Re: NFS max file size??
On Sat, Sep 20, 2003 at 06:47:20PM +0200, Joan Tur wrote: I need to copy files over 2GB over a NFS share, but it seems to be limited to 2GB 8-? Correct. Use NFS-V3. Roger. -- ** [EMAIL PROTECTED] ** http://www.BitWizard.nl/ ** +31-15-2600998 ** *-- BitWizard writes Linux device drivers for any device you may have! --* Linux is like a wigwam - no windows, no gates, apache inside! -- To UNSUBSCRIBE, email to [EMAIL PROTECTED] with a subject of unsubscribe. Trouble? Contact [EMAIL PROTECTED]
Re: burning a lot of coasters
On Wed, Sep 17, 2003 at 03:45:00PM +0800, Crispin Wellington wrote: discipline). Realtime scheduling allows the burning process to get all the CPU it needs, regardless of what other processes are doing. I have never made any coasters, ever, burning as root. Right. But in practise, lack of CPU is seldomly a problem. If anything your buffer underrus will come from IO bottlenecks. Of course you can starve the burning process if you really want to. yes /dev/null !! !! !! !! !! !! !! !! But if you get a shrinking or too small buffer, it's usually the disk not being able to seek fast enough. For example, if your source tree has lots of small files. The seek-to-the-data of all those small files will hurt throughput in a major way. And even worse: If you have anohter process suddenly require that kind of attention of the disk drive. Roger. -- ** [EMAIL PROTECTED] ** http://www.BitWizard.nl/ ** +31-15-2600998 ** *-- BitWizard writes Linux device drivers for any device you may have! --* Linux is like a wigwam - no windows, no gates, apache inside! -- To UNSUBSCRIBE, email to [EMAIL PROTECTED] with a subject of unsubscribe. Trouble? Contact [EMAIL PROTECTED]
Re: Computer won't boot without video cable
On Tue, Sep 16, 2003 at 08:09:42PM -0400, Mark Roach wrote: On Tue, 2003-09-16 at 16:22, John Hasler wrote: Why not just pull out the video card? Most systems will not boot if no video card is present. I imagine there is some guide on line on how to fool the video card into thinking a monitor is present using some sort of loopback adapter, possibly as simple as a wire from one pin to another. Most of my computers say (a to me very familiar): beeep beep beep beep when they boot without video card. Make sure you configure the bios to: HALT on no erorrs. It's usually on the first screen, below the settings for the drives. (on AMIBIOS at least) Roger. -- ** [EMAIL PROTECTED] ** http://www.BitWizard.nl/ ** +31-15-2600998 ** *-- BitWizard writes Linux device drivers for any device you may have! --* Linux is like a wigwam - no windows, no gates, apache inside! -- To UNSUBSCRIBE, email to [EMAIL PROTECTED] with a subject of unsubscribe. Trouble? Contact [EMAIL PROTECTED]
Re: burning a lot of coasters
On Tue, Sep 16, 2003 at 06:10:58PM -0400, Mark Roach wrote: I recently acquired a dvd+rw drive for archival of a few hundred gigs of document images and have been fairly disappointed with the performance of the device. I have gotten a total of 7 good, 4 bad dvds from the drive. It's a firewire device, I'm using growisofs as a normal user, and this is the error I keep getting Sep 15 20:55:23 imgburner kernel: Current sr00:00: sense key Medium Error Sep 15 20:55:23 imgburner kernel: Additional sense indicates Write error Sep 15 20:55:24 imgburner kernel: Current sr00:00: sense key Medium Error Sep 15 20:55:24 imgburner kernel: Additional sense indicates Write error Sep 15 20:59:46 imgburner kernel: I/O error: dev 0b:00, sector 64 Are you using some dvd burning software and dvd+w media? My colleagues say that the DVD burners don't have burnproof when burning DVDs, so you hsould have your DVD image ready at all times. We build an image in a large file on a local disk before starting to burn it. Oh, and we run the burn as root because otherwise it complains about not being able to increase its priority. In theory this should not be a problem if you're using DVD+RW media. In theory Roger. -- ** [EMAIL PROTECTED] ** http://www.BitWizard.nl/ ** +31-15-2600998 ** *-- BitWizard writes Linux device drivers for any device you may have! --* Linux is like a wigwam - no windows, no gates, apache inside! -- To UNSUBSCRIBE, email to [EMAIL PROTECTED] with a subject of unsubscribe. Trouble? Contact [EMAIL PROTECTED]
Re: Dual Parallel Ports and a PLX 9052 chip
On Mon, Sep 01, 2003 at 01:24:51AM -0400, Jody Grafals wrote: I just bought cheepy PCI dual Parallel Port card with a PLX 9052 chip for my home linux server so I can add a second printer and a Old school Connectix Web Cam but I can not get it working. I already have a Zip drive and a printer working with the onboard parallel port with kernel 2.5.69. The PLX 9052 chips is in all kinds of wired stuff so I have not had much luck on google looking for answers. Has anyone used this chip before to support parallel ports or can anyone point me in the right direction? I get nothing about the card in dmesg but I do get this output from lspci # lspci -vv 00:0f.0 Network controller: PLX Technology, Inc. PCI - IOBus Bridge (rev 02) Interrupt: pin A routed to IRQ 10 Region 0: Memory at e8002000 (32-bit, non-prefetchable) [size=128] Region 1: I/O ports at b000 [size=128] Try telling the lpt layer that a printer port lives at 0xb000. See if that just happens to magically work. (I'm too lazy to go and read the manuals for you, but you should be able to figure it out by yourself..) Then, suppose that it works, you will have to guess where the second one lives: 0xb004 0xb008 0xb010 0xb020 0xb040 Are the most likely candidates. Roger. -- ** [EMAIL PROTECTED] ** http://www.BitWizard.nl/ ** +31-15-2600998 ** *-- BitWizard writes Linux device drivers for any device you may have! --* Linux is like a wigwam - no windows, no gates, apache inside! -- To UNSUBSCRIBE, email to [EMAIL PROTECTED] with a subject of unsubscribe. Trouble? Contact [EMAIL PROTECTED]
Re: an unfortunate dummy apologies
