Re: [gentoo-dev] {Guide,Project, Foo}XML too confusing for many devs?

2007-03-28 Thread Denis Dupeyron

I find that as long as you read and follow the Gentoo XML Guide,
writing docs is easy and using XML is handy. What I like the most is,
as it was already noted, that I don't have to take care of the layout.

However I have never found anything about writing project pages. Is
there anything out there that I have overlooked ? If not, I'd really
love to see this as a small addition to our XML guide.

Denis.
--
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Re: [gentoo-dev] New ALSA maintainers

2007-03-28 Thread Josh Saddler
Jakub Moc wrote:
 Uhm... Sorry to see this issue brought up yet again. Just a couple of
 brief notes:
 
 - The in-kernel drivers seriously are not an equivalent alternative, let
 alone the preferred one, for stuff like hda-intel or any similar drivers
 that are under permanent heavy development, at least for now.
 
 - This is not a duplicated maintenance effort, it's simply needed to
 have external alsa-drivers ebuilds, and it's needed to have them
 supported as ALSA upstream won't accept bugs about in-kernel drivers.
 
 - The two are basically different branches, and it's *not* about whether
 the code is newer or older in one or the other at all.


I completely disagree with your assessment of the in-kernel hda-intel
state. My workstation uses one of those (labelled nVidia MCP 55, for the
curious), and my experiences with in-kernel ALSA have been nothing but
positive with the intel audio, whether compiled or as modules.

For the record, the kernel and alsa team have gone back and forth on
this for a long time -- and it's always been my task to update the ALSA
guide for whichever wins, or at least that's how it's been lately. The
thing about ALSA upstream not accepting certain bugs -- I'm not sure
Diego ever mentioned any such thing; is this really true?

At the very least, this should cut down on spurious bug reports on our
own bugzilla. However, it'd be nice from the point of view of the GDP if
the kernel and ALSA maintainers would decide, once and for all, what
should be supported and what shouldn't, whether in-kernel or
alsa-drivers is recommended. Because it's been going back and forth for
years as to which gets priority in the docs. Pick something for the
users to install and stick with it, please.



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Re: [gentoo-dev] {Guide,Project, Foo}XML too confusing for many devs?

2007-03-28 Thread Josh Saddler
Denis Dupeyron wrote:
 I find that as long as you read and follow the Gentoo XML Guide,
 writing docs is easy and using XML is handy. What I like the most is,
 as it was already noted, that I don't have to take care of the layout.
 
 However I have never found anything about writing project pages. Is
 there anything out there that I have overlooked ? If not, I'd really
 love to see this as a small addition to our XML guide.

We don't maintain ProjectXML. Not sure who does, if anyone. It's
definitely not the GDP's area of responsibility.

FYI, we do have nice guides on writing GuideXML:

[1] http://www.gentoo.org/doc/en/xml-guide.xml
[2] http://www.gentoo.org/proj/en/gdp/doc/doc-tipsntricks.xml



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Re: [gentoo-dev] New ALSA maintainers

2007-03-28 Thread Jakub Moc
Josh Saddler napsal(a):
 I completely disagree with your assessment of the in-kernel hda-intel
 state. My workstation uses one of those (labelled nVidia MCP 55, for the
 curious), and my experiences with in-kernel ALSA have been nothing but
 positive with the intel audio, whether compiled or as modules.

I could say the same about your assessment of the in-kernel hda-intel
drivers, as could many other users... Same for via82xx - never had much
luck with the in-kernel drivers, plus upgrading the whole kernel over
and over again just to test whether something got fixed is a major PITA.

As said, these are two different branches, what works for somebody
doesn't need to work for someone else.

 For the record, the kernel and alsa team have gone back and forth on
 this for a long time -- and it's always been my task to update the ALSA
 guide for whichever wins, or at least that's how it's been lately. The
 thing about ALSA upstream not accepting certain bugs -- I'm not sure
 Diego ever mentioned any such thing; is this really true?

I really don't get these fights, the two things can co-exist quite
nicely and users can benefit from this. What's this need to 'deprecate'
the external stuff once again about? (And yeah, ALSA upstream doesn't
deal with in-kernel drivers bugs.)

 At the very least, this should cut down on spurious bug reports on our
 own bugzilla. However, it'd be nice from the point of view of the GDP if
 the kernel and ALSA maintainers would decide, once and for all, what
 should be supported and what shouldn't, whether in-kernel or
 alsa-drivers is recommended. Because it's been going back and forth for
 years as to which gets priority in the docs. Pick something for the
 users to install and stick with it, please.

Both should be supported, as explained above. Spurious bugs? Not really
sure what you mean.

And no, kernel 2.4 is definitely not *the* reason to keep the external
alsa drivers supported (Frankly I'd be very happy to see the whole 2.4
kernel branch declared as unsupported on Gentoo - noone's really testing
anything against those kernels these days and the bugs are lingering
there for ages as noone cares; even the 2.4 kernels we still have in the
tree are pretty much unmaintained).


