Re: FCC Part 15 and U.S. Safety dates?
Hi David, Part 15, first known as the Low Power Rules in the 1930's, has been around since 1949 or so. Originally unlicensed transmitters were ok as long as their field strength was 15 uV/m or less at a distance lamda/2pi, lambda being wavelength. As the electronics industry grew and radio interference sources proliferated, FCC modified and added to the requirements, first with radiated and line conducted emissions for receivers in the 30-890 Mc range (they hadn't perfected the MHz yet), then with product based limits for garage door openers, anti-pilferage devices, toys and walkie talkies, etc. In 1976 a Notice of Proposed Rule Making (NPRM) Docket 20780 was released, proposing additional categories of devices to be regulated , including data processing equipment, and relaxing the lamda/2pi limit. By the time the docket was placed into the Rules in 1979, references to other devices was eliminated and the first version of the digital device rules went into effect. best regards Tom On Oct 10, 2007, at 7:19 PM, David Lohbeck wrote: hELLO, Does anyone know when the FCC rules (part 15) went into effect (1982)? Also, was there a date that a U.S. safety law WAS enacted and by who (OSHA)? Thanks,, Dave Lohbeck _ Check out http://us.rd.yahoo.com/evt= 1201/*http://autos.yahoo.com/new_cars.h ml;_ylc=X3oDMTE5NWVzZGVyBF9TAzk3MTA3MDc BHNlYwNtYWlsdGFncwRzbGsDYXV0b3MtbmV3Y2Fy the hottest 2008 models today at Yahoo! Autos. - --- This message is from the IEEE Product Safety Engineering Society emc-pstc discussion list. Website: http://www.ieee-pses.org/ To post a message to the list, send your e-mail to emc-p...@ieee.org Instructions: http://listserv.ieee.org/request/user-guide.html List rules: http://www.ieee-pses.org/listrules.html For help, send mail to the list administrators: Scott Douglas emcp...@ptcnh.net Mike Cantwell mcantw...@ieee.org For policy questions, send mail to: Jim Bacher: j.bac...@ieee.org David Heald: emc-p...@daveheald.com All emc-pstc postings are archived and searchable on the web at: http://www.ieeecommunities.org/emc-pstc __ This e-mail has been scanned by MCI Managed Email Content Service, using Skeptic(tm) technology powered by MessageLabs. For more information on MCI's Managed Email Content Service, visit http://www.mci.com. __ - This message is from the IEEE Product Safety Engineering Society emc-pstc discussion list. Website: http://www.ieee-pses.org/ To post a message to the list, send your e-mail to emc-p...@ieee.org Instructions: http://listserv.ieee.org/request/user-guide.html List rules: http://www.ieee-pses.org/listrules.html For help, send mail to the list administrators: Scott Douglas emcp...@ptcnh.net Mike Cantwell mcantw...@ieee.org For policy questions, send mail to: Jim Bacher: j.bac...@ieee.org David Heald: emc-p...@daveheald.com All emc-pstc postings are archived and searchable on the web at: http://www.ieeecommunities.org/emc-pstc
RE: FCC Part 15 and U.S. Safety dates?