On Mon, Sep 01, 2003 at 05:13:22PM +, zoe wrote: apologies for my post yesterday Accepted. red hat, suse, mandrake, caldera, and half a dozen other distributions all crashed or became unworkable) Sounds like a hardware problem in your computer. But then the desk bar/task bar stated to flicker and disappear under my user mode in KDE. Root seemed ok, so did gnome. I repeatedly rebooted and restarted it feebly trying to get control. At last I shifted it to the roof of the monitor and it seemed to stabilise. Sounds like a hardware problem in your computer. Read http://www.bitwizard.nl/sig11/ . It sort of assumes you were trying to compile a kernel, and got signal 11 erorrs during that. I recommend that after reading the FAQ, you start compiling kernels just to try to get the signal 11 errros. If you do, then you know for sure that you've got a hardware problem on your hands. Roger. -- ** [EMAIL PROTECTED] ** http://www.BitWizard.nl/ ** +31-15-2600998 ** *-- BitWizard writes Linux device drivers for any device you may have! --* Linux is like a wigwam - no windows, no gates, apache inside! -- To UNSUBSCRIBE, email to [EMAIL PROTECTED] with a subject of unsubscribe. Trouble? Contact [EMAIL PROTECTED]
Re: killing xsane
On Fri, Aug 29, 2003 at 11:25:07PM -0400, Bret Comstock Waldow wrote: And it won't go away. ps ax sees it - kill 'pid' doesn't get rid of it. 'killall xsane' won't get rid of it. You COULD as a last resort send it the unconditional kill signal. However, if you kill xsane it will try to neatly shut down the scan-device. This takes (in some cases, on my scanner) over half a minute. IMHO, that's preferable to killing the scanning prgram forcibly. (It's waiting for the scanner to complete somthing, and the scanner wont do anything else unless it's finished doing that...) Roger. -- ** [EMAIL PROTECTED] ** http://www.BitWizard.nl/ ** +31-15-2600998 ** *-- BitWizard writes Linux device drivers for any device you may have! --* Linux is like a wigwam - no windows, no gates, apache inside! -- To UNSUBSCRIBE, email to [EMAIL PROTECTED] with a subject of unsubscribe. Trouble? Contact [EMAIL PROTECTED]
Re: cloning Debian hard drive
On Wed, Aug 27, 2003 at 09:49:40PM +0200, mess-mate wrote: On Wed, 27 Aug 2003 11:49:44 +1000 Corey Ralph [EMAIL PROTECTED] wrote: | On Wednesday, August 27, 2003, at 01:27 AM, Victory wrote: | 1, Is there way to clone this hard drive ? | | If you are cloning it to an identical hard drive, you can use dd, eg: | | dd if=/dev/hda of=/dev/hdb | Do you mean the same capacity or the same capacity AND manufacter/model ?? mess-mate The new disk needs to be exactly the same size, or larger. Note that some manufacturers sell drives that are 80 million kilobytes as 80 Gb, while other manufacturers sell a drive that is only 80 billion bytes as 80 Gb. So even if they are both 80 gig they might not be the same size. When you've copied it, and the second disk is larger, you have a couple of options. Leave the unused space at the end as it is, or try to use it. You could just add an extra partition at the end provided you already had an extended partition. That's the easiest. Expanding the partition closest to teh end is the other option which risks losing the data on that one when not done exactly right... Roger. -- ** [EMAIL PROTECTED] ** http://www.BitWizard.nl/ ** +31-15-2600998 ** *-- BitWizard writes Linux device drivers for any device you may have! --* Linux is like a wigwam - no windows, no gates, apache inside! -- To UNSUBSCRIBE, email to [EMAIL PROTECTED] with a subject of unsubscribe. Trouble? Contact [EMAIL PROTECTED]
Re: spamassassin
The suggestion to use -L to perform only local tests will indeed prevent the Osirussoft blacklist from influencing your scores. But it might also prevent other useful checks from running. I added: score RCVD_IN_OSIRUSOFT_COM 0.0 to my ~/.spamassassin/user_prefs file. Roger. -- ** [EMAIL PROTECTED] ** http://www.BitWizard.nl/ ** +31-15-2600998 ** *-- BitWizard writes Linux device drivers for any device you may have! --* Linux is like a wigwam - no windows, no gates, apache inside! -- To UNSUBSCRIBE, email to [EMAIL PROTECTED] with a subject of unsubscribe. Trouble? Contact [EMAIL PROTECTED]
Re: Challenge-response mail filters considered harmful
On Sun, Aug 03, 2003 at 12:32:53PM -0700, Alan Connor wrote: Right. A properly designed CR requires the recipient of the CR to hit Reply and paste a string on the subject line. ONCE. Only one time EVER. Wrong. I want to communicate with lots of people. I have to do that for every CR system user. Roger. -- ** [EMAIL PROTECTED] ** http://www.BitWizard.nl/ ** +31-15-2600998 ** *-- BitWizard writes Linux device drivers for any device you may have! --* * I didn't say it was your fault. I said I was going to blame it on you. * -- To UNSUBSCRIBE, email to [EMAIL PROTECTED] with a subject of unsubscribe. Trouble? Contact [EMAIL PROTECTED]
Re: Using dd to copy a disk.
On Mon, Jul 28, 2003 at 11:14:32PM -0700, Bill Moseley wrote: Note that I'm recommending you run lilo while you're concerned about the MBR. It might work, but running LILO again gives you a bigger chance to get it to work Yes, I would think I'd need to do that. The RAID card is confusing to me -- I assume the MBR says which drive and which sector (first sector, I suppose) to load the OS. So I'd think that would be different for the new hardware. Yes. However it should be telling: drive 0x80 sector 1234 where 1234 is the LBA of the sector to be requested, which will in fact not change. Also drive 0x80 is the first BIOS drive, which should also work. So, as long as you've specified LBA as an option in the lilo.conf, things might just work. Oh, Note that you'd be copying a LIVE partition. A logging filesystem like ext3 or XFS will take care in writing stuff to the drive in the right order. You're screwing that up by just copying over the raw drive. So rsync would be a better way to go, then. That would avoid that problem. Yes. In that case skipping the rerunning lilo step is no longer dangerous but guaranteed not to work. Otherwise, probably best to drop into single mode and then mount everything read only, as you suggest, and then run the dd command. I assume rsync will handle the symlinks ok. Plus I could re-partition the drive (say into a single partition) and rsync wouldn't care. Right. I would have expected rsync to take longer, but I guess as was pointed out dd will copy unused sectors. Right. In the case where I did it, it copied 70G of unused sectors, and finding out which 10G to copy took less time... Roger. -- ** [EMAIL PROTECTED] ** http://www.BitWizard.nl/ ** +31-15-2600998 ** *-- BitWizard writes Linux device drivers for any device you may have! --* * I didn't say it was your fault. I said I was going to blame it on you. * -- To UNSUBSCRIBE, email to [EMAIL PROTECTED] with a subject of unsubscribe. Trouble? Contact [EMAIL PROTECTED]
Re: Using dd to copy a disk.