-- 
Best regards,

 Jakub Moc
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Re: [gentoo-dev] New ALSA maintainers

2007-03-28 Thread Ioannis Aslanidis

On 3/28/07, Jakub Moc [EMAIL PROTECTED] wrote:

Josh Saddler napsal(a):
 I completely disagree with your assessment of the in-kernel hda-intel
 state. My workstation uses one of those (labelled nVidia MCP 55, for the
 curious), and my experiences with in-kernel ALSA have been nothing but
 positive with the intel audio, whether compiled or as modules.

I could say the same about your assessment of the in-kernel hda-intel
drivers, as could many other users... Same for via82xx - never had much
luck with the in-kernel drivers, plus upgrading the whole kernel over
and over again just to test whether something got fixed is a major PITA.

As said, these are two different branches, what works for somebody
doesn't need to work for someone else.



I'm afraid I experiment the same issues. For my hda-intel, in-kernel
drivers do not work, at least for now.

Maybe we could find a way to integrate (see replace) the in-kernel
alsa version with the portage one.

--
Ioannis Aslanidis

deathwing00[at]gentoo.org 0xB9B11F4E
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Re: [gentoo-dev] New ALSA maintainers

2007-03-28 Thread Michael Krelin
 
 I completely disagree with your assessment of the in-kernel hda-intel
 state. My workstation uses one of those (labelled nVidia MCP 55, for the
 curious), and my experiences with in-kernel ALSA have been nothing but
 positive with the intel audio, whether compiled or as modules.

I have two hda-intel machines. One runs with in-kernel alsa, for the
other I had to use alsa-driver.

Love,
H
-- 
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Re: [gentoo-dev] Re: Gentoo infra backups

2007-03-28 Thread Marijn Schouten (hkBst)
-BEGIN PGP SIGNED MESSAGE-
Hash: SHA1

Ciaran McCreesh wrote:
 On Wed, 28 Mar 2007 10:30:56 +1200
 Christopher Sawtell [EMAIL PROTECTED] wrote:
 There are plenty of ways of doing that, most of which don't involve
 the huge cost of having to use a horrible version control system...
 I wonder if you would be so kind as to expand on the meaning of your
 use of cost and horrible in the above sentence?
 
 Distributed systems don't work well with Gentoo's current development
 model, which is entirely centralised.

Our current development model is restricted by our current SCM. Having code 
managament in local
copies seems to me an essential feature. This goes double for people who don't 
have commit access to
 our repositories.

 There are also issues of
 performance and stability, both of which were discussed at length the
 last time this topic came up...

I thought performance was one of the reasons for moving away from CVS. Anyway.

I've been reading some SCM comparisons and there are three systems which I 
think are the best
candidates for moving to: git, mercurial and darcs. These are the three fastest 
and most capable
SCMs. Git is still the fastest but mercurial and darcs are not far behind. 
Darcs has the best
merging capabilities probably due to its being based on a solid mathematical 
foundation; patch algebra.

Marijn
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Re: [gentoo-dev] {Guide,Project, Foo}XML too confusing for many devs?

2007-03-28 Thread Paul de Vrieze
On Wednesday 28 March 2007, Josh Saddler wrote:
 Denis Dupeyron wrote:
  I find that as long as you read and follow the Gentoo XML Guide,
  writing docs is easy and using XML is handy. What I like the most is,
  as it was already noted, that I don't have to take care of the layout.
 
  However I have never found anything about writing project pages. Is
  there anything out there that I have overlooked ? If not, I'd really
  love to see this as a small addition to our XML guide.

 We don't maintain ProjectXML. Not sure who does, if anyone. It's
 definitely not the GDP's area of responsibility.

 FYI, we do have nice guides on writing GuideXML:

 [1] http://www.gentoo.org/doc/en/xml-guide.xml
 [2] http://www.gentoo.org/proj/en/gdp/doc/doc-tipsntricks.xml


I do (sort of), and it is documented at:

http://www.gentoo.org/proj/en/metastructure/projectxml.xml

Unfortunately I don't know of any page that uses all features, but if you look 
around you can find some.

Paul

-- 
Paul de Vrieze
Gentoo Developer
Mail: [EMAIL PROTECTED]
Homepage: http://www.devrieze.net


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Re: [gentoo-dev] New ALSA maintainers

2007-03-28 Thread Chris Gianelloni
On Wed, 2007-03-28 at 01:46 -0700, Josh Saddler wrote:
 At the very least, this should cut down on spurious bug reports on our
 own bugzilla. However, it'd be nice from the point of view of the GDP if
 the kernel and ALSA maintainers would decide, once and for all, what
 should be supported and what shouldn't, whether in-kernel or
 alsa-drivers is recommended. Because it's been going back and forth for
 years as to which gets priority in the docs. Pick something for the
 users to install and stick with it, please.

