance, Victron Color Control GX, Siemens LOGO!,
>requires 2 cable or also an another D-Link 5-port GreenSwitch)
>
> So this can be done with 12m thick Ethernet Earthcables which I get
> for under 0,50€/m
>
> 6) Panorama IP cam with remote controll installed on my big Windmill
>mast (100Base-TX, 110m distance)
>
> Best option to connect 6)?
>
> 7) 1 IP cam (100Base-TX) with Interphone in 50m distance
>here I can also use an Ethernet cable and then using a Eternet/Fiber
>switch to connect
>
> and from 7)
>
> 8) 2 IP cams (100Base-TX) in 40m distance
> 9) 2 IP cams (100Base-TX) in 80m distance
> 10) 2 IP cams (100Base-TX) in 140m distance
>
> In 2020 we plan a Stall (160m distance) for our animals which should
> get also an IP cam and an IP based Interphone (SIP?)
>
> In 4-5 years we plan a second House which in a distance of arround
> 300-350m
>
> For the IP cams I can get very cheap the TP-Link MC100CM on which I
> can attach a small temperature controlled heating element (Estonia
> can be cold as -40°C on our farm). The LevelOne IEC-4001 would be
> nicer, but the price is GRMPF!
>
> Fiber SC cables I can get up to 400m preconfigured, so this is no
> problem.
>
>
> The question is now, how to connect all best together?
>
>
> The two Mini-ITX Servers have no free PCI/PCEe ports available,
> hence only Ethernet direct or the MX100CM is an option
>
> Now I need a Fiber Singel-Mode SC Switch and (maybe) Network Cards
> for my Workstations where two have PCI and PCIe slots.
>
>
> Which 100Base-FX/SC Switch and Card can you recommend?
>
>
> Note: Since I have NO AC-Power availlable, the Switches MUST HAVE
>   external power supplies (5-24V DC)
>
> I found on eBay the Microsens MS453111 very cheap (I can buy some
> spare too; however, the Microsens Website 
> does not more work since some time) but I would probably need in my
> "Bunker" a Switch which has 12-16 Eternet ports and 3-4 SC ports.
>
> Also the power consumption does matter because Of the solar- and
> windenergy systems
>
> My old 3Com 100Base-FX (PCI) cards have unfortunately only
> Singel-Mode hence I need new stuff for my 4 Workstations.
>
> Thanks in advance
>
> --
> Michelle KonzackMiila ITSystems @ TDnet
> GNU/Linux Developer 00372-54541400
>

Re: USB2 or 3 WiFi dual band adapters

[Joel Wirāmu Pauling]

Huh? Intel cards are numerous and cheap - they come in PCIe / NGFF form
factors (like the easily available ath) - get a PCIe/USB to MiniPCIe
converter card for a few pennies off Aliexpress and you are in business.

On 14 August 2018 at 08:33, Michael Stone  wrote:

> On Wed, Aug 08, 2018 at 08:12:37AM -0700, tony mollica wrote:
>
>> I need to find a good, reliable WiFi adapter.  I have an Alfa AWUS036ACH
>> using
>> a RTL8812au chip
>> and there is support but it's unreliable.  Connects sometimes, mostly
>> not.  My
>> older adapters work
>> but they're slow but maybe that's the compromise I need to resolve.
>>
>> What's being used reliably?
>>
>
> Intel, but as far as I know you can only buy one with a new laptop.
> Your other options are the rtl* stuff which tends to be flaky, or the ath*
> stuff which is impossible to find. It's not a good time for open source
> wifi.
>
> Mike Stone
>
>

Re: USB2 or 3 WiFi dual band adapters

[Joel Wirāmu Pauling]

Basically find one that uses the ath9k Chipset. They are easily the best
supported Wifi Interface.

If you need Wireless AC then ath10k based products are useable too.

The Intel ranges are OK as clients, but are not really very Opensource.
Ath9k has the best Fully Opensource impementation out of any of the
Wireless cards.

https://wikidevi.com/wiki/Ath9k

On 9 August 2018 at 03:12, tony mollica  wrote:

> Hello.
>
> I need to find a good, reliable WiFi adapter.  I have an Alfa AWUS036ACH
> using a RTL8812au chip
> and there is support but it's unreliable.  Connects sometimes, mostly
> not.  My older adapters work
> but they're slow but maybe that's the compromise I need to resolve.
>
> What's being used reliably?
>
> Thanks,
>
> Tony
>

Re: DTrace GPLed?

[Joel Wirāmu Pauling]

eBPF makes dtrace less interesting.

On 21 February 2018 at 08:27, Weaver  wrote:

> Of interest to some?
>
> https://www.theregister.co.uk/2018/02/19/oracle_open_
> sources_dtrace_changes_licence_to_gpl/
>
> Cheers!
>
> --
> `The difference between friendship and love is how much you can hurt
> each other’.
> ― Ashleigh Brilliant
>
> Registered Linux User: 554515
>
>

Re: How to create a PDF-Printer from the command line

[Joel Wirāmu Pauling]

Works fine for txt, although as it rasterizes things it's not going to be
optimized for size.

On 18 January 2018 at 10:33, Ben Caradoc-Davies  wrote:

> On 18/01/18 10:15, Joel Wirāmu Pauling wrote:
>
>> **cough** $convert
>> imagemagick
>> $convert somefile.whatever somefile.pdf
>>
>
> +1 for ImageMagick convert to generate PDFs from scanned pages (images). I
> found that this works best with -page and -density specified. However, I
> have not tried using it for text, which I think was the problem facing the
> original poster.
>
> Kind regards,
>
> --
> Ben Caradoc-Davies 
> Director
> Transient Software Limited <https://transient.nz/>
> New Zealand
>
>

Re: How to create a PDF-Printer from the command line

[Joel Wirāmu Pauling]

**cough** $convert

imagemagick

$convert somefile.whatever somefile.pdf

---

On 18 January 2018 at 09:04,  wrote:

> -BEGIN PGP SIGNED MESSAGE-
> Hash: SHA1
>
> On Wed, Jan 17, 2018 at 06:21:31PM +, Brian wrote:
> > On Wed 10 Jan 2018 at 21:01:13 +0100, to...@tuxteam.de wrote:
>
> [...]
>
> > > Thanks for actually trying out. I stand corrected...
> >
> > A gracious response. However, my data were in the context of using a2ps
> > to go from text to PS. Your "hefty PDFs" would be entirely correct if
> > paps had been used for the conversion. The result is a 156551 sized file
> > for me. gs2pdf comes up with a whopping 11540827 and takes 18 s to do so.
>
> Heh. I've been called all sort of names, but gracious... :-)
>
> > That was in 2015, Debian's paps does not relect the existence of a
> > 7.0 version. I wonder why?
>
> Yes, that might be the root of my dim memories.
>
> Thanks for your thorough investigation
>
> cheers
> - -- tomás
> -BEGIN PGP SIGNATURE-
> Version: GnuPG v1.4.12 (GNU/Linux)
>
> iEYEARECAAYFAlpfrDMACgkQBcgs9XrR2kYFGACeL5J7MFpQSDa3F96kHNjq6D7H
> DFMAn0w5jLhnXV492+EJQeORz3LhQqoX
> =t1V6
> -END PGP SIGNATURE-
>
>

Re: Experiences with BTRFS -- is it mature enough for enterprise use?

[Joel Wirāmu Pauling]

The reason Redhat dropped btrfs support is because it currently has no
native cryptographic function. And from the various threads I've read on
the topic there is no easy answer to the problem.

On 1 January 2018 at 06:44, Sven Hartge  wrote:

> David Christensen  wrote:
> > On 12/30/17 14:38, Matthew Crews wrote:
>
> >> The main issue I see with using BTRFS with MDADM is that you lose the
> >> benefit of bit-rot repair. MDADM can't correct bit rot, but
> >> BTRFS-Raid (and ZFS raid arrays) can, but only with native raid
> >> configurations.
>
> > AFAIK:
>
> > 1.  mdadm RAID1 can fix bit rot, so long as one drive has a good block
> > to fix the others.
>
> Yes, but it can't fix silent bit-rot, where incorrect bytes are read
> from the drive without the drive noticing. In that case the Kernel has
> no way of knowing which bytes are the correct ones, you need some sort
> of checksum for that.
>
> Grüße,
> Sven.
>
> --
> Sigmentation fault. Core dumped.
>
>

Re: virtual disks perfermonca <=2MB/s

[Joel Wirāmu Pauling]

Why are you using vhd instead of qcow2? I would wager it's a combination of
the vhd format having some bug. Try with qcow2 first.

