[EnglishSTF-7291] Is second time mutual is there .

[sunilsringeri revanker]

I taken mutual transfer in the year 2011 n my wife too working in govt. Can
i take mutual again.

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[EnglishSTF-7290] " “Why Our Future Depends on Libraries, Reading and Daydreaming.” Reading for ones own pleasure .... one of the most important aims of language teachers / school education...

[Gurumurthy K]

Neil Gaiman on Why We Read and What Books Do for the Human Experience




The question of why we read and what books actually do for us is as old as
the written word itself, and as attractive. Galileo saw reading as a way of
having superhuman powers
.
For Kafka, books were “the axe for the frozen sea within us”
;
Carl Sagan held them as “proof that humans are capable of working magic”
;
James Baldwin found in them a way to change one’s destiny
;
for Polish Nobel laureate Wislawa Szymborska, they stood as our ultimate
frontier of freedom

.

But one of the finest, most dimensional inquiries into the significance of
books and the role of reading in human life comes from *Neil Gaiman* in a
beautiful piece titled “Why Our Future Depends on Libraries, Reading and
Daydreaming.”
Gaiman considers how the act of reading changes us, “what it’s good for”:

*Once in New York, I listened to a talk about the building of private
prisons—a huge growth industry in America. The prison industry needs to
plan its future growth — how many cells are they going to need? How many
prisoners are there going to be, fifteen years from now? And they found
they could predict it very easily, using a pretty simple algorithm, based
about asking what percentage of ten- and eleven-year-olds couldn’t read.
And certainly couldn’t read for pleasure.*

Echoing Madeleine L’Engle’s spirited 1983 lecture on creativity,
censorship, and the duty of children’s books
,
Gaiman considers how otherwise well-intentioned adults might thwart the
seed of that life-enlarging and sometimes even life-saving passion for
reading. In a passage of particular urgency for parents and educators, he
writes:

I don’t think there is such a thing as a bad book for children. Every now
and again it becomes fashionable among some adults to point at a subset of
children’s books, a genre, perhaps, or an author, and to declare them bad
books, books that children should be stopped from reading. I’ve seen it
happen over and over; Enid Blyton was declared a bad author, so was R. L.
Stine, so were dozens of others. Comics have been decried as fostering
illiteracy.

It’s tosh. It’s snobbery and it’s foolishness.

There are no bad authors for children, that children like and want to read
and seek out, because every child is different. They can find the stories
they need to, and they bring themselves to stories. A hackneyed, worn-out
idea isn’t hackneyed and worn out to someone encountering it for the first
time. You don’t discourage children from reading because you feel they are
reading the wrong thing. Fiction you do not like is the gateway drug to
other books you may prefer them to read. And not everyone has the same
taste as you.

Well-meaning adults can easily destroy a child’s love of reading: stop them
reading what they enjoy, or give them worthy-but-dull books that you like,
the twenty- first-century equivalents of Victorian “improving” literature.
You’ll wind up with a generation convinced that reading is uncool and,
worse, unpleasant.

Gaiman then turns to the second key function of literature — its
unparalleled ability to foster empathy. In a sentiment that calls to mind
Rebecca Solnit’s inspired assertion that “a book is a heart that beats in
the chest of another,”

he writes:

When you watch TV or see a film, you are looking at things happening to
other people. Prose fiction is something you build up from twenty-six
letters and a handful of punctuation marks, and you, and you alone, using
your imagination, create a world, and people it and look out through other
eyes. You get to feel things, visit places and worlds you would never
otherwise know. You learn that everyone else out there is a me, as well.
You’re being someone else, and when you return to your own world, you’re
going to be slightly changed.

Empathy is a tool for building people into groups, for allowing us to
function as more than self-obsessed individuals.

In a sentiment reminiscent of Ursula K. Le Guin’s electrifying case for how
imaginative storytelling expands our scope of the