Re: FQDN vs. domain in /etc/hosts

2009-01-29 Thread Stefan Schmidt



So both addresses are unambiguous. For what reason now would I need a
FQDN? Why wouldn't a domain name suffice?
  

Typically, I see it that a domain refers to an entity, whereas a FQDN refers to 
a host or service within that entity. For your purposes the following sdhould 
be sufficient:




domain.tld is a FQDN if tld is a valid tld. a domain is fqdn if it
contains all labels until the top domain. same as for an absolute path
(aka /tld/domain). in dns terms, fqdn ends with a dot though.

now, I don't see why Stefan wants to do that...
  


...because Stefan is a lazy boy and therefore prefers short names ;)


FQDN vs. domain in /etc/hosts

2009-01-04 Thread Stefan Schmidt

Hello,

in my understanding the /etc/hosts file should contain an entry with the
FQDN of the host.

123.123.123.123 hostname.domain.tld hostname

I would for simplicity prefer to use a domain name instead of a FQDN.

123.123.123.123 domain.tld hostname

In my DNS-configuration I can define an IP- address for both the domain
name and the subdomain.

domain.tld - 123.123.123.123
subdomain.domain.tld - 123.123.123.123

So both addresses are unambiguous. For what reason now would I need a
FQDN? Why wouldn't a domain name suffice?

Cheers, Stefan


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FQDN vs. domain in /etc/hosts

2009-01-04 Thread Stefan Schmidt

Hello,

in my understanding the /etc/hosts file should contain an entry with the 
FQDN of the host.


123.123.123.123 hostname.domain.tld hostname

I would for simplicity prefer to use a domain name instead of a FQDN.

123.123.123.123 domain.tld hostname

In my DNS-configuration I can define an IP- address for both the domain 
name and the subdomain.


domain.tld - 123.123.123.123
subdomain.domain.tld - 123.123.123.123

So both addresses are unambiguous. For what reason now would I need a 
FQDN? Why wouldn't a domain name suffice?


Cheers, Stefan


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Re: FQDN vs. domain in /etc/hosts

2009-01-04 Thread Stefan Schmidt

Thanks for your feedback!


So both addresses are unambiguous. For what reason now would I need a 
FQDN? Why wouldn't a domain name suffice?


What happens when you want/need to add another machine ?
I use the domain solely for private purposes and I will probably never 
need more than two or three servers. In fact I currently administer two 
servers which one domain name for each server. Of course if I were a 
company and I had 500 servers I would probably use subdomains instead of 
registering a domain for each server.

Allowing a hostname to also be the domain name can cause problems.
I have searched extensively for disadvantages of using a domain name 
instead of a FQDN but could not find anything. What kind of concrete 
problems can occur?


Cheers, Stefan


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Re: Create single PDF out of several other files

2008-07-16 Thread Stefan Schmidt


If the files are all PDF, then pdftk can easily join them in another 
PDF. For Postscript, they can easily be converted to PDF and then

joined.

I believe there was a KDE extension that allowed some pdftk
operations in an easy graphical way. But I do not remember in which
package it was.





Second to pdftk. I use it all the time.

e.g. 


pdftk p1.pdf p2.pdf p3.pdf cat output p_combined.pdf

  

pdftk has a really nice minimal syntax, compared with Ghostscript.

gs -dNOPAUSE -dBATCH -sDEVICE=pdfwrite -sOutputFile=out.pdf in1.pdf 
in2.pdf in3.pdf


Stefan


Re: Bash: pipe once more

2008-07-14 Thread Stefan Schmidt
 cd does not seem to do its thing when stdout is redirected to a pipe, 
 however it does work with a (temporary) file:
 
 cd bad  cd.out 21
 cat cd.out
 rm cd.out

I ultimately came up with this variant:

#!/bin/bash

LOG_FILE=/home/stefan/log/output.log
TEMP_LOG=/home/stefan/log/temp.log

function handle {
  if [ -f $TEMP_LOG ]
  then
cat $TEMP_LOG | tee -a $LOG_FILE
  fi
  exit 1
}

function clean {
  rm -f $TEMP_LOG
}

trap handle ERR
trap clean EXIT

# do some stuff

cd nonexistent  $TEMP_LOG 21

# do some more stuff

It might seem like an overkill, but since I'm using the error handling in my 
script anyway it's actually a nice way to keep the noise (cat  rm) out of my 
main function. Of course this variant only logs the errors of a cd call, but 
since cd usually doesn't produce any meaningful output to stdout this seems 
quite okay to me. If you were to use a command which changes the state of the 
current shell and provides meaningful output to stdout and you'd want to pipe 
it, you'd just have to use the above three-liner consecutively or come up with 
some other variant.