On 22 February 2017 at 21:17, Mimiko  wrote:

> Hello.
>
> I already wrote to qemu mail list and didn't find an answer.
>
> I've setup qemu / kvm on Debian Wheezy to host some Debian Jessie guests.
> I create disk like this:
>
> virsh vol-create-as --pool default --name root.vhd --capacity 50G --format
> vpc
>
> Then create a virtual with this:
> virt-install --connect qemu:///system \
> --ram 2048 \
> --vcpus=4 \
> --cpuset=auto \
> --pxe \
> --os-type linux \
> --boot network,hd,menu=on \
> --disk vol=default/root.vhd,device=disk,bus=virtio,cache=writethrough \
> --network=bridge:br0,model=virtio \
> --noautoconsole \
> --hvm \
> --autostart \
> --check-cpu
>
> After setting up the system I've got poor disk performance.
> Using
>
> time dd if=/dev/zero of=/tmp/test oflag=direct bs=64k count=16000
>
> I get 1048576000 bytes (1.0 GB) copied, 397.473 s, 2.6 MB/s
>
> I've changed cache to writeback and got 20MB/s with this test. But copying
> a file to this virtual using samba gives me no more of 2 MB/s.
>
> I've tested network connectivity with iperf and got around 750Mbit/s,
> which I think is satisfactory.
>
> I will not want to use raw devices, as it is not self expanded and will
> use whole space regardless of how much real data occupy.
>
> libvirtd (libvirt) 0.9.12.3
>
> Is there a way to increase disk speed to at least 50MB/s ?
>
> As suggested by other to test:
>
> I've created a raw disk of 10GB and attached to VM and mounted it. The
> speed is same - 2MB.
> As per same cifs/samba access to / on the host - the speed is 180MB+, as
> there are 2 network interfaces in alb bond.
>
> > time dd if=/dev/zero of=/vdisks/test oflag=direct bs=64k count=16000
> 16000+0 records in
> 16000+0 records out
> 1048576000 bytes (1.0 GB) copied, 0.970587 s, 1.1 GB/s
>
> real0m0.972s
> user0m0.008s
> sys 0m0.856s
>
> /vdisks reside on a raidz2 zfs pool via PCI-E hardware raid used in IT
> mode to allow ZFS software raid.
>
> > /usr/bin/kvm --version
> QEMU emulator version 1.1.2 (qemu-kvm-1.1.2+dfsg-6+deb7u19, Debian),
> Copyright (c) 2003-2008 Fabrice Bellard
>
> > virsh dumpxml YOURVMNAME > tmp.xml
> 
>   srv
>   c23810c8-fe96-12df-5769-5a7a80c3c35f
>   2097152
>   2097152
>   4
>   
> hvm
> 
> 
> 
>   
>   
> 
> 
> 
>   
>   
>   destroy
>   restart
>   restart
>   
> /usr/bin/kvm
> 
>   
>   
>   
>   
>function='0x0'/>
> 
> 
>   
>function='0x2'/>
> 
> 
>   
>   
>   
>   
>   
>function='0x0'/>
> 
> 
>   
>   
>   
> 
> 
>   
>   
>   
> 
> 
> 
>   
> 
> 
>   
>   
>function='0x0'/>
> 
> 
>   
>function='0x0'/>
> 
>   
>   
> 
>
> Any help please.
>
>

Re: Debian *not very good

[Joel Wirāmu Pauling]

Sorry I can't resist;


Seriously tho; If you had RTFM you would have known systemd and friends
were going to be the default on upgrade and taken steps to migrate your
init.d scripts beforehand.

Also you heavily modified base (which by your own admission, you had -
 "stripped down") and you expected major version upgrade to magically know
about your modifications. Did you submit your changes to startup scripts
upstream somewhere? Were the developers and QA to know you had taken widget
X out and replaced it Sprocket Y, was this done in a way that was compliant
with widget X and sprocket Y's manuals? Should you have had a reasonable
expectation that what you changed was something others do ?

You should have likely done a clean install and migrated piecemeal knowing
you had removed large chunks of what is considered minimal from previous
versions, on upgrade minimal would have dragged a lot of base back in, and
yes in absence of some of what was considered the 'defacto' done things
wrongly including drag in a bunch of dependencies.

I think if you want to do what you are doing maybe you should look at lsb.



On 25 November 2016 at 08:31, Brian  wrote:

> On Fri 25 Nov 2016 at 15:21:23 +, oldbluebear wrote:
>
> [...Lots of disgruntlement snipped...]
>
> > How can I at this stage bring this machine back nearer to SySV?
>
> You can bring it back in all its glory with
>
>   apt-get install sysvinit-core
>
> --
> Brian.
>
>

Re: Debian server for backups of Windows clients

[Joel Wirāmu Pauling]

Best options is put an SMB/NFS share for all the windows clients on your
backup server.

RAID it and run $whatever backup tools you wish on the exports.

If you need OS level backups, the best way is to use ISCSI mounts served
from the NAS/SAN to be the root of the windows machines.

On 3 August 2016 at 09:12, Daniel Bareiro  wrote:

> Hi all!
>
> I'm thinking deploy a Debian backup server using Dirvish (which is based
> on rsync --- indeed, we have packaged it in Debian). On previous
> occasions I implemented these solutions seamlessly with GNU/Linux
> clients, but now I would like add Windows clients.
>
> The idea of using Dirvish is because I had a very good experience.
> Besides using rsync with hard links for backups of files that do not
> change from backup to the next allows a considerable saving of disk space.
>
> But to use Dirvish with Windows clients I will need to install an SSH
> server. I had thought that an alternative would be to use Cygwin, but
> was looking for documentation and I have not found any uniform process
> to install and configure a Cygwin SSH server on Windows.
>
> I would like to know if anyone has had any experience in this regard
> that could share.
>
>
> Thanks in advance.
>
> Kind regards,
> Daniel
>
>

Re: What Mid-range USB Sound Cards Work with Linux?

[Joel Wirāmu Pauling]

I said Fiio E1 I Meant - Q1 :
http://www.head-fi.org/t/780726/fiios-new-q1-portable-dac-amp-lets-drink-to-happy-listening

On 24 May 2016 at 18:22, Joel Wirāmu Pauling  wrote:

> Rather than going with a Consumer card. Head to a Audio/Music store. What
> you are looking for is a USB - Audio interface; they generally have much
> better Signal to Noise ration, hardware mixers and Ballanced XLR outputs
> and Inputs. Something like the focusrite scarlet.
>
> Alternatively if you are just after a simple DAC/AMP without Inputs - then
> I throughly recommend The Cheap FIio E1 - Which can be had for around 50$
> and have 96hkz/24bit DAC decoding I have several and they can be used as
> just a headphone amp as well as with android.
>
> Basically is it doesn't have an external power source or a built in
> battery - then avoid it - especially if you plan on attaching it to
> unbalanced speaker/desk amps. The only Consumer manufacturer dac I would
> consider in this class is the Creative E5 - but it's several hundred more
> than the above mentioned Fiio E1 and you only really would need it if you
> want bluetooth and input options.
>
>
>
> On 24 May 2016 at 11:27, Martin McCormick  wrote:
>
>> I went to a local electronics emporium and asked for a
>> USB sound card that might possibly work under Linux. I have been
>> messing with Linux and USB long enough to know that a number of
>> USB sound cards mostly work well enough for one to play and
>> record stereo but some special features may not work without
>> proprietary drivers available to Windows or Mac users. These
>> features are usually not show stoppers so there is no real
>> problem.
>>
>> The only USB sound card they had was a SoundBlaster XG5
>> designed for the gaming market but, I thought, this is probably
>> pretty good and, if most everything on it works, how can you go
>> wrong?
>>
>> Well, here's how. Firstly, I am not bashing Creative Labs
>> or the product itself but this is what happens when things become
>> overly specialized.
>>
>> What I was looking for was a sound card which would
>> record stereo. They usually will play, also but recording two
>> line-level channels is a must.
>>
>> This is a really neat little device in that it has
>> optical line input and output ports and a stereo headphone output
>> but there is only a microphone input--(game over.)
>>
>> I did power it up and ran amixer on it to see if maybe
>> there is more to that Mic input than originally meets the eye but there
>> is actually less. There are several PCM inputs and maybe one is
>> the microphone but it isn't clear what each PCM channel does.
>> Again, if there are not two discrete analog line-level audio
>> inputs, it can not be used as a normal sound card.
>>
>> I rarely need to return products to a store, but I am
>> glad this one has a reasonable return policy because the device
>> is so highly specialized that there is no way to use it for
>> anything but playback only or as, in a game, good sound with a
>> Mic for one to talk over.
>>
>> Basically, are there any good new USB sound cards these
>> days that record and play stereo under Linux?
>>
>> Thanks for any suggestions.
>>
>> Martin McCormick
>>
>>
>

Re: What Mid-range USB Sound Cards Work with Linux?

[Joel Wirāmu Pauling]

Rather than going with a Consumer card. Head to a Audio/Music store. What
you are looking for is a USB - Audio interface; they generally have much
better Signal to Noise ration, hardware mixers and Ballanced XLR outputs
and Inputs. Something like the focusrite scarlet.

Alternatively if you are just after a simple DAC/AMP without Inputs - then
I throughly recommend The Cheap FIio E1 - Which can be had for around 50$
and have 96hkz/24bit DAC decoding I have several and they can be used as
just a headphone amp as well as with android.

