Re: Aliases and OpenSMTPD
On Fri, May 24, 2024 at 11:53:31AM -0600, Charles Curley wrote: > On Fri, 24 May 2024 13:08:56 -0400 > Paul M Foster wrote: > > > There is a colon in my aliases file. I just omitted it in the email. > > Don't do that. Always use copy and paste to convey the contents of a > configuration file. Murphy only know what else you inadvertently left > out or added. > > -- > Does anybody read signatures any more? > > https://charlescurley.com > https://charlescurley.com/blog/ > Please try: smtpctl update table aliases ...as root. I had this command documented in my anisble recipe for OpenSMTPD. # If you edit the file, you have to run "smtpctl update table aliases" table aliases file:/etc/aliases -- Regards, Didar Tax and title extra. Generated by Signify v1.14 (http://www.debian.org/)
Re: Aliases and OpenSMTPD
On Fri, 24 May 2024 13:08:56 -0400 Paul M Foster wrote: > There is a colon in my aliases file. I just omitted it in the email. Don't do that. Always use copy and paste to convey the contents of a configuration file. Murphy only know what else you inadvertently left out or added. -- Does anybody read signatures any more? https://charlescurley.com https://charlescurley.com/blog/
Re: Aliases and OpenSMTPD
Paul M Foster writes: [...] > If I send an email directly to pa...@yosemite.mars.lan from buckaroo, > it What does this mean? > > But it appears that OpenSMTPD doesn't consult this table unless explicitly > instructed to. According to man smtpd.conf(5), you can tell it to scan > through aliases, but only on local delivery, not if the email is outbound. > > So does anyone know how to make OpenSMTPD do alias conversions on outbound > mail? Or alternatively, is there a way to hack Debian so that mails > generated from root processes to go an offsite email rather than just root? What is in the logs? I am pretty sure you don't tell us whole truth. KJ -- http://wolnelektury.pl/wesprzyj/teraz/ I do enjoy a good long walk -- especially when my wife takes one.
Re: Aliases and OpenSMTPD
On Fri 24 May 2024 at 13:08:56 (-0400), Paul M Foster wrote: > On Fri, May 24, 2024 at 06:40:09PM +0200, to...@tuxteam.de wrote: > > On Fri, May 24, 2024 at 11:45:56AM -0400, Paul M Foster wrote: > > > > > If I send an email directly to pa...@yosemite.mars.lan from buckaroo, it > > > arrives. That means this config can do what it's designed to do, > > > basically. > > > However, mails to "root" on buckaroo don't get to yosemite. They should, > > > because my /etc/aliases table looks like this: > > > > > > --- > > > ... > > > root pa...@yosemite.mars.lan > > > --- > > > > Still out of my depth with OpenSMTPD, but... good ol' aliases,of sendmail > > lore would have a colon after the "root" up there. The MTAs I know of > > all have inherited that. > > There is a colon in my aliases file. I just omitted it in the email. I don't know anything about opensmtpd, but use exim4 where, to send emails to other hosts on the LAN, AIUI you either need a DNS server that can resolve the LAN addresses or, instead, a hubbed hosts file. Cheers, David.
Re: Aliases and OpenSMTPD
On Fri, May 24, 2024 at 01:08:56PM -0400, Paul M Foster wrote: > On Fri, May 24, 2024 at 06:40:09PM +0200, to...@tuxteam.de wrote: > > > On Fri, May 24, 2024 at 11:45:56AM -0400, Paul M Foster wrote: > > > Folks: > > > > [...] > > > > > If I send an email directly to pa...@yosemite.mars.lan from buckaroo, it > > > arrives. That means this config can do what it's designed to do, > > > basically. > > > However, mails to "root" on buckaroo don't get to yosemite. They should, > > > because my /etc/aliases table looks like this: > > > > > > --- > > > ... > > > rootpa...@yosemite.mars.lan > > > --- > > > > Still out of my depth with OpenSMTPD, but... good ol' aliases,of sendmail > > lore would have a colon after the "root" up there. The MTAs I know of > > all have inherited that. > > There is a colon in my aliases file. I just omitted it in the email. I see. Then I'm out of ideas (except that "newaliases" thing). Perhaps your MTA has a log file where to find clues? Cheers & good luck -- tomás signature.asc Description: PGP signature
Re: Aliases and OpenSMTPD
On Fri, May 24, 2024 at 06:40:09PM +0200, to...@tuxteam.de wrote: > On Fri, May 24, 2024 at 11:45:56AM -0400, Paul M Foster wrote: > > Folks: > > [...] > > > If I send an email directly to pa...@yosemite.mars.lan from buckaroo, it > > arrives. That means this config can do what it's designed to do, basically. > > However, mails to "root" on buckaroo don't get to yosemite. They should, > > because my /etc/aliases table looks like this: > > > > --- > > ... > > rootpa...@yosemite.mars.lan > > --- > > Still out of my depth with OpenSMTPD, but... good ol' aliases,of sendmail > lore would have a colon after the "root" up there. The MTAs I know of > all have inherited that. There is a colon in my aliases file. I just omitted it in the email. Paul -- Paul M. Foster Personal Blog: http://noferblatz.com Company Site: http://quillandmouse.com Software Projects: https://gitlab.com/paulmfoster
Re: Aliases and OpenSMTPD
On Fri, May 24, 2024 at 11:45:56AM -0400, Paul M Foster wrote: > Folks: [...] > If I send an email directly to pa...@yosemite.mars.lan from buckaroo, it > arrives. That means this config can do what it's designed to do, basically. > However, mails to "root" on buckaroo don't get to yosemite. They should, > because my /etc/aliases table looks like this: > > --- > ... > rootpa...@yosemite.mars.lan > --- Still out of my depth with OpenSMTPD, but... good ol' aliases,of sendmail lore would have a colon after the "root" up there. The MTAs I know of all have inherited that. And... if your MTA distro came with a command "newaliases" try running that. Many MTAs like to look things up in a hashed version of the textual file. Cheers -- t signature.asc Description: PGP signature
Aliases and OpenSMTPD
Folks: This may require someone who's familiar with OpenSMTPD. I have a machine which does backups (buckaroo) and a desktop (yosemite) which is my main machine. When anacron kicks off the backup, it should create an email for root to detail what happened. Buckaroo is headless, so I want that email to come to me at yosemite. (All this is on a LAN.) I'm using OpenSMTPD on buckaroo to handle mail. Here's my config: --- # $OpenBSD: smtpd.conf,v 1.10 2018/05/24 11:40:17 gilles Exp $ # This is the smtpd server system-wide configuration file. # See smtpd.conf(5) for more information. table aliases file:/etc/aliases table secrets file:/etc/secrets listen on localhost action "relay" relay host smtp+notls://@yosemite.mars.lan:25 auth match from local for any action "relay" --- If I send an email directly to pa...@yosemite.mars.lan from buckaroo, it arrives. That means this config can do what it's designed to do, basically. However, mails to "root" on buckaroo don't get to yosemite. They should, because my /etc/aliases table looks like this: --- ... rootpa...@yosemite.mars.lan --- But it appears that OpenSMTPD doesn't consult this table unless explicitly instructed to. According to man smtpd.conf(5), you can tell it to scan through aliases, but only on local delivery, not if the email is outbound. So does anyone know how to make OpenSMTPD do alias conversions on outbound mail? Or alternatively, is there a way to hack Debian so that mails generated from root processes to go an offsite email rather than just root? Paul -- Paul M. Foster Personal Blog: http://noferblatz.com Company Site: http://quillandmouse.com Software Projects: https://gitlab.com/paulmfoster
Re: Aliases No longer Works for User
On 02/26/2022 02:54 PM, Erwan David wrote: Le 26/02/2022 à 20:48, Stephen P. Molnar a écrit : On 02/26/2022 02:35 PM, Greg Wooledge wrote: On Sat, Feb 26, 2022 at 02:23:04PM -0500, Stephen P. Molnar wrote: Without any sort of warning as the user, I can no longer use aliases, nor the normal bash commands on th xfce4-terminal. Root is still working without problems. Show us. Paste a SESSION from your TERMINAL into the email so we can see it. Then show us some evidence that the alias is actually defined. Ideally you would run the "alias" command, which prints all of your aliases. Then you would PASTE THAT SESSION SNIPPET INCLUDING THE SHELL PROMPT, THE COMMAND YOU RAN, AND ITS OUTPUT into an email so we can see it. You could also verify which shell you are using, by running "ps -p $$". Then paste that shell prompt, and the command that you ran, and its output, into an email so we can see it. You could examine your shell's dot files. Assuming your shell is bash, the relevant one is .bashrc. So you could run "ls -ld ~/.bashrc" and paste your shell prompt, that command, and its output, into an email so that we can see it. Of course, .bashrc is only read when you open a terminal which runs a non-login shell in the normal and expected manner. If you've configured your terminal so that it runs a login shell instead of a regular shell, then you would also have to make sure you're dotting in (or sourcing) the .bashrc file from your shell's login profile. So, for that reason, it would be useful to know the exact command that your terminal is running. "ps -fp $$" should give that, assuming you run it in the top-level shell launched by your terminal, not in some kind of subshell or script. Paste the shell prompt, the command, and its output. Bash has always been my default shell since the days of the Redhat Mother's Day Release comp@AbNormal:~$ alias alias l='ls -l --color' comp@AbNormal:~$ l -bash: ls: command not found comp@AbNormal:~$ bash -bash: bash: command not found comp@AbNormal:~$ ls -ld ~/.bashrc -bash: ls: command not found comp@AbNormal:~$ What is your PATH variable ? It does not look like an alias problem (your l command is replaced by ls), but your shell seems not to find the programs. Thank you. You just solved the problemfor me. The PATH was messed up, but is now correct. All is now working. Many, many thanks. -- Stephen P. Molnar, Ph.D. www.molecular-modeling.net 614.312.7528 (c) Skype: smolnar1
Re: Aliases No longer Works for User
Le 26/02/2022 à 20:48, Stephen P. Molnar a écrit : On 02/26/2022 02:35 PM, Greg Wooledge wrote: On Sat, Feb 26, 2022 at 02:23:04PM -0500, Stephen P. Molnar wrote: Without any sort of warning as the user, I can no longer use aliases, nor the normal bash commands on th xfce4-terminal. Root is still working without problems. Show us. Paste a SESSION from your TERMINAL into the email so we can see it. Then show us some evidence that the alias is actually defined. Ideally you would run the "alias" command, which prints all of your aliases. Then you would PASTE THAT SESSION SNIPPET INCLUDING THE SHELL PROMPT, THE COMMAND YOU RAN, AND ITS OUTPUT into an email so we can see it. You could also verify which shell you are using, by running "ps -p $$". Then paste that shell prompt, and the command that you ran, and its output, into an email so we can see it. You could examine your shell's dot files. Assuming your shell is bash, the relevant one is .bashrc. So you could run "ls -ld ~/.bashrc" and paste your shell prompt, that command, and its output, into an email so that we can see it. Of course, .bashrc is only read when you open a terminal which runs a non-login shell in the normal and expected manner. If you've configured your terminal so that it runs a login shell instead of a regular shell, then you would also have to make sure you're dotting in (or sourcing) the .bashrc file from your shell's login profile. So, for that reason, it would be useful to know the exact command that your terminal is running. "ps -fp $$" should give that, assuming you run it in the top-level shell launched by your terminal, not in some kind of subshell or script. Paste the shell prompt, the command, and its output. Bash has always been my default shell since the days of the Redhat Mother's Day Release comp@AbNormal:~$ alias alias l='ls -l --color' comp@AbNormal:~$ l -bash: ls: command not found comp@AbNormal:~$ bash -bash: bash: command not found comp@AbNormal:~$ ls -ld ~/.bashrc -bash: ls: command not found comp@AbNormal:~$ What is your PATH variable ? It does not look like an alias problem (your l command is replaced by ls), but your shell seems not to find the programs.
Re: Aliases No longer Works for User
On 02/26/2022 02:35 PM, Greg Wooledge wrote: On Sat, Feb 26, 2022 at 02:23:04PM -0500, Stephen P. Molnar wrote: Without any sort of warning as the user, I can no longer use aliases, nor the normal bash commands on th xfce4-terminal. Root is still working without problems. Show us. Paste a SESSION from your TERMINAL into the email so we can see it. Then show us some evidence that the alias is actually defined. Ideally you would run the "alias" command, which prints all of your aliases. Then you would PASTE THAT SESSION SNIPPET INCLUDING THE SHELL PROMPT, THE COMMAND YOU RAN, AND ITS OUTPUT into an email so we can see it. You could also verify which shell you are using, by running "ps -p $$". Then paste that shell prompt, and the command that you ran, and its output, into an email so we can see it. You could examine your shell's dot files. Assuming your shell is bash, the relevant one is .bashrc. So you could run "ls -ld ~/.bashrc" and paste your shell prompt, that command, and its output, into an email so that we can see it. Of course, .bashrc is only read when you open a terminal which runs a non-login shell in the normal and expected manner. If you've configured your terminal so that it runs a login shell instead of a regular shell, then you would also have to make sure you're dotting in (or sourcing) the .bashrc file from your shell's login profile. So, for that reason, it would be useful to know the exact command that your terminal is running. "ps -fp $$" should give that, assuming you run it in the top-level shell launched by your terminal, not in some kind of subshell or script. Paste the shell prompt, the command, and its output. Bash has always been my default shell since the days of the Redhat Mother's Day Release comp@AbNormal:~$ alias alias l='ls -l --color' comp@AbNormal:~$ l -bash: ls: command not found comp@AbNormal:~$ bash -bash: bash: command not found comp@AbNormal:~$ ls -ld ~/.bashrc -bash: ls: command not found comp@AbNormal:~$ -- Stephen P. Molnar, Ph.D. www.molecular-modeling.net 614.312.7528 (c) Skype: smolnar1
Re: Aliases No longer Works for User
On Sat, Feb 26, 2022 at 02:23:04PM -0500, Stephen P. Molnar wrote: > Without any sort of warning as the user, I can no longer use aliases, nor > the normal bash commands on th xfce4-terminal. Root is still working without > problems. Show us. Paste a SESSION from your TERMINAL into the email so we can see it. Then show us some evidence that the alias is actually defined. Ideally you would run the "alias" command, which prints all of your aliases. Then you would PASTE THAT SESSION SNIPPET INCLUDING THE SHELL PROMPT, THE COMMAND YOU RAN, AND ITS OUTPUT into an email so we can see it. You could also verify which shell you are using, by running "ps -p $$". Then paste that shell prompt, and the command that you ran, and its output, into an email so we can see it. You could examine your shell's dot files. Assuming your shell is bash, the relevant one is .bashrc. So you could run "ls -ld ~/.bashrc" and paste your shell prompt, that command, and its output, into an email so that we can see it. Of course, .bashrc is only read when you open a terminal which runs a non-login shell in the normal and expected manner. If you've configured your terminal so that it runs a login shell instead of a regular shell, then you would also have to make sure you're dotting in (or sourcing) the .bashrc file from your shell's login profile. So, for that reason, it would be useful to know the exact command that your terminal is running. "ps -fp $$" should give that, assuming you run it in the top-level shell launched by your terminal, not in some kind of subshell or script. Paste the shell prompt, the command, and its output.