The default genkernel kernel configurations (for at least x86/amd64) use
in-kernel ALSA (as modules) and will for the forseeable future.  If
someone wants to argue with me over why I shouldn't be doing that, I'm
all ears, but am likely to not change this until such time as we add
some additional support to the Installer for allowing the install of
on-disk external kernel modules in Networkless mode, and online
external kernel modules in the other modes.  In other words, if you want
me to change it, you better break out your python-fu and get coding.  ;]

-- 
Chris Gianelloni
Release Engineering Strategic Lead
Alpha/AMD64/x86 Architecture Teams
Games Developer/Council Member/Foundation Trustee
Gentoo Foundation


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SCM choices (was: Re: [gentoo-dev] Re: Gentoo infra backups)

2007-03-28 Thread Chris Gianelloni
On Wed, 2007-03-28 at 12:30 +0200, Marijn Schouten (hkBst) wrote:
 I've been reading some SCM comparisons and there are three systems which I 
 think are the best
 candidates for moving to: git, mercurial and darcs. These are the three 
 fastest and most capable
 SCMs. Git is still the fastest but mercurial and darcs are not far behind. 
 Darcs has the best
 merging capabilities probably due to its being based on a solid mathematical 
 foundation; patch algebra.

Please, everyone, go back and read the actual *facts* that were
discovered using copies of *our* repositories before going around using
data from outside sources.  Unless you're willing to spend the time to
*prove* that some other SCM is faster/better than CVS and actually works
*with our repositories* properly, then there's no point in discussing
this *yet again* on the list.

Remember that when this was investigated last summer, *none* of the
alternate SCMs were really viable for us, with Subversion being the
least likely to suck.  I'm sure things might have changed a bit since
then, but one of the major things we noticed from the study was that our
findings on *our* data set didn't really match the FUD/evangelism that
was being spouted by proponents of other SCMs.

Picking a SCM is *not* a religious or political move.  It should be done
entirely for technical reasons.

If you want to bring this back up, I ask you to have the data to back it
up.  Otherwise, we really don't need to discuss it since everybody is
going to have differing opinions based on nothing but anecdotes and here
say.  We get enough of that around here.  Let's try to stick to facts
and reproducible data.

Thanks, 

-- 
Chris Gianelloni
Release Engineering Strategic Lead
Alpha/AMD64/x86 Architecture Teams
Games Developer/Council Member/Foundation Trustee
Gentoo Foundation


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Re: [gentoo-dev] {Guide,Project, Foo}XML too confusing for many devs?

2007-03-28 Thread Denis Dupeyron

On 3/28/07, Paul de Vrieze [EMAIL PROTECTED] wrote:

I do (sort of), and it is documented at:

http://www.gentoo.org/proj/en/metastructure/projectxml.xml

Unfortunately I don't know of any page that uses all features, but if you look
around you can find some.


Thanks Paul, that's exactly what I was needing. I didn't think of
looking for it in the metastructure pages. I wrongly assumed it was
GDP stuff.

Denis.
--
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Re: [gentoo-dev] Re: Gentoo infra backups

2007-03-28 Thread Michael Krelin
 
 I've been reading some SCM comparisons and there are three systems which I 
 think are the best
 candidates for moving to: git, mercurial and darcs. These are the three 
 fastest and most capable
 SCMs. Git is still the fastest but mercurial and darcs are not far behind. 
 Darcs has the best
 merging capabilities probably due to its being based on a solid mathematical 
 foundation; patch algebra.
 

Reading comparisons is one thing and using is the other. But the thing
is, gentoo ends up with central repository, anyway. Provided the
repository is less ancient than CVS (which is basically subversion),
distributed users can branch it without having to have commit access.
This hybrid model makes much more sense to me than forcing everyone to
use DSCM. I have exercised the approach on overlay before I was granted
commit access and now continue to work the same way pushing my branches
back to svn. I think this possibility totally invalidates the very idea
of DSCM importance.


Love,
H
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Re: [gentoo-dev] {Guide,Project,Foo}XML too confusing for many devs?

2007-03-28 Thread Vlastimil Babka
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Chris Gianelloni wrote:
 On Mon, 2007-03-26 at 12:01 -0500, Mike Bonar wrote:
 Should we encourage more content to go into the wiki, expecially
 content that is likely to change over a short period of time?
 
 Gentoo has no wiki.

Not entirely true, project overlays on overlays.g.o can use the wiki on
trac there. And at least we (Java) use it to hash out new stuff (that's
exactly content that is likely to change over a short period of time),
that can be later converted to guidexml (FAQs etc).
- --
Vlastimil Babka (Caster)
Gentoo/Java
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Re: [gentoo-dev] {Guide,Project,Foo}XML too confusing for many devs?

2007-03-28 Thread Vlastimil Babka
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Anant Narayanan wrote:
 I guess the point of last year's GuideXML SoC project was to help devs
 who didn't find writing GuideXML *cough* exciting *cough* enough. Which
 is why I developed Beacon [1]. Looks like the project hasn't been as
 successful as I would have liked within Gentoo (although other projects
 [2] are certainly considering using it!). The fault is entirely mine,
 and I will strive to improve Beacon to a really usable level, and maybe
 convince the Infra team to install a copy on one of our servers for our
 devs to use.

I think it lacks advertisement, IMHO many people just know there was
such project but have no idea if it was completed or what. And having it
online (at least some demo) would help greatly so people can easily try
it out without having to install a webserver, checking out the sources
etc etc.