Basically is it doesn't have an external power source or a built in battery
- then avoid it - especially if you plan on attaching it to unbalanced
speaker/desk amps. The only Consumer manufacturer dac I would consider in
this class is the Creative E5 - but it's several hundred more than the
above mentioned Fiio E1 and you only really would need it if you want
bluetooth and input options.



On 24 May 2016 at 11:27, Martin McCormick  wrote:

> I went to a local electronics emporium and asked for a
> USB sound card that might possibly work under Linux. I have been
> messing with Linux and USB long enough to know that a number of
> USB sound cards mostly work well enough for one to play and
> record stereo but some special features may not work without
> proprietary drivers available to Windows or Mac users. These
> features are usually not show stoppers so there is no real
> problem.
>
> The only USB sound card they had was a SoundBlaster XG5
> designed for the gaming market but, I thought, this is probably
> pretty good and, if most everything on it works, how can you go
> wrong?
>
> Well, here's how. Firstly, I am not bashing Creative Labs
> or the product itself but this is what happens when things become
> overly specialized.
>
> What I was looking for was a sound card which would
> record stereo. They usually will play, also but recording two
> line-level channels is a must.
>
> This is a really neat little device in that it has
> optical line input and output ports and a stereo headphone output
> but there is only a microphone input--(game over.)
>
> I did power it up and ran amixer on it to see if maybe
> there is more to that Mic input than originally meets the eye but there
> is actually less. There are several PCM inputs and maybe one is
> the microphone but it isn't clear what each PCM channel does.
> Again, if there are not two discrete analog line-level audio
> inputs, it can not be used as a normal sound card.
>
> I rarely need to return products to a store, but I am
> glad this one has a reasonable return policy because the device
> is so highly specialized that there is no way to use it for
> anything but playback only or as, in a game, good sound with a
> Mic for one to talk over.
>
> Basically, are there any good new USB sound cards these
> days that record and play stereo under Linux?
>
> Thanks for any suggestions.
>
> Martin McCormick
>
>

Re: RECOMMEND: Wireless Home Router with VPN Built-In

[Joel Wirāmu Pauling]

My advise stands. Use a VPN client on the end devices.

On 26 April 2016 at 12:27, Patrick Bartek  wrote:

> On Mon, 25 Apr 2016, Joel Wirāmu Pauling wrote:
>
> > I don't suggestion running VPN (at least any with decent encryption )
> > on the Wifi /AP. It will end up being a bottle kneck. i.E my Dual
> > core MIP's 680hz Wireless AC running openwrt can barely push 12mbit
> > through an AES tunnel.
> >
> > Keep the VPN endpoints on the more well endowed endpoints. If you
> > need it as a backup purely for getting into the router, then SSH is
> > fine.
>
> I'll be the only user on the VPN.  It's mainly for when I use public
> wifi on my phone or laptop, for security.  For Web and email mostly.
> I might use it to access my home machine, too, but that would be rarely.
> So, I'm not going to be moving large amounts of data over the
> connection.
>
> Thanks.
>
> B
>
> > On 25 April 2016 at 14:22, Paul Duncan  wrote:
> >
> > > I have a Draytek Vigor 2820vn. Have had it for a few years now.
> > > Seems to be quite reliable. Has three types of WAN connectivity
> > > built-in - ADSL2+, Ethernet (for cable modems), and USB for mobile
> > > broadband dongles. And, as you requested, it does have a built-in
> > > VPN service and very configurable firewall.
> > >
> > > Now, this particular unit will never support IPV6, and I think they
> > > may have stopped making it now. If I was in the market for a router
> > > today, I would go for the Vigor 2830 series. It is IPV6 ready, and
> > > all four of its Ethernet ports are gigabit ports (only one is on
> > > the 2820).
> > >
> > > Anyway, I'm sure you will get *lots* of opinions about favourite
> > > hardware!
> > >
> > > Cheers,
> > >
> > > Paul.
> > >
> > > On Mon, Apr 25, 2016 at 3:01 AM, Patrick Bartek
> > >  wrote:
> > >
> > >> Hi! all,
> > >>
> > >> Toying with the idea of setting up a personal, that is,
> > >> non-business, VPN for a device or two for those rare times I use
> > >> public wifi. For improved security, mind you.  Want to keep it
> > >> simple, but it must work outside the U.S. (I foresee a change
> > >> coming.)  So, figured a new home router with the server built-in
> > >> would be better than a for-charge (or free) VPN service. (After 8
> > >> years of continuous use, I'm getting nervous about my old router
> > >> anyway, and want to replace it.)
> > >>
> > >> What routers would you all recommend?  And why?
> > >>
> > >> Thanks.
> > >>
> > >> B
>
>

Re: RECOMMEND: Wireless Home Router with VPN Built-In

[Joel Wirāmu Pauling]

I don't suggestion running VPN (at least any with decent encryption ) on
the Wifi /AP. It will end up being a bottle kneck. i.E my Dual core MIP's
680hz Wireless AC running openwrt can barely push 12mbit through an AES
tunnel.

Keep the VPN endpoints on the more well endowed endpoints. If you need it
as a backup purely for getting into the router, then SSH is fine.

On 25 April 2016 at 14:22, Paul Duncan  wrote:

> I have a Draytek Vigor 2820vn. Have had it for a few years now. Seems to
> be quite reliable. Has three types of WAN connectivity built-in - ADSL2+,
> Ethernet (for cable modems), and USB for mobile broadband dongles. And, as
> you requested, it does have a built-in VPN service and very configurable
> firewall.
>
> Now, this particular unit will never support IPV6, and I think they may
> have stopped making it now. If I was in the market for a router today, I
> would go for the Vigor 2830 series. It is IPV6 ready, and all four of its
> Ethernet ports are gigabit ports (only one is on the 2820).
>
> Anyway, I'm sure you will get *lots* of opinions about favourite hardware!
>
> Cheers,
>
> Paul.
>
> On Mon, Apr 25, 2016 at 3:01 AM, Patrick Bartek 
> wrote:
>
>> Hi! all,
>>
>> Toying with the idea of setting up a personal, that is, non-business, VPN
>> for a device or two for those rare times I use public wifi. For improved
>> security, mind you.  Want to keep it simple, but it must work outside the
>> U.S. (I foresee a change coming.)  So, figured a new home router with the
>> server built-in would be better than a for-charge (or free) VPN service.
>> (After 8 years of continuous use, I'm getting nervous about my old router
>> anyway, and want to replace it.)
>>
>> What routers would you all recommend?  And why?
>>
>> Thanks.
>>
>> B
>>
>>
>
>
> --
>
>
> *Paul Duncan*
>
> Marine Technician, RV Falkor
>
> SCHMIDT OCEAN INSTITUTE
>
> mobile +1 650 387 4151
>
> VOIP +1 954 672 4943
>
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>
> Follow us on Twitter, Facebook and Google+
>
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>
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Re: Openstack images default password

[Joel Wirāmu Pauling]

This is normal for cloud images. You need to setup a configuration iso
using cloud-init tool which injects your  user with admin priv and ssh key
into the images.

Cloud images autogenerate a hashed root password on first boot.

If you read the manual/info page about them it is quite clear that they are
unusable without user/key injection.
On Aug 19, 2015 4:29 AM, "Valerio Pachera"  wrote:

> 2015-08-19 11:44 GMT+02:00, Darac Marjal :
> > As a last resort, can you boot with "init=/bin/bash"? If so, you can
> > issue "mount -o remount,rw /" to remount the root filesystem as
> > read-write, then issue "passwd" to set root's password to whatever you
> > like. "sync" and "mount -o remount,ro /" will make the filesystem clean
> > again for when you ctrl+alt+del.
>
> Thank you for the answer.
> But I find it weird that the password is not published and nobody knows it.
> If anybody will find it out, please reply to this topic.
>
> Bye.
>
>

Re: out of the box wifi adapter

[Joel Wirāmu Pauling]

On 17 May 2015 at 10:33, Ric Moore  wrote:

> On 05/17/2015 11:45 AM, Raymond Jennings wrote:
>
>> I live in Kennewick, WA, 99336, USA, North America, Earth, Sol system,
>> Alpha quadrant, Milky Way galaxy, Virgo supercluster
>>
>>  Please don't top post. Thanx, Ric
>
>
> --
> My father, Victor Moore (Vic) used to say:
> "There are two Great Sins in the world...
> ..the Sin of Ignorance, and the Sin of Stupidity.
> Only the former may be overcome." R.I.P. Dad.
> http://linuxcounter.net/user/44256.html
>
>
>
​Buy any N Adaptor that uses the ATH9k radio chip-set and you will be set. ​


​Options here:

https://wikidevi.com/wiki/Ath9k


If you want AC then the only real usable option at the moment in ATH10k but
it has issues. You are best to stick to ATH9k which is easily the most
mature and open of Wireless radio SoC's available.
​

Re: ssh tunnels or openvpn/IPsec?