While I am waiting for my test sample to (finally) die... OSHA does NOT mandate any EMC requirements through the NRTL program. OSHA has adopted the FDA guidelines for RF-emitting devices used in the work place. OSHA bases these limits on FDA guidelines, which also establishes the limits used by other federal agencies. Some limits are codified in various CFR sections. I am not aware of any SAR-related material in the NEC. The American governmental bureaucracy is confusing, but here is my synopsis of the part of this mess that could be considered related to SAR-based stuff: OSHA = Dept of Labor - concerned with work-place safety, implements the NRTL program FCC = independent federal agency - concerned with preserving the spectrum CDRH = FDA = Dept of Health and Human Services - the FDA in particular is focused on 'technical' safety, while the HHS is concerned with direct services and public welfare CPSC - independent federal agency - legally authorized to regulate the marketing of all consumer-related materials except guns, drugs, food, and vehicles. The people that your lawyers will talk to if your device bakes a human organ. Department of Defense (DOD) - RF energy + biology research (Brooks AFB) - data has been used by FDA EPA - 'wannabe' in the RF safety field - not a 'full' cabinet-level agency; ignore them. incomplete chronology: 1968- Radiation Control for Health and Safety Act - mostly to limit ionizing radiation 1969 - National Environmental Policy Act - an ambiguos and open-ended text that allows the EPA to get involved in anything for any reason. 1971- OSHA issued 29 CFR 1910.97 1985 - FCC adopts 1982 ANSI standard - must now consider effects of RF on enviroment 1992 - new standard for RF exposure ANSI/IEEE C95.1-1992 1995 - FCC updates CFR to include ANSI/IEEE C95.1-1992 exposure limits 1999 - formal filing for FCC to adopt CISPR 22 emissions limits 2001 - updated CFR formally released w/CISPR 22 harmonization Other than the SAR-based stuff, it should be noted that, outside of vehicle, medical, aviation, and military, there is no generic requirements for EMC-related functional safety of consumer goods in American code. luck, Brian -Original Message- Also, was there a date that a U.S. safety law WAS enacted and by who (OSHA)? Thanks,, Dave Lohbeck - This message is from the IEEE Product Safety Engineering Society emc-pstc discussion list.Website: http://www.ieee-pses.org/ To post a message to the list, send your e-mail to emc-p...@ieee.org Instructions: http://listserv.ieee.org/request/user-guide.html List rules: http://www.ieee-pses.org/listrules.html For help, send mail to the list administrators: Scott Douglas emcp...@ptcnh.net Mike Cantwell mcantw...@ieee.org For policy questions, send mail to: Jim Bacher: j.bac...@ieee.org David Heald:emc-p...@daveheald.com All emc-pstc postings are archived and searchable on the web at: http://www.ieeecommunities.org/emc-pstc __ This e-mail has been scanned by MCI Managed Email Content Service, using Skeptic(tm) technology powered by MessageLabs. For more information on MCI's Managed Email Content Service, visit http://www.mci.com. __
RE: FCC Part 15 and U.S. Safety dates?
Some brief history on OSHA and NRTL program. http://www.osha.gov/dts/otpca/nrtl/nrtl/slide18.html A bit more detail is at: http://a257.g.akamaitech.net/7/257/2422/01jan20051800/edocket.access.gpo .gov/2005/05-22630.htm (this link might wrap around in e-mail...go to item B named B. Why Did OSHA Develop the NRTL Program?) Thanks, Kaz kazimier_gawrzy...@dell.com From: emc-p...@ieee.org [mailto:emc-p...@ieee.org] On Behalf Of Jim Bacher Sent: Friday, October 12, 2007 7:49 AM To: David Lohbeck; emc-p...@ieee.org Subject: RE: FCC Part 15 and U.S. Safety dates? Dave, I am not sure when OSHA, NEC or others put it into place the safety requirements, but I believe the NRTL program was started in the area of late 1987 or early 1988. So the requirement for a product used in the work place to have a safety certification would have had to been in place by then. Below are a couple key items. OSHA's rules say: 1910.155(c)(3)(iv)(B) Equipment is labeled if there is attached to it a label, symbol, or other identifying mark of a nationally recognized testing laboratory which makes periodic inspections of the production of such equipment, and whose labeling indicates compliance with nationally recognized standards or tests to determine safe use in a specified manner; 1910.155(c)(3)(iv)(C) Equipment is accepted if it has been inspected and found by a nationally recognized testing laboratory to conform to specified plans or to procedures of applicable codes; and 1910.155(c)(3)(iv)(D) Equipment is certified if it has been tested and found by a nationally recognized testing laboratory to meet nationally recognized standards or to be safe for use in a specified manner or is of a kind whose production is periodically inspected by a nationally recognized testing laboratory, and if it bears a label, tag, or other record of certification. NEC says: 90-7. Examination of Equipment for Safety. For specific items of equipment and materials referred to in this Code, examinations for safety made under standard conditions will provide a basis for approval where the record is made generally available through promulgation by organizations properly equipped and qualified for experimental testing, inspections of the run of goods at factories, and