On Mon, Jul 28, 2003 at 12:53:27PM -0700, Bill Moseley wrote: I need to clone a disk. The source is a 3ware hardware RAID 1 array. From Linux it looks like /dev/sda $ mount /dev/sda2 on / type xfs (rw) proc on /proc type proc (rw) devpts on /dev/pts type devpts (rw,gid=5,mode=620) /dev/sda5 on /tmp type xfs (rw) /dev/sda6 on /usr type xfs (rw) /dev/sda7 on /var type xfs (rw) /dev/sda8 on /usr/local type xfs (rw) /dev/sda9 on /home type xfs (rw) The destination is /dev/hda Can I build a new bare metal drive on /dev/hda using dd dd if=/dev/sda of=/dev/hda Will that work with the hardware RAID array? If so will it also copy the MBR? Yep. Yep. The destination drive will NOT be used in a RAID array. Also, the drives in the RAID array cannot be used outside of the array due to the meta data written by 3ware card. I take objection to the term cannot be used: As harddisk-recovery.com we'll make them work if neccesary, but that's not really relevant now. Is there a better way to clone the data on my RAID array for use in a stand-alone (non-raid) machine? This is the one command that does the job easily. - Make sure the destination drive is large enough. - It might boot, it might not. - Modify the /etc/fstab and /etc/lilo.conf files before rebooting. - Add device=/dev/hda bios=0x80 to Lilo.conf, mount the hda disk on /mnt and then run lilo -r /mnt (Mount at least the / and /boot partitions! Hmm. you don't have /boot, so / would have to do ) Note that I'm recommending you run lilo while you're concerned about the MBR. It might work, but running LILO again gives you a bigger chance to get it to work I recently cloned a drive this way. Copying over the 80G took quite some time. It would have been faster to just mount both sides and perform an rsync. Note that rsync is a great tool for stuff like this: partition hda to your liking mk???fs /dev/hda2 mount /dev/hda2 /mnt rsync -vax / /mnt should do the trick for one parttion. Oh, Note that you'd be copying a LIVE partition. A logging filesystem like ext3 or XFS will take care in writing stuff to the drive in the right order. You're screwing that up by just copying over the raw drive. (the OS might write onto some block that you've already passed in your dd, and THEN write a block that you haven't. So the copied filesystem will have the second write, but not the first. That's bad if that was a required ordering. I've done this lots of times without trouble on an ext2 filesystem, and the resulting fsck never found any trouble. I've done it once on an ext3 filesystem, and DID get into trouble. So be careful: It's obviously better to remount everything readonly before doing this mount -n -o remount,ro / mount -n -o remount,ro /tmp mount -n -o remount,ro /var ... Roger. -- ** [EMAIL PROTECTED] ** http://www.BitWizard.nl/ ** +31-15-2600998 ** *-- BitWizard writes Linux device drivers for any device you may have! --* * I didn't say it was your fault. I said I was going to blame it on you. * -- To UNSUBSCRIBE, email to [EMAIL PROTECTED] with a subject of unsubscribe. Trouble? Contact [EMAIL PROTECTED]
Re: 120 GB hard drive on old P75
On Tue, Jul 15, 2003 at 10:50:13AM -0700, Carl D. Blake wrote: Jul 11 14:31:46 gondolin kernel: hdc: IC35L060AVVA07-0, ATA DISK drive Jul 11 14:31:46 gondolin kernel: hdd: , ATA DISK drive Your kernel is having trouble contacting hdd with the question: Hi, what's your name?. This could imply that there are other problems for example with: Hi, what's your capacity? Some drives simply don't work with certain other drives. So, can you try if the 120G drive works when it isn't slave to the IBM drive? Speaking of which... You have a 60G IBM drive. Those sometimes suddenly break down. You do have good backups or no important stuff on that drive don't you? (Some people say: Oh, but those break down in the first 3-6 months, mine's been working for over a year now, so I'm safe. Yeah! Right! Anything but my data.) Roger. -- ** [EMAIL PROTECTED] ** http://www.BitWizard.nl/ ** +31-15-2600998 ** *-- BitWizard writes Linux device drivers for any device you may have! --* * I didn't say it was your fault. I said I was going to blame it on you. * -- To UNSUBSCRIBE, email to [EMAIL PROTECTED] with a subject of unsubscribe. Trouble? Contact [EMAIL PROTECTED]
Re: 120 GB hard drive on old P75
On Tue, Jul 15, 2003 at 10:50:13AM -0700, Carl D. Blake wrote: Jul 11 14:31:46 gondolin kernel: hdc: IC35L060AVVA07-0, ATA DISK drive Oh! Before I forget. Even if that IBM drive is labelled Hitachi or HP, it's still an IBM drive. Oh, ignore the comments from others about 80 pin cables. That's just for extra performance in modern computers. It shouldn't affect you with your old storage-server. (The 120G drive is capable of doing about 50Mb per second, your P75 will only be able to get 5 to 10Mb per second of that drive anyway) Roger. -- ** [EMAIL PROTECTED] ** http://www.BitWizard.nl/ ** +31-15-2600998 ** *-- BitWizard writes Linux device drivers for any device you may have! --* * I didn't say it was your fault. I said I was going to blame it on you. * -- To UNSUBSCRIBE, email to [EMAIL PROTECTED] with a subject of unsubscribe. Trouble? Contact [EMAIL PROTECTED]
Re: keystroke ctrl+s freezes terminal/console
On Tue, Jul 15, 2003 at 07:33:47AM -0400, Shawn Lamson wrote: Hey all - I have noticed that pressing ctrl+s in console or xterm suspends input... I have not figured out how to successfully get out of that situation. Is there a graceful way? What is the purpose of ctrl+s ( i believe I have the emacs style command line editor )? How can I disable ctrl+s or alter it so that it does not freeze my console/xterm? Note that control-S doesn't suspend input. It suspends OUTPUT! control-Q lets the output go again. Rogier. -- ** [EMAIL PROTECTED] ** http://www.BitWizard.nl/ ** +31-15-2600998 ** *-- BitWizard writes Linux device drivers for any device you may have! --* * I didn't say it was your fault. I said I was going to blame it on you. * -- To UNSUBSCRIBE, email to [EMAIL PROTECTED] with a subject of unsubscribe. Trouble? Contact [EMAIL PROTECTED]
Re: NP-complete whatever, solve the knapsack problem!