Aliases No longer Works for User
I have just installed Bullseye on a different drive on my main Linux platform. No problems ere encountered and the system booted normally, both as root and as a user (comp). Without any sort of warning as the user, I can no longer use aliases, nor the normal bash commands on th xfce4-terminal. Root is still working without problems. I don't have the faintest idea a to what is going on. A Assistance will be most appreciated. Thanks in advance. -- Stephen P. Molnar, Ph.D. www.molecular-modeling.net 614.312.7528 (c) Skype: smolnar1
Re: User Forgets Aliases
On Mon, Dec 16, 2019 at 09:30:08AM -0500, Stephen P. Molnar wrote: > As a matter of fact, there was no .bash_profile. > > I created on and transferred all of my alias statement to that and not is > fine. I believe you meant to say "now is fine". But your typo is literally correct: it is *NOT* fine. That is not how you do it. https://mywiki.wooledge.org/DotFiles https://wiki.debian.org/DotFiles You put aliases in ~/.bashrc so that they are read by NON-LOGIN SHELLS such as the one you get when you open an xterm from a window manager, and that xterm is NOT invoked with the -ls option. You source .bashc from your profile so that you ALSO get your aliases when you run a LOGIN SHELL, such as the one you get when you ssh into the system, or login on a text console, or open an xterm from a window manager with the -ls option. On top of that, you probably already had a ~/.profile, and now that you've created a ~/.bash_profile, your ~/.profile is no longer used. This will probably be a new, separate problem that you have just created for yourself, and simply not noticed yet. Remove your ~/.bash_profile. Put all your LOGIN SHELL STUFF (environment variables and so on) in ~/.profile. Make sure ~/.profile dots in ~/.bashrc. Put all your ALIASES, FUNCTIONS, SHOPTS AND SO FORTH in ~/.bashrc. Read the two wiki pages. Or at least one of them. The Debian one is older, so if you only read one of them, it should probably be the first one. Tell us HOW. YOU. LOG. IN. This is no longer optional. Stop fooling around. Stop being an obstinate blockhead. Do you not understand the QUESTION? Here are some possible answers to it: "I login on a text console, and then I run startx." "I login with the GNOME graphical thingy. It says it runs a Wayland." "I login with the graphical thingy and the default is GNOME Wayland, but I have problems with that, so I told it use to use GNOME X11." "I installed XFCE and I login with the graphical thing, I think it's called light something." "It's a remote server. I login with ssh." And so on. These things MATTER. You don't have to be an EXPERT, but you do have to demonstrate a tiny modicum of AWARENESS.
Re: User Forgets Aliases
On 12/16/2019 08:30 AM, Greg Wooledge wrote: On Sat, Dec 14, 2019 at 04:27:39AM -0500, Stephen P. Molnar wrote: I find that I have to source the .bashrc use the aliases. My guess is that you: 1) created a ~/.bash_profile and forgot to tell it to source ~/.bashrc; or 2) altered your ~/.profile in such a way that it no longer sources ~/.bashrc; or 3) somehow are no longer using bash as your shell when you launch a terminal, or when you login to a shell session. In any case, if your shell is bash, your PROFILE (which is one of the three files ~/.bash_profile or ~/.bash_login or ~/.profile) must source or dot in ~/.bashrc. If none of these shotgun guesses match your problem, then please provide details. What version of Debian, how do you login, how do you get to an interactive shell. As a matter of fact, there was no .bash_profile. I created on and transferred all of my alias statement to that and not is fine. -- Stephen P. Molnar, Ph.D. www.molecular-modeling.net 614.312.7528 (c) Skype: smolnar1
Re: User Forgets Aliases
On Sat, Dec 14, 2019 at 04:27:39AM -0500, Stephen P. Molnar wrote: > I find that I have to source the .bashrc use the aliases. My guess is that you: 1) created a ~/.bash_profile and forgot to tell it to source ~/.bashrc; or 2) altered your ~/.profile in such a way that it no longer sources ~/.bashrc; or 3) somehow are no longer using bash as your shell when you launch a terminal, or when you login to a shell session. In any case, if your shell is bash, your PROFILE (which is one of the three files ~/.bash_profile or ~/.bash_login or ~/.profile) must source or dot in ~/.bashrc. If none of these shotgun guesses match your problem, then please provide details. What version of Debian, how do you login, how do you get to an interactive shell.
Re: User Forgets Aliases
On Sb, 14 dec 19, 04:27:39, Stephen P. Molnar wrote: > For reasons unknown to me, my user seems to have forgotten aliases in > .bashrc! > > I find that I have to source the .bashrc use the aliases. This is rather > inconvenient as I have quite a few aliases that I use all of the time. > > Does anyone haw any idea as to what might be going on here? What else changed? How are you starting the shell? Kind regards, Andrei -- http://wiki.debian.org/FAQsFromDebianUser signature.asc Description: PGP signature
User Forgets Aliases
For reasons unknown to me, my user seems to have forgotten aliases in .bashrc! I find that I have to source the .bashrc use the aliases. This is rather inconvenient as I have quite a few aliases that I use all of the time. Does anyone haw any idea as to what might be going on here? Thanks in advance. -- Stephen P. Molnar, Ph.D. www.molecular-modeling.net 614.312.7528 (c) Skype: smolnar1
Re: [solved] Re: Setting up aliases to work also in tty* consoles?
Greg Wooledge <wool...@eeg.ccf.org> writes: > On Tue, Jun 20, 2017 at 05:32:09PM +0100, Rodolfo Medina wrote: >> Greg Wooledge <wool...@eeg.ccf.org> writes: >> > Once more, from the top: >> > >> > 1) ~/.bash_profile should source ~/.bashrc >> > 2) Shell functions and aliases and shopts and sets and other transient >> >settings should go in ~/.bashrc >> > 3) Environment variables and other NON-transient settings should go in >> >~/.bash_profile > >> My alias: >> >> alias mplayer='mplayer -demuxer lavf' >> >> works, for tty* consoles, if I put it in ~/.bash_profile. Instead, if I put >> it in ~/.bashrc, it doesn't work within tty* but only within graphical >> system. > > Refer to step 1. Make sure ~/.bash_profile sources ~/.bashrc. > > Debian provides a ~/.profile by default in jessie and stretch, so > ~/.bash_profile is either something you wrote, or something you > inherited from an older system. > > Make ~/.bash_profile source ~/.bashrc. > > If you need help with that, you can paste the code from /etc/skel/.profile > starting with "# if running bash" and ending with the second "fi" line > which follows that comment. > > ~/.bash_profile must source ~/.bashrc Sorry, at the beginning I hadn't given enough importance to your recommendation that ~/.bash_profile should source ~/.bashrc. Now I put my alias in ~/bashrc, then at the beginning of ~/.bash_profile I put: # if running bash if [ -n "$BASH_VERSION" ]; then # include .bashrc if it exists if [ -f "$HOME/.bashrc" ]; then . "$HOME/.bashrc" fi fi and everything is fine: the alias is also active in tty* consoles. I hope now I understood and did correctly. Thanks, Regards Rodolfo
Re: [solved] Re: Setting up aliases to work also in tty* consoles?
On Tue, Jun 20, 2017 at 05:32:09PM +0100, Rodolfo Medina wrote: > Greg Wooledge <wool...@eeg.ccf.org> writes: > > Once more, from the top: > > > > 1) ~/.bash_profile should source ~/.bashrc > > 2) Shell functions and aliases and shopts and sets and other transient > >settings should go in ~/.bashrc > > 3) Environment variables and other NON-transient settings should go in > >~/.bash_profile > My alias: > > alias mplayer='mplayer -demuxer lavf' > > works, for tty* consoles, if I put it in ~/.bash_profile. Instead, if I put > it > in ~/.bashrc, it doesn't work within tty* but only within graphical system. Refer to step 1. Make sure ~/.bash_profile sources ~/.bashrc. Debian provides a ~/.profile by default in jessie and stretch, so ~/.bash_profile is either something you wrote, or something you inherited from an older system. Make ~/.bash_profile source ~/.bashrc. If you need help with that, you can paste the code from /etc/skel/.profile starting with "# if running bash" and ending with the second "fi" line which follows that comment. ~/.bash_profile must source ~/.bashrc
Re: [solved] Re: Setting up aliases to work also in tty* consoles?
Greg Wooledge <wool...@eeg.ccf.org> writes: > On Tue, Jun 20, 2017 at 04:43:25PM +0100, Rodolfo Medina wrote: >> According to what you say, I solved my problem by putting my aliases in >> ~/.bash_profile rather than in ~/.bash_aliases. I don't know if it's >> correct, but it works. > > It's not correct, because that file WON'T be read by regular shells. > It's only read by login shells. > > Once more, from the top: > > 1) ~/.bash_profile should source ~/.bashrc > 2) Shell functions and aliases and shopts and sets and other transient >settings should go in ~/.bashrc > 3) Environment variables and other NON-transient settings should go in >~/.bash_profile > > Substitute ~/.profile for ~/.bash_profile if necessary. This is the file > that is only read once. > > Substitute ~/.bash_aliases for ~/.bashrc if necessary. This is the file > that is read by every new instance of the shell. My alias: alias mplayer='mplayer -demuxer lavf' works, for tty* consoles, if I put it in ~/.bash_profile. Instead, if I put it in ~/.bashrc, it doesn't work within tty* but only within graphical system. Rodolfo
Re: [solved] Re: Setting up aliases to work also in tty* consoles?
On Tue, Jun 20, 2017 at 04:43:25PM +0100, Rodolfo Medina wrote: > According to what you say, I solved my problem by putting my aliases in > ~/.bash_profile rather than in ~/.bash_aliases. I don't know if it's correct, > but it works. It's not correct, because that file WON'T be read by regular shells. It's only read by login shells. Once more, from the top: 1) ~/.bash_profile should source ~/.bashrc 2) Shell functions and aliases and shopts and sets and other transient settings should go in ~/.bashrc 3) Environment variables and other NON-transient settings should go in ~/.bash_profile Substitute ~/.profile for ~/.bash_profile if necessary. This is the file that is only read once. Substitute ~/.bash_aliases for ~/.bashrc if necessary. This is the file that is read by every new instance of the shell.
[solved] Re: Setting up aliases to work also in tty* consoles?
Greg Wooledge <wool...@eeg.ccf.org> writes: > On Tue, Jun 20, 2017 at 04:06:24PM +0100, Rodolfo Medina wrote: >> I settle down permamnent bash aliases by simply putting them in the file >> ~/.bash_aliases; but they only work within X environment. Is it possible, >> and how?, to make them work also in tty1, tty2, ..., i.e. out of graphical >> surround? > > Shell aliases and functions should be declared in ~/.bashrc or in a file > that you source from ~/.bashrc. Some people like to create a ~/.bash_aliases > and source that from ~/.bashrc -- that's fine. Sounds like you are doing > that. > > The other step is that you need to ensure ~/.bashrc gets sourced from > your login profile, so that it gets picked up by ALL interactive shells > (login and non-login). If you have a ~/.bash_profile or ~/.bash_login, > make sure you source ~/.bashrc from there. Otherwise, if you don't > have those, make sure you source it from ~/.profile. > > When you login on a text console, you get a login shell, which reads > ~/.bash_profile or ~/.bash_login or ~/.profile but not ~/.bashrc. > (Which is why you need that extra source step.) > > When you run a terminal emulator within an X session, you *typically* > get a non-login shell, which reads ~/.bashrc only. According to what you say, I solved my problem by putting my aliases in ~/.bash_profile rather than in ~/.bash_aliases. I don't know if it's correct, but it works. Thanks, Rodolfo
Re: Setting up aliases to work also in tty* consoles?
On Tue, Jun 20, 2017 at 11:36:17AM -0400, Felix Miata wrote: > Greg Wooledge composed on 2017-06-20 11:14 (UTC-0400): > > When you run a terminal emulator within an X session, you *typically* > > get a non-login shell, which reads ~/.bashrc only. > . > Interesting. Which WM(s)/DE(s) do/does that apply to? Depends on the config, and the terminal emulator as well. A standard WM menu should simply run the terminal emulator (e.g. urxvt) with no options, which will then run a regular (non-login) shell. However, some people configure their WMs to launch their terminals with the "-ls" or equivalent option, which forces a login shell. This is common in academic environments, for example. I think the rationale is that it makes life simpler for non-sophisticated users, who will just put their aliases in whatever dot file they happen to stumble across; forcing a login shell means *all* the dot files get read, so they get fewer support calls.
Re: Setting up aliases to work also in tty* consoles?
Greg Wooledge composed on 2017-06-20 11:14 (UTC-0400): > When you login on a text console, you get a login shell, which reads > ~/.bash_profile or ~/.bash_login or ~/.profile but not ~/.bashrc. > (Which is why you need that extra source step.) > When you run a terminal emulator within an X session, you *typically* > get a non-login shell, which reads ~/.bashrc only. . Interesting. Which WM(s)/DE(s) do/does that apply to? 'alias | wc -l' produces same result here whether in vtty or in Konsole, whether root (53) or ordinary user (22), my self-created aliases are all in ~/.bashrc, and except for (non-existent) /etc/bashrc I have no reference to any other startup or other script in ~/.bashrc. -- "The wise are known for their understanding, and pleasant words are persuasive." Proverbs 16:21 (New Living Translation) Team OS/2 ** Reg. Linux User #211409 ** a11y rocks! Felix Miata *** http://fm.no-ip.com/
Re: Setting up aliases to work also in tty* consoles?