- --
Vlastimil Babka (Caster)
Gentoo/Java
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Re: [gentoo-dev] [soc] Python bindings for Paludis

2007-03-28 Thread Paul de Vrieze
On Tuesday 27 March 2007, Ciaran McCreesh wrote:
 On Tue, 27 Mar 2007 15:19:29 -0400

 Mike Frysinger [EMAIL PROTECTED] wrote:
  one of Gentoo's priorities is to enable alternative package managers
  to coexist sanely ... it is not one of Gentoo's priorities at this
  time to replace Portage with a different package manager

 Do you acknowledge that Portage is a severe limiting factor when it
 comes to improving the Gentoo user experience as a whole?

If it is not a limiting factor, portage is certainly a critical part of the 
distribution. And yes there are many features that should be offered but are 
not.

Paul

-- 
Paul de Vrieze
Gentoo Developer
Mail: [EMAIL PROTECTED]
Homepage: http://www.devrieze.net


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Re: [gentoo-dev] New ALSA maintainers

2007-03-28 Thread Roy Marples
On Wed, 28 Mar 2007 08:54:21 -0400
Doug Goldstein [EMAIL PROTECTED] wrote:

 Daniel Drake wrote:
  
  I have suggested that herd support for the kernelspace side
  (alsa-driver) be slowly reduced, by redirecting users who file bugs
  against it to reproduce with the in-kernel drivers, and then let
  kernel handle the bug resolution. This will remove duplicated
  maintenance efforts.
  
 The only crummy thing about this is that the in kernel drivers have
 NEVER supported my sound card. Not even on 2.6.20. I'm using hda-intel
 and it just never works. I end up always returning back to
 alsa-driver. So I don't think that the code bases are the same.
 
 But I guess this is what I'll have to live with unless I want to step
 up as an alsa maintainer.

Well, I just tested in-kernel 2.6.20 and alsa-driver 1.0.14_rc3 both
work equally well with my Intel HDA in my IBM ThinkPad Z60m.

The only reason I changed to alsa-driver was when there was a mismatch
between alsa-lib and the 32 bit alsa-lib on ~amd64. I'll see if the
in-kernel drivers work now (via-82xx).

Based on my fond experiences with ipw2200, rt2500 and rt2x00, once
something is in-kernel it just seem to work better, IMO.

Thanks

Roy
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Re: [gentoo-dev] {Guide,Project, Foo}XML too confusing for many devs?

2007-03-28 Thread Paul de Vrieze
On Wednesday 28 March 2007, Denis Dupeyron wrote:
 On 3/28/07, Paul de Vrieze [EMAIL PROTECTED] wrote:
  I do (sort of), and it is documented at:
 
  http://www.gentoo.org/proj/en/metastructure/projectxml.xml
 
  Unfortunately I don't know of any page that uses all features, but if you
  look around you can find some.

 Thanks Paul, that's exactly what I was needing. I didn't think of
 looking for it in the metastructure pages. I wrongly assumed it was
 GDP stuff.

 Denis.

Well, googling for gentoo projectxml does get you to the right place 
immediately ;-).

Paul

-- 
Paul de Vrieze
Gentoo Developer
Mail: [EMAIL PROTECTED]
Homepage: http://www.devrieze.net


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Re: [gentoo-dev] New ALSA maintainers

2007-03-28 Thread Dominique Michel
Le Wed, 28 Mar 2007 11:22:22 +0200,
Ioannis Aslanidis [EMAIL PROTECTED] a écrit :

 On 3/28/07, Jakub Moc [EMAIL PROTECTED] wrote:
  Josh Saddler napsal(a):
   I completely disagree with your assessment of the in-kernel hda-intel
   state. My workstation uses one of those (labelled nVidia MCP 55, for the
   curious), and my experiences with in-kernel ALSA have been nothing but
   positive with the intel audio, whether compiled or as modules.
 
  I could say the same about your assessment of the in-kernel hda-intel
  drivers, as could many other users... Same for via82xx - never had much
  luck with the in-kernel drivers, plus upgrading the whole kernel over
  and over again just to test whether something got fixed is a major PITA.
 
  As said, these are two different branches, what works for somebody
  doesn't need to work for someone else.
 
 
 I'm afraid I experiment the same issues. For my hda-intel, in-kernel
 drivers do not work, at least for now.
 
 Maybe we could find a way to integrate (see replace) the in-kernel
 alsa version with the portage one.
 

All the new features are incorporated first in the alsa-driver. It implies at it
will make no difference for peoples using old hardwares. But for peoples using
new hardwares, or wanting to have new features such as volume control in dB with
some hardwares, they have no other choice as to use the alsa-driver package.
Also bug fixes come first in alsa-driver from Alsa, and only later in the
in-kernel driver.

As I see it, It is necessary to support the in-kernel driver as it come with
every kernel, but it is also necessary to support alsa-driver because some
users not only want it, but they need it to get alsa to work well with their
hardware.