Stefan


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Bash: trap vs. tee

2008-07-13 Thread Stefan Schmidt
Hello,

I have a bash script with trap, but the trap doesn't catch the error.

function handle {
echo This should be reached
exit 1
}
trap handle ERR
ls nonexist | tee -a output.log
echo This should not be reached

outputs

ls: nonexist: No such file or directory
This should not be reached

How come?

Stefan


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Re: Bash: trap vs. tee

2008-07-13 Thread Stefan Schmidt
 Closing quotes are missing, but your script hopefully has them.

Yes, indeed ;)

 Because the exit status of the pipe is that of the last command, and tee
 has no reason to complain:

I was suspecting something like that, but unfortunately I had misinterpreted 
the output of my debugging variations.

 In bash you can change this behavior with set -o pipefail.

Thanks a lot, that works like a treat!

Stefan


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Bash: pipe once more

2008-07-13 Thread Stefan Schmidt
Hello,

if I pipe the output of a cd command the working directory doesn't change.

,
| $ cd ~/bin 21 | tee -a output.log; pwd
| /home/stefan
`

How come and how can I get this to work?

Stefan

P.S. Sorry if this gets double-posted


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Bash: pipe once more

2008-07-13 Thread Stefan Schmidt
Hello,

if I pipe the output of a cd command the working directory doesn't change.

,
| $ cd ~/bin 21 | tee -a output.log; pwd
| /home/stefan
`

How come and how can I get this to work?

Stefan


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Re: Bash: pipe once more

2008-07-13 Thread Stefan Schmidt
  ,
  | $ cd ~/bin 21 | tee -a output.log; pwd
  | /home/stefan
  `
  
  How come and how can I get this to work?
 
 Sorry, but I am not sure quite what you are trying to achieve.  Maybe I
 am missing the point!

I want to change the working directory and if there is an error (e.g. the 
directory doesn't exist) I want that to be logged to a file and printed on 
stdout. With the above command that doesn't work since the working directory is 
the same as before execution of the command.

Stefan


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Re: Bash: pipe once more

2008-07-13 Thread Stefan Schmidt
 cd does not seem to do its thing when stdout is redirected to a pipe, 

Is this behaviour a bug or a feature?

Stefan


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Re: Bash: pipe once more

2008-07-13 Thread Stefan Schmidt
 if I pipe the output of a cd command the working directory doesn't
 change.
 
 That's because all elements of a pipeline except the last are run in
 different processes to the main shell that starts the pipeline. As such,
 the cd command is running in a subshell which exits when cd exits. This
 has no effect on your main shell, which will keep the original working
 directory.

Is there any way to change this behaviour?

Stefan


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FQDN vs. domain name

2008-07-11 Thread Stefan Schmidt
Hello,

there are three files on my vps which contain the following data inserted by my 
provider.

# /etc/hostname
lvps123-123-123-123.dedicated.hosteurope.de

# /etc/hosts
127.0.0.1 localhost localhost.localdomain
123.123.123.123 lvps123-123-123-123.dedicated.hosteurope.de lvps123-123-123-123

# /etc/mailname
lvps123-123-123-123.dedicated.hosteurope.de

First of all I think the /etc/hostname shouldn't contain the FQDN, but instead 
the hostname, in this case lvps123-123-123-123. I would like to replace all 
these values with my own domain name (mydomain.com), but I'm not sure if this 
is okay, because I don't want create subdomain and use it as a hostname 
(hostname.mydomain.com), so it's not a FQDN.

# /etc/hostname
mydomain

# /etc/hosts
127.0.0.1 localhost localhost.localdomain
123.123.123.123 mydomain.com mydomain

# /etc/mailname
mydomain.com

Is this setup okay, or could it cause problems?

Cheers, Stefan


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Adaptec U160 Controller 3200S

2006-08-31 Thread Stefan Schmidt








Hallo Gemeinde !