On Tue, Jul 15, 2003 at 06:35:31AM -0500, Ron Johnson wrote: On Tue, 2003-07-15 at 05:10, martin f krafft wrote: Scenario: 100 Files between 100-200Mb. Desired Result: These burned to CD in any order, so that to minimise the number of CDRs Question: is there a tool to automate this? When I've had very similar problems, I've created a 2 column file with filenames and sizes, and import it into a spreadsheet. Sort it by size descending, and start playing best fit. With Cut-and-paste and sum(), it really goes pretty quickly. I do the same with du | sort -n and a couple of directories. But if someone knows a tool, I'd appreciate it! (Note that I'd be willing to accept a non-optimal solution as long as it isn't too far off. Note that we would normally move to DVDs if the number of CDs becomes too large. So the number of disks is usually not very large.) Roger. -- ** [EMAIL PROTECTED] ** http://www.BitWizard.nl/ ** +31-15-2600998 ** *-- BitWizard writes Linux device drivers for any device you may have! --* * I didn't say it was your fault. I said I was going to blame it on you. * -- To UNSUBSCRIBE, email to [EMAIL PROTECTED] with a subject of unsubscribe. Trouble? Contact [EMAIL PROTECTED]
Re: Is my hard drive dying?
On Tue, Mar 25, 2003 at 03:32:13AM -0800, Paul Johnson wrote: -BEGIN PGP SIGNED MESSAGE- Hash: SHA1 On Mon, Mar 24, 2003 at 10:16:28PM -, Andrew Pritchard wrote: Does this mean my drive is dying? I've not had any problems with the machine till now. If you don't have hdparm spinning down your drives, odds are you are looking at the early stages of a hrd drive failure. Early? One of the blocks on the drive just went away. It's most likely unrecoverable. Moreover, it's not just a block that wasn't used at all, because otherwise, the kernel wouldn't have requested it from the drive. So, Andrew: Get your data off that drive ASAP, consider the drive a goner until proven otherwise. (Some people are giving lots of possibilities of the drive not giving the ghost. I find this dangerous: If I'd get lots of advice it could be this or that, which all indicate that the data will be safe on the drive, I'd consider checking that out while in fact I should be backing up the data that can still be read from the drive. Andrew already got his important data off the drive. Good. But for the others: You might end up feeling very sorry if you push someone with a faulty drive into checking out a couple of other possiblities before they try to backup their data, and it's too late) Roger. -- ** [EMAIL PROTECTED] ** http://www.BitWizard.nl/ ** +31-15-2600998 ** *-- BitWizard writes Linux device drivers for any device you may have! --* * The Worlds Ecosystem is a stable system. Stable systems may experience * * excursions from the stable situation. We are currently in such an * * excursion: The stable situation does not include humans. *** -- To UNSUBSCRIBE, email to [EMAIL PROTECTED] with a subject of unsubscribe. Trouble? Contact [EMAIL PROTECTED]
Re: Mysterious disk activity
On Sun, Jan 26, 2003 at 01:58:04AM +, Pigeon wrote: Hi, I get these occasional very long bursts of disk activity, usually but not always within an hour or so of booting up, during which the HD LED is on continuously and the machine is very slow to respond. There were cron jobs running global finds, which I knocked out; this helped, but Yes, that's for the locate command. You can use locate filename, and it will quickly (i.e. within two seconds, if you have less than a couple of million files unlike us) show you where files live that have that name. didn't stop it entirely. To make it more mysterious, ps ax during such a burst shows nothing untoward: If the knock them out is by hand, then you will have let find run for a couple of seconds. A little later, your system will decide that find accessed a bunch of directories, and will write hte last access time on those directories back to disk. That would explain the disk IO burst. Note that load does not always correspond to CPU usage: The system will count processes waiting for disk IO towards the load as well. This represents the slowness that lots of disk IO causes you to feel. The updatedb (that find running for locate) will run from the dayly cron jobs. There might be a bunch of other things that are considered useful to run every day. Oh, most systems (I haven't checked debian) will move the dayly jobs to the middle of the night if you leave your system running Roger. -- ** [EMAIL PROTECTED] ** http://www.BitWizard.nl/ ** +31-15-2600998 ** *-- BitWizard writes Linux device drivers for any device you may have! --* * The Worlds Ecosystem is a stable system. Stable systems may experience * * excursions from the stable situation. We are currently in such an * * excursion: The stable situation does not include humans. *** -- To UNSUBSCRIBE, email to [EMAIL PROTECTED] with a subject of unsubscribe. Trouble? Contact [EMAIL PROTECTED]
Re: Follow-up: Worst night ever...