And I don't think at replacing the in-kernel driver by the alsa-driver will
implies less work. It will be more work for the maintainers of the kernel's
ebuilds. It is also much simpler to upgrade the alsa-* packages to get a new
alsa version as to upgrade the whole kernel.

Ciao,
Dominique
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Re: [gentoo-dev] New ALSA maintainers

2007-03-28 Thread Mike Pagano

On 3/28/07, Daniel Drake [EMAIL PROTECTED] wrote:

 snip 

...here are the diffs of the
latest alsa development release vs the latest kernel development release:


 snip

Just a user opinion here, but I find the need to use unstable
alsa-driver to solve a bug every now and then.  This procedure would
be more complicated if I had to run a development kernel to solve a
sound problem.
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Re: [gentoo-dev] New ALSA maintainers

2007-03-28 Thread Daniel Drake

Mike Pagano wrote:

Just a user opinion here, but I find the need to use unstable
alsa-driver to solve a bug every now and then.  This procedure would
be more complicated if I had to run a development kernel to solve a
sound problem.


And you'll still have that option.
I hope you file bugs when these scenarios occur so that we can guarantee 
quality in our stable tree.


Thanks,
Daniel

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Re: [gentoo-dev] New ALSA maintainers

2007-03-28 Thread Ioannis Aslanidis

The fact is that the bug has been around for quite a long time now:
http://bugs.gentoo.org/show_bug.cgi?id=165679

Anyway, see Flameeyes's comments for details (in the ChangeLog)

On 3/28/07, Daniel Drake [EMAIL PROTECTED] wrote:

Doug Goldstein wrote:
 The only crummy thing about this is that the in kernel drivers have
 NEVER supported my sound card. Not even on 2.6.20. I'm using hda-intel
 and it just never works. I end up always returning back to alsa-driver.
 So I don't think that the code bases are the same.

Please file a kernel bug. With your help, it'll get fixed. It won't be
too much work for either of us.

Thanks,
Daniel



--
Ioannis Aslanidis

deathwing00[at]gentoo.org 0xB9B11F4E
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Re: [gentoo-dev] New ALSA maintainers

2007-03-28 Thread Jakub Moc
Daniel Drake napsal(a):
 Jakub Moc wrote:
 - The in-kernel drivers seriously are not an equivalent alternative, let
 alone the preferred one, for stuff like hda-intel or any similar drivers
 that are under permanent heavy development, at least for now.
 
 If hda-intel (or any other driver) from the kernel sources does not work
 on your system then you should file a bug. Yes, there are drivers under
 heavily development, this also applies to many other kernel subsystems
 too. We live with it. It's not as bad as it sounds.

It not only doesn't work for me, it doesn't work for majority of people
that have responded on this thread. So, something's wrong there I guess? :)

 - This is not a duplicated maintenance effort, it's simply needed to
 have external alsa-drivers ebuilds, and it's needed to have them
 supported as ALSA upstream won't accept bugs about in-kernel drivers.
 
 That's not true. I have supported in-kernel ALSA drivers for a long time
 and have never seen this be the case.

Hmmm, I'm not entirely sure what are you responding to here? What I said
was that ALSA upstream won't accept bugs about in-kernel drivers - now
how's that related to whether you (or kernel upstream) support them or not?

Additionally - forcing people to upgrade kernel for their sound issues
is not a solution for many of them. Kernel upgrades tend to break lots
of stuff on every minor version bump (and it's not only external modules
that upstream seems to plain hate and ignore mostly). Not exactly what
users would like to see when all they are trying to get is working
sound. Plus it's lot easier (and faster) to get patches into external
drivers than get them accepted into kernel.

  Interestingly in this case, the in-kernel driver is a touch newer than
 the hda-intel one. It includes support for a few more hardware devices.
 Again these are only very small differences though.

As said, it's not about code being newer or older, it's about having two
different branches of the code. One works for someone, the other works
for someone else. What's exactly the benefit from trying to kill support
for upstream ALSA code and forcing people to use in-kernel drivers
(beyond what you see as 'duplicated' maintenance effort)? Users honestly
don't care much about 'duplicated' effort, they want a working sound on
their boxes.


-- 
Best regards,

 Jakub Moc
 mailto:[EMAIL PROTECTED]
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Re: [gentoo-dev] New ALSA maintainers

2007-03-28 Thread Bryan Østergaard
On Wed, Mar 28, 2007 at 04:49:25PM +0200, Jakub Moc wrote:
 Daniel Drake napsal(a):
  Jakub Moc wrote:
  - The in-kernel drivers seriously are not an equivalent alternative, let
  alone the preferred one, for stuff like hda-intel or any similar drivers
  that are under permanent heavy development, at least for now.
  
  If hda-intel (or any other driver) from the kernel sources does not work
  on your system then you should file a bug. Yes, there are drivers under
  heavily development, this also applies to many other kernel subsystems
  too. We live with it. It's not as bad as it sounds.
 
 It not only doesn't work for me, it doesn't work for majority of people
 that have responded on this thread. So, something's wrong there I guess? :)
Maybe because this thread is a lot more interesting for people that
doesn't have working in-kernel drivers? For what it's worth I'm using
in-kernel alsa drivers with hda-intel and it's always worked just fine
for me.
 