[Joel Wirāmu Pauling]

Normally for ssh tunnels I use -D

which creates a local socks tunnel listener (i.e -D1080) and means you can
do away with manual port forwards, you can then use a sockswrapper
(tsocks/dsocks) pointing at localhost to transparently proxify most
applications. Note that for UDP based things neither -L or -D works (you
have to use ssh's VPN mode for that). Since remote syslog is UDP by default
this means ssh isn't a great option (you can tunnel it via nc etc but...
anoying to setup).



On 10 May 2015 at 16:15, Joel Wirāmu Pauling  wrote:

> Also consider tincd
>
> On 10 May 2015 at 04:51, Bonno Bloksma  wrote:
>
>> Hello Peter
>>
>>
>> >> Petter Adsen wrote:
>> >> > Now the question becomes; AFAIK, I could do this with ssh tunnels
>> >> > and forward the ports on my router/firewall, or I could use
>> >> > something like openvpn or IPsec (strongswan).
>> >>
>> >> Yes.  Exactly.
>> >>
>> >> Also 'stunnel4' is useful too.
>> >
>> > Thanks, I didn't know about that one.
>> >
>> > []
>> >
>> > Thank you for your insight, that was very informative. From what I
>> > gather from this, it might be just as well to go straight to openvpn.
>> >
>> > Let me explain. Already I need rsyslog, munin, and collectd. That would
>> > require three separate ssh/ssl tunnels. However, if I set up openvpn on
>> > the router I will just need the one tunnel, and I can set up remote
>> > access to my home network at the same time, with the same bits and
>> pieces.
>>
>> [...]
>>
>> > One thing I forgot to ask, though: how intensive is openvpn on
>> resources,
>> > especially CPU and memory? I was initially thinking of setting it up on
>> the
>> > router, but I am a little worried that it might be too much for it to
>> handle.
>> > Would it be feasible/better to set it up on a more powerful machine on
>> the
>> > inside and forward the traffic?
>>
>> Lots of people set up open vpn on the router if the router is capable of
>> it. In your case the amount of traffic is definitely something a regular
>> router should be able to handle. The most cpu is used when openvpn
>> (re)negotiates a session key which is does by default every hour.
>> If you find out you need more power simply create a rule on your router
>> to forward udp 1194 to an inside machine and have openvpn running there.
>>
>> It is very easy to setup, for ssl keys there is a separate set of scripts
>> called easy-rsa that will let you create the keys with the proper settings
>> in no-time.
>>
>> If you want information more about openvpn use the openvpn users list (
>> openvpn-us...@lists.sourceforge.net)
>> There is a commercial version too which has commercial support but you
>> want the community version which comes with Debian.
>>
>> Bonno Bloksma
>>
>>
>> --
>> To UNSUBSCRIBE, email to debian-user-requ...@lists.debian.org
>> with a subject of "unsubscribe". Trouble? Contact
>> listmas...@lists.debian.org
>> Archive:
>> https://lists.debian.org/89d1798a7351d040b4e74e0a043c69d7d72e1...@hglexch-01.tio.nl
>>
>>
>

Re: ssh tunnels or openvpn/IPsec?

[Joel Wirāmu Pauling]

Also consider tincd

On 10 May 2015 at 04:51, Bonno Bloksma  wrote:

> Hello Peter
>
>
> >> Petter Adsen wrote:
> >> > Now the question becomes; AFAIK, I could do this with ssh tunnels
> >> > and forward the ports on my router/firewall, or I could use
> >> > something like openvpn or IPsec (strongswan).
> >>
> >> Yes.  Exactly.
> >>
> >> Also 'stunnel4' is useful too.
> >
> > Thanks, I didn't know about that one.
> >
> > []
> >
> > Thank you for your insight, that was very informative. From what I
> > gather from this, it might be just as well to go straight to openvpn.
> >
> > Let me explain. Already I need rsyslog, munin, and collectd. That would
> > require three separate ssh/ssl tunnels. However, if I set up openvpn on
> > the router I will just need the one tunnel, and I can set up remote
> > access to my home network at the same time, with the same bits and
> pieces.
>
> [...]
>
> > One thing I forgot to ask, though: how intensive is openvpn on resources,
> > especially CPU and memory? I was initially thinking of setting it up on
> the
> > router, but I am a little worried that it might be too much for it to
> handle.
> > Would it be feasible/better to set it up on a more powerful machine on
> the
> > inside and forward the traffic?
>
> Lots of people set up open vpn on the router if the router is capable of
> it. In your case the amount of traffic is definitely something a regular
> router should be able to handle. The most cpu is used when openvpn
> (re)negotiates a session key which is does by default every hour.
> If you find out you need more power simply create a rule on your router to
> forward udp 1194 to an inside machine and have openvpn running there.
>
> It is very easy to setup, for ssl keys there is a separate set of scripts
> called easy-rsa that will let you create the keys with the proper settings
> in no-time.
>
> If you want information more about openvpn use the openvpn users list (
> openvpn-us...@lists.sourceforge.net)
> There is a commercial version too which has commercial support but you
> want the community version which comes with Debian.
>
> Bonno Bloksma
>
>
> --
> To UNSUBSCRIBE, email to debian-user-requ...@lists.debian.org
> with a subject of "unsubscribe". Trouble? Contact
> listmas...@lists.debian.org
> Archive:
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>
>

Re: Skype substitutes for current Debian?

[Joel Wirāmu Pauling]

I am a huge fan of Jitsi (http://jitsi.org) Does SIP, XMMP and
integrates with several others. Offers full OTR and Video/RTSP
encryption.

There are several SIP to SKYPE gateway providers out there which will
allow you to use any Sip client to make skype voice calls.

Jitsi's desktop app isn't the prettiest but they have a great dev team
committed to FLOSS and have a WEBRTC backend (jitsi meet) which is
also great.


-Joel

On 21 August 2014 15:40, Bret Busby  wrote:
> On 20/08/2014, Reco  wrote:
>>  Hi.
>>
>> On Wed, 20 Aug 2014 18:01:39 +0800
>> Bret Busby  wrote:
>>
>>> And, if the solution is to change that line
>>>
>>> "
>>> sslConfig.setProtocol( QSsl::TlsV1 );
>>> "
>>>
>>> where do I find that line, to make the change?
>>
>>
>> You'll have to change it in the Arora's source, then rebuild the
>> package. And, please note that:
>>
>> 1) Downgrading all https connections to SSLv3 is a bad thing from the
>> security viewpoint.
>>
>> 2) Exact syntax of sslConfig may differ. I assume that change should go
>> somewhere along the line 170 of src/network/networkaccessmanager.cpp,
>> but I may be wrong.
>>
>
> When I first saw the message above, I thought "This is all way beyone
> me - I have never done anything like work on Debian packages source
> code, or build a Debian package."
>
> Then, it just occurred to me - maybe this is a thing for the Debian 6
> LTS project team?
>
> It is a Debian 6 security issue, is it not?
>
> --
> Bret Busby
> Armadale
> West Australia
> ..
>
> "So once you do know what the question actually is,
>  you'll know what the answer means."
> - Deep Thought,
>  Chapter 28 of Book 1 of
>  "The Hitchhiker's Guide to the Galaxy:
>  A Trilogy In Four Parts",
>  written by Douglas Adams,
>  published by Pan Books, 1992
>
> 
>
>
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Re: Cloning hdds of different sizes

[Joel Wirāmu Pauling]

Gah no seriously got has nothing to do with your disk size it is just Far
far more flexible with partition layouts. Extended partition slices are
IMHO a horrible hack. Got hasn't got the 4 primary partitions limits of
msdos labels and is just more flexible.

I wasn't suggesting uefi which is a slightly different rant. Gpt disk
labels with MBR style booting works well and is IMHO the most flexible
setup without getting into esoteric Filesystem land - for managing disk
partitions labels.
On 28/05/2014 4:16 pm, "Patrick Bartek"  wrote:

> On Wed, 28 May 2014, Catalin Soare wrote:
>
> > In one of my computers I have 2 HDDs. One of them is a 250 GB drive
> > (debian) and the other is a 300 GB (data).
> >
> > I've decided to give one of them to my parents because the one they
> > have right now makes some strange noises. So I've backed up and
> > cleaned up the drive, and as we speak I am cloning my debian install
> > (from the 250 GB disk) onto the other drive.
> >
> > My fstab contains blkids to identify the root, swap, and home
> > partitions. Will the new clone just boot as if it was on the old
> > drive?
> >
> > Also is there a simple method to resize the future home partition and
> > move the root partition so that I don't end up with unallocated space
> > on the drive?
> > Basically I'd like to have a bootable system while also being able to
> > use the entire space on the disk.
>
> I found rsync more suitable than dedicated cloning software.  I, too,
> only had three parttions -- /, /home, and swap -- that I wanted to
> enlarge and rearrange on a new larger drive.  Generally, here's the
> procedure specific to your set up, not mine.
>
> 1. Boot with "old" system.
>
> 2. Partition the 300GB drive how you want it, and format the partitions.
> For safety, I called for a badblock check before formatting.
>
> 3. Use blkid to get the UUIDs of each new partition and write them down.
>
> 3. Shutdown the system and boot with a Linux LiveCD. Use a 64-bit Live
> if your system is 64-bit.  Similarly, if 32-bit.
>
> 4. Use rsync to copy the files on each partition of the 250GB drive
> to the appropriate one on the 300GB.
>
> 5. Once the above copying is done, edit /etc/fstab on the 300GB drive
> by inserting the new UUIDs for each partition.  Change labels, if
> needed.
>
> 6. Set up a chroot to the new "cloned" system on the 300GB drive.
>
> NOTE:  I initially used a 32-bit LiveCD when "cloning" my system, and
> when I got to this step, the chroot to the 64-bit system on the drive
> wouldn't work.  Booted with a 64-bit LiveCD, and it did.
>
> 7. Create a new initrd.img: Use grub-mkimage, IIRC.  This is probably
> not necessary since we're cloning, but I did it on my system anyway.
>
> 8. Create a new grub.cfg:  Use grub-mkconfig.
>
> 9. Install to MBR of the 300GB drive: Use install-grub.
>
> 10.  Un-chroot, shutdown, remove or disconnect 250GB drive.
>
> 11. Reboot and see if it works.
>
>
> That's as best as I can remember.  I made notes, but can't find them
> right now.  Be sure to read and study all the mans for rsync, blkid,
> chroot, and the grub utilites.  A search of the web for this procedure
> wouldn't hurt either, especially the proper procedure for chrooting.
>
> I didn't bother using GPT partitioning as MY new drive as it was only
> 500GB. The old one was 160GB.  So, neither should you.  Why make
> trouble for yourself.  However, use a contemporary partitioning utility
> that automatically begins the first partition at the proper sector
> and aligns all the partitions.
>
> Good luck.
>
> B
>
>
>
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>
>

Re: Cloning hdds of different sizes

[Joel Wirāmu Pauling]

When I say - will only work with an msdos disklabel, I meant will only
work for msdos disklabels IF you have free primary parition slots. GPT
doesn't have this issue and if you can boot GPT labeled disks you
should go with this.

On 28 May 2014 12:22, Joel Wirāmu Pauling  wrote:
> You can do this several ways.
>
> Way 1)
>
> Filesystem level copy + grub install.
>
> a)Use a rescue or minimal live boot environment, partition your new
> disk as you like; complete the minimal install.
> b)Drop to a shell in the live environment, and mount the new root and
> fstab layout under a tmp target mount point (i tend to use
> /mnt/new directorys under the root then mounting them in turn
> c)Mount the old filesystem (i.e /mnt/old ) and any subfilesystems
> d) Use rsync to copy everything under /mnt/old to /mnt/new (rsync
> -pPvra /mnt/old /mnt/new) - you may want to exclude /mnt/old/dev and
> /mnt/old/proc )
> e) Bind mount the live filesystems proc,sysfs and dev mounts to the
> /mnt/new  ( i.e mount -o bind /dev /mnt/new/dev ; mount -t sysfs
> /mnt/new/sysfs mount -t proc none /mnt/new/proc )
> d) chroot to the new directory ( chroot /mnt/new /bin/bash )
> e) fix up any device pointers in /etc/fstab (you might need to change
> around /dev/sdX etc to accord to the new filesystem parition/device ID
> - a better method is to get the UUID of the block device using blkid
> and add that into the /etc/fstab for each fo the mount points than
> using changable /dev entrys)
> f) run grub-install from the chroot.
> g) Done.
>
>
> Way2) (actually more risky and less easy than the above IMHO and will
> only work with an msdos disk label )
>
> Block copy + fixup disk boundrys by hand + add paritions at the end
> a) Boot a live environment
> b) ddrescue /dev/old to /dev/new after running sfdisk on the old and
> new and keeping a copy of the cylinder/layout info somewhere to refer
> to
> c) partprobe the new /dev/new
> e) Run gparted/parted and align sectors etc
> f) Add/resize the last parition to fill the space
> g) Cross fingers.
>
>
>
>
> -Joel
> http://gplus.to/aenertia
> @aenertia
>
>
> On 28 May 2014 11:03, Catalin Soare  wrote:
>> Hello,
>>
>> In one of my computers I have 2 HDDs. One of them is a 250 GB drive (debian)
>> and the other is a 300 GB (data).
>>
>> I've decided to give one of them to my parents because the one they have
>> right now makes some strange noises. So I've backed up and cleaned up the
>> drive, and as we speak I am cloning my debian install (from the 250 GB disk)
>> onto the other drive.
>>
>> My fstab contains blkids to identify the root, swap, and home partitions.
>> Will the new clone just boot as if it was on the old drive?
>>
>> Also is there a simple method to resize the future home partition and move
>> the root partition so that I don't end up with unallocated space on the
>> drive?
>> Basically I'd like to have a bootable system while also being able to use
>> the entire space on the disk.
>>
>> Thank you for any suggestions,
>>
>> --
>> Sent from my Brick (TM)


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Re: Cloning hdds of different sizes

[Joel Wirāmu Pauling]

You can do this several ways.

Way 1)

Filesystem level copy + grub install.

a)Use a rescue or minimal live boot environment, partition your new
disk as you like; complete the minimal install.
b)Drop to a shell in the live environment, and mount the new root and
fstab layout under a tmp target mount point (i tend to use
/mnt/newhttp://gplus.to/aenertia
@aenertia


On 28 May 2014 11:03, Catalin Soare  wrote:
> Hello,
>
> In one of my computers I have 2 HDDs. One of them is a 250 GB drive (debian)
> and the other is a 300 GB (data).
>
> I've decided to give one of them to my parents because the one they have
> right now makes some strange noises. So I've backed up and cleaned up the
> drive, and as we speak I am cloning my debian install (from the 250 GB disk)
> onto the other drive.
>
> My fstab contains blkids to identify the root, swap, and home partitions.
> Will the new clone just boot as if it was on the old drive?
>
> Also is there a simple method to resize the future home partition and move
> the root partition so that I don't end up with unallocated space on the
> drive?
> Basically I'd like to have a bootable system while also being able to use
> the entire space on the disk.
>
> Thank you for any suggestions,
>
> --
> Sent from my Brick (TM)


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Re: Debian laptop recommendations? Non-proprietary software only.

[Joel Wirāmu Pauling]

Happily Recommend this:

http://hothardware.com/Reviews/Lenovo-ThinkPad-X1-Carbon-2014-A-Fantastic-Revision/

Or The Haswell revision of the Acer Aspire S7

Or the Asus UX301


Basically if you are buying a laptop new. Don't buy anything that isn't a
Haswell chip - mainly due to battery life issues with Ivybridge series.

Also avoid anything with 'Hybrid' Graphics. There are issues with EDP panel
recognition under even intel-drm-next kernel trees with these due to poorly
implemented and documented EDP matrix splitters between graphics chipsets.

I have it on Authority that Haswell will be the last chipset where
Optimus/Hybrid graphics will exists. Good riddance.


-Joel
@aenertia


On 28 March 2014 07:49, Testosticore Fantastiballs <
testostic...@openmailbox.org> wrote:

> Hello, all!
>
> I'm currently in the market for a laptop/notebook computer on which to
> have a fully free installation of Debian GNU/Linux.
>
> That's is, I plan to have no proprietary programs whatsoever installed on
> it. This doesn't mean that I won't install some programs which Debian, as
> per the Debian Free Software Guidelines, may consider to be "non-free",
> since I believe there is quite a number of programs which Debian places in
> this category but which still actually meet the Free Software Definintion
> and are therefore considered non-proprietary/free software.
>
> Wi-Fi should work out of the box. The graphics should be free
> software-friendly.
>
> I'm currently eying the Lenovo Thinkpad Edge E130 and the Thinkpad Edge
> E420. Have any of you had experience with any of these machines or similar
> ones?
>
> Thanks :)
>
>
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>

Re: unstable and vbox additions

[Joel Wirāmu Pauling]

Migrate to virt-manager,spice and KVM.

vbox is broken and unsupported.

-Joel

On 10 February 2014 12:49,   wrote:
> Howdy,
>
> Trying to install virtual box guest additions but getting
>
> "Unknown version of the X window system".
>
> I've found various fixes that involve hacking the install script to allow it 
> to proceed but all my attempts to do so have failed.  What's particularly 
> confusing is that the script has defied my attempts to echo debug 
> information, so it must be redirecting output in some non-obvious manner.
>
> Help ?
>
> Thanks,
>
> Brian
>
>
> Verifying archive integrity... All good.
> Uncompressing VirtualBox 4.3.6 Guest Additions for Linux
> VirtualBox Guest Additions installer
> Removing installed version 4.3.2 of VirtualBox Guest Additions...
> Copying additional installer modules ...
> Installing additional modules ...
> Removing existing VirtualBox non-DKMS kernel modules ...done.
> Building the VirtualBox Guest Additions kernel modules
> The headers for the current running kernel were not found. If the following
> module compilation fails then this could be the reason.
>
> Building the main Guest Additions module ...done.
> Building the shared folder support module ...done.
> Building the OpenGL support module ...done.
> Doing non-kernel setup of the Guest Additions ...done.
> You should restart your guest to make sure the new modules are actually used
>
> Installing the Window System drivers
> Warning: unknown version of the X Window System installed.  Not installing
> X Window System drivers.
>  ...done.
> Installing graphics libraries and desktop services components ...done.
>
>
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Re: which program can reduce quality of mp3

[Joel Wirāmu Pauling]

Vlc has opus support since version 2 also can do decode/re-ecode from whatever.
Also mp3 playback is not a given on linux nor older versions of windows 

Long Wind  wrote:
>mp3 can be played on Linux, Windows and cell phones
>which player can play Opus?
>
>
>
>On 9/12/13, Kelly Clowers  wrote:
>>>
>> Agreed. Opus will be vastly superior at such low bitrates
>>
>
>
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Re: which program can reduce quality of mp3

[Joel Wirāmu Pauling]

MP3 is notoriously bad for low Bitrate audio. Look at Opus and/or Speex
encoding.