On Tue, Jun 20, 2017 at 04:06:24PM +0100, Rodolfo Medina wrote: > I settle down permamnent bash aliases by simply putting them in the file > ~/.bash_aliases; but they only work within X environment. Is it possible, and > how?, to make them work also in tty1, tty2, ..., i.e. out of graphical > surround? Shell aliases and functions should be declared in ~/.bashrc or in a file that you source from ~/.bashrc. Some people like to create a ~/.bash_aliases and source that from ~/.bashrc -- that's fine. Sounds like you are doing that. The other step is that you need to ensure ~/.bashrc gets sourced from your login profile, so that it gets picked up by ALL interactive shells (login and non-login). If you have a ~/.bash_profile or ~/.bash_login, make sure you source ~/.bashrc from there. Otherwise, if you don't have those, make sure you source it from ~/.profile. When you login on a text console, you get a login shell, which reads ~/.bash_profile or ~/.bash_login or ~/.profile but not ~/.bashrc. (Which is why you need that extra source step.) When you run a terminal emulator within an X session, you *typically* get a non-login shell, which reads ~/.bashrc only.
Setting up aliases to work also in tty* consoles?
Hi all. I settle down permamnent bash aliases by simply putting them in the file ~/.bash_aliases; but they only work within X environment. Is it possible, and how?, to make them work also in tty1, tty2, ..., i.e. out of graphical surround? Thanks for any help, Rodolfo
spam to aliases and system accounts
Daniel Pocock: > Do any of the mailers (postfix, exim, etc) provide a convenient way > to exclude delivery to system accounts by default, or to exclude > these aliases and accounts from receiving mail from external senders? > Could anybody share examples of how they do it or pointers to > any blogs or wikis with examples? The qmail convention of long standing is that an account does not receive mail in a local mailbox of its own (be that a Maildir in its home directory or an mboxrd file in /var/spool/mail) if (a) it has UID zero, (b) it has a non-existent or inaccessible home directory, (c) the account is not the owner of the home directory, or (d) the account has uppercase letters in its name. * https://manpages.debian.org/jessie/qmail/qmail-getpw.8.en.html * http://www.lifewithqmail.org/lwq.html#gotchasexim So, for examples: mail to ga...@example.com will not be delivered into a mailbox for the games user because that account is not the owner of /usr/games , its home directory. mail to sa...@example.com or usb...@example.com will not be delivered into a mailbox for the saned or usbmux users because their home directories, /home/saned and /home/usbmux, do not (normally) exist. So this is mostly not a packaging problem, and far more a question of whether your chosen mail system employs a similar convention to that of qmail. One could in theory configure exim4 to do the same, but that is not the case in Debian, where exim4 is merely configured to treat an account as a real person only unless the account name is the string "root". Similarly, postfix on Debian is configured to use the aliases mechanism to filter out rôle accounts, but the supplied default aliases file in Debian includes almost none of the rôle accounts employed by Debian packages. * https://sources.debian.net/src/exim4/4.89-2/debian/debconf/conf.d/router/900_exim4-config_local_user/ * https://sources.debian.net/src/postfix/3.1.4-4/conf/aliases/ It is to *some* extent a packaging problem inasmuch as some of the rôle user accounts that some softwares employ are created with seemingly valid home directories that exist and that they fully own. The possibly worst offences here are where people have decided to re-use service runtime directories in /run as account home directories, given that (with ~/Mailbox or ~/Maildir/ delivery) this will result in the rôle accounts' junk mail being delivered to a mailbox in /run . The avahi account has /var/run/avahi-daemon as its home directory, which it owns. Similarly, the irc account has /var/run/ircd as its home directory, which it owns. (The hplip account has /var/run/hplip, and messagebus has /var/run/dbus; but they do not own those directories.) Because of this, avahi and irc satisfy the conventional qmail criteria for being real people user accounts to whose mailboxes mail should be delivered.
Re: spam to aliases and system accounts
On 20/04/17 13:27, Jonathan Dowland wrote: > On Thu, Apr 20, 2017 at 10:43:33AM +0100, Brian wrote: >> You would have to sound out and convince the exim4 maintainers. I can >> well imagine their enthusiasm for a change might be muted. > > I've reported this before, IIRC, and was ignored. There's also a potential > DoS situation because the default configuration will accept and store mail > for some aliases in /var/mail/, which might be / and could fill up > without the admin noticing, especially if legitimate users have mail moved > elsewhere (e.g. ~/Maildir) > How did you know my environment? It is a nightmare actually. If any real and important mail is sent to those addresses then it is probably buried under all the spam, making those addresses pointless. That is why I suggested, rather than completely removing them, the possibility that the mailer could be configured not to allow external mail to system users and related aliases. I could probably dig around in the documentation and find a way to do that myself but I was curious if anybody had already done so and documented their solution. Regards, Daniel
Re: spam to aliases and system accounts
On Thu, Apr 20, 2017 at 10:43:33AM +0100, Brian wrote: > You would have to sound out and convince the exim4 maintainers. I can > well imagine their enthusiasm for a change might be muted. I've reported this before, IIRC, and was ignored. There's also a potential DoS situation because the default configuration will accept and store mail for some aliases in /var/mail/, which might be / and could fill up without the admin noticing, especially if legitimate users have mail moved elsewhere (e.g. ~/Maildir) -- ⢀⣴⠾⠻⢶⣦⠀ ⣾⠁⢠⠒⠀⣿⡁ Jonathan Dowland ⢿⡄⠘⠷⠚⠋⠀ https://jmtd.net ⠈⠳⣄ Please do not CC me, I am subscribed to the list.
Re: spam to aliases and system accounts
On Wed 19 Apr 2017 at 20:15:02 +0200, Daniel Pocock wrote:
> When people install Debian (or any distro), they usually get a bunch of
> entries in /etc/aliases and various system accounts (/etc/passwd entries
> with UID < 1000) created by the packages they install.
>
> I've noticed an increase in spammers targeting some of the more common ones.
>
> Can the number of aliases installed by default be reduced?
>
> Do any of the mailers (postfix, exim, etc) provide a convenient way to
> exclude delivery to system accounts by default, or to exclude these
> aliases and accounts from receiving mail from external senders? Could
> anybody share examples of how they do it or pointers to any blogs or
> wikis with examples?
>
> Could/should any more be done at the packaging level to minimize this
> problem or is it something that can only be done on a per-site basis?
This is the postinst for exim4-config:
#initialize /etc/aliases
writealiases() {
echo '# /etc/aliases' > /etc/aliases.tmp
echo 'mailer-daemon: postmaster' >> /etc/aliases.tmp
for i in postmaster nobody hostmaster usenet news webmaster www ftp abuse noc
security ; do
echo "${i}: root"
done >> /etc/aliases.tmp
mv /etc/aliases.tmp /etc/aliases
}
You would have to sound out and convince the exim4 maintainers. I can
well imagine their enthusiasm for a change might be muted.
--
Brian.
spam to aliases and system accounts
When people install Debian (or any distro), they usually get a bunch of entries in /etc/aliases and various system accounts (/etc/passwd entries with UID < 1000) created by the packages they install. I've noticed an increase in spammers targeting some of the more common ones. Can the number of aliases installed by default be reduced? Do any of the mailers (postfix, exim, etc) provide a convenient way to exclude delivery to system accounts by default, or to exclude these aliases and accounts from receiving mail from external senders? Could anybody share examples of how they do it or pointers to any blogs or wikis with examples? Could/should any more be done at the packaging level to minimize this problem or is it something that can only be done on a per-site basis? Regards, Daniel
exim, mailname and aliases
Hello list, I'm into a slight struggle with my mail servers. They are satellite systems (no local mail, everything goes to a smarthost). I figured out that by changing the mailname to generaldomain.com instead of themachineshostname.generaldomain.com, all users' mail get delivered to u...@generaldomain.com (I create users with usernames that exist as a mail alias/address in that domain). BUT this breaks the aliases file. special or system users, like root, are not rewritten to m...@generaldomain.com, they are smarthosted with their original user id -- r...@generaldomain.com ... Probably there is a better and cleaner way to reroute local users (not individually, please) than to forge /etc/mailname? -- Frank Van Damme No part of this copyright message may be reproduced, read or seen, dead or alive or by any means, including but not limited to telepathy without the benevolence of the author. -- To UNSUBSCRIBE, email to debian-user-requ...@lists.debian.org with a subject of unsubscribe. Trouble? Contact listmas...@lists.debian.org Archive: http://lists.debian.org/camz22ejf4vqsc49djdyty6uteq3urfmcqzsfwkflrw6w2qa...@mail.gmail.com
Re: exim, mailname and aliases
On Thu, 13 Sep 2012 16:02:22 +0200, Frank Van Damme wrote: I'm into a slight struggle with my mail servers. They are satellite systems (no local mail, everything goes to a smarthost). I figured out that by changing the mailname to generaldomain.com instead of themachineshostname.generaldomain.com, all users' mail get delivered to u...@generaldomain.com (I create users with usernames that exist as a mail alias/address in that domain). BUT this breaks the aliases file. special or system users, like root, are not rewritten to m...@generaldomain.com, they are smarthosted with their original user id -- r...@generaldomain.com ... Probably there is a better and cleaner way to reroute local users (not individually, please) than to forge /etc/mailname? If this was Postfix, I would suggest that you look at the address rewriting rules for doing a selective routing of the outgoing messages based on their location (local or remote users). For Exim, I'm not sure how this is handled. Greetings, -- Camaleón -- To UNSUBSCRIBE, email to debian-user-requ...@lists.debian.org with a subject of unsubscribe. Trouble? Contact listmas...@lists.debian.org Archive: http://lists.debian.org/k2srd9$jks$7...@ger.gmane.org
Re: exim, mailname and aliases
Frank Van Damme frank.vanda...@gmail.com writes: Hello list, I'm into a slight struggle with my mail servers. They are satellite systems (no local mail, everything goes to a smarthost). I figured out that by changing the mailname to generaldomain.com instead of themachineshostname.generaldomain.com, all users' mail get delivered to u...@generaldomain.com (I create users with usernames that exist as a mail alias/address in that domain). Hm, I don't understand what you are trying to achieve. Incoming mail is delivered from where to where? On which host do you change the mailname? BUT this breaks the aliases file. special or system users, like root, are not rewritten to m...@generaldomain.com, they are smarthosted with their original user id -- r...@generaldomain.com ... What is in your aliases files? In which way are they broken? Are you referring to recipient or to sender addresses? Probably there is a better and cleaner way to reroute local users (not individually, please) than to forge /etc/mailname? What do you mean by re-route local users? -- Debian testing amd64 -- To UNSUBSCRIBE, email to debian-user-requ...@lists.debian.org with a subject of unsubscribe. Trouble? Contact listmas...@lists.debian.org Archive: http://lists.debian.org/87a9wtr8am@yun.yagibdah.de
Re: [exim] et aliases
Jean-Yves F. Barbier a écrit : | On Thu, 8 Dec 2011 07:05:23 +0100 | zut...@laposte.net wrote: | | Hors, elle me revienne toutes en Mail Delivery System | | Le texte OSEF, ce qui compte c'est le n° d'erreur associé! | Je ne sais pas ou trouver ce N°. Toutefois, voici le corp du message: pourtant, j'ai bien cette entrée dans mon /etc/aliases - Forwarded message from Mail Delivery System mailer-dae...@bureau.veronico.net - Date: Sat, 10 Dec 2011 10:17:46 +0100 From: Mail Delivery System mailer-dae...@bureau.veronico.net To: zut...@laposte.net Subject: Mail delivery failed: returning message to sender Message-Id: e1rzj3y-0001xk...@bureau.veronico.net.veronico.net This message was created automatically by mail delivery software. A message that you sent could not be delivered to one or more of its recipients. This is a permanent error. The following address(es) failed: bla...@bureau.veronico.net SMTP error from remote mail server after RCPT TO:bla...@bureau.veronico.net: host smtp.orange.fr [193.252.22.91]: 550 5.1.1 Adresse d au moins un destinataire invalide. Invalid recipient. OFR204_418 [418] -- This is a copy of the message, including all the headers. -- -- Quelle est la différence entre un psychiatre et un fou ? Le diplôme signature.asc Description: Digital signature
Re: [exim] et aliases
On Sat, 10 Dec 2011 18:10:22 +0100 Zuthos zuthos-nos...@laposte.net wrote: Jean-Yves F. Barbier a écrit : | On Thu, 8 Dec 2011 07:05:23 +0100 | zut...@laposte.net wrote: | | Hors, elle me revienne toutes en Mail Delivery System | | Le texte OSEF, ce qui compte c'est le n° d'erreur associé! | Merci d'utiliser la séquence standard pour la mise en quote des conversation précédentes, à savoir , la modifier, ça fait sûrement Tjoli à la maison mais 99.% des gens utilisent le STD. From: Mail Delivery System mailer-dae...@bureau.veronico.net To: zut...@laposte.net Subject: Mail delivery failed: returning message to sender Message-Id: e1rzj3y-0001xk...@bureau.veronico.net.veronico.net This message was created automatically by mail delivery software. A message that you sent could not be delivered to one or more of its recipients. This is a permanent error. The following address(es) failed: bla...@bureau.veronico.net SMTP error from remote mail server after RCPT TO:bla...@bureau.veronico.net: host smtp.orange.fr [193.252.22.91]: 550 5.1.1 Adresse d au moins un destinataire invalide. ^^^ 550 = relay denied Il paraît évident que le SMTP d'orange ne va sûrement pas relayer le s/s domaine bureau.veronico.net... Et en plus l'explication est sous tes yeux: The following address(es) failed: bla...@bureau.veronico.net Par ailleurs, les adresses e-mail s'expriment en minuscules. -- Do not use if printed inner seal is broken or missing. -- Lisez la FAQ de la liste avant de poser une question : http://wiki.debian.org/fr/FrenchLists Pour vous DESABONNER, envoyez un message avec comme objet unsubscribe vers debian-user-french-requ...@lists.debian.org En cas de soucis, contactez EN ANGLAIS listmas...@lists.debian.org Archive: http://lists.debian.org/20111210183013.76efaf2f@anubis.defcon1
Re: [exim] et aliases