On Thu, Jan 16, 2003 at 12:17:04AM -0600, Michael Kahle wrote: Disk: 6x 36MB Ultra SCSI disks I also need some advise how to partition the drives. I figure most of it will be one large partition (~80-100GB RAID 5), and a few other partitions for things like swap, root, boot, homes, etc. I am of the school that has had only a few partitions in the past. One for boot, one for root and one for swap. I understand that this is not the best way to configure ones system. Any advise? Please be detailed. I would assign an 2Gb partition at the beginning of every drive, and assign the rest for the big raid. Just install the system onto the first 2G partition of the first drive, and only later worry about setting up the RAIDs. Use the 6x 34G partitions for your large dataset. I would suggest: 5 disks in raid configuration and a hot spare. That will give you 136G of data-space. The small partitions you use to mirror your root. Assign one for swap (how about the one that is hot spare in the raid config?). Think about what to do with the other three. (e.g. a nightly backup of your root perhaps: A mirror doesn't protect you against woops, I didn't mean to delete THAT.) Roger. -- ** [EMAIL PROTECTED] ** http://www.BitWizard.nl/ ** +31-15-2600998 ** *-- BitWizard writes Linux device drivers for any device you may have! --* * The Worlds Ecosystem is a stable system. Stable systems may experience * * excursions from the stable situation. We are currently in such an * * excursion: The stable situation does not include humans. *** -- To UNSUBSCRIBE, email to [EMAIL PROTECTED] with a subject of unsubscribe. Trouble? Contact [EMAIL PROTECTED]
Re: how to rename multiple files
On Sat, Jan 04, 2003 at 09:51:21PM -0500, Fraser Campbell wrote: On January 4, 2003 09:20 pm, the fabulous Gerald V. Livingston II wrote: Thank you. Took a couple of tries to get the syntax correct but I ended up with this: if [ `ls *.jpg 2/dev/null|wc -l` -gt 0 ] then for i in *.jpg; do mmv $i `date +%s`-$a.jpg; a=a+1; done fi If there were thousands of jpgs you'll probably still get a too many arguments error with that for loop. I usually do something like this: Nope, The for is internal to the shell. It will not suffer from the too many arguments problem. Whereas, the ls you suggest is external and WILL have that problem! ls *.jpg | while read i; do mv $i `date +%s`-$a.jpg; a=a+1 done [ I created a directory whith too many files and then: ] sh-2.05$ ls * | while read i ; do echo $i done sh: /bin/ls: Argument list too long sh-2.05$ [ whereas: ] sh-2.05$ for i in * ; do echo $i; done alksdjfklasjljkdasjkladsjklasdjlkasjkldfljksljkjklassdkljfljkdsfjlsalkfj999 h-2.05$ (ls IS internal on some shells, but apparently not in mine, or maybe not when running non-interactively, but then again, I DID do this interactively... ) Roger. -- ** [EMAIL PROTECTED] ** http://www.BitWizard.nl/ ** +31-15-2600998 ** *-- BitWizard writes Linux device drivers for any device you may have! --* * The Worlds Ecosystem is a stable system. Stable systems may experience * * excursions from the stable situation. We are currently in such an * * excursion: The stable situation does not include humans. *** -- To UNSUBSCRIBE, email to [EMAIL PROTECTED] with a subject of unsubscribe. Trouble? Contact [EMAIL PROTECTED]
Re: debian on openbrick
On Mon, Dec 30, 2002 at 06:36:32PM -0500, Bao C. Ha wrote: Personally, I don't think it is safe to mount the compactflash as the live root filesystem. It is not designed to have that many write-cycles as a regular hard disk. So, even with a larger size compactflash, what we are doing will still be valuable contributions. FYI, I'm doing a project where I had my ext-3 root filesystem mounted read-write. Turns out that by turning off the power to the system, you can crash the filesystem beyond repair. My client has seen it two or three times, I've seen it happen twice. I'm hoping it won't happen again when I use the root filesystem read-only. Roger. -- ** [EMAIL PROTECTED] ** http://www.BitWizard.nl/ ** +31-15-2600998 ** *-- BitWizard writes Linux device drivers for any device you may have! --* * The Worlds Ecosystem is a stable system. Stable systems may experience * * excursions from the stable situation. We are currently in such an * * excursion: The stable situation does not include humans. *** -- To UNSUBSCRIBE, email to [EMAIL PROTECTED] with a subject of unsubscribe. Trouble? Contact [EMAIL PROTECTED]
Re: How stupid can i get :( - please help pls pls pls
On Sun, Dec 29, 2002 at 12:25:37AM -0800, Jatin Golani wrote: Now if I try to boot into Debian I get a kernel panic. When booted into Mandrake, fdisk still shows the partition as a Linux partition with id 83...if I try to mount this partition i get a bad fs, bad superblock or too many mounted filesystems msg. If i try doing a swapon /dev/hda6 (hda6 is or was my ext3)just to see if i can load it as swap, swapon doesn't complain :( Under Windows Partition Magic still shows the partition as Linux Hi Jatin, First let me say that I work for a commercial data-recovery company. My guess is that we would be able to recover most of your data, so if you really, really value your data, feel free to send it to us (or a competitor if you want, but I doubt that they have as much experience with Linux as we do.) You could try to do an fsck with an alternative superblock. That should work, but could make matters worse. So here in the lab we'd make an image of that partition before we would try such a thing Roger. -- ** [EMAIL PROTECTED] ** http://www.BitWizard.nl/ ** +31-15-2600998 ** *-- BitWizard writes Linux device drivers for any device you may have! --* * The Worlds Ecosystem is a stable system. Stable systems may experience * * excursions from the stable situation. We are currently in such an * * excursion: The stable situation does not include humans. *** -- To UNSUBSCRIBE, email to [EMAIL PROTECTED] with a subject of unsubscribe. Trouble? Contact [EMAIL PROTECTED]
Re: MotherBoards - Dual Athlon PC2100 vs Single Athlon PC2700/3200
On Sat, Dec 28, 2002 at 04:26:21AM -0600, Hanasaki JiJi wrote: Any thoughts on overall performance if the following systems? The key factors are: 1. Support by Woody out of the box 2. Will the single processor systems be faster because the memory is slower on the duals? 3. Is onboard video better/faster due to better bandwidth? Dual Athlon 2400MP and PC2100 - 760MPX MPX only supports PC2100 Motherboards considered ASUS A7M266-D ^^^ That's the one I have. Tyan Thunder K7X (S2468) MSI K7D Master (MS-6501-030) Gigabyte GA7DPXDW+ Gigabyte GA7DPDW-C VS Single Athlon and PC2700 or PC3200 - KT400 No motherboards found w/ fast RAM and dual cpu ASUS A7V8X LAN Soyo SY-KT400 DRAGON Ultra Soyo SY-KT400 DRAGON Ultra (Platinum Edition) Gigabyte GA-7VAXP Ultra nForce2 ASUS A7N8X - PC3200/2700 I had an Aopen AK77-8XN Onboard Video could be fast, but make sure that it has separate video RAM, and doesn't grab some of your mauin memory. That'll impact performance more than the second CPU. In theory I could desing an application that depends wholly on the memory throughput. So having pc2100 would be slower than pc3200. This would mean the duals would bite the dust. I could also design an application that DOES NOT depend on the memory bandwidth, but only on the raw CPU speed. This time the dual athlons will win big. What YOU will be doing with those machines will be somewhere in the middle. My guess is that the multicpu machines will feel faster. Oh! My KT400 board had an issue with the AGP port: I couldn't get it to go fast. The result? I went back to a KT266 based board. Roger. -- ** [EMAIL PROTECTED] ** http://www.BitWizard.nl/ ** +31-15-2600998 ** *-- BitWizard writes Linux device drivers for any device you may have! --* * The Worlds Ecosystem is a stable system. Stable systems may experience * * excursions from the stable situation. We are currently in such an * * excursion: The stable situation does not include humans. *** -- To UNSUBSCRIBE, email to [EMAIL PROTECTED] with a subject of unsubscribe. Trouble? Contact [EMAIL PROTECTED]
Re: Webcam
On Fri, Dec 27, 2002 at 09:46:33PM +0100, Jens Gecius wrote: bob parker [EMAIL PROTECTED] writes: http://packages.debian.org/cgi-bin/search_packages2.pl?keywords=webcam I did that and I installed the package called webcam, it is a package for ftp loading a stream of webcam images to a server. It is not for dowloading still images to the hard drive. Why not try out your own advice before giving it to see if it does the job? Actually, I did that. What I didn't do is researching your famous webcam. No matter what the manufacturer calls it, if it's a digicam, you should have asked digicam not webcam. If it's a webcam, use any v4l-program - if you have a v4l-driver for that cam. So, please, don't tell others how to give advice if your question is imprecise. The first reading of his post made it clear to me that he had a detachable webcam. There is no use if you start bitching because you can't read. Roger. -- ** [EMAIL PROTECTED] ** http://www.BitWizard.nl/ ** +31-15-2600998 ** *-- BitWizard writes Linux device drivers for any device you may have! --* * The Worlds Ecosystem is a stable system. Stable systems may experience * * excursions from the stable situation. We are currently in such an * * excursion: The stable situation does not include humans. *** -- To UNSUBSCRIBE, email to [EMAIL PROTECTED] with a subject of unsubscribe. Trouble? Contact [EMAIL PROTECTED]
Re: computer hypothermia -- help!