Ich habe eine Frage zu einem U160 Controller - hier einem Adaptec 3200S.

Der Controller liefert meiner Meinung nach nicht die Performance, die er 
eigentlich liefern könnte (siehe weiter unten).

Ferner wird er beim booten auch nicht als ein U160 Device gefunden, wie es 
meiner Meinung nach eigentlich sein müßte.

SCSI subsystem initialized
Loading Adaptec I2O RAID: Version 2.4 Build 5go
Detecting Adaptec I2O RAID controllers...
ACPI: PCI interrupt :00:0f.1[A] - GSI 17 (level, low) - IRQ 177
Adaptec I2O RAID controller 0 at e4988000 size=10 irq=177
dpti: If you have a lot of devices this could take a few minutes.
dpti0: Reading the hardware resource table.
TID 008 Vendor: ADAPTEC Device:
AIC-7899 Rev: 0001
TID 009 Vendor: ADAPTEC Device:
AIC-7899 Rev: 0001
TID 517 Vendor: ADAPTEC Device:
RAID-1 Rev: 370F
scsi0 : Vendor: Adaptec Model:
3200S FW:370F
 Vendor: ADAPTEC Model:
RAID-1 Rev:
370F
 Type:
Direct-Access
ANSI SCSI revision: 02
ACPI: PCI interrupt :00:0e.0[A] - GSI 16 (level, low) - IRQ 169
scsi1 : Adaptec AIC7XXX EISA/VLB/PCI SCSI HBA DRIVER, Rev 6.2.36
 Adaptec 2940 Ultra SCSI
adapter
 aic7880: Ultra Wide Channel A, SCSI
Id=7, 16/253 SCBs

SCSI device sda: 143374336 512-byte hdwr sectors (73408 MB)
SCSI device sda: drive cache: write through
/dev/scsi/host0/bus0/target3/lun0: p1
Attached scsi disk sda at scsi0, channel 0, id 3, lun 0
Attached scsi generic sg0 at scsi0, channel 0, id 3, lun 0, type 0

Dafür werden aber folgende Module geladen:
aic7xxx
208856 0
aic79xx
311580 0
dpt_i2o
36064 1
scsi_mod
127972 6 sr_mod,sg,sd_mod,aic7xxx,aic79xx,dpt_i2o

Ein hdparm -t -T liefert folgende Werte:
/dev/sda:
Timing cached reads: 388 MB in 2.01 seconds = 192.59
MB/sec
Timing buffered disk reads: 98 MB in 3.02 seconds
= 32.50 MB/sec

Zur Hintergrundinfo:
Bevor die Frage auftaucht - es sind zwei U320 Platten drann ;-) Ja - es ist 
zusätzlich noch ein 2940 installiert.
Der Controller (3200S) ist zwar ein 64-bit Controller - steckt aber
nur in 
einem 32-bit PCI Slot. Meiner Meinung aber auch das kein Grund, dass er 
nicht als U160 Device gefunden wird. Das Grundsystem ist übrigens ein debian 
mit 'nem 2.6.8-2-686-smp Kernel.

Beim Suchen nach einer Erklärung dieser Werte bin ich über einen anderen 
Beitrag gestolpert, der beim Booten zumindest schon mal die U160 angibt:
Loading Adaptec I2O RAID: Version 2.4 Build 5go
Detecting Adaptec I2O RAID controllers...
ACPI: PCI interrupt :00:09.1[A] - GSI 15 (level, low)
- IRQ 15
Adaptec I2O RAID controller 0 at e0824000 size=10 irq=15
dpti: If you have a lot of devices this could take a few minutes.
dpti0: Reading the hardware resource table.
TID 008 Vendor: ADAPTEC Device: AIC-7899 Rev: 0001
TID 009 Vendor: ADAPTEC Device: AIC-7899 Rev: 0001
TID 531 Vendor: ADAPTEC Device: RAID-5 Rev: 370F
TID 537 Vendor: ADAPTEC Device: RAID-0 Rev: 370F
scsi0 : Vendor: Adaptec Model: 3200S FW:370F
Vendor: ADAPTEC Model: RAID-5 Rev: 370F
Type: Direct-Access ANSI SCSI revision: 02
Vendor: ADAPTEC Model: RAID-0 Rev: 370F
Type: Direct-Access ANSI SCSI revision: 02
ACPI: PCI interrupt :00:0c.0[A] - GSI 11 (level, low) - IRQ 11
scsi1 : Adaptec AIC7XXX EISA/VLB/PCI SCSI HBA DRIVER, Rev 6.2.36

aic7892: Ultra160 Wide Channel A, SCSI Id=15, 32/253 SCBs

(scsi1:A:3): 20.000MB/s transfers (20.000MHz, offset 16)
(scsi1:A:6): 40.000MB/s transfers (20.000MHz, offset 15, 16bit)