On 12 September 2013 11:35, Long Wind  wrote:

> I use the command below:
>
> lame --mp3input --preset 30 input.mp3 output.mp3
>
> Thank you!
>
>
> On 9/11/13, Patrick Wiseman  wrote:
> > On Wed, Sep 11, 2013 at 4:48 PM, Long Wind 
> wrote:
> >> the mp3 file is too big, 128kbps
> >> I want to reduce it to 40kbps
> >>
> >> Thanks!
> >
> > I use lame to reduce stereo mp3 files to mono; it (as one might
> > expect) halves the filesize.
> >
> > Patrick
> >
> >
> > --
>
>
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Re: [Solved] Re: wheezy upgrade -> no sound

[Joel Wirāmu Pauling]

F10 or F9 allows you to choose cards from within alsa mixer 

Richard Hector  wrote:
>-BEGIN PGP SIGNED MESSAGE-
>Hash: SHA1
>
>On 07/08/13 21:22, Darac Marjal wrote:
>
>> First of all, check the volume levels; alsamixer should give you
>> at least two different sound cards (press F6, I think, to choose
>> between them). One is your hardware card, the other is pulseaudio.
>> Make sure BOTH have sufficient volume and are unmuted.
>
>Sorted - it was Auto-Mute mode enabled on the real card. I possibly
>hadn't noticed because I had to scroll to the right to see it.
>
>Oh, and alsamixergui doesn't seem to offer a way to switch device,
>except by commandline options ... so much for gui.
>
>Many thanks,
>
>Richard
>
>
>-BEGIN PGP SIGNATURE-
>Version: GnuPG v1.4.12 (GNU/Linux)
>Comment: Using GnuPG with Icedove - http://www.enigmail.net/
>
>iQEcBAEBAgAGBQJSAuX0AAoJELSi8I/scBaN1xIH/i9jpunH+K7e6SeKaZaGVtiC
>V+Omwn59ECpjknh7HJ+wu8nwYt05HC0Zkr5o87E5ceKbEoMODXP+StGjHc+756s6
>dZ8w0cUdMfWk1f1GDRnIsCNccMuE/0E2Rkw5e453U7qlqREExlq4isHXwWcFT+4o
>Ri1gafjxgF8H8qPg1yG/5hri2KaYfWZy6HngvyMPDbYFI8xAkUoN+Amox+eMYy9A
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>=KbnP
>-END PGP SIGNATURE-
>
>
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Re: NFS Failover

[Joel Wirāmu Pauling]

I successfully run nfsv4 and drbd in clustered mode.

The main thing to do wrt config files for nfs is pin down port numbers
to specific (rather than dynamic ones) at startup for the rpc suite.
And also switch to UDP rather than transport (solves session issues
during failover) - your clients all need to explicitly ensure they are
mounting with udp options.

Also you need to have the rpc socket file handles on a clustered
filesystem somewhere mounted on both nodes (I use GFS2 for this
purpose as it's easier).

I have heard great things about ceph instead of drbd but haven't tried
it myself yet.

On 27 June 2013 09:06, Stan Hoeppner  wrote:
> On 6/26/2013 2:54 PM, David Parker wrote:
>
>> As you both pointed out, it
>> would be easier and safer to use a clustered filesystem instead of NFS for
>> this project.  I'll check out GlusterFS, it looks like a great option.
>
> It may be worth clarification to note GlusterFS is not a cluster
> filesystem.  It is a distributed filesystem.  There is a significant
> difference between clustered and distributed.
>
> A distributed filesystem such as Gluster is applicable to your needs as
> you can add/remove clients in an ad hoc manner without issue.  A cluster
> filesystem is probably not suitable, because you simply can't connect
> new nodes in a willy nilly fashion.  None of OCFS, GFS, GPFS, CXFS, etc
> handle this very well, if at all.  Cluster filesystems require hardware
> fencing between nodes.  One doesn't setup hardware fencing willy nilly.
>
> --
> Stan
>
>
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Re: Re: At my wit's end with openvpn

[Joel Wirāmu Pauling]

Also add

pull

to the end of the config file.

On 25 June 2013 16:09, Joel Wirāmu Pauling  wrote:
> Goes to syslog by default i.e /var/log/syslog IIRC.
>
> Your name resolution issue is seperate, and probably due to needing
> different name servers. Ensure you have a tun/tap device and IP etc
> from your vpn provider with ;
>
> $ip addr
>
> and
>
> $ip route show
>
> and pinging the (hopefully new) default gateway.
>
> Find out from your provider what dns servers you can use. Or at a
> pinch at opendns or googles global ones (8.8.8.8) into
> /etc/resolv.conf
>
>
>
> On 25 June 2013 13:37, Aubrey Raech  wrote:
>>
>>> Put those settings into a file in /etc/openvpn/.conf
>>>
>>> Put your key, crt and ca into that same directory.
>>>
>>> run :
>>>
>>> $/etc/init.d/openvpn restart
>>>
>>> ta da!
>>>
>>> Done.
>>>
>>> This will automatically start on boot unless you change your startup 
>>> scripts.
>>
>> I did this, and I lose the ability to connect. Domains no longer
>> resolve, which I found out from ping.
>>
>> I put the user/pass in a text file in the same directory and pointed
>> my .conf to that, which I know is less than ideal but it's the option
>> I'm stuck with for now. Where are the logs for openvpn, I can't seem
>> to find them?
>>
>> --
>> Aubrey
>>
>> "There are two types of people in the world: those who
>>   can extrapolate from incomplete data."
>>
>>
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Re: Re: At my wit's end with openvpn

[Joel Wirāmu Pauling]

Goes to syslog by default i.e /var/log/syslog IIRC.

Your name resolution issue is seperate, and probably due to needing
different name servers. Ensure you have a tun/tap device and IP etc
from your vpn provider with ;

$ip addr

and

$ip route show

and pinging the (hopefully new) default gateway.

Find out from your provider what dns servers you can use. Or at a
pinch at opendns or googles global ones (8.8.8.8) into
/etc/resolv.conf



On 25 June 2013 13:37, Aubrey Raech  wrote:
>
>> Put those settings into a file in /etc/openvpn/.conf
>>
>> Put your key, crt and ca into that same directory.
>>
>> run :
>>
>> $/etc/init.d/openvpn restart
>>
>> ta da!
>>
>> Done.
>>
>> This will automatically start on boot unless you change your startup scripts.
>
> I did this, and I lose the ability to connect. Domains no longer
> resolve, which I found out from ping.
>
> I put the user/pass in a text file in the same directory and pointed
> my .conf to that, which I know is less than ideal but it's the option
> I'm stuck with for now. Where are the logs for openvpn, I can't seem
> to find them?
>
> --
> Aubrey
>
> "There are two types of people in the world: those who
>   can extrapolate from incomplete data."
>
>
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Re: At my wit's end with openvpn

[Joel Wirāmu Pauling]

Oh I just noticed you are using userpass auth method...

so just the ca and the userpass in-line in the file will work.

You would be much better off getting a key and crt from your provider
if they support it than using user pass.