Le 10/12/2011 18:30, Jean-Yves F. Barbier a écrit : Par ailleurs, les adresses e-mail s'expriment en minuscules. Oui-mais-non : rfc5321 : Therefore, SMTP implementations MUST take care to preserve the case of mailbox local-parts. In particular, for some hosts, the user smith is different from the user Smith. However, exploiting the case sensitivity of mailbox local-parts impedes interoperability and is discouraged. Mailbox domains follow normal DNS rules and are hence not case sensitive. J. -- Pour passer au message suivant appuyez sur # -- Lisez la FAQ de la liste avant de poser une question : http://wiki.debian.org/fr/FrenchLists Pour vous DESABONNER, envoyez un message avec comme objet unsubscribe vers debian-user-french-requ...@lists.debian.org En cas de soucis, contactez EN ANGLAIS listmas...@lists.debian.org Archive: http://lists.debian.org/4ee3c20f.1030...@lavignotte.org
Re: [exim] et aliases
On Sat, 10 Dec 2011 21:33:19 +0100 jacques jacq...@lavignotte.org wrote: Oui-mais-non : rfc5321 : Therefore, SMTP implementations MUST take care to preserve the case of mailbox local-parts. In particular, for some hosts, the user smith is different from the user Smith. Jusque-là, peut-être... However, exploiting the case sensitivity of mailbox local-parts impedes interoperability and is discouraged. Mailbox domains follow normal DNS rules and are hence not case sensitive. Mais plus là. s/s Linux les adresses e-mail comportant des majuscules sont justement là pour prévenir qu'on n'y répond pas (Mailer-Daemon par exemple). -- Kill your parents.-- Jerry Rubin -- Lisez la FAQ de la liste avant de poser une question : http://wiki.debian.org/fr/FrenchLists Pour vous DESABONNER, envoyez un message avec comme objet unsubscribe vers debian-user-french-requ...@lists.debian.org En cas de soucis, contactez EN ANGLAIS listmas...@lists.debian.org Archive: http://lists.debian.org/20111211012916.555bc242@anubis.defcon1
[exim] et aliases
Bonjour, Après une mise à jour, mes aliases ne semble plus être fonctionnel. J'ai, en effet, créé des listes pour me simplifier la vie. Par exemple: boulot Blague Hors, elle me revienne toutes en Mail Delivery System Si quelqu'un avait une idée. D'avance merci -- La théorie, c'est quand on sait tout et que rien ne fonctionne. La pratique, c'est quand tout fonctionne et que personne ne sait pourquoi. Si la pratique et la théorie sont réunies, rien ne fonctionne et on ne sait pas pourquoi. -+- Albert Einstein -+- -- Lisez la FAQ de la liste avant de poser une question : http://wiki.debian.org/fr/FrenchLists Pour vous DESABONNER, envoyez un message avec comme objet unsubscribe vers debian-user-french-requ...@lists.debian.org En cas de soucis, contactez EN ANGLAIS listmas...@lists.debian.org Archive: http://lists.debian.org/386619417dc857da0bb07cd5737d12c5.squirrel@bureau
Re: [exim] et aliases
On Thu, 8 Dec 2011 07:05:23 +0100 zut...@laposte.net wrote: Hors, elle me revienne toutes en Mail Delivery System Le texte OSEF, ce qui compte c'est le n° d'erreur associé! -- Overfiend Joy: Hey, I'm an asshole. Assholes emit odious gas. That's what we do. -- Lisez la FAQ de la liste avant de poser une question : http://wiki.debian.org/fr/FrenchLists Pour vous DESABONNER, envoyez un message avec comme objet unsubscribe vers debian-user-french-requ...@lists.debian.org En cas de soucis, contactez EN ANGLAIS listmas...@lists.debian.org Archive: http://lists.debian.org/20111208071758.41fbb66a@anubis.defcon1
Re: nullmailer et aliases mail
Bonjour, Le 27/10/2010 11:40, C. Mourad Jaber a écrit : Bonjour, Je ne trouve pas de documentation complète sur NullMailer... J'ai une configuration assez simple : un serveur qui relai ses mails via nullmailer sur le smtp officiel du domaine... Jusque-là tout va bien... La problème est que j'aimerai utiliser des aliases pour les comptes administratif et cela ne semble pas fonctionner... J'ai ajouter des entrées dans le fichier /etc/aliases et j'aurai espéré une prise en compte automatique, mais ça ne fonctionne pas ! Y'a-t-il une option pour expenser les aliases *avant* de relayer ? C'est pas utile, c'est le job du smtp officiel du domaine Quelqu'un aurait-il une solution ou une documentation de ce soft ? faut plutôt voir du coté du vrai serveur mail. (avec pour le coup le /etc/aliases qui sert) Un relais de messagerie, il sert juste de relais, il est pas là pour faire un traitement spécifique. La seule chose qu'il connaît c'est : pour tous les mails qui arrivent, les transférer à cette @IP Jean-Pierre
nullmailer et aliases mail
Bonjour, Je ne trouve pas de documentation complète sur NullMailer... J'ai une configuration assez simple : un serveur qui relai ses mails via nullmailer sur le smtp officiel du domaine... Jusque-là tout va bien... La problème est que j'aimerai utiliser des aliases pour les comptes administratif et cela ne semble pas fonctionner... J'ai ajouter des entrées dans le fichier /etc/aliases et j'aurai espéré une prise en compte automatique, mais ça ne fonctionne pas ! Y'a-t-il une option pour expenser les aliases *avant* de relayer ? Quelqu'un aurait-il une solution ou une documentation de ce soft ? ++ Mourad -- Lisez la FAQ de la liste avant de poser une question : http://wiki.debian.org/fr/FrenchLists Pour vous DESABONNER, envoyez un message avec comme objet unsubscribe vers debian-user-french-requ...@lists.debian.org En cas de soucis, contactez EN ANGLAIS listmas...@lists.debian.org Archive: http://lists.debian.org/4cc7f3a5.2060...@nativobject.net
Re: nullmailer et aliases mail
Le 27/10/2010 11:40, C. Mourad Jaber a écrit : Bonjour, Je ne trouve pas de documentation complète sur NullMailer... J'ai une configuration assez simple : un serveur qui relai ses mails via nullmailer sur le smtp officiel du domaine... Jusque-là tout va bien... La problème est que j'aimerai utiliser des aliases pour les comptes administratif et cela ne semble pas fonctionner... J'ai ajouter des entrées dans le fichier /etc/aliases et j'aurai espéré une prise en compte automatique, mais ça ne fonctionne pas ! Y'a-t-il une option pour expenser les aliases *avant* de relayer ? Quelqu'un aurait-il une solution ou une documentation de ce soft ? ++ Mourad Salut, Tu as bien régénéré la base avec la commande newaliases une fois le fichier /etc/aliases modifié ? David -- Lisez la FAQ de la liste avant de poser une question : http://wiki.debian.org/fr/FrenchLists Pour vous DESABONNER, envoyez un message avec comme objet unsubscribe vers debian-user-french-requ...@lists.debian.org En cas de soucis, contactez EN ANGLAIS listmas...@lists.debian.org Archive: http://lists.debian.org/4cc7fa65.1080...@davidsanchez.fr
Re: nullmailer et aliases mail
Le 27/10/2010 12:09, David Sanchez a écrit : Le 27/10/2010 11:40, C. Mourad Jaber a écrit : Bonjour, Je ne trouve pas de documentation complète sur NullMailer... J'ai une configuration assez simple : un serveur qui relai ses mails via nullmailer sur le smtp officiel du domaine... Jusque-là tout va bien... La problème est que j'aimerai utiliser des aliases pour les comptes administratif et cela ne semble pas fonctionner... J'ai ajouter des entrées dans le fichier /etc/aliases et j'aurai espéré une prise en compte automatique, mais ça ne fonctionne pas ! Y'a-t-il une option pour expenser les aliases *avant* de relayer ? Quelqu'un aurait-il une solution ou une documentation de ce soft ? ++ Mourad Salut, Tu as bien régénéré la base avec la commande newaliases une fois le fichier /etc/aliases modifié ? David Bonjour, Si je me refère à la page man de cette commande, elle me semble sans effets sur nullmailer : NAME newaliases - pseudo newaliases command for nullmailer SYNOPSIS newaliases DESCRIPTION newaliases is a symbolic link to /bin/true and exists for compliance with the Debian Policy Manual, chapter 12.6, only. ++ Mourad -- Lisez la FAQ de la liste avant de poser une question : http://wiki.debian.org/fr/FrenchLists Pour vous DESABONNER, envoyez un message avec comme objet unsubscribe vers debian-user-french-requ...@lists.debian.org En cas de soucis, contactez EN ANGLAIS listmas...@lists.debian.org Archive: http://lists.debian.org/4cc812d4.6010...@nativobject.net
Re: nullmailer et aliases mail
Bonjour, On 27/10/2010 11:40, C. Mourad Jaber wrote: Bonjour, Je ne trouve pas de documentation complète sur NullMailer... J'ai une configuration assez simple : un serveur qui relai ses mails via nullmailer sur le smtp officiel du domaine... Jusque-là tout va bien... La problème est que j'aimerai utiliser des aliases pour les comptes administratif et cela ne semble pas fonctionner... J'ai ajouter des entrées dans le fichier /etc/aliases et j'aurai espéré une prise en compte automatique, mais ça ne fonctionne pas ! Y'a-t-il une option pour expenser les aliases *avant* de relayer ? C'est un MTA très simplifié, il n'est pas capable de gérer les alias. La seule possibilité est de définir un alias global (dpkg-reconfigure nullmailer) pour tous les mails envoyés a localhost ou `hostname`. Les mails envoyés à un destinataire sur un autre domaine continuent d'être envoyés à la bonne destination. Quelqu'un aurait-il une solution ou une documentation de ce soft ? Solution : installer postfix, exim, ou autre Documentation (les sources) : http://untroubled.org/nullmailer/nullmailer-1.05.tar.gz mais tout est dit dans les pages de man, et toute la configuration possible est demandée par debconf. ++ Mourad -- Lisez la FAQ de la liste avant de poser une question : http://wiki.debian.org/fr/FrenchLists Pour vous DESABONNER, envoyez un message avec comme objet unsubscribe vers debian-user-french-requ...@lists.debian.org En cas de soucis, contactez EN ANGLAIS listmas...@lists.debian.org Archive: http://lists.debian.org/ia9tuu$vj...@dough.gmane.org
aliases mail et postfix
Bonjour, J'ai un serveur postfix configuré avec un relais. J'ai defini des alias sur le serveur dans le fichier /etc/aliases, mis à jour avec la commande newaliases et rechargé le service postfix... dans le main.cf j'ai : alias_maps = hash:/etc/aliases alias_database = hash:/etc/aliases Ce qui devrait être correct ! Cependant, tout se passe comme si ces alias n'existe, posfix continue à envoyer à root au lieu d'envoyer aux alias que j'ai définis... Comment faire comprendre à postfix de résoudre les alias avant d'envoyer au relais ! ++ Mourad -- Lisez la FAQ de la liste avant de poser une question : http://wiki.debian.org/fr/FrenchLists Pour vous DESABONNER, envoyez un message avec comme objet unsubscribe vers debian-user-french-requ...@lists.debian.org En cas de soucis, contactez EN ANGLAIS listmas...@lists.debian.org Archive: http://lists.debian.org/4c90c775.5030...@nativobject.net
Re: aliases mail et postfix
On Wed, 15 Sep 2010 15:17:41 +0200, C. Mourad Jaber m...@nativobject.net wrote: J'ai un serveur postfix configuré avec un relais. J'ai defini des alias sur le serveur dans le fichier /etc/aliases, mis à jour avec la commande newaliases Il me semble que c'est plutôt postalias qu'il faut utiliser et rechargé le service postfix... dans le main.cf j'ai : alias_maps = hash:/etc/aliases alias_database = hash:/etc/aliases Ce qui devrait être correct ! Cependant, tout se passe comme si ces alias n'existe, posfix continue à envoyer à root au lieu d'envoyer aux alias que j'ai définis... est-ce que tes VARs (main.cf) prennent tous les noms/domaines/réseaux voulus en compte? Par ex, voila ce que j'ai: # Postfix svr FQDN myhostname = smtp.defcon1 # postfix main domain name mydomain = defcon1 # Anything coming for the hosts listed below will be delivered *LOCALLY* mydestination = $myhostname $mydomain localhost.$mydomain localhost # Local LAN mynetworks = 127.0.0.0/8 [:::127.0.0.0]/104 [::1]/128 192.168.1.0/24 # Only relay for us relay_domains = $mydestination Si ton appli email vers 'r...@localhost' par ex, ça restera local. -- No lifeguard on duty. -- Lisez la FAQ de la liste avant de poser une question : http://wiki.debian.org/fr/FrenchLists Pour vous DESABONNER, envoyez un message avec comme objet unsubscribe vers debian-user-french-requ...@lists.debian.org En cas de soucis, contactez EN ANGLAIS listmas...@lists.debian.org Archive: http://lists.debian.org/20100915154903.6cff1...@anubis.defcon1
Re: aliases mail et postfix
Le 15/09/2010 15:49, Jean-Yves F. Barbier a écrit : On Wed, 15 Sep 2010 15:17:41 +0200, C. Mourad Jaberm...@nativobject.net wrote: J'ai un serveur postfix configuré avec un relais. J'ai defini des alias sur le serveur dans le fichier /etc/aliases, mis à jour avec la commande newaliases Il me semble que c'est plutôt postalias qu'il faut utiliser et rechargé le service postfix... dans le main.cf j'ai : alias_maps = hash:/etc/aliases alias_database = hash:/etc/aliases Ce qui devrait être correct ! Cependant, tout se passe comme si ces alias n'existe, posfix continue à envoyer à root au lieu d'envoyer aux alias que j'ai définis... est-ce que tes VARs (main.cf) prennent tous les noms/domaines/réseaux voulus en compte? Par ex, voila ce que j'ai: # Postfix svr FQDN myhostname = smtp.defcon1 # postfix main domain name mydomain = defcon1 # Anything coming for the hosts listed below will be delivered *LOCALLY* mydestination = $myhostname $mydomain localhost.$mydomain localhost # Local LAN mynetworks = 127.0.0.0/8 [:::127.0.0.0]/104 [::1]/128 192.168.1.0/24 # Only relay for us relay_domains = $mydestination Si ton appli email vers 'r...@localhost' par ex, ça restera local. En fait, les messages partent bien sous la forme r...@mondomaine.fr la problème c'est que tout se passe comme si les alias n'existaient pas :( J'ai essayé avec postalias, mais cela ne semble rien changer ! Mon fichier /etc/aliases # cat /etc/aliases # See man 5 aliases for format postmaster:root root: administrateur administrateur: ema...@domaine.fr, autrem...@mail.fr mourad: autrem...@mail.fr Je devrais voir dans les logs les différents mails, mais cela ne semble pas : Sep 15 15:52:14 monserveur postfix/master[1789]: reload -- version 2.7.0, configuration /etc/postfix Sep 15 15:52:36 monserveur postfix/pickup[29122]: 055EF1560DB: uid=0 from=root Sep 15 15:52:36 monserveur postfix/cleanup[29126]: 055EF1560DB: message-id=20100915135236.055ef156...@monserveur.mondomain.fr Sep 15 15:52:36 monserveur postfix/qmgr[29121]: 055EF1560DB: from=r...@mondomain.fr, size=324, nrcpt=1 (queue active) Sep 15 15:52:36 monserveur postfix/smtp[29128]: 055EF1560DB: to=r...@mondomain.fr, orig_to=root, relay=mail.mondomain.fr[192.168.2.2]:25, delay=0.22, delays=0.17/0.01/0.02/0.03, dsn=2.0.0, status=sent (250 Ok, message saved Message-ID: 20100915135236.055ef156...@monserveur.mondomain.fr) Sep 15 15:52:36 monserveur postfix/qmgr[29121]: 055EF1560DB: removed ++ Mourad -- Lisez la FAQ de la liste avant de poser une question : http://wiki.debian.org/fr/FrenchLists Pour vous DESABONNER, envoyez un message avec comme objet unsubscribe vers debian-user-french-requ...@lists.debian.org En cas de soucis, contactez EN ANGLAIS listmas...@lists.debian.org Archive: http://lists.debian.org/4c90d27d.8060...@nativobject.net
Re: aliases mail et postfix
On Wed, 15 Sep 2010 16:04:45 +0200, C. Mourad Jaber m...@nativobject.net
wrote:
Pas bon ('reusement que je note:): aliases sert uniquement aux redirections
internes; c'est generic qui exécute les réécritures externes; par exemple
j'ai:
monu...@anubis.defcon1 12u...@gmail.com
donc, logiquement dans ton cas:
administrat...@mondomaine.frema...@domaine.fr
et il faut la directive smtp_generic_maps = hash:/etc/postfix/generic
dans main.cf (et évidemment un: postmap generic + un reload de PF.)