service-value determination through field inspections. This avoids the necessity for repetition of examinations by different examiners, frequently with inadequate facilities for such work, and the confusion that would result from conflicting reports as to the suitability of devices and materials examined for a given purpose. Oregon says: 479.610 Sale or disposal of uncertified or unevaluated electrical product prohibited. Except as provided under ORS 479.540, no person shall sell or dispose of by gift or otherwise in connection with the person's business an electrical product that is not certified or evaluated under the requirements of ORS 479.510 to 479.945. [1959c.406 s.9; 1981 c.815 s.12; 1995 c.706 s.2] URL for the State of Oregon: http://landru.leg.state.or.us/ors/479.html Also, was there a date that a U.S. safety law WAS enacted and by who (OSHA)? Thanks,, Dave Lohbeck - This message is from the IEEE Product Safety Engineering Society emc-pstc discussion list.Website: http://www.ieee-pses.org/ To post a message to the list, send your e-mail to emc-p...@ieee.org Instructions: http://listserv.ieee.org/request/user-guide.html List rules: http://www.ieee-pses.org/listrules.html For help, send mail to the list administrators: Scott Douglas emcp...@ptcnh.net Mike Cantwell mcantw...@ieee.org For policy questions, send mail to: Jim Bacher: j.bac...@ieee.org David Heald:emc-p...@daveheald.com All emc-pstc postings are archived and searchable on the web at: http://www.ieeecommunities.org/emc-pstc __ This e-mail has been scanned by MCI Managed Email Content Service, using Skeptic(tm) technology powered by MessageLabs. For more information on MCI's Managed Email Content Service, visit http://www.mci.com. __
RE: FCC Part 15 and U.S. Safety dates?
Dave, I am not sure when OSHA, NEC or others put it into place the safety requirements, but I believe the NRTL program was started in the area of late 1987 or early 1988. So the requirement for a product used in the work place to have a safety certification would have had to been in place by then. Below are a couple key items. OSHA's rules say: 1910.155(c)(3)(iv)(B) Equipment is labeled if there is attached to it a label, symbol, or other identifying mark of a nationally recognized testing laboratory which makes periodic inspections of the production of such equipment, and whose labeling indicates compliance with nationally recognized standards or tests to determine safe use in a specified manner; 1910.155(c)(3)(iv)(C) Equipment is accepted if it has been inspected and found by a nationally recognized testing laboratory to conform to specified plans or to procedures of applicable codes; and 1910.155(c)(3)(iv)(D) Equipment is certified if it has been tested and found by a nationally recognized testing laboratory to meet nationally recognized standards or to be safe for use in a specified manner or is of a kind whose production is periodically inspected by a nationally recognized testing laboratory, and if it bears a label, tag, or other record of certification. NEC says: 90-7. Examination of Equipment for Safety. For specific items of equipment and materials referred to in this Code, examinations for safety made under standard conditions will provide a basis for approval where the record is made generally available through promulgation by organizations properly equipped and qualified for experimental testing, inspections of the run of goods at factories, and service-value determination through field inspections. This avoids the necessity for repetition of examinations by different examiners, frequently with inadequate facilities for such work, and the confusion that would result from conflicting reports as to the suitability of devices and materials examined for a given purpose. Oregon says: 479.610 Sale or disposal of uncertified or unevaluated electrical product prohibited. Except as provided under ORS 479.540, no person shall sell or dispose of by gift or otherwise in connection with the person's business an electrical product that is not certified or evaluated under the requirements of ORS 479.510 to 479.945. [1959c.406 s.9; 1981 c.815 s.12; 1995 c.706 s.2] URL for the State of Oregon: http://landru.leg.state.or.us/ors/479.html Also, was there a date that a U.S. safety law WAS enacted and by who (OSHA)? Thanks,, Dave Lohbeck - This message is from the IEEE Product Safety Engineering Society emc-pstc discussion list.Website: http://www.ieee-pses.org/ To post a message to the list, send your e-mail to emc-p...@ieee.org Instructions: http://listserv.ieee.org/request/user-guide.html List rules: http://www.ieee-pses.org/listrules.html For help, send mail to the list administrators: Scott Douglas emcp...@ptcnh.net Mike Cantwell mcantw...@ieee.org For policy questions, send mail to: Jim Bacher: j.bac...@ieee.org David Heald:emc-p...@daveheald.com All emc-pstc postings are archived and searchable on the web at: http://www.ieeecommunities.org/emc-pstc __ This e-mail has been scanned by MCI Managed Email Content Service, using Skeptic(tm) technology powered by MessageLabs. For more information on MCI's Managed Email Content Service, visit http://www.mci.com. __ __ This e-mail has been scanned by MCI Managed Email Content Service, using Skeptic(tm) technology powered by MessageLabs. For more information on MCI's Managed Email Content Service, visit http://www.mci.com. __
Re: FCC Part 15 and U.S. Safety dates?