Danke und Gruß
Stefan








AW: exim und openssl // TLS

2004-01-26 Thread Stefan Schmidt
Hallo nochmal !

Also ... das Problem schein nicht im EXIM zu liegen, sondern im openssl.


Wenn ich auf der Konsole versuche ein Zertifikat zu erstellen, dann
bekomme ich genau die gleiche Fehlermeldung:

debian:/# openssl req -x509 -newkey rsa:1024 -keyout file1 -out file2
-days  -nodes

Kann mir mal jemand sagen, welche Pakete ggf. gebraucht werden um
openssl erfolgreich ans Laufen zu bekommen ??? Ich bin mir nämlich nicht
mehr sicher, ob ich manuell noch ein openssl über das debian eigene
installiert habe ... meine aber nicht, so dass eigentlich alle
Abhängigkeiten automatisch erfüllt sein müssten ... 

DANKE !

Gruß
Stefan


Using configuration from /usr/lib/ssl/openssl.cnf
Unable to load config info
Generating a 1024 bit RSA private key
++
.++
writing new private key to 'file1'
-
unable to find 'distinguished_name' in config
problems making Certificate Request
7435:error:0E06D06A:configuration file routines:NCONF_get_string:no conf
or environment variable:conf_lib.c:343:
7435:error:0E06D06A:configuration file routines:NCONF_get_string:no conf
or environment variable:conf_lib.c:343:
7435:error:0E06D06A:configuration file routines:NCONF_get_string:no conf
or environment variable:conf_lib.c:343:
7435:error:0E06D06A:configuration file routines:NCONF_get_string:no conf
or environment variable:conf_lib.c:343:
7435:error:0E06D06A:configuration file routines:NCONF_get_string:no conf
or environment variable:conf_lib.c:343:
7435:error:0E06D06A:configuration file routines:NCONF_get_string:no conf
or environment variable:conf_lib.c:343:
7435:error:0E06D06A:configuration file routines:NCONF_get_string:no conf
or environment variable:conf_lib.c:343:
7435:error:0E06D06A:configuration file routines:NCONF_get_string:no conf
or environment variable:conf_lib.c:343:
7435:error:0E06D06A:configuration file routines:NCONF_get_string:no conf
or environment variable:conf_lib.c:343:
7435:error:0E06D06A:configuration file routines:NCONF_get_string:no conf
or environment variable:conf_lib.c:343:
7435:error:0E06D06A:configuration file routines:NCONF_get_string:no conf
or environment variable:conf_lib.c:343:
7435:error:0E06D06A:configuration file routines:NCONF_get_string:no conf
or environment variable:conf_lib.c:343:
wodan:/tmp# dpkg -l openssl
Gewünscht=Unbekannt/Installieren/R=Entfernen/P=Säubern/Halten
| Status=Nicht/Installiert/Config/U=Entpackt/Fehlgeschl. Konf./Halb
install.
|/ Fehler?=(keiner)/Halten/R=Neuinst. notw/X=beides (Status, Fehler:
GROß=schlecht)
||/ NameVersion Beschreibung
+++-===-===-
==
ii  openssl 0.9.6c-2.woody.4Secure
Socket Layer (SSL) binary and related cryptographic tools.


-Ursprüngliche Nachricht-
Von: Christian Schmidt [mailto:[EMAIL PROTECTED] 
Gesendet: Montag, 26. Januar 2004 12:47
An: [EMAIL PROTECTED]
Betreff: Re: exim und openssl // TLS

Hallo Andreas,

Andreas Metzler, 26.01.2004 (d.m.y):

 Stefan Schmidt [EMAIL PROTECTED] wrote:
  Ich habe ein exim laufen und wollte diesem ? weil ich u.a. über gmx
  mails schicken will/muss ? smtp-auth mit ssl nutzen.
  ^
 Muessen, nein. GMX bietet SMTP AUTH nach CRAM MD5 Verfahren an, bei
 dem das Passwort nicht im Klartext ueber die Leitung geht. IIRC biete
 GMX TLS/SSL nur fuer zahlende Kunden an.