http://www.postfix.org/ADDRESS_REWRITING_README.html#generic
par contre, si tu persistes à réexpédier vers plusieurs adresses externes
il faudra chercher pcq je ne sais pas comment on fait.
En fait, les messages partent bien sous la forme r...@mondomaine.fr la
problème c'est que tout se passe comme si les alias n'existaient pas :(
Mon fichier /etc/aliases
# cat /etc/aliases
# See man 5 aliases for format
postmaster:root
root: administrateur
administrateur: ema...@domaine.fr, autrem...@mail.fr
mourad: autrem...@mail.fr
Je devrais voir dans les logs les différents mails, mais cela ne semble
pas : Sep 15 15:52:14 monserveur postfix/master[1789]: reload -- version
2.7.0, configuration /etc/postfix
Sep 15 15:52:36 monserveur postfix/pickup[29122]: 055EF1560DB: uid=0
from=root
Sep 15 15:52:36 monserveur postfix/cleanup[29126]: 055EF1560DB:
message-id=20100915135236.055ef156...@monserveur.mondomain.fr
Sep 15 15:52:36 monserveur postfix/qmgr[29121]: 055EF1560DB:
from=r...@mondomain.fr, size=324, nrcpt=1 (queue active) Sep 15
15:52:36 monserveur postfix/smtp[29128]: 055EF1560DB:
to=r...@mondomain.fr, orig_to=root,
relay=mail.mondomain.fr[192.168.2.2]:25, delay=0.22,
delays=0.17/0.01/0.02/0.03, dsn=2.0.0, status=sent (250 Ok, message saved
Message-ID: 20100915135236.055ef156...@monserveur.mondomain.fr)
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[SOLUCIONADO] Postfix - Problemas con los aliases
La solución era bien [1]sencilla. Hay que utilizar la directiva virtual_maps de Postfix, la cual es una tabla completa de correspondencias entre dominios. Saludos --- Angel [1]http://www.freebsddiary.org/postfix.php El Thu, 6 May 2010 22:50:14 +0200 AngelD ang...@froga.net escribió: Acabo de migrar un vetusto servidor de correo (postfix + cyrus) Sarge, a algo que tenga actualizaciones de seguridad, también con 'posfix' pero cambiando 'cyrus' por 'dovecot', y con idea de utilizar servidores virtuales. El problema radica en los aliases, que han dejado de funcionar, diciéndome que user unknown. He probado a cambiar el destinatario en el '/etc/aliases', por una FDQ (usua...@dominio.com), pero sigue diciendo user unknown. El error dice: to=usua...@dominio.com, relay=dovecot, delay=0.41, delays=0.32/0.03/0/0.06, dsn=5.1.1, status=bounced (user unknown) Intuyo que 'dovecot' procese los mensajes antes que el sistema, pero no encuentro donde ocurre esto. -- To UNSUBSCRIBE, email to debian-user-spanish-requ...@lists.debian.org with a subject of unsubscribe. Trouble? Contact listmas...@lists.debian.org Archive: http://lists.debian.org/20100511124025.1e3b5...@x32
Re: Postfix - Problemas con los aliases
El Thu, 06 May 2010 22:50:14 +0200, AngelD escribió: (...) El problema radica en los aliases, que han dejado de funcionar, diciéndome que user unknown. He probado a cambiar el destinatario en el '/etc/aliases', por una FDQ (usua...@dominio.com), pero sigue diciendo user unknown. Si dominio.com es un dominio virtual, debes especificar sus alias con el valor virtual_alias_maps. El error dice: to=usua...@dominio.com, relay=dovecot, delay=0.41, delays=0.32/0.03/0/0.06, dsn=5.1.1, status=bounced (user unknown) Intuyo que 'dovecot' procese los mensajes antes que el sistema, pero no encuentro donde ocurre esto. Ejemplos de configuración de dominios virtuales con Postfix: http://www.postfix.org/VIRTUAL_README.html Dependiendo del tipo de buzones que uses (de postfix o de dovecot) la configuración varía ligeramente. Saludos, -- Camaleón -- To UNSUBSCRIBE, email to debian-user-spanish-requ...@lists.debian.org with a subject of unsubscribe. Trouble? Contact listmas...@lists.debian.org Archive: http://lists.debian.org/pan.2010.05.07.06.32...@gmail.com
Postfix - Problemas con los aliases
Acabo de migrar un vetusto servidor de correo (postfix + cyrus) Sarge, a algo que tenga actualizaciones de seguridad, también con 'posfix' pero cambiando 'cyrus' por 'dovecot', y con idea de utilizar servidores virtuales. El problema radica en los aliases, que han dejado de funcionar, diciéndome que user unknown. He probado a cambiar el destinatario en el '/etc/aliases', por una FDQ (usua...@dominio.com), pero sigue diciendo user unknown. El error dice: to=usua...@dominio.com, relay=dovecot, delay=0.41, delays=0.32/0.03/0/0.06, dsn=5.1.1, status=bounced (user unknown) Intuyo que 'dovecot' procese los mensajes antes que el sistema, pero no encuentro donde ocurre esto. Cualquier ayuda sera bien recibida. Saludos --- Angel -- To UNSUBSCRIBE, email to debian-user-spanish-requ...@lists.debian.org with a subject of unsubscribe. Trouble? Contact listmas...@lists.debian.org Archive: http://lists.debian.org/4dcf8855d340cadab2bf63bc9d75a014.squir...@mail.froga.net
Re: Postfix - Problemas con los aliases
El jue, 06-05-2010 a las 22:50 +0200, AngelD escribió: El error dice: to=usua...@dominio.com, relay=dovecot, delay=0.41, delays=0.32/0.03/0/0.06, dsn=5.1.1, status=bounced (user unknown) Y unas lineas antes... ¿el log te dice algo así...? postfix/trivial-rewrite[7578]: warning: do not list domain dominio.com in BOTH mydestination and virtual_mailbox_domains Si es así puedes sacar pistas de http://isp-control.net/forum/thread-8086.html Un saludo JulHer signature.asc Description: Esta parte del mensaje está firmada digitalmente
Aliases with `-'
Hi, I would like to define an alias with some `-' characters into it, in my .bashrc. For example, if `this-is-my-alias' is my alias, I would use == alias 'this-is-my-alias'='some command to achieve' == It simply does not work. Why? I tried without `'' but emacs then stops highlighting the word, which is no good sign. Thanks. -- Merciadri Luca See http://www.student.montefiore.ulg.ac.be/~merciadri/ I use PGP. If there is an incompatibility problem with your mail client, please contact me. Instruction ends in the schoolroom, but education ends only with life. (F. W. Robertson) signature.asc Description: OpenPGP digital signature
Re: Aliases with `-'
On 2010-05-06 19:31 +0200, Merciadri Luca wrote: I would like to define an alias with some `-' characters into it, in my .bashrc. For example, if `this-is-my-alias' is my alias, I would use == alias 'this-is-my-alias'='some command to achieve' == It simply does not work. Why? Don't know -- it works for me in bash 4.1.5(1)-release. I tried without `'' but emacs then stops highlighting the word, which is no good sign. Syntax highlighting in Emacs' shell-script-mode leaves much to be desired, so this is not really a bad sign. Does it work if you leave out the apostrophes? Sven -- To UNSUBSCRIBE, email to debian-user-requ...@lists.debian.org with a subject of unsubscribe. Trouble? Contact listmas...@lists.debian.org Archive: http://lists.debian.org/87pr18ly1b@turtle.gmx.de
Re: Aliases with `-'
On 6 May 2010 20:31, Merciadri Luca wrote: It simply does not work. Why? I tried without `'' but emacs then stops highlighting the word, which is no good sign. Thanks. Don't mind about highlighting — alias defined in away like that: $ alias hello-world=echo 'hello world' will work. Tested on bash 4.1.5(1)-release (i486-pc-linux-gnu). Regards, Alexander Batischev -- To UNSUBSCRIBE, email to debian-user-requ...@lists.debian.org with a subject of unsubscribe. Trouble? Contact listmas...@lists.debian.org Archive: http://lists.debian.org/m2q28c1d5ea1005061050h58958c33v58a8b61cd5e5...@mail.gmail.com
Re: Aliases with `-'
On Thu, May 06, 2010 at 07:31:28PM +0200, Merciadri Luca wrote: I would like to define an alias with some `-' characters into it, in my .bashrc. For example, if `this-is-my-alias' is my alias, I would use == alias 'this-is-my-alias'='some command to achieve' == Hello, It does work here. I defined: alias this-is-a-test=uname -a in my .bashrc, and then I sourced it: source .bashrc Issuing the alias produces the expected results: $ this-is-a-test Linux ghost 2.6.26-2-686-bigmem #1 SMP Tue Mar 9 18:01:52 UTC 2010 i686 GNU/Linux It simply does not work. Why? I tried without `'' but emacs then stops highlighting the word, which is no good sign. Thanks. Vim does not expect an alias word to contain dashes, and highlight does not work as expected. Regards. -- Huella de clave primaria: 0FDA C36F F110 54F4 D42B D0EB 617D 396C 448B 31EB pgpgNSBWBruH6.pgp Description: PGP signature
Re: Aliases with `-'
Small note about highlighting — if you add quotes, emacs (and vim, and any other editor with syntax highlighting as well) thinks that it's a string and highlight it. If alias name isn't highlighted that doesn't mean that it won't work. So don't think about highlighting — everything works ;) Sincerely, Alexander Batischev -- To UNSUBSCRIBE, email to debian-user-requ...@lists.debian.org with a subject of unsubscribe. Trouble? Contact listmas...@lists.debian.org Archive: http://lists.debian.org/j2m28c1d5ea1005061055rf3c9b8deo62b4e33ea9de3...@mail.gmail.com
Re: Aliases with `-'
Alexander Batischev wrote: Small note about highlighting — if you add quotes, emacs (and vim, and any other editor with syntax highlighting as well) thinks that it's a string and highlight it. If alias name isn't highlighted that doesn't mean that it won't work. So don't think about highlighting — everything works ;) Thanks for all your answers. It actually finally works. I had to re-source the file twice to make it work. Weird! I was expecting more than that of emacs, because it normally comes into a mode which depends on the extension and/or the name of the edited file (e.g. if you edit a Makefile, it knows that it's a Makefile). Thanks again. -- Merciadri Luca See http://www.student.montefiore.ulg.ac.be/~merciadri/ I use PGP. If there is an incompatibility problem with your mail client, please contact me. Bad news travels fast. signature.asc Description: OpenPGP digital signature
Re: Aliases with `-'
Sven Joachim wrote: Syntax highlighting in Emacs' shell-script-mode leaves much to be desired, so this is not really a bad sign. Does it work if you leave out the apostrophes? It worked anyway. But emacs confused me. Sorry! -- Merciadri Luca See http://www.student.montefiore.ulg.ac.be/~merciadri/ I use PGP. If there is an incompatibility problem with your mail client, please contact me. signature.asc Description: OpenPGP digital signature
Re: limitar aliases a determinados usuarios
en lo personal eso me sucedió la semana pasada y la unica solución que encontré para hacer eso es instalando mailman Ernesto Baez wrote: 2009/9/9 Ernesto Baez b...@lab.matcom.uh.cu: y quiero que por ejemplo solo juan pueda mandar correos a la lista de escuela. No sé si hay alguna forma de hacer esto. Saludos y gracias por adelantado No sé si se pueda pero. ¿y si instalas un administrador de listas como sería MailMan por ejemplo? -- Saludos, PP http://s2.metaldamage.es/c.php?uid=137706 http://s8.bitefight.com.mx/c.php?uid=43085 Joan Crawford - I, Joan Crawford, I believe in the dollar. Everything I earn, I spend. - http://www.brainyquote.com/quotes/authors/j/joan_crawford.html Pensé en instalar el mailman pero es que me apura mucho hacer eso y tendría que hacer las listas de todos los usuarios de nuevo. -- To UNSUBSCRIBE, email to debian-user-spanish-requ...@lists.debian.org with a subject of unsubscribe. Trouble? Contact listmas...@lists.debian.org
limitar aliases a determinados usuarios
Hola lista: Tengo el siguiente problema, tengo en mi fichero de alias (/etc/aliases) varias listas de usuarios definidos. El problema es que quiero que solo determinados usuarios puedan escribir a esas listas. Por ejemplo en /etc/aliases algo como esto: escuela: juan, pedro, jose, maría y quiero que por ejemplo solo juan pueda mandar correos a la lista de escuela. No sé si hay alguna forma de hacer esto. Saludos y gracias por adelantado -- To UNSUBSCRIBE, email to debian-user-spanish-requ...@lists.debian.org with a subject of unsubscribe. Trouble? Contact listmas...@lists.debian.org
Re: limitar aliases a determinados usuarios
2009/9/9 Ernesto Baez b...@lab.matcom.uh.cu: y quiero que por ejemplo solo juan pueda mandar correos a la lista de escuela. No sé si hay alguna forma de hacer esto. Saludos y gracias por adelantado No sé si se pueda pero. ¿y si instalas un administrador de listas como sería MailMan por ejemplo? -- Saludos, PP Charles de Gaulle - The better I get to know men, the more I find myself loving dogs. - http://www.brainyquote.com/quotes/authors/c/charles_de_gaulle.html -- To UNSUBSCRIBE, email to debian-user-spanish-requ...@lists.debian.org with a subject of unsubscribe. Trouble? Contact listmas...@lists.debian.org
Re: limitar aliases a determinados usuarios
2009/9/9 Ernesto Baez b...@lab.matcom.uh.cu: y quiero que por ejemplo solo juan pueda mandar correos a la lista de escuela. No sé si hay alguna forma de hacer esto. Saludos y gracias por adelantado No sé si se pueda pero. ¿y si instalas un administrador de listas como sería MailMan por ejemplo? -- Saludos, PP http://s2.metaldamage.es/c.php?uid=137706 http://s8.bitefight.com.mx/c.php?uid=43085 Joan Crawford - I, Joan Crawford, I believe in the dollar. Everything I earn, I spend. - http://www.brainyquote.com/quotes/authors/j/joan_crawford.html Pensé en instalar el mailman pero es que me apura mucho hacer eso y tendría que hacer las listas de todos los usuarios de nuevo. -- To UNSUBSCRIBE, email to debian-user-spanish-requ...@lists.debian.org with a subject of unsubscribe. Trouble? Contact listmas...@lists.debian.org
issue with aliases
I just set up a mail server with exim4 and courier imap. I'm using exim4-heavy. Everything is working as it should /except/ aliases. I have all of the aliases added to my /etc/aliases file. However, when I try to send mail to an alias I get the following ndr (Note: I sent the test message from my imap client on our local network. I am able to send and receive all other email from this client): This message was created automatically by mail delivery software. A message that you sent could not be delivered to one or more of its recipients. This is a permanent error. The following address(es) failed: realuser (generated from alias) all relevant MX records point to non-existent hosts -- This is a copy of the message, including all the headers. -- Return-path: cscu...@careplusfinancial.com Received: from [192.168.1.114] by cpfdeb01.careplusfinancial.net with esmtp (Exim 4.69) (envelope-from cscu...@careplusfinancial.com) id 1M1Ru3-0005QA-TY for alias; Tue, 05 May 2009 14:10:15 -0700 Message-ID: 4a00ab2b.1070...@careplusfinancial.com Date: Tue, 05 May 2009 14:10:03 -0700 From: Chris Scully cscu...@careplusfinancial.com Organization: CarePlus Financial User-Agent: Thunderbird 2.0.0.21 (Windows/20090302) MIME-Version: 1.0 To: alias Subject: test Content-Type: text/plain; charset=ISO-8859-1; format=flowed Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit I have double checked the MX records on our network and all of them point to the Debian server running exim. Any advice on how to fix this would be appreciated. Chris
Where do aliases come from?