On Thu, Dec 26, 2002 at 01:35:24AM -0500, Nori Heikkinen wrote: on Thu, 26 Dec 2002 12:24:18AM -0600, Kent West insinuated: Nori Heikkinen wrote: right ... i forgot to mention (important, i realize) that not only was [the computer] in the car for 4 days, it was also in the car when it hit a deer going quite fast. So, how fast was the deer going? ;-) :) well, i'm not sure, but it was directly orthogonal to the direction i was going in, at highway speeds ... seriously, can an impact like that fry a computer? i've made backups and am going to fool aroud with connections in the morning, but i'm wondering what i'm looking at here ... it seems kind of dire. :( harddisks can withstand a pretty hefty G-load: 70G for the quantum Fireball TM drive for which I happen to have the manual. However, if you calculate the G-forces for a drive dropping from 5cm (2 inches) onto a solid table, you'll get VERY high numbers (at least 500G!). Now, if you were in a car, and you survived, something tied to the car probably didn't experience enormously high G-forces. However, if the computer was in the back, and allowed to start moving before hitting something solid, then chances are that it experienced WAY too high G-forces. Now the number in the manual is a guarantee: the manufacturer guarantees that if you stay below 70, the drive will still work. OEMs may actually want to test that number before they buy it. In an uncontrolled experiment, you might easily hit 500G and still have a drive that sort-of works. On the other hand, from the sound of it, it sounds as if you need to reconnect everything inside the computer, and it will work again. Roger. -- ** [EMAIL PROTECTED] ** http://www.BitWizard.nl/ ** +31-15-2600998 ** *-- BitWizard writes Linux device drivers for any device you may have! --* * The Worlds Ecosystem is a stable system. Stable systems may experience * * excursions from the stable situation. We are currently in such an * * excursion: The stable situation does not include humans. *** -- To UNSUBSCRIBE, email to [EMAIL PROTECTED] with a subject of unsubscribe. Trouble? Contact [EMAIL PROTECTED]
Re: SMTP standards : needs outgoing SMTP server be MX for my domain?
On Wed, Dec 18, 2002 at 04:08:59PM +0100, DEFFONTAINES Vincent wrote: An organization refuses emails from my domain, under this reason : My domain's mailer that connects to their SMTP server is not MX of my domain. Well, if they want to refuse mail from you they can do so for any reason they like. They'll refuse mail from all large ISPs here in the netherlands (they will have separate servers for incoming and outgoing mail: they need different machines for these things, because of the load, and this separation is natural). I host a couple of domains, and ALL people mailing from those domains will be refused: My server (the MX) does NOT relay. I am wondering if SMTP standards require that email sender of a domain be its MX? I find that really surprising. It is their decision to filter on some stupid hint that a mail might be spam. This is a very bad hint, and has lots of false positives. Their problem. Roger. -- ** [EMAIL PROTECTED] ** http://www.BitWizard.nl/ ** +31-15-2600998 ** *-- BitWizard writes Linux device drivers for any device you may have! --* * The Worlds Ecosystem is a stable system. Stable systems may experience * * excursions from the stable situation. We are currently in such an * * excursion: The stable situation does not include humans. *** -- To UNSUBSCRIBE, email to [EMAIL PROTECTED] with a subject of unsubscribe. Trouble? Contact [EMAIL PROTECTED]
Re: Debian hotswap and 5 9's
On Tue, Dec 10, 2002 at 10:25:54PM -0800, nate wrote: Hanasaki JiJi said: 5 9s on any hardware..You need redundant motherboards, power supplies, Yes. cpus, ram, disks, network, and of course it all needs to be hot swappable. No. Think RAID. In RAID it is acceptable that any one harddrive goes completely bad. So, if you have a computer that allows it's network card to fail, sends you an Email requesting a new network card, and that you can change the network card all while the computer is still completelly functional, then that's great. One way to solve the problem. However if your system remains up because you get an Email from the redundant computer who took over, then that's acceptable as well, as long as you reach the stated goal (99.999% uptime of the SYSTEM!!). If you have staff onsite who can diagnose a broken switch in less than a minute and they have the spare parts to replace it within two minutes, you can tolerate one or two of these single-point-of-failure failures a year. But this solution is more expensive than devising a fail-over system (you do this ONCE!) that allows the switch to fail without bringing the system down, and then buying two switches (you had to have one spare in the case with the clever staff as well!). Also note that if for example, your failover can lose one transaction, you can consider this a partial failure of your system. If it takes a week to recover the transaction (humans on the phone?) and this is 1 millionth of your transactions in that week, then this can be considered a 0.0001 % of downtime during that week, or 0.02% on a yearly scale. You can have this happen twice a week and still easily achieve five nines aggregate uptime. The bad reputation that you'd get from losing a tranasction may however be valued more, so that you'd have to weigh this type of failure. Fine Multiply by ten, and with the presumed volume, you're still plenty clear of five nines. Roger. -- ** [EMAIL PROTECTED] ** http://www.BitWizard.nl/ ** +31-15-2600998 ** *-- BitWizard writes Linux device drivers for any device you may have! --* * The Worlds Ecosystem is a stable system. Stable systems may experience * * excursions from the stable situation. We are currently in such an * * excursion: The stable situation does not include humans. *** -- To UNSUBSCRIBE, email to [EMAIL PROTECTED] with a subject of unsubscribe. Trouble? Contact [EMAIL PROTECTED]
Re: Debian hotswap and 5 9's