On 25 June 2013 12:49, Joel Wirāmu Pauling  wrote:
> Put those settings into a file in /etc/openvpn/.conf
>
> Put your key, crt and ca into that same directory.
>
> run :
>
> $/etc/init.d/openvpn restart
>
> ta da!
>
> Done.
>
> This will automatically start on boot unless you change your startup scripts.
>
>
> On 25 June 2013 12:30, Aubrey Raech  wrote:
>> Hey all,
>>
>> I'm at my wit's end with openvpn. I've had a VPN service for almost a
>> month now and I haven't been able to use it on Debian sid. I've never
>> used a VPN before, so this is all very new to me.
>>
>> The service works out of the box on my flatmate's Windows computer, and
>> if I use the provided installation script for Ubuntu 12.04, everything
>> is set up and magically works. (I tried it using a LiveCD of Ubuntu
>> 12.04.)
>>
>> Unfortunately, on Debian sid, it simply doesn't work. The optimal way
>> of setting up the VPN service would be to open the network manager in
>> GNOME 3.4, add a new interface (of type "VPN"), input the server and
>> login credentials, and save it. When I click the toggle to switch it
>> On, it says On but does not activate. If I click the name of the VPN
>> interface, it shows the toggle to be OFF. No amount of waiting at
>> this point will activate the service. No error messages are given.
>>
>> I've tried it with the numerous servers provided by the service, and
>> all have the same effect in the GNOME network manager.
>>
>> I found an article on their site written by a user recommending typing
>> "openvpn Location.ovpn" at the command-line as root; the Location.ovpn
>> files are included in a tarball from the service (along with their
>> certificate, which I have properly pointed to in all instances of
>> attempting connection). An example of these files are between the
>> tildes:
>>
>> ~
>> client
>> dev tun
>> proto udp
>> remote us-west.privateinternetaccess.com 1194
>> resolv-retry infinite
>> nobind
>> persist-key
>> persist-tun
>> ca ca.crt
>> tls-client
>> remote-cert-tls server
>> auth-user-pass
>> comp-lzo
>> verb 1
>> reneg-sec 0
>> ~
>>
>> When I run that command, I am prompted for my username and password. I
>> input these, and then it is reported that the connection is
>> successful. If I'm *lucky* I can squeeze out enough kilobytes of
>> connection to find out that my IP is successfully being reported as
>> whatever the location I chose is, but after that I cannot connect to
>> anything until I cease the connection with C-c in the command line.
>>
>> I'm at my wit's end as to why this is working in Ubuntu and Windows
>> but not in Debian, and it's driving me mad. I'd like to see some
>> errors! Some sort of pointer as to where I can look next or what I can
>> try next. Any tips on either what I can try or what I can input to get
>> some error messages?
>>
>> For the record, I have an installation of Debian Wheezy (stable) and
>> this problem is identical in there. I think the problem is probably
>> GNOME3's, but do not know of another method of connecting to a VPN
>> with which to test that theory!
>>
>> Also, for reference, here's the help page for the service:
>> https://www.privateinternetaccess.com/pages/client-support/
>>
>> Thank you in advance,
>>
>> --
>> Aubrey
>>
>> "There are two types of people in the world: those who
>>   can extrapolate from incomplete data."
>>
>>
>> --
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Re: At my wit's end with openvpn

[Joel Wirāmu Pauling]

Put those settings into a file in /etc/openvpn/.conf

Put your key, crt and ca into that same directory.

run :

$/etc/init.d/openvpn restart

ta da!

Done.

This will automatically start on boot unless you change your startup scripts.


On 25 June 2013 12:30, Aubrey Raech  wrote:
> Hey all,
>
> I'm at my wit's end with openvpn. I've had a VPN service for almost a
> month now and I haven't been able to use it on Debian sid. I've never
> used a VPN before, so this is all very new to me.
>
> The service works out of the box on my flatmate's Windows computer, and
> if I use the provided installation script for Ubuntu 12.04, everything
> is set up and magically works. (I tried it using a LiveCD of Ubuntu
> 12.04.)
>
> Unfortunately, on Debian sid, it simply doesn't work. The optimal way
> of setting up the VPN service would be to open the network manager in
> GNOME 3.4, add a new interface (of type "VPN"), input the server and
> login credentials, and save it. When I click the toggle to switch it
> On, it says On but does not activate. If I click the name of the VPN
> interface, it shows the toggle to be OFF. No amount of waiting at
> this point will activate the service. No error messages are given.
>
> I've tried it with the numerous servers provided by the service, and
> all have the same effect in the GNOME network manager.
>
> I found an article on their site written by a user recommending typing
> "openvpn Location.ovpn" at the command-line as root; the Location.ovpn
> files are included in a tarball from the service (along with their
> certificate, which I have properly pointed to in all instances of
> attempting connection). An example of these files are between the
> tildes:
>
> ~
> client
> dev tun
> proto udp
> remote us-west.privateinternetaccess.com 1194
> resolv-retry infinite
> nobind
> persist-key
> persist-tun
> ca ca.crt
> tls-client
> remote-cert-tls server
> auth-user-pass
> comp-lzo
> verb 1
> reneg-sec 0
> ~
>
> When I run that command, I am prompted for my username and password. I
> input these, and then it is reported that the connection is
> successful. If I'm *lucky* I can squeeze out enough kilobytes of
> connection to find out that my IP is successfully being reported as
> whatever the location I chose is, but after that I cannot connect to
> anything until I cease the connection with C-c in the command line.
>
> I'm at my wit's end as to why this is working in Ubuntu and Windows
> but not in Debian, and it's driving me mad. I'd like to see some
> errors! Some sort of pointer as to where I can look next or what I can
> try next. Any tips on either what I can try or what I can input to get
> some error messages?
>
> For the record, I have an installation of Debian Wheezy (stable) and
> this problem is identical in there. I think the problem is probably
> GNOME3's, but do not know of another method of connecting to a VPN
> with which to test that theory!
>
> Also, for reference, here's the help page for the service:
> https://www.privateinternetaccess.com/pages/client-support/
>
> Thank you in advance,
>
> --
> Aubrey
>
> "There are two types of people in the world: those who
>   can extrapolate from incomplete data."
>
>
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Re: wu-ftp substitute

[Joel Wirāmu Pauling]

vsftpd

On 7 May 2013 16:23, T o n g  wrote:
> Hi,
>
> I'm looking for a wu-ftp substitute, i.e., an ftp server that is
> relatively easy to configure the anonymous upload.
>
> Please advice.
> Thanks
>
>
>
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Re: Bluetooth and Wifi interfering each other?

[Joel Wirāmu Pauling]

Yes Bluetooth kills wifi quite badly, this is a horrible fundemental
design flaw in the way bluetooth works by channel hopping all the time
with small cell fragments. It means the probability of collision with
wifi (which uses long fragments before hopping) is high.

Bluetooth is idiotic by design unfortunately.

On 29 April 2013 16:35, Beco  wrote:
>
> Dear linuxers,
>
> Is it just me or every time I turn on my bluetooth mouse I lost wifi
> connection and vice-versa?
>
> This happened consistently since 3 hours ago (that made me have the courage
> to ask), but had also happened some sparse other times, and I always felt it
> could be related, but it was too much possible to be a coincidence also...
>
> I am still not sure, actually...
>
> Did someone related something like this before?
>
> Thanks,
>
> Beco.
>
>
>
> --
> Dr Beco
> A.I. researcher
>
> "Sometimes the heart sees what is invisible to the eye." (H. Jackson Brown
> Jr.)


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Re: Scratchy sound with debian wheezy on ASUS A73B series

[Joel Wirāmu Pauling]

**cough** modinfo 

also yes the kernel source tree documents all these options.

On 2 April 2013 16:25, Chris Bannister  wrote:
>
>
> [Please don't top post on this mailing list.]
>
> On Tue, Apr 02, 2013 at 11:44:34AM +1300, Joel Wirāmu Pauling wrote:
>> I have been getting this on various machines (FX890 Chipsets(AMD),
>> Sandybridge Machines - others) with all recent kernels from around 3.1
>> onwards. There must have been a commit affecting the snd_hda_intel
>> driver as this is the commonality between them.
>>
>> Trying to bisect what comit  will be difficult. There are several
>> module params to try and it appears to be something to do with buffers
>> as the issue only seems to crop up at the start of audio streams. I.e
>> if I fast forward/play another stream etc then it seems to right
>> itself.
>>
>> There are several module parms you can try to resolve the issue if
>> this is the same:
>>
>>
>> parm:   index:Index value for Intel HD audio interface. (array of 
>> int)
>> parm:   id:ID string for Intel HD audio interface. (array of charp)
>> parm:   enable:Enable Intel HD audio interface. (array of bool)
>> parm:   model:Use the given board model. (array of charp)
>> parm:   position_fix:DMA pointer read method.(-1 = system
>> default, 0 = auto, 1 = LPIB, 2 = POSBUF, 3 = VIACOMBO, 4 = COMBO).
>> (array of int)
>> parm:   bdl_pos_adj:BDL position adjustment offset. (array of int)
>> parm:   probe_mask:Bitmask to probe codecs (default = -1).
>> (array of int)
>> parm:   probe_only:Only probing and no codec initialization.
>> (array of int)
>> parm:   jackpoll_ms:Ms between polling for jack events
>> (default = 0, using unsol events only) (array of int)
>> parm:   single_cmd:Use single command to communicate with
>> codecs (for debugging only). (bool)
>> parm:   enable_msi:Enable Message Signaled Interrupt (MSI) (bint)
>> parm:   power_save:Automatic power-saving timeout (in second,
>> 0 = disable). (xint)
>> parm:   power_save_controller:Reset controller in power save
>> mode. (bool)
>> parm:   align_buffer_size:Force buffer and period sizes to be
>> multiple of 128 bytes. (bint)
>> parm:   snoop:Enable/disable snooping (bool)
>
>
> Interesting, thanks for the info. What file did you find these in, or is
> it a secret?  It's probably in the kernel source doc package?
>
> Is there some info on how to use them? A file name/url would be good.
>
> --
> "If you're not careful, the newspapers will have you hating the people
> who are being oppressed, and loving the people who are doing the
> oppressing." --- Malcolm X
>
>
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Re: NAS raid with Debian?