The FCC was receiving a growing number of complaints about interference through the 1960's and 1970's. The first version of rules for unintentional radiators were proposed in 1976. The Computer and Business Equipment Manufacturers Association (CBEMA) did a study based on models and real equipment in 1977. The FCC used the CBEMA data and proposed the final rules in 1979 which were enacted in 1980. I am not as familiar with the history of specific safety regulation in the United States. However, safety regulation is dictated by the local jurisdictions, not by the Federal government. The history of safety regulation is a lot more complicated than that for EMC. Ted Eckert American Power Conversion/MGE http://www.apc.com/ The items contained in this e-mail reflect the personal opinions of the writer and are only provided for the assistance of the reader. The writer is not speaking in an official capacity for APC-MGE or Schneider Electric. The speaker does not represent APC-MGE's or Schneider Electric's official position on any matter. David Lohbeck d_lohbeck@yahoo. com To Sent by: emc-p...@ieee.org emc-p...@ieee.org cc Subject 10/10/2007 09:19 FCC Part 15 and U.S. Safety dates? PM hELLO, Does anyone know when the FCC rules (part 15) went into effect (1982)? Also, was there a date that a U.S. safety law WAS enacted and by who (OSHA)? Thanks,, Dave Lohbeck Check out the hottest 2008 models today at Yahoo! Autos. - This message is from the IEEE Product Safety Engineering Society emc-pstc discussion list. Website: http://www.ieee-pses.org/ To post a message to the list, send your e-mail to emc-p...@ieee.org Instructions: http://listserv.ieee.org/request/user-guide.html List rules: http://www.ieee-pses.org/listrules.html For help, send mail to the list administrators: Scott Douglas emcp...@ptcnh.net Mike Cantwell mcantw...@ieee.org For policy questions, send mail to: Jim Bacher: j.bac...@ieee.org David Heald: emc-p...@daveheald.com All emc-pstc postings are archived and searchable on the web at: http://www.ieeecommunities.org/emc-pstc - This message is from the IEEE Product Safety Engineering Society emc-pstc discussion list.Website: http://www.ieee-pses.org/ To post a message to the list, send your e-mail to emc-p...@ieee.org Instructions: http://listserv.ieee.org/request/user-guide.html List rules: http://www.ieee-pses.org/listrules.html For help, send mail to the list administrators: Scott Douglas emcp...@ptcnh.net Mike Cantwell mcantw...@ieee.org For policy questions, send mail to: Jim Bacher: j.bac...@ieee.org David Heald:emc-p...@daveheald.com All emc-pstc postings are archived and searchable on the web at: http://www.ieeecommunities.org/emc-pstc __ This e-mail has been scanned by MCI Managed Email Content Service, using Skeptic(tm) technology powered by MessageLabs. For more information on MCI's Managed Email Content Service, visit http://www.mci.com. __