I have installed the latest stable debian (AMD64) not long ago, and I am
baffled, to say the least by a thing - normally, one of the first things
I do after installing Linux is to hunt down all the helpful aliases
that are set up in /etc/profile, ~/.profile, /etc/profile.d etc etc (I
use ksh) and define just one (ll='ls -lp'). I did the same this time,
but I still find:
# alias
2d='set -f;_2d'
autoload='typeset -fu'
command='command '
fc=hist
float='typeset -lE'
functions='typeset -f'
hash='alias -t --'
history='hist -l'
integer='typeset -li'
ll='ls -lp'
nameref='typeset -n'
nohup='nohup '
r='hist -s'
redirect='command exec'
source='command .'
stop='kill -s STOP'
suspend='kill -s STOP $$'
times='{ { time;} 21;}'
type='whence -v'
Where are they defined - does anybody know?
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Re: Where do aliases come from?
agou wrote:
I have installed the latest stable debian (AMD64) not long ago, and I
am baffled, to say the least by a thing - normally, one of the first
things I do after installing Linux is to hunt down all the helpful
aliases that are set up in /etc/profile, ~/.profile, /etc/profile.d
etc etc (I use ksh) and define just one (ll='ls -lp'). I did the same
this time, but I still find:
# alias
2d='set -f;_2d'
autoload='typeset -fu'
command='command '
fc=hist
float='typeset -lE'
functions='typeset -f'
hash='alias -t --'
history='hist -l'
integer='typeset -li'
ll='ls -lp'
nameref='typeset -n'
nohup='nohup '
r='hist -s'
redirect='command exec'
source='command .'
stop='kill -s STOP'
suspend='kill -s STOP $$'
times='{ { time;} 21;}'
type='whence -v'
Where are they defined - does anybody know?
According to man ksh:
The following aliases are compiled into the shell but can be unset or
redefined:
autoload='typeset -fu'
command='command '
fc=hist
float='typeset -lE'
functions='typeset -f'
hash='alias -t --'
history='hist -l'
integer='typeset -li'
nameref='typeset -n'
nohup='nohup '
r='hist -s'
redirect='command exec'
source='command .'
stop='kill -s STOP'
suspend='kill -s STOP $$'
times='{ { time;} 21;}'
type='whence -v'
--
Kent West )))
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Re: Where do aliases come from?
Kent West wrote: According to man ksh: The following aliases are compiled into the shell but can be unset or redefined: Oh, one of those... Thanks for reading the man page for :-) But it didn't use to be like that; I suppose I can live with them, since I never use them anyway. The ones I really can't tolerate are the ones like rm='rm -i' that you seem to find in most other distributions for people who can't be bothered to read the man pages ;-) -- To UNSUBSCRIBE, email to debian-user-requ...@lists.debian.org with a subject of unsubscribe. Trouble? Contact listmas...@lists.debian.org
Re: ssmtp et /etc/aliases
On Thu, Nov 06, 2008 at 09:01:46AM +0100, mouss [EMAIL PROTECTED] wrote a message of 52 lines which said: PS. Il faudrait peut-être lancer une liste de discussion postfix (et autres) en français? Elle existe : https://listes.cru.fr/sympa/info/smtp-fr -- Lisez la FAQ de la liste avant de poser une question : http://wiki.debian.org/DebFrFrenchLists Vous pouvez aussi ajouter le mot ``spam'' dans vos champs From et Reply-To: To UNSUBSCRIBE, email to [EMAIL PROTECTED] with a subject of unsubscribe. Trouble? Contact [EMAIL PROTECTED]
Re: ssmtp et /etc/aliases
Le 08/11/08 à 13:52, Stephane Bortzmeyer [EMAIL PROTECTED] a écrit : PS. Il faudrait peut-être lancer une liste de discussion postfix (et autres) en français? Elle existe : https://listes.cru.fr/sympa/info/smtp-fr C'est une liste destinée aux postmasters en général, mais pas spécialement à postfix. Dans la proposition de mouss, j'avais compris un équivalent de [EMAIL PROTECTED] en fr. Maintenant, ça se recoupe peut-être trop, et peut-être vaut-il mieux causer postfix sur cette liste (pas forcément gênant pour ceux qui utilisent un autre MTA)... -- Daniel La plus perdue de toutes les journées est celle où l'on a pas ri. Chamfort (pas le chanteur :) -- Lisez la FAQ de la liste avant de poser une question : http://wiki.debian.org/DebFrFrenchLists Vous pouvez aussi ajouter le mot ``spam'' dans vos champs From et Reply-To: To UNSUBSCRIBE, email to [EMAIL PROTECTED] with a subject of unsubscribe. Trouble? Contact [EMAIL PROTECTED]
Re: ssmtp et /etc/aliases
Yves Rutschle wrote: Non, ssmtp *est*la*bonne*solution*: si la transmission ne fonctionne pas, ssmtp indique une erreur au MUA, donc l'utilisateur le sait de suite. et si le MUA s'appelle cron? et si c'est un daemon (script de surveillance, ... etc)? Ensuite, le traitement dépend du MUA: dans thunderbird, on remet le courrier dans ses brouillons, dans mutt on le conserve pour plus tard, etc. On ne perd jamais de courrier avec ssmtp sans le faire exprès. cf plus haut. -- Lisez la FAQ de la liste avant de poser une question : http://wiki.debian.org/DebFrFrenchLists Vous pouvez aussi ajouter le mot ``spam'' dans vos champs From et Reply-To: To UNSUBSCRIBE, email to [EMAIL PROTECTED] with a subject of unsubscribe. Trouble? Contact [EMAIL PROTECTED]
Re: ssmtp et /etc/aliases
Stephane Bortzmeyer wrote: On Thu, Nov 06, 2008 at 09:01:46AM +0100, mouss [EMAIL PROTECTED] wrote a message of 52 lines which said: PS. Il faudrait peut-être lancer une liste de discussion postfix (et autres) en français? Elle existe : https://listes.cru.fr/sympa/info/smtp-fr Il me semblait qu'elle était plus haut niveau. faut que je relise ses specs ;-p -- Lisez la FAQ de la liste avant de poser une question : http://wiki.debian.org/DebFrFrenchLists Vous pouvez aussi ajouter le mot ``spam'' dans vos champs From et Reply-To: To UNSUBSCRIBE, email to [EMAIL PROTECTED] with a subject of unsubscribe. Trouble? Contact [EMAIL PROTECTED]
Re: ssmtp et /etc/aliases
On Thu, Nov 06, 2008 at 09:33:00PM +0100, Yves Rutschle [EMAIL PROTECTED] wrote a message of 30 lines which said: Non, ssmtp *est*la*bonne*solution*: si la transmission ne fonctionne pas, ssmtp indique une erreur au MUA, donc l'utilisateur le sait de suite. Ensuite, le traitement dépend du MUA: Notez que, dan s Debian, il existe aussi un autre « envoyeur » SMTP, msmtp, qui est très simple à configurer et permet de choisir le MTA de sortie en fonction de l'adresse de l'expéditeur (pratique pour les sites qui signent avec DKIM ou techniques du même genre). -- Lisez la FAQ de la liste avant de poser une question : http://wiki.debian.org/DebFrFrenchLists Vous pouvez aussi ajouter le mot ``spam'' dans vos champs From et Reply-To: To UNSUBSCRIBE, email to [EMAIL PROTECTED] with a subject of unsubscribe. Trouble? Contact [EMAIL PROTECTED]
Re: ssmtp et /etc/aliases
Le jeu 06 nov 2008 21:33:00 CET, Yves Rutschle [EMAIL PROTECTED] a écrit : Non, ssmtp *est*la*bonne*solution*: si la transmission ne fonctionne pas, ssmtp indique une erreur au MUA, donc l'utilisateur le sait de suite. Ensuite, le traitement dépend du MUA: dans thunderbird, on remet le courrier dans ses brouillons, dans mutt on le conserve pour plus tard, etc. On ne perd jamais de courrier avec ssmtp sans le faire exprès. Bonjour, J'avais aussi regardé pour remplacer Postfix sur un portable par ssmtp, mais je ne l'ai pas fait à cause de ce souci si l'on n'a pas de connexion réseau au moment où on envoie le courriel : pour les outils de messagerie du genre Thunderbird, pas de problème, mais quid pour tous les messages qui peuvent être générés par les divers outils systèmes : je pense à logcheck, apt-listchanges, debconf/apt (lors de la mise à jour/installation de paquets), apache, etc ? Fred. -- Lisez la FAQ de la liste avant de poser une question : http://wiki.debian.org/DebFrFrenchLists Vous pouvez aussi ajouter le mot ``spam'' dans vos champs From et Reply-To: To UNSUBSCRIBE, email to [EMAIL PROTECTED] with a subject of unsubscribe. Trouble? Contact [EMAIL PROTECTED]
Re: ssmtp et /etc/aliases
Le ven 07 nov 2008 11:36:52 CET, Daniel Caillibaud [EMAIL PROTECTED] a écrit : On parlait de messages système (adressés à root par ex, scripts en crontab co). Quand tu as un ssmtp sur un desktop, c'est juste pour les mails système, le MUA s'adresse directement au vrai smtp (aucun intérêt de passer par ssmtp). Si, cela peut être utile, dans le cas d'une configuration réseau « nomade » ou le serveur SMTP à contacter change suivant la config réseau : c'est + simple de faire une redirection à un seul endroit qu'à X [utilisateurs]... Fred. -- Lisez la FAQ de la liste avant de poser une question : http://wiki.debian.org/DebFrFrenchLists Vous pouvez aussi ajouter le mot ``spam'' dans vos champs From et Reply-To: To UNSUBSCRIBE, email to [EMAIL PROTECTED] with a subject of unsubscribe. Trouble? Contact [EMAIL PROTECTED]
Re: ssmtp et /etc/aliases
On Fri, Nov 07, 2008 at 11:36:52AM +0100, Daniel Caillibaud wrote:
Il me semble qu'SMTP garde en queue les messages qu'il n'arrive pas à
transmettre. Je ne connais pas trop SSMTP mais j'imagine qu'il fait de
même, à savoir tester l'envoi jusqu'à ce qu'il fonctionne.
Non, ssmtp n'est pas un smtp, c'est un faux smtp qui transmet les mails
locaux à un vrai smtp.
Remplacer 'smtp' par 'MTA' dans ces deux paragraphes: SMTP
est un protocole de transport qui ne spécifie pas comment le
MTA doit s'organiser.