  - This is not a duplicated maintenance effort, it's simply needed to
  have external alsa-drivers ebuilds, and it's needed to have them
  supported as ALSA upstream won't accept bugs about in-kernel drivers.
  
  That's not true. I have supported in-kernel ALSA drivers for a long time
  and have never seen this be the case.
 
 Hmmm, I'm not entirely sure what are you responding to here? What I said
 was that ALSA upstream won't accept bugs about in-kernel drivers - now
 how's that related to whether you (or kernel upstream) support them or not?
Is it really important who supports it? I think most users would care
about their drivers being supported or not instead of who supports them.
 
 Additionally - forcing people to upgrade kernel for their sound issues
 is not a solution for many of them. Kernel upgrades tend to break lots
 of stuff on every minor version bump (and it's not only external modules
 that upstream seems to plain hate and ignore mostly). Not exactly what
 users would like to see when all they are trying to get is working
 sound. Plus it's lot easier (and faster) to get patches into external
 drivers than get them accepted into kernel.
I don't think anybody is trying to force anything. Daniel have stated
that alsa-driver should be supported for a long time.
 
   Interestingly in this case, the in-kernel driver is a touch newer than
  the hda-intel one. It includes support for a few more hardware devices.
  Again these are only very small differences though.
 
 As said, it's not about code being newer or older, it's about having two
 different branches of the code. One works for someone, the other works
 for someone else. What's exactly the benefit from trying to kill support
 for upstream ALSA code and forcing people to use in-kernel drivers
 (beyond what you see as 'duplicated' maintenance effort)? Users honestly
 don't care much about 'duplicated' effort, they want a working sound on
 their boxes.
I'll just repeat myself here as you've basically just repeated your
claim about forcing people to use in-kernel drivers..

Nobody is forcing anybody to use in-kernel drivers.

Regards,
Bryan Østergaard
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Re: [gentoo-dev] New ALSA maintainers

2007-03-28 Thread Seemant Kulleen
So, maybe this is a boneheadedly obvious thing, but having just spoken
with Daniel about this, I'll just summarise my findings.

I, for one, was always using alsa-driver for my new Dell laptop.  As it
turns out, Dan has the identical laptop, but he's always been using the
in-kernel driver.  I always just chalked it up to well, Dan's just
leeter than me in matters of kernel things anyway, so yeah.  Then one
day, I walked over and I asked him what I was doing wrong in my kernel
config.  You know what it was for me?  I saw that I had intel audio
hardware, so I kept configuring intel8x0.  As soon as I activated
hda-intel, it was all good.

Now, obviously that was just me being stupid and ignorant, but there are
possibly a couple more issues.  One is that if you've emerged
alsa-driver for your kernel, and then recompile that kernel, you're
possibly mixing two types of alsa drivers in the /lib/modules directory
which would definitely lead to brokenness.

So my challenge to those having problems: try it out on a fresh kernel
and report your bug.

And, please let's dispense with this forcing people to do anything.
There's no such ultimatum at work here, please don't jump to erroneous
conclusions.

thanks,

Seemant



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Re: [gentoo-dev] New ALSA maintainers

2007-03-28 Thread Daniel Drake

Ioannis Aslanidis wrote:

The fact is that the bug has been around for quite a long time now:
http://bugs.gentoo.org/show_bug.cgi?id=165679


This bug is exactly the kind that makes maintaining alsa-driver (and any 
other out-of-kernel module) a small nightmare. It's exactly the kind of 
bug that never exists when people use in-kernel drivers. Maybe I 
misunderstood your tone and actually you are supporting the changes I 
have suggested?


Even so I'm not sure how this relates to Doug's problem? He didn't 
provide any details here, and was not involved on that bug.


Thanks,
Daniel

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Re: [gentoo-dev] New ALSA maintainers

2007-03-28 Thread Ioannis Aslanidis

Well, to be honest, I am neither supporter nor detractor. I think that
it's upstream that should go and fix themselves. It's them who have
caused all this.

ALSA guys do not support in-kernel stuff.
Kernel guys do not support alsa stuff.

Great, isn't it?

On 3/28/07, Daniel Drake [EMAIL PROTECTED] wrote:

Ioannis Aslanidis wrote:
 The fact is that the bug has been around for quite a long time now:
 http://bugs.gentoo.org/show_bug.cgi?id=165679

This bug is exactly the kind that makes maintaining alsa-driver (and any
other out-of-kernel module) a small nightmare. It's exactly the kind of
bug that never exists when people use in-kernel drivers. Maybe I
misunderstood your tone and actually you are supporting the changes I
have suggested?

Even so I'm not sure how this relates to Doug's problem? He didn't
provide any details here, and was not involved on that bug.

Thanks,
Daniel

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--
Ioannis Aslanidis

deathwing00[at]gentoo.org 0xB9B11F4E
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Re: [gentoo-dev] New ALSA maintainers

2007-03-28 Thread Jakub Moc
Bryan Østergaard napsal(a):
 Nobody is forcing anybody to use in-kernel drivers.