[Joel Wirāmu Pauling]

On 4 April 2013 14:05, Nigel Roberts  wrote:
> Marvell Kirkwood SoC


Is it the SoC or the Switch chipset doing the heavy lifting there?
What conditions do you get that throughput? The Kirkwood SoC's are a
bit better than some of the rubbish out there, it is important to note
that there are some good Marvel SoC's (i.e Kirkwood) and some Rubbish
ones (i.e Amarda) I have seen them flail for instance with high
numbers of IO writes (for instance bit-torrent, DRBD backing store,
NFS as VM backing store)  on synology X12. - Don't get me going on
QNAP's

Given it is a different arch, less hardware, less expandable etc I
simply can't recommend people use them given you can build an x86_64
low TPW style system for less than 200$ (NZ dollars). You do have the
advantages that you get an all in one unit so there is that.


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Re: NAS raid with Debian?

[Joel Wirāmu Pauling]

You are best to build your own, given that the majority of cheap NAS
boxes use Freescale ARM or even MIP's chips. The poor little buses in
these things are barely able to transport between 10-50mbit between
the CPU and attached storage devices. So your performance is always
going to be marginal. Certainly nowhere near the performance of a
cheap x86_64  based board attached to a Sata disk.

You can pick up relatively inexpensive atom or amd e series mobo's or
even laptops with ESATA for the 200-300$ range and then just add esata
caddy to them.

-Joel



On 4 April 2013 13:00, Rick Thomas  wrote:
>
> Are there any readily available, inexpensive (US$200-500), NAS (Network
> Attached Storage) boxes in the 1-3TB capacity that are capable of running
> Debian and NFS?
>
> I'm looking for a device that can export a RAID-1, either ext4 or ZFS,
> capacity in the 1-3TB range (two disks, each of that capacity, mirrored) via
> NFSv[34] with gigabit networking.
>
> Any suggestions?  Any experience to share?
>
>
> Thanks!
>
> Rick
>
>
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Re: Scratchy sound with debian wheezy on ASUS A73B series

[Joel Wirāmu Pauling]

I have been getting this on various machines (FX890 Chipsets(AMD),
Sandybridge Machines - others) with all recent kernels from around 3.1
onwards. There must have been a commit affecting the snd_hda_intel
driver as this is the commonality between them.

Trying to bisect what comit  will be difficult. There are several
module params to try and it appears to be something to do with buffers
as the issue only seems to crop up at the start of audio streams. I.e
if I fast forward/play another stream etc then it seems to right
itself.

There are several module parms you can try to resolve the issue if
this is the same:


parm:   index:Index value for Intel HD audio interface. (array of int)
parm:   id:ID string for Intel HD audio interface. (array of charp)
parm:   enable:Enable Intel HD audio interface. (array of bool)
parm:   model:Use the given board model. (array of charp)
parm:   position_fix:DMA pointer read method.(-1 = system
default, 0 = auto, 1 = LPIB, 2 = POSBUF, 3 = VIACOMBO, 4 = COMBO).
(array of int)
parm:   bdl_pos_adj:BDL position adjustment offset. (array of int)
parm:   probe_mask:Bitmask to probe codecs (default = -1).
(array of int)
parm:   probe_only:Only probing and no codec initialization.
(array of int)
parm:   jackpoll_ms:Ms between polling for jack events
(default = 0, using unsol events only) (array of int)
parm:   single_cmd:Use single command to communicate with
codecs (for debugging only). (bool)
parm:   enable_msi:Enable Message Signaled Interrupt (MSI) (bint)
parm:   power_save:Automatic power-saving timeout (in second,
0 = disable). (xint)
parm:   power_save_controller:Reset controller in power save
mode. (bool)
parm:   align_buffer_size:Force buffer and period sizes to be
multiple of 128 bytes. (bint)
parm:   snoop:Enable/disable snooping (bool)


On 2 April 2013 10:11, Ximo  wrote:
> On 04/01/2013 01:15 AM, Vincent Hobeïka wrote:
>>
>> Dear debian users,
>>
>> I have recently set up a debian wheezy on an ASUS A73B series.
>> Everything went well except that the sound is very scratchy. I can
>> play sound but there is an additional annoying noise, like a bad
>> communication on old land lines: scrrrtch scrrrtch. The higher the
>> volume, the higher the frequency of the scratches (and volume too). It
>> sounds a bit like a saturated amplifier, but not exactly. It's more
>> like a bad contact which would always work badly. There is a dual boot
>> on the computer and the sound is working perfectly well on another non
>> free operating system. So I suppose that the hardware is ok.
>>
>> I have checked the volumes and they are not at the max. I have tried
>> to play with alsa settings without any improvement.
>> I tried adding a PCM channel in order to reduce this effect (see
>> .asoundrc below). I can change the volume with three channels: master,
>> PCM, speaker.
>> I have tried removing pulseaudio, alsa-base, reinstalling them one by
>> one... I finally installed paman and pavucontrol and played with them,
>> but nothing worked.
>>
>> Any help or hint would be very welcome. Here is my setup:
>>
>> $ aplay -l
>>  Liste des Périphériques Matériels PLAYBACK 
>> carte 0: SB [HDA ATI SB], périphérique 0: ALC269VB Analog [ALC269VB
>> Analog]
>>Sous-périphériques: 1/1
>>Sous-périphérique #0: subdevice #0
>> carte 1: Generic [HD-Audio Generic], périphérique 3: HDMI 0 [HDMI 0]
>>Sous-périphériques: 1/1
>>Sous-périphérique #0: subdevice #0
>>
>> $ aplay -L
>> http://paste.debian.net/246281/
>>
>> $ cat .asoundrc
>> pcm.!default front:SB
>>
>> $ cat /proc/asound/card*/codec#0 | grep -i codec
>> Codec: Realtek ALC269VB
>> Codec: ATI R6xx HDMI
>>
>> $ cat /proc/asound/modules
>>   0 snd_hda_intel
>>   1 snd_hda_intel
>>
>> $ lspci -nn |grep Audio
>> 00:14.2 Audio device [0403]: Advanced Micro Devices [AMD] nee ATI
>> SBx00 Azalia (Intel HDA) [1002:4383] (rev 40)
>> 01:00.1 Audio device [0403]: Advanced Micro Devices [AMD] nee ATI
>> Caicos HDMI Audio [Radeon HD 6400 Series] [1002:aa98]
>>
>> $ lsmod | grep snd
>> http://paste.debian.net/246284/
>>
>> $ cat /etc/modprobe.d/alsa-base.conf
>> http://paste.debian.net/246285/
>>
>> $ aptitude search "~dsound ~i"
>> http://paste.debian.net/246286/
>>
>> $ cat /etc/apt/sources.list
>> deb http://ftp.fr.debian.org/debian/ wheezy main contrib non-free
>> deb-src http://ftp.fr.debian.org/debian/ wheezy main
>> deb http://security.debian.org/ wheezy/updates main contrib
>> deb-src http://security.debian.org/ wheezy/updates main contrib
>>
>> I am completely lost. Can anyone give me some hints regarding this please?
>>
>> Best regards,
>>
>
> Hello,
>
> If the BIOS have the parameter "PCI latency timer" try increasing it.
>
> More info
> .
>
> Best regards,
>
> --
> ximolis...@yahoo.es
>
>
>
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Re: Up to date Sid: Custom kernel, trying to install Virtualbox

[Joel Wirāmu Pauling]

Just out of curiosity why are you not using KVM? It is better, faster,
and integrated with the kernel. virt-manager is more than capable tool
for provisioning VM's.

On 13 March 2013 12:57, Curt Howland  wrote:
> Good evening. Up-to-date Sid, 32 bit.
>
> I've been trying to install VirtualBox, both from the Sid main
> archives and the Oracle
> virtualbox-4.2_4.2.8-83876~Debian~wheezy_i386.deb package.
>
> Both give the same error, that the kernel module cannot be built
> because the kernel source tree cannot be found.
>
> I'm running a self-compiled 3.6.5, and /usr/src/linux-3.6.5 exists.
>
> How do I tell DKMS that the source for linux kernel 3.6.5 is
> /usr/src/linux-3.6.5/ ?
>
> The /var/log/vboxinstall.log says,
>
> =
> Uninstalling modules from DKMS
> Attempting to install using DKMS
>
> Creating symlink /var/lib/dkms/vboxhost/4.2.8/source ->
>  /usr/src/vboxhost-4.2.8
>
> DKMS: add completed.
> Failed to install using DKMS, attempting to install without
> Makefile:181: *** Error: unable to find the sources of your current
> Linux kernel. Specify KERN_DIR= and run Make again.  Stop.
> =
>
> I've tried to set "KERN_DIR=/usr/src/linux-3.6.5" and it doesn't seem
> to be making it into whatever DKMS is using for its build since it
> gives the same error every time.
>
> Has anyone else solved this?
>
> Curt-
>
>
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