Non, ssmtp *est*la*bonne*solution*:
Non ;-)
C'est une solution, pas forcément la bonne.
Ok, apparement j'ai raté un bon du problème, et peut-être
que j'ai faux.
Quand tu as un ssmtp sur un desktop, c'est juste pour les mails système, le
MUA s'adresse directement au vrai smtp (aucun intérêt de passer par ssmtp).
Si, l'intérêt c'est pour les MUA qui ne parlent pas SMTP
(mutt par exemple).
Par contre et pour en revenir à la question de départ,
autant ssmtp est parfait pour un desktop *connecté*, autant
il ne l'est plus dès lors que l'on n'est pas connecté en
permanance, puisque par définition il ne gère pas les
queues.
Il faut donc un MTA complet.
Et pour finir ma contribution, je me contenterai de suggérer
le choix par défaut de Debian, Exim, qui a le bon goût de se
configurer en moins de 5 minutes ('dpkg exim4-config').
Y.
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Re: ssmtp et /etc/aliases
Bonjour, Il me semble qu'SMTP garde en queue les messages qu'il n'arrive pas à transmettre. Je ne connais pas trop SSMTP mais j'imagine qu'il fait de même, à savoir tester l'envoi jusqu'à ce qu'il fonctionne. -- Florian MANACH Frédéric BOITEUX a écrit : Le jeu 06 nov 2008 21:33:00 CET, Yves Rutschle [EMAIL PROTECTED] a écrit : Non, ssmtp *est*la*bonne*solution*: si la transmission ne fonctionne pas, ssmtp indique une erreur au MUA, donc l'utilisateur le sait de suite. Ensuite, le traitement dépend du MUA: dans thunderbird, on remet le courrier dans ses brouillons, dans mutt on le conserve pour plus tard, etc. On ne perd jamais de courrier avec ssmtp sans le faire exprès. Bonjour, J'avais aussi regardé pour remplacer Postfix sur un portable par ssmtp, mais je ne l'ai pas fait à cause de ce souci si l'on n'a pas de connexion réseau au moment où on envoie le courriel : pour les outils de messagerie du genre Thunderbird, pas de problème, mais quid pour tous les messages qui peuvent être générés par les divers outils systèmes : je pense à logcheck, apt-listchanges, debconf/apt (lors de la mise à jour/installation de paquets), apache, etc ? Fred. -- Lisez la FAQ de la liste avant de poser une question : http://wiki.debian.org/DebFrFrenchLists Vous pouvez aussi ajouter le mot ``spam'' dans vos champs From et Reply-To: To UNSUBSCRIBE, email to [EMAIL PROTECTED] with a subject of unsubscribe. Trouble? Contact [EMAIL PROTECTED]
Re: ssmtp et /etc/aliases
Florian MANACH a écrit : Bonjour, Il me semble qu'SMTP garde en queue les messages qu'il n'arrive pas à transmettre. Je ne connais pas trop SSMTP mais j'imagine qu'il fait de même, à savoir tester l'envoi jusqu'à ce qu'il fonctionne. Non, ssmtp n'est pas un smtp, c'est un faux smtp qui transmet les mails locaux à un vrai smtp. Non, ssmtp *est*la*bonne*solution*: Non ;-) C'est une solution, pas forcément la bonne. si la transmission ne fonctionne pas, ssmtp indique une erreur au MUA, On parlait de messages système (adressés à root par ex, scripts en crontab co). Quand tu as un ssmtp sur un desktop, c'est juste pour les mails système, le MUA s'adresse directement au vrai smtp (aucun intérêt de passer par ssmtp). -- Daniel -- Lisez la FAQ de la liste avant de poser une question : http://wiki.debian.org/DebFrFrenchLists Vous pouvez aussi ajouter le mot ``spam'' dans vos champs From et Reply-To: To UNSUBSCRIBE, email to [EMAIL PROTECTED] with a subject of unsubscribe. Trouble? Contact [EMAIL PROTECTED]
Re: ssmtp et /etc/aliases
Sébastien Barthélemy wrote: Bonjour j'aimerais recevoir les mails des comptes locaux de quelques ordis (notamment les mails envoyés par logcheck) sur mon adresse mail via le smtp de mon fournisseur j'avais réussi à le faire avec postfix et un fichier /etc/aliases du type : root: seb seb: [EMAIL PROTECTED] Mais je n'ai jamais vraiment compris les détails de postfix, La config par défaut est suffisante pour les taches classiques. et la config de postfix n'est pas si difficle tant qu'on ne veut pas faire des choses difficiles ou peu communes. PS. Il faudrait peut-être lancer une liste de discussion postfix (et autres) en français? et j'ai l'impression de sortir l'artilerie lourde. Peut-être, mais si tu ne veux pas perdre des messages, il faut une gestion de queue de mails, et aujourd'hui, cela veut dire un vrai MTA. sinon, dès qu'il y a une erreur (connexion réseau, serveur du fournisseur surchargé, etc), ton cron ne sait quoi en faire, il te fait un petit log et puis s'en vont... Je viens de découvrir une alternative: ssmtp (http://packages.debian.org/fr/lenny/ssmtp) qui semble faire juste ce que je veux : envoyer des mails via smtp. Mais, il ne prend pas /etc/aliases en compte. Est-t-il quand même possible de transférer les mails locaux ? En ce qui concerne logcheck, je peux spécifier directement [EMAIL PROTECTED] dans /etc/logcheck.conf, donc pas de problème. Merci d'avance pour les astuces -- Lisez la FAQ de la liste avant de poser une question : http://wiki.debian.org/DebFrFrenchLists Vous pouvez aussi ajouter le mot ``spam'' dans vos champs From et Reply-To: To UNSUBSCRIBE, email to [EMAIL PROTECTED] with a subject of unsubscribe. Trouble? Contact [EMAIL PROTECTED]
Re: ssmtp et /etc/aliases
Bonjour, 2008/11/6 Sébastien Barthélemy [EMAIL PROTECTED]: Bonjour j'aimerais recevoir les mails des comptes locaux de quelques ordis (notamment les mails envoyés par logcheck) sur mon adresse mail via le smtp de mon fournisseur j'avais réussi à le faire avec postfix et un fichier /etc/aliases du type : root: seb seb: [EMAIL PROTECTED] Mais je n'ai jamais vraiment compris les détails de postfix, et j'ai l'impression de sortir l'artilerie lourde. Je viens de découvrir une alternative: ssmtp (http://packages.debian.org/fr/lenny/ssmtp) qui semble faire juste ce que je veux : envoyer des mails via smtp. Mais, il ne prend pas /etc/aliases en compte. Est-t-il quand même possible de transférer les mails locaux ? En ce qui concerne logcheck, je peux spécifier directement [EMAIL PROTECTED] dans /etc/logcheck.conf, donc pas de problème. Merci d'avance pour les astuces -- Sébastien Barthélemy ssmtp ne gère pas le fichier /etc/aliases il faut indiquer l'adresse mail directement dans le fichier ssmtp.conf. jluc -- Lisez la FAQ de la liste avant de poser une question : http://wiki.debian.org/DebFrFrenchLists Vous pouvez aussi ajouter le mot ``spam'' dans vos champs From et Reply-To: To UNSUBSCRIBE, email to [EMAIL PROTECTED] with a subject of unsubscribe. Trouble? Contact [EMAIL PROTECTED]
Re: ssmtp et /etc/aliases
Le jeudi 06 novembre 08 à 0:15, Sébastien Barthélemy a écrit : | Bonjour Bonjour, | j'aimerais recevoir les mails des comptes locaux de quelques ordis | (notamment les mails envoyés par logcheck) sur mon adresse mail via le | smtp de mon fournisseur [...] | Mais, il ne prend pas /etc/aliases en compte. Est-t-il quand même | possible de transférer les mails locaux ? Je le fais chez moi, j'ai configuré les alias dans /etc/ssmtp/revaliases | Merci d'avance pour les astuces Pas de quoi. | Sébastien Barthélemy Seb -- Lisez la FAQ de la liste avant de poser une question : http://wiki.debian.org/DebFrFrenchLists Vous pouvez aussi ajouter le mot ``spam'' dans vos champs From et Reply-To: To UNSUBSCRIBE, email to [EMAIL PROTECTED] with a subject of unsubscribe. Trouble? Contact [EMAIL PROTECTED]
Re: ssmtp et /etc/aliases
mouss a écrit : PS. Il faudrait peut-être lancer une liste de discussion postfix (et autres) en français? J'ai des doutes sur le et autres..., pour avoir d'autres ml d'admin où les gens ont postfix ou qmail, le troll velu surgit dans chaque thread parlant de MTA ;-) OK pour une ml postfix-fr ! (je veux dire par là je m'abonne et j'essaie de lire et de répondre de tps en tps). l'impression de sortir l'artilerie lourde. Peut-être, mais si tu ne veux pas perdre des messages, il faut une gestion de queue de mails... Tout ça est vrai, mais pour une machine desktop qui envoie 2 mails par jour, un MTA est quand même de l'artillerie lourde, et ssmtp me semble un très bon choix (pas très grave si on perd un mail de tps en tps, c'est quand même rare, sauf si le smtp utilisé a souvent des hoquets). Bref, comme d'hab, faut évaluer les risques/avantages/inconvénients de ssmtp vs MTA. -- Daniel -- Lisez la FAQ de la liste avant de poser une question : http://wiki.debian.org/DebFrFrenchLists Vous pouvez aussi ajouter le mot ``spam'' dans vos champs From et Reply-To: To UNSUBSCRIBE, email to [EMAIL PROTECTED] with a subject of unsubscribe. Trouble? Contact [EMAIL PROTECTED]
Re: ssmtp et /etc/aliases
Daniel Caillibaud wrote: mouss a écrit : PS. Il faudrait peut-être lancer une liste de discussion postfix (et autres) en français? J'ai des doutes sur le et autres..., pour avoir d'autres ml d'admin où les gens ont postfix ou qmail, le troll velu surgit dans chaque thread parlant de MTA ;-) zut, faut que j'apprenne à exprimer ce que je veux dire sans trucs, autres et les bidules du genre ;-) je voulais dire ce qui va avec postfix. mais c'est pas mieux non plus, car trop vague. OK pour une ml postfix-fr ! (je veux dire par là je m'abonne et j'essaie de lire et de répondre de tps en tps). je vais regarder... l'impression de sortir l'artilerie lourde. Peut-être, mais si tu ne veux pas perdre des messages, il faut une gestion de queue de mails... Tout ça est vrai, mais pour une machine desktop qui envoie 2 mails par jour, un MTA est quand même de l'artillerie lourde, et ssmtp me semble un très bon choix (pas très grave si on perd un mail de tps en tps, c'est quand même rare, sauf si le smtp utilisé a souvent des hoquets). il y a un besoin pour quelque chose d'intermédiaire: un soft qui peut réessayer en cas de problème, mais qui ne fait que ça. dans le cas présent, on peut écrire un petit script qui lance ssmtp/mini_sendmail/... Comme il s'agit de messages système, il n'y a pas de problème de droits, ce qui simplifie les choses (tiens, je recommence avec mes bidules. va falloir que je trouve un stage intensif à la sorbonne:). Bref, comme d'hab, faut évaluer les risques/avantages/inconvénients de ssmtp vs MTA. chui dakor. -- Lisez la FAQ de la liste avant de poser une question : http://wiki.debian.org/DebFrFrenchLists Vous pouvez aussi ajouter le mot ``spam'' dans vos champs From et Reply-To: To UNSUBSCRIBE, email to [EMAIL PROTECTED] with a subject of unsubscribe. Trouble? Contact [EMAIL PROTECTED]
Re: ssmtp et /etc/aliases
Le 6 novembre 2008 09:01, mouss [EMAIL PROTECTED] a écrit : et j'ai l'impression de sortir l'artilerie lourde. Peut-être, mais si tu ne veux pas perdre des messages, il faut une gestion de queue de mails ok, ok, je m'en tiendrai à postfix. Vu comme cela, ssmtp est vraiment trop simple. Merci à tous pour vos conseils. Je reviendrai lorsque j'essaierai de faire passer postfix par un SMTP sécurisé (comme gmail/laposte) ;) -- Sébastien -- Lisez la FAQ de la liste avant de poser une question : http://wiki.debian.org/DebFrFrenchLists Vous pouvez aussi ajouter le mot ``spam'' dans vos champs From et Reply-To: To UNSUBSCRIBE, email to [EMAIL PROTECTED] with a subject of unsubscribe. Trouble? Contact [EMAIL PROTECTED]
Re: ssmtp et /etc/aliases
On Thu, Nov 06, 2008 at 10:15:58AM +0100, mouss wrote: Peut-être, mais si tu ne veux pas perdre des messages, il faut une gestion de queue de mails... ssmtp me semble un très bon choix (pas très grave si on perd un mail de tps en tps, c'est quand même rare, sauf si le smtp utilisé a souvent des hoquets). il y a un besoin pour quelque chose d'intermédiaire: un soft qui peut réessayer en cas de problème, mais qui ne fait que ça. Non, ssmtp *est*la*bonne*solution*: si la transmission ne fonctionne pas, ssmtp indique une erreur au MUA, donc l'utilisateur le sait de suite. Ensuite, le traitement dépend du MUA: dans thunderbird, on remet le courrier dans ses brouillons, dans mutt on le conserve pour plus tard, etc. On ne perd jamais de courrier avec ssmtp sans le faire exprès. Y. -- Lisez la FAQ de la liste avant de poser une question : http://wiki.debian.org/DebFrFrenchLists Vous pouvez aussi ajouter le mot ``spam'' dans vos champs From et Reply-To: To UNSUBSCRIBE, email to [EMAIL PROTECTED] with a subject of unsubscribe. Trouble? Contact [EMAIL PROTECTED]
ssmtp et /etc/aliases
Bonjour j'aimerais recevoir les mails des comptes locaux de quelques ordis (notamment les mails envoyés par logcheck) sur mon adresse mail via le smtp de mon fournisseur j'avais réussi à le faire avec postfix et un fichier /etc/aliases du type : root: seb seb: [EMAIL PROTECTED] Mais je n'ai jamais vraiment compris les détails de postfix, et j'ai l'impression de sortir l'artilerie lourde. Je viens de découvrir une alternative: ssmtp (http://packages.debian.org/fr/lenny/ssmtp) qui semble faire juste ce que je veux : envoyer des mails via smtp. Mais, il ne prend pas /etc/aliases en compte. Est-t-il quand même possible de transférer les mails locaux ? En ce qui concerne logcheck, je peux spécifier directement [EMAIL PROTECTED] dans /etc/logcheck.conf, donc pas de problème. Merci d'avance pour les astuces -- Sébastien Barthélemy -- Lisez la FAQ de la liste avant de poser une question : http://wiki.debian.org/DebFrFrenchLists Vous pouvez aussi ajouter le mot ``spam'' dans vos champs From et Reply-To: To UNSUBSCRIBE, email to [EMAIL PROTECTED] with a subject of unsubscribe. Trouble? Contact [EMAIL PROTECTED]
Re: ssmtp et /etc/aliases