Uhm... http://bugs.gentoo.org/show_bug.cgi?id=172490


-- 
Best regards,

 Jakub Moc
 mailto:[EMAIL PROTECTED]
 GPG signature:
 http://subkeys.pgp.net:11371/pks/lookup?op=getsearch=0xCEBA3D9E
 Primary key fingerprint: D2D7 933C 9BA1 C95B 2C95  B30F 8717 D5FD CEBA 3D9E

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Re: [gentoo-dev] {Guide,Project,Foo}XML too confusing for many devs?

2007-03-28 Thread Chris Gianelloni
On Wed, 2007-03-28 at 14:29 +0200, Vlastimil Babka wrote:
 -BEGIN PGP SIGNED MESSAGE-
 Hash: SHA1
 
 Chris Gianelloni wrote:
  On Mon, 2007-03-26 at 12:01 -0500, Mike Bonar wrote:
  Should we encourage more content to go into the wiki, expecially
  content that is likely to change over a short period of time?
  
  Gentoo has no wiki.
 
 Not entirely true, project overlays on overlays.g.o can use the wiki on
 trac there. And at least we (Java) use it to hash out new stuff (that's
 exactly content that is likely to change over a short period of time),
 that can be later converted to guidexml (FAQs etc).

Gentoo has no wiki.

The Gentoo/Java project has one.  As do many other projects, including a
couple I'm on, but my previous statement is still true.

At any rate, it's just arguing semantics, where there's no need for it,
and all that does is cause tension, frustration and aggression.  Maybe
if we all were a little less likely to go around trying to prove
everybody else wrong by trying to dissect their wording and instead
focused on technological improvements of our distribution, we'd have
some really kick ass technology being created.

-- 
Chris Gianelloni
Release Engineering Strategic Lead
Alpha/AMD64/x86 Architecture Teams
Games Developer/Council Member/Foundation Trustee
Gentoo Foundation


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Re: [gentoo-dev] New ALSA maintainers

2007-03-28 Thread Daniel Drake

Ioannis Aslanidis wrote:

Well, to be honest, I am neither supporter nor detractor. I think that
it's upstream that should go and fix themselves. It's them who have
caused all this.


The bug you linked to is a natural effect of maintaining kernel drivers 
outside of the kernel source tree.


It is not the fault of the alsa-driver maintainers (either Gentoo or 
upstream people who push tarballs), since they don't control the 
in-kernel API's.


It's not the kernels fault because the kernel does not claim to maintain 
a stable internal API, and it actually readily claims the opposite. This 
is not going to change. With reference to the problems an unstable 
internal API causes, kernel people will give you one answer and one 
answer only: get your code in the kernel. Problems like these simply do 
not happen there.


So, in this particular case, if the alsa-driver portage package did not 
exist, the bug in question (plus a whole series of others in the same 
class) simply will not ever occur. This is a good thing.



ALSA guys do not support in-kernel stuff.


ALSA guys being upstream alsa-project.org people? That's not correct, 
they are the people who put the code in the kernel.


ALSA guys being downstream gentoo maintainers? That's true, since there 
is a separate team who maintain the kernel.



Kernel guys do not support alsa stuff.


Upstream kernel guys? No, they support alsa, actually most of the bugs 
are handled by the alsa-project.org people who generally handle them 
very well.


Downstream kernel guys (i.e. Gentoo kernel herd)? No, we support the 
sound subsystem and the ALSA drivers just like all other subsystems and 
drivers in the kernel.


Thanks,
Daniel
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Re: [gentoo-dev] New ALSA maintainers

2007-03-28 Thread Ioannis Aslanidis

Anyhow, I would like to see alsa-drivers removed, but only with the
condition that the in-kernel ALSA drivers work as expected. The bug I
mentioned, if you reread it, you will notice that if there was no
external alsa-driver, hda-intel would be marked broken as well, for
some users.

Just to make it short, in-kernel hda-intel works for some people, but
it doesn't for others. The logical bug to be fixed is that the kernel
guys (not our kernel guys) check what's going wrong in there. If that
did happen, then your point of view wouldn't need any argumentation.

What really has annoyed me is the fact that the external driver works,
and I hope to see that not happen again. Unfortunately, that's not in
my hands right now.

If we are able to convince upstream maintainers about this, to report
the bugs properly and to get them fixed as required, we could go ahead
and remove alsa-drivers. Until that happens, seeing the current
proofs, the best choice is if it works don't fix it.

On 3/28/07, Daniel Drake [EMAIL PROTECTED] wrote:

Ioannis Aslanidis wrote:
 Well, to be honest, I am neither supporter nor detractor. I think that
 it's upstream that should go and fix themselves. It's them who have
 caused all this.

The bug you linked to is a natural effect of maintaining kernel drivers
outside of the kernel source tree.

It is not the fault of the alsa-driver maintainers (either Gentoo or
upstream people who push tarballs), since they don't control the
in-kernel API's.

It's not the kernels fault because the kernel does not claim to maintain
a stable internal API, and it actually readily claims the opposite. This
is not going to change. With reference to the problems an unstable
internal API causes, kernel people will give you one answer and one
answer only: get your code in the kernel. Problems like these simply do
not happen there.