On Tue, Dec 10, 2002 at 10:46:43PM -0800, nate wrote: the places that I have worked at probably aim for 95% uptime to be minimum. not sure how many hours or days a year of downtime that calculates to .. I realistically aim for 99.9% on my webserver. Last year we got around 99.99, this year we won't. We swapped hardware twice this year. One time with 0 downtime, as we also moved location and IP address. The other time we didn't get to plan ahead and had to suffer several minutes of downtime due to reboots to swap the motherboard. All in all about 20 minutes of downtime over a period of about an hour. But yes, we don't have measures in place to ensure that we reach this level of reliability. So we're in trouble if something bad happens. Roger. -- ** [EMAIL PROTECTED] ** http://www.BitWizard.nl/ ** +31-15-2600998 ** *-- BitWizard writes Linux device drivers for any device you may have! --* * The Worlds Ecosystem is a stable system. Stable systems may experience * * excursions from the stable situation. We are currently in such an * * excursion: The stable situation does not include humans. *** -- To UNSUBSCRIBE, email to [EMAIL PROTECTED] with a subject of unsubscribe. Trouble? Contact [EMAIL PROTECTED]
Re: Debian hotswap and 5 9's
On Wed, Dec 11, 2002 at 02:19:23AM -0800, nate wrote: Rogier Wolff said: No. Think RAID. think CPU fan fails, CPU overheats, CPU fails, system crashes. You misunderstand my think Raid remark. In a RAID configuration you can handle a WHOLE DISK going offline. If your SYSTEM can handle a whole CPU giving the ghost, then you can still achieve high uptimes by just taking over the jobs on another machine. So, if you want reliable storage you can buy ultra-reliable disks, and hope they never die, or you can buy a Redundant Array of Inexpensive Disks, and use them in such a way that any one of them failing wont bring your whole storage system down. Similarly if you want a reliable system, you can buy ultra-reliable Sun-ultra with internal failover for RAM, CPUs, powersupplies network cards etc etc. Or you can configure a Redundant Array of Inexpensive Linuxboxes. If you configure it correctly, any failure on one of the linuxboxes is indeed likely to bring the whole box down, but the system will keep on providing it's services. Roger. -- ** [EMAIL PROTECTED] ** http://www.BitWizard.nl/ ** +31-15-2600998 ** *-- BitWizard writes Linux device drivers for any device you may have! --* * The Worlds Ecosystem is a stable system. Stable systems may experience * * excursions from the stable situation. We are currently in such an * * excursion: The stable situation does not include humans. *** -- To UNSUBSCRIBE, email to [EMAIL PROTECTED] with a subject of unsubscribe. Trouble? Contact [EMAIL PROTECTED]
Re: sync root passwords?
On Wed, Dec 04, 2002 at 04:57:27PM -0500, Andrew Perrin wrote: You might want to reconsider the project, frankly - why not make different root passwords for different machines? That would seem to be a more secure alternative. You can make them systematically different to save yourself memorizing them all, by (for example) using the second letter of the hostname as one of the characters of the root password or something along those lines. Because if you have to start writing them down, they become less secure. And if the adversary knows the trick to your systematic modifications of the password (which may take only one or two to guess correctly), you are back to square one. In general, for convenience there are rhosts, mounts and ssh keys that will allow you to go from one machine to another. Failing that, the regular sysops will log in using the password from the machine that has fallen. Having root, it is trivial to grab the password as it is being typed. Back in '90 I found a remote hole that allowed me root-access to about 10% of the hosts under consideration (over 2000). My estimate was that I'd be penetrating some 70% of the clusters, which would allow me full access to that cluster, and because of inter-cluster relationships I'd be able to hack another estimated 25% of the clusters, for a total of about 95% of the hosts broken into. For the record: I didn't break into any computers, I stopped at scanning for the hole, and Emailing the sysops to get it fixed. (to which one answered within 15 minutes: Ok, thanks, fixed on a saturday afternoon. No other replies were recieved.) Roger. -- ** [EMAIL PROTECTED] ** http://www.BitWizard.nl/ ** +31-15-2600998 ** *-- BitWizard writes Linux device drivers for any device you may have! --* * The Worlds Ecosystem is a stable system. Stable systems may experience * * excursions from the stable situation. We are currently in such an * * excursion: The stable situation does not include humans. *** -- To UNSUBSCRIBE, email to [EMAIL PROTECTED] with a subject of unsubscribe. Trouble? Contact [EMAIL PROTECTED]
Re: tiger always reports 'no password' with NIS
On Fri, Nov 22, 2002 at 04:09:38PM -0800, nate wrote: Sebastian Haase said: That is: I use NIS and have specific users maked with a '+' - sign in /etc/passwd like this: +alexis::0:0::: Isn't this a correct way of 'nis-sifying' certain users !? yes that is correct, the system is probably complaining because it can't find a password in /etc/shadow. Which is to be expected if your using NIS, or some other authentication(PAM with mysql, ldap, etc) Nope. I'm guessing that it is complaining because it thinks that user +alexis doesn't have a password. TIP: Verify that login agrees that it's supposed to use NIS, and doesn't allow a username of +alexis, without a password. I suggest that you try: +alexis:*:0:0::: to be sure that SHOULD some program have a bug in that it doesn't know about the NISification, it won't allow +alexis in without a password. Hopefully the nis-aware tools will still allow alexis in through the NIS password. Roger. -- ** [EMAIL PROTECTED] ** http://www.BitWizard.nl/ ** +31-15-2600998 ** *-- BitWizard writes Linux device drivers for any device you may have! --* * The Worlds Ecosystem is a stable system. Stable systems may experience * * excursions from the stable situation. We are currently in such an * * excursion: The stable situation does not include humans. *** -- To UNSUBSCRIBE, email to [EMAIL PROTECTED] with a subject of unsubscribe. Trouble? Contact [EMAIL PROTECTED]
Re: hdparm and DMA