Sébastien Barthélemy a écrit : Bonjour Bonjour, j'aimerais recevoir les mails des comptes locaux de quelques ordis (notamment les mails envoyés par logcheck) sur mon adresse mail via le smtp de mon fournisseur j'avais réussi à le faire avec postfix et un fichier /etc/aliases du type : root: seb seb: [EMAIL PROTECTED] Mais je n'ai jamais vraiment compris les détails de postfix, Très bon choix pour Postfix et j'ai l'impression de sortir l'artilerie lourde. Je viens de découvrir une alternative: ssmtp (http://packages.debian.org/fr/lenny/ssmtp) qui semble faire juste ce que je veux : envoyer des mails via smtp. Mais, il ne prend pas /etc/aliases en compte. Est-t-il quand même possible de transférer les mails locaux ? D'après la page http://packages.debian.org/fr/lenny/ssmtp, ssmtp ne permet que transferer des mails vers un serveur SMTP. C'est tout. WARNING: the above is all it does; it does not receive mail, expand aliases or manage a queue. That belongs on a mail hub with a system administrator Il y a de toute façons un MTA d'installé par défaut sur les ditrib' Linux. Il s'agit de Postfix sous Ubuntu, Exim sous Debian, SendMail sous Fedora/CentOS. Donc installer Postfix à la place d'Exim n'est pas forcément si lourd. En ce qui concerne logcheck, je peux spécifier directement [EMAIL PROTECTED] dans /etc/logcheck.conf, donc pas de problème. Merci d'avance pour les astuces De rien ;) Kévin C -- Lisez la FAQ de la liste avant de poser une question : http://wiki.debian.org/DebFrFrenchLists Vous pouvez aussi ajouter le mot ``spam'' dans vos champs From et Reply-To: To UNSUBSCRIBE, email to [EMAIL PROTECTED] with a subject of unsubscribe. Trouble? Contact [EMAIL PROTECTED]
Re: Creating aliases/shorcuts for programs in linux
On Feb 23, 12:40 am, Amit Uttamchandani [EMAIL PROTECTED] wrote: I guess I use the ln command right? And also how do I change icons for these apps? I will probably set up a lightweight WM for them, something like fluxbox or DWM. So how is changing icons in Linux done? If you are going the fluxbox route, why not just configure keys, like, e.g., Ctrl-Alt-f starts Firefox, etc? If you want icons on a lightweight window manager, I think idesk is what people use. I personally just configure key commands. http://fluxbox-wiki.org/index.php/Howto_idesk -- To UNSUBSCRIBE, email to [EMAIL PROTECTED] with a subject of unsubscribe. Trouble? Contact [EMAIL PROTECTED]
Re: Creating aliases/shorcuts for programs in linux [SOLVED]
If you are going the fluxbox route, why not just configure keys, like, e.g., Ctrl-Alt-f starts Firefox, etc? If you want icons on a lightweight window manager, I think idesk is what people use. I personally just configure key commands. http://fluxbox-wiki.org/index.php/Howto_idesk Thanks for the reply. The reason I can't do key bindings is because the users (parents) will not remember them. However, I solved the issue by installing the ROX file manage. And may I say a beautiful application. Then I simply create a simpling to ~/apps for the apps that I need and right click on it to and choose Set Icon... Couldn't be easier... Thanks, Amit -- To UNSUBSCRIBE, email to [EMAIL PROTECTED] with a subject of unsubscribe. Trouble? Contact [EMAIL PROTECTED]
Re: Creating aliases/shorcuts for programs in linux
On Sat, Feb 23, 2008 at 07:37:57AM -0800, BartlebyScrivener wrote: On Feb 23, 12:40 am, Amit Uttamchandani [EMAIL PROTECTED] wrote: I guess I use the ln command right? And also how do I change icons for these apps? I will probably set up a lightweight WM for them, something like fluxbox or DWM. So how is changing icons in Linux done? If you are going the fluxbox route, why not just configure keys, like, e.g., Ctrl-Alt-f starts Firefox, etc? If you want icons on a lightweight window manager, I think idesk is what people use. I personally just configure key commands. http://fluxbox-wiki.org/index.php/Howto_idesk Or, use icewm. Also light weight but with a 1 or 2 row taskbar (icon buttons set with a simple text file). Back in my OS/2 days, I had a button on the desktop that was labled Mom's Menu. It ran a REXX file that presented a simple menu for common applications: 1. WordPerfect 2. Paradox 3. Write new church bulletin 4. Edit this week's church bulletin 5. Church register = Enter your choice: _ I had a similar menu for my Dad. Neither one of them could figure out to click on an icon, even if I put the same functionality in icons Mom's Folder or Dad's Folder on the workspace (whatever OS/2 called the root window). Doug. -- To UNSUBSCRIBE, email to [EMAIL PROTECTED] with a subject of unsubscribe. Trouble? Contact [EMAIL PROTECTED]
Re: Creating aliases/shorcuts for programs in linux [SOLVED]
On Feb 23, 5:00 pm, Amit Uttamchandani [EMAIL PROTECTED] wrote: However, I solved the issue by installing the ROX file manage. And may I say a beautiful application. Then I simply create a simpling to ~/apps for the apps that I need and right click on it to and choose Set Icon... Couldn't be easier... I keep meaning to try ROX. Thanks, rd -- To UNSUBSCRIBE, email to [EMAIL PROTECTED] with a subject of unsubscribe. Trouble? Contact [EMAIL PROTECTED]
Creating aliases/shorcuts for programs in linux
Hey guys, Recently moved from Mac OS X to Debian Etch and I was curios as to how to create aliases/shortcuts to programs. I wanted to set up Debian etch for my parents and in their home folder there is going to be a folder called apps. In there will be all the aliases/shortcuts for programs such as firefox, pidgin, openoffice, etc. I guess I use the ln command right? And also how do I change icons for these apps? I will probably set up a lightweight WM for them, something like fluxbox or DWM. So how is changing icons in Linux done? Thanks, Amit -- To UNSUBSCRIBE, email to [EMAIL PROTECTED] with a subject of unsubscribe. Trouble? Contact [EMAIL PROTECTED]
Re: [OT] Using aliases or functions in bash script
Am 2008-01-26 17:19:04, schrieb Daniel Dickinson: and other-script.sh has #!/bin/bash source ~/.bashrc this is not needed, since the script is non-interactive and source ~/.bashrc automaticaly Thanks, Greetings and nice Day Michelle Konzack -- Linux-User #280138 with the Linux Counter, http://counter.li.org/ # Debian GNU/Linux Consultant # Michelle Konzack Apt. 917 ICQ #328449886 50, rue de Soultz MSN LinuxMichi 0033/6/6192519367100 Strasbourg/France IRC #Debian (irc.icq.com) signature.pgp Description: Digital signature
Re: [OT] Using aliases or functions in bash script
Am 2008-01-26 16:48:18, schrieb T o n g:
Here is the full OP -- let me try for the last time:
???
An advanced bash alias expansion question --
How can I use my aliases or functions in my bash script?
I have the following alias and function defined in my ~/.bashrc:
$ alias rd
alias rd='rmdir'
$ type dt
dt is a function
dt ()
{
pushd +$1
}
How can I use them in my script?
dt here are spome parameters
rd ${HOME}
Looking through the man pages, I think the following content is related
to my question:
Aliases are not expanded when the shell is not interactive, unless the
expand_aliases shell option is set using shopt.
[-+]O [shopt_option]
shopt_option is one of the shell options accepted by the
shopt builtin (see SHELL BUILTIN COMMANDS below).If
shopt_option is present, -O sets the value of that option; +O
unsets it. If shopt_option is not supplied, the names and
values of the shell options accepted by shopt are printed on
the standard output. If the invocation option is +O, the
output is displayed in a format that may be reused as input.
expand_aliases
If set, aliases are expanded as described above under
ALIASES. This option is enabled by default for interac-
tive shells.
And this is what I've tried:
$ bash -c 'shopt -s expand_aliases; alias rd'
bash: line 0: alias: rd: not found
[ '~/.bashrc' ]-
shopt -s expand_aliases
alias rd=rmdir
dt()
{
pushd +$1
}
Am I hitting a new bug or I'm doing something wrong? Please comment,
otherwise I'm going to file a bug report.
shopt must be executed before ANY other commands in ~/.bash_login or
~/.bashrc and the function should be in ~/.bashrc since it is read
by non-login-shells
Note: I do this successfuly since years...
Thanks, Greetings and nice Day
Michelle Konzack
Systemadministrator
Tamay Dogan Network
Debian GNU/Linux Consultant
--
Linux-User #280138 with the Linux Counter, http://counter.li.org/
# Debian GNU/Linux Consultant #
Michelle Konzack Apt. 917 ICQ #328449886
50, rue de Soultz MSN LinuxMichi
0033/6/6192519367100 Strasbourg/France IRC #Debian (irc.icq.com)
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Re: Using aliases or functions in bash script
On Tue, Jan 29, 2008 at 05:48:00PM +0100, Александър Л. Димитров wrote: to be able to handle your daily work quicker. Aliases shouldn't be used in shellscripts because: a) it makes them more difficult to understand (aliases often have very unintuitive names) for other people Well, that's no argument against aliases. You can give functions cryptic names as well. b) it makes the whole script unportable (someone else won't have the same aliases in place) The same goes for functions if they are defined outseide the script. If whatever you're trying to automate doesn't require any handling of arguments (other than tacking them onto the end of whatever), aliases are just as good as functions. I prefer functions in general, but I'm a programmer. --D. signature.asc Description: Digital signature
Re: [OT] Using aliases or functions in bash script
Quoth William Pursell:
Another solution is to put the function and alias definitions
before the check for the interactive shell. I think that
a better solution is to define PS1 to fool the test as above,
but I don't think that is a particularly good solution either.
Probably better would be to move the function/alias
definitions into a .bash_functions file, source
that from .bashrc and from any scripts that want
the functions and aliases.
I think alias definitions should best live in their own file and be sourced from
.${SHELL}rc. This way you can
a) share aliases among different (POSIX) shells
b) have a modular way of handling aliases (even within scripts)
I've outsourced everything, my .zshrc just ties it together (there's a file for
functions, one for the environment and one for aliases) and sets some stuff that
wouldn't make sense otherwise (like history and stuff).
Aleks
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Re: Using aliases or functions in bash script
Quoth T o n g: On Sat, 26 Jan 2008 17:12:56 +, Tzafrir Cohen wrote: I'm wondering if you have read my OP or not. Read it again pls. Yes I have. Use functions. Don't use aliases. Despite its limitations, why one can't use aliases in scripts? This sounds like Don't use #define in C to me (again, despite alias' limitations please) Aliases are just there for your (the shell's users') convenience. This way you can say something like alias pss='ps aux | grep' to be able to handle your daily work quicker. Aliases shouldn't be used in shellscripts because: a) it makes them more difficult to understand (aliases often have very unintuitive names) for other people b) it makes the whole script unportable (someone else won't have the same aliases in place) OK, those are reasons for just ignoring those two concerns, like... That's just my script foo that accomplishes bar and locally, on my machine, nobody else is involved, no other machines are to be used, the environment stays the same... Does it? Think again. I think it was Heraklit who said: You can't ever go through the same river twice. The river always changes - so do you. This may be a bit philosophical, but it's rather true in the end. MY aliases change all the time. So does my environment. When I want to use a script more than once, I usually make sure it doesn't depend on anything I'm frequently (more than once or twice a year) modifying. Just my two cents ;-) Aleks signature.asc Description: Digital signature
Re: [OT] Using aliases or functions in bash script
On Sat, 26 Jan 2008 23:40:02 +, William Pursell wrote: An advanced bash alias expansion question -- How can I use my aliases or functions in my bash script? PS. I even tried the following but it didn't work either: $ bash -O expand_aliases -c '. ~/.bashrc; (rd /tmp/ttt; alias rd; dt bin; type dt)' The point of my previous response, which I complete failed to make (and in fact didn't realize until after I'd sent it...) is that your .bashrc probably includes a line of the form: [ -z $PS1 ] return So that the bashrc returns prior to defining any aliases. . . OMG, that's EXACTLY the reason! NEARLY THREE YEARS[1] has the question been haunting me, and you solve it, by identifying my culprit line via looking through a crystal ball :-). Thanks a million William!!! [1] http://unix.derkeiler.com/Newsgroups/comp.unix.shell/2005-06/0416.html -- Tong (remove underscore(s) to reply) http://xpt.sourceforge.net/techdocs/ http://xpt.sourceforge.net/tools/ -- To UNSUBSCRIBE, email to [EMAIL PROTECTED] with a subject of unsubscribe. Trouble? Contact [EMAIL PROTECTED]
Re: [OT] Using aliases or functions in bash script
On Sat, 26 Jan 2008 14:59:35 -0800, Andrew Sackville-West wrote: Instead of complaining pointlessly, maybe you could have said something like: . . . Sorry about my attitude, I was very disappointed that I carefully wrote the OP but nobody *seems* to read it carefully. Thanks again to *anyone* who offered help. No. I don't want to go back into my archive of 20,000 d-u posts and find your OP and read it in close detail now that we are several levels into this thread. Do you see? You are asking for help but asking the helpers to jump through hoops because you are unwilling to repeat yourself. . . Hmm..., maybe it is time to view the d-u posts on news client via gmane (gmane.org) now. You will love it, and people don't need to quote or repeat excessively. Thanks -- Tong (remove underscore(s) to reply) http://xpt.sourceforge.net/techdocs/ http://xpt.sourceforge.net/tools/ -- To UNSUBSCRIBE, email to [EMAIL PROTECTED] with a subject of unsubscribe. Trouble? Contact [EMAIL PROTECTED]