Nein, mit meinem Freemail-Account klappt es auch mit TLS.

Gruss,
Christian
-- 
Hallo Grüne-Wähler!


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Probleme mit openssl auf woody

2004-01-26 Thread Stefan Schmidt








Hallo ! 



Wie aus einem meiner letzten Mails zu sehen, habe ich
Probleme bei der Installation von exim-tls gehabt.
Wie ich aber nun im Weiteren fest stellen musste,
basieren diese nicht auf dem exim-tls, sondern auf
dem zu nutzenden openssl. Hier bekomme ich schon bei
dem Versuch ein Zertifikat anzulegen die unten stehenden Meldungen um die Ohren
gehauen und komme irgendwie nicht dahinter, was er mir sagen will L 



Vielleicht hat ja jemand einen Rat ?!



Viele Grüße

Stefan



debian:/# openssl req -x509
-newkey rsa:1024 -keyout file1 -out file2 -days  -nodes

Using configuration from
/usr/lib/ssl/openssl.cnf

Unable to load config info

Generating a 1024 bit RSA
private key

...++

...++

writing new private key to
'file1'

-

unable to find
'distinguished_name' in config

problems making Certificate
Request

7458:error:0E06D06A:configuration
file routines:NCONF_get_string:no conf or environment variable:conf_lib.c:343:

7458:error:0E06D06A:configuration
file routines:NCONF_get_string:no conf or environment variable:conf_lib.c:343:

7458:error:0E06D06A:configuration
file routines:NCONF_get_string:no conf or environment variable:conf_lib.c:343:

7458:error:0E06D06A:configuration
file routines:NCONF_get_string:no conf or environment variable:conf_lib.c:343:

7458:error:0E06D06A:configuration
file routines:NCONF_get_string:no conf or environment variable:conf_lib.c:343:

7458:error:0E06D06A:configuration
file routines:NCONF_get_string:no conf or environment variable:conf_lib.c:343:

7458:error:0E06D06A:configuration
file routines:NCONF_get_string:no conf or environment variable:conf_lib.c:343:

7458:error:0E06D06A:configuration
file routines:NCONF_get_string:no conf or environment variable:conf_lib.c:343:

7458:error:0E06D06A:configuration
file routines:NCONF_get_string:no conf or environment variable:conf_lib.c:343:

7458:error:0E06D06A:configuration
file routines:NCONF_get_string:no conf or environment variable:conf_lib.c:343:

7458:error:0E06D06A:configuration
file routines:NCONF_get_string:no conf or environment variable:conf_lib.c:343:

7458:error:0E06D06A:configuration
file routines:NCONF_get_string:no conf or environment variable:conf_lib.c:343:








openssl auf woody - diesmal auch zum lesen ;-)

2004-01-26 Thread Stefan Schmidt
Hallo ! 

Wie aus einem meiner letzten Mails zu sehen, habe ich Probleme bei der
Installation von exim-tls gehabt. Wie ich aber nun im Weiteren fest
stellen musste, basieren diese nicht auf dem exim-tls, sondern auf dem
zu nutzenden openssl. Hier bekomme ich schon bei dem Versuch ein
Zertifikat anzulegen die unten stehenden Meldungen um die Ohren gehauen
und komme irgendwie nicht dahinter, was er mir sagen will L 

Vielleicht hat ja jemand einen Rat ?!