On Tue, Nov 19, 2002 at 09:40:38AM +1000, mdevin wrote: On Mon, Nov 18, 2002 at 12:47:09 -0500, Mike Dresser wrote: On Tue, 19 Nov 2002, mdevin wrote: # hdparm -i /dev/hdc /dev/hdc: Model=WDC WD400BB-32AUA1, FwRev=18.20D18, SerialNo=WD-WMA6R3707054 DMA modes: mdma0 mdma1 mdma2 udma0 udma1 *udma2 udma3 udma4 udma5 # hdparm -i /dev/hda /dev/hda: Model=WDC WD400JB-00ENA0, FwRev=05.03E05, SerialNo=WD-WMAD12312399 DMA modes: mdma0 mdma1 *mdma2 udma0 udma1 udma2 udma3 udma4 udma5 Definately in non-ultradma mode, mdma2 is ... 16mbyte/sec? See the DMA mode it's using? I'd take a look at your cabling and routing thereof. What kind of cable is connected to the drive? Can you take this hard drive and stick it in the other computer, and see how it performs, using the cable that is in the other computer? My other computer is older and its motherboard doesn't have support for ATA133 (80pin cable), but I guess it would just be treated as ATA100. I can't shut that one down at present though. FYI: From ATA66 onwards, or even ATA33, you need the 80pin cable. Roger. -- ** [EMAIL PROTECTED] ** http://www.BitWizard.nl/ ** +31-15-2600998 ** *-- BitWizard writes Linux device drivers for any device you may have! --* * The Worlds Ecosystem is a stable system. Stable systems may experience * * excursions from the stable situation. We are currently in such an * * excursion: The stable situation does not include humans. *** -- To UNSUBSCRIBE, email to [EMAIL PROTECTED] with a subject of unsubscribe. Trouble? Contact [EMAIL PROTECTED]
Re: hdparm and DMA
On Mon, Nov 18, 2002 at 04:16:57PM +0100, Emil Pedersen wrote: /dev/hda: Timing buffer-cache reads: 128 MB in 0.46 seconds =278.26 MB/sec Timing buffered disk reads: 64 MB in 16.12 seconds = 3.97 MB/sec THIS is ok, without dma performance is lousy, but I really don't understand why you can't turn it on (or get better perf when you do)! On my system hdparm complains: Permission denied when I try to turn on DMA. My system gets a whopping 5.33Mb per second. Thus all the same as before whether turned on or off. I also tried setting MultiSect to max of 16 (which hdparm -i told me it could do), but this didn't change things either. So are the read times as expected for an IDE ATA133, 7200RPM, 40GB drive? Certainly not. Bellow is what I got from my IBM 7200 rpm disk, (using UDMA66): My disk gets 48Mb per second in a different system. I have a 7200 RPM WD800 (the one with the lowsy 2M buffer). Roger. -- ** [EMAIL PROTECTED] ** http://www.BitWizard.nl/ ** +31-15-2600998 ** *-- BitWizard writes Linux device drivers for any device you may have! --* * The Worlds Ecosystem is a stable system. Stable systems may experience * * excursions from the stable situation. We are currently in such an * * excursion: The stable situation does not include humans. *** -- To UNSUBSCRIBE, email to [EMAIL PROTECTED] with a subject of unsubscribe. Trouble? Contact [EMAIL PROTECTED]
Re: hdparm and DMA
On Tue, Nov 19, 2002 at 03:29:24AM +1000, mdevin wrote: Actually, some more digging shows some new support in the 2.5 kernel for the VIA VT8235 chipset which is on my mobo. It seems that udma6 can then be enabled by passing 'ide0=ata66' to the kernel at boot time. (Note that I do have the drive connected using an 80 pin ATA133 cable). I am running 2.4.18 Debian stock kernel. I just (remotely) rebooted the box with ide0=ata66, and it still tests at 5.3 Mb per second. OK, I checked: 2.4.19 doesn't have the 8235 support yet, 2.4.20rc2 does. I was hesitant to upgrade to a kernel that doesn't come with my distribution, but I guess I have to. It's not that I'm not competent to compile my own kernel, it's that it is such a hassle, that I'd rather not. (It starts with recompiling the thing, rebooting a couple of times to see what works and what doesn't, Then all of ALSA has to be recompiled etc etc... I'm told all this is just half an hour work (if all goes right first time), but it always ends up more (because it doesn't go right first time) ) Roger. -- ** [EMAIL PROTECTED] ** http://www.BitWizard.nl/ ** +31-15-2600998 ** *-- BitWizard writes Linux device drivers for any device you may have! --* * The Worlds Ecosystem is a stable system. Stable systems may experience * * excursions from the stable situation. We are currently in such an * * excursion: The stable situation does not include humans. *** -- To UNSUBSCRIBE, email to [EMAIL PROTECTED] with a subject of unsubscribe. Trouble? Contact [EMAIL PROTECTED]
Re: from GIF to PS
On Tue, Nov 19, 2002 at 03:57:45AM +0200, Egor Tur wrote: Hi All. How can I convet gif file to postscript file? I use: cat file.gif | giftopnm | pnmtops file.ps You need netpbm. I just checked: It's available. Roger. -- ** [EMAIL PROTECTED] ** http://www.BitWizard.nl/ ** +31-15-2600998 ** *-- BitWizard writes Linux device drivers for any device you may have! --* * The Worlds Ecosystem is a stable system. Stable systems may experience * * excursions from the stable situation. We are currently in such an * * excursion: The stable situation does not include humans. *** -- To UNSUBSCRIBE, email to [EMAIL PROTECTED] with a subject of unsubscribe. Trouble? Contact [EMAIL PROTECTED]
Re: Cannot access box after hdparm experimenting
On Mon, Nov 18, 2002 at 06:14:53PM +0200, Ulla Russell wrote: When I reboot now the booting progresses better but then stops with the message: kernel panic: No init found. try passsing init= option to kernel I rebooted and tried typing the following at the lilo prompt: Hi, It looks as if you crashed your system badly by playing with hdparm. That usually doesn't happen. The crash somehow managed to corrupt your harddisk so that essential programs (init, bash) are now corrupted and no longer on your disk. How much else is gone, I don't know. It will take some work to get working again. You'd have to boot from CD or floppy to be able to rescue this. I find it unlikely that you need to rerun lilo or grub (whatever you're using). You might need to figure out where your root fs is: If that ended up wrong, it's logical that it can't find the utilities. But I find it much more likely that you had a major fs-screwup, and that fsck put everything in lost+found, instead of that a few bits fell over and magically altered your root parttion into something that DOES mount, but DOES NOT contain an init and bash. Roger. -- ** [EMAIL PROTECTED] ** http://www.BitWizard.nl/ ** +31-15-2600998 ** *-- BitWizard writes Linux device drivers for any device you may have! --* * The Worlds Ecosystem is a stable system. Stable systems may experience * * excursions from the stable situation. We are currently in such an * * excursion: The stable situation does not include humans. *** -- To UNSUBSCRIBE, email to [EMAIL PROTECTED] with a subject of unsubscribe. Trouble? Contact [EMAIL PROTECTED]