Viele Grüße
Stefan

debian:/# openssl req -x509 -newkey rsa:1024 -keyout file1 -out file2
-days  -nodes
Using configuration from /usr/lib/ssl/openssl.cnf
Unable to load config info
Generating a 1024 bit RSA private key
...++
...++
writing new private key to 'file1'
-
unable to find 'distinguished_name' in config
problems making Certificate Request
7458:error:0E06D06A:configuration file routines:NCONF_get_string:no conf
or environment variable:conf_lib.c:343:
7458:error:0E06D06A:configuration file routines:NCONF_get_string:no conf
or environment variable:conf_lib.c:343:
7458:error:0E06D06A:configuration file routines:NCONF_get_string:no conf
or environment variable:conf_lib.c:343:
7458:error:0E06D06A:configuration file routines:NCONF_get_string:no conf
or environment variable:conf_lib.c:343:
7458:error:0E06D06A:configuration file routines:NCONF_get_string:no conf
or environment variable:conf_lib.c:343:
7458:error:0E06D06A:configuration file routines:NCONF_get_string:no conf
or environment variable:conf_lib.c:343:
7458:error:0E06D06A:configuration file routines:NCONF_get_string:no conf
or environment variable:conf_lib.c:343:
7458:error:0E06D06A:configuration file routines:NCONF_get_string:no conf
or environment variable:conf_lib.c:343:
7458:error:0E06D06A:configuration file routines:NCONF_get_string:no conf
or environment variable:conf_lib.c:343:
7458:error:0E06D06A:configuration file routines:NCONF_get_string:no conf
or environment variable:conf_lib.c:343:
7458:error:0E06D06A:configuration file routines:NCONF_get_string:no conf
or environment variable:conf_lib.c:343:
7458:error:0E06D06A:configuration file routines:NCONF_get_string:no conf
or environment variable:conf_lib.c:343:


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exim und openssl // TLS

2004-01-25 Thread Stefan Schmidt








Hi !



Ich habe ein exim laufen und
wollte diesem  weil ich u.a. über gmx mails schicken will/muss 
smtp-auth mit ssl nutzen.
Dementsprechend habe ich also neben einem installierten openssl
auch noch das exim-tls paket
per apt installiert. 



Mit eximconfig komme ich
eigentlich auch relativ weit  hat irgendwer irgendeine Idee, warum das
Erstellen des Zertifikates nicht wirklich gut funktioniert
??? 



DANKE !

Viele Grüße
Stefan



--
SCHNIPP --



==

In order to use the TLS
(Transport Layer Security) features built in to this

version of the exim package
(exim-tls), you must either supply a certificate

and private key or one will
be generated now.

Would you like to enable TLS?
(y/n)

Enter value (default=`y', `x'
to restart): y

==

Please note that self-signed
certificate made in this way is sufficient for

testing, and may be adequate
for all your requirements if you are mainly

interested in encrypting
transfers, and not in secure identification.

Using configuration from
/usr/lib/ssl/openssl.cnf

Unable to load config info

Generating a 1024 bit RSA
private key

..++

...++

writing new private key to
'/tmp/fileQljs40'

-

unable to find
'distinguished_name' in config

problems making Certificate
Request

6753:error:0E06D06A:configuration
file routines:NCONF_get_string:no conf or environment variable:conf_lib.c:343:

6753:error:0E06D06A:configuration
file routines:NCONF_get_string:no conf or environment variable:conf_lib.c:343:

6753:error:0E06D06A:configuration
file routines:NCONF_get_string:no conf or environment variable:conf_lib.c:343:

6753:error:0E06D06A:configuration
file routines:NCONF_get_string:no conf or environment variable:conf_lib.c:343:

6753:error:0E06D06A:configuration
file routines:NCONF_get_string:no conf or environment variable:conf_lib.c:343:

6753:error:0E06D06A:configuration
file routines:NCONF_get_string:no conf or environment variable:conf_lib.c:343:

6753:error:0E06D06A:configuration
file routines:NCONF_get_string:no conf or environment variable:conf_lib.c:343:

6753:error:0E06D06A:configuration
file routines:NCONF_get_string:no conf or environment variable:conf_lib.c:343:

6753:error:0E06D06A:configuration
file routines:NCONF_get_string:no conf or environment variable:conf_lib.c:343:

6753:error:0E06D06A:configuration
file routines:NCONF_get_string:no conf or environment variable:conf_lib.c:343:

6753:error:0E06D06A:configuration
file routines:NCONF_get_string:no conf or environment variable:conf_lib.c:343:

6753:error:0E06D06A:configuration
file routines:NCONF_get_string:no conf or environment variable:conf_lib.c:343:

Unable to generate key: 256
at /usr/sbin/eximconfig line 534, STDIN line 10.



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SCHNAPP  --