So, in this particular case, if the alsa-driver portage package did not
exist, the bug in question (plus a whole series of others in the same
class) simply will not ever occur. This is a good thing.

 ALSA guys do not support in-kernel stuff.

ALSA guys being upstream alsa-project.org people? That's not correct,
they are the people who put the code in the kernel.

ALSA guys being downstream gentoo maintainers? That's true, since there
is a separate team who maintain the kernel.

 Kernel guys do not support alsa stuff.

Upstream kernel guys? No, they support alsa, actually most of the bugs
are handled by the alsa-project.org people who generally handle them
very well.

Downstream kernel guys (i.e. Gentoo kernel herd)? No, we support the
sound subsystem and the ALSA drivers just like all other subsystems and
drivers in the kernel.

Thanks,
Daniel
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--
Ioannis Aslanidis

deathwing00[at]gentoo.org 0xB9B11F4E
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Re: [gentoo-dev] New ALSA maintainers

2007-03-28 Thread Bryan Østergaard
On Wed, Mar 28, 2007 at 05:36:57PM +0200, Jakub Moc wrote:
 Bryan Østergaard napsal(a):
  Nobody is forcing anybody to use in-kernel drivers.
 
 Uhm... http://bugs.gentoo.org/show_bug.cgi?id=172490
 
Which isn't exactly the same as removing alsa-driver and forcing people
to use in-kernel drivers..

Regards,
Bryan Østergaard
-- 
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Re: SCM choices (was: Re: [gentoo-dev] Re: Gentoo infra backups)

2007-03-28 Thread Chris Gianelloni
On Wed, 2007-03-28 at 15:23 +0200, Kevin F. Quinn wrote:
 SVN consumes double the bandwidth to checkout a full tree.  It would
 also be interesting to find out why the server disk usage is 4x that of
 CVS (and what difference the choice of back-end makes).

I would bet that the file-system also makes some difference, along with
the back-end choices.  Unless Alec took this into consideration.

-- 
Chris Gianelloni
Release Engineering Strategic Lead
Alpha/AMD64/x86 Architecture Teams
Games Developer/Council Member/Foundation Trustee
Gentoo Foundation


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Re: [gentoo-dev] New ALSA maintainers

2007-03-28 Thread Daniel Drake

Jakub Moc wrote:

It not only doesn't work for me,


Bug please! :)


it doesn't work for majority of people
that have responded on this thread. So, something's wrong there I guess? :)


I don't regard this thread as quantifiable measure. Nevertheless, lets 
count the number of successes and failures on this thread so far:


jakub: failure
aslandis: failure
cardoe: failure

wltjr: success
nightmorph: success
seemant: success
kloeri: success
uberlord: success

gentoodoo: 1 each way

I'm not asking for more people to add experiences, and I'm not saying 
that in-kernel is any more reliable than alsa-driver. I'm just pointing 
out how easy it is to misinterpret the information on a thread, and how 
you cannot make the above statement.


Maybe this wasn't a serious comment, in which case I apologise for 
taking it seriously. Email sucks for communication.



Hmmm, I'm not entirely sure what are you responding to here? What I said
was that ALSA upstream won't accept bugs about in-kernel drivers - now
how's that related to whether you (or kernel upstream) support them or not?


Sorry, I can see how my response wasn't clear.

When I say I support I mean that I accept the bugs on Gentoo bugzilla 
and work them through til resolution. So, you're correct that me 
supporting something is not related to any decisions made upstream.


However, many bugs which pass through my support follow a common 
pattern: I request lots of useful info, am not able to immediately solve 
the problem myself, so I instruct the user how to file the bug upstream. 
In most cases they do so, and I track the upstream bug. And it's these 
cases I'm referring to - I've never seen any upstream bugs rejected due 
to them using in-kernel drivers.


Please understand that it wouldn't make much sense for them to reject it 
either. There is no difference personnel-wise between the people who 
release alsa-driver and the people who send patches into the kernel. If 
they were to refuse bugs from people who use kernel drivers then why do 
they spend a considerable amount of time regularly synchronising patches?



Additionally - forcing people to upgrade kernel for their sound issues
is not a solution for many of them. Kernel upgrades tend to break lots
of stuff on every minor version bump (and it's not only external modules
that upstream seems to plain hate and ignore mostly). Not exactly what
users would like to see when all they are trying to get is working
sound.


Beyond the usual statements that we aren't forcing anything:

I will not deny that there is some user convenience gained by having the 
drivers separated from the kernel. Conversely, such packages are 
maintenance nightmares and are susceptible to entire classes of bugs 
that they would not be otherwise, and these are often passed onto the 
user. Sometimes we are even forced to take drastic measures such as 
marking heavily experimental code stable.


The problem I'm solving here, I am solving from a development 
perspective. We have duplicated code and duplicated effort, and one of 
the copies currently doesn't have any real manpower taking care of it.


 Plus it's lot easier (and faster) to get patches into external

drivers than get them accepted into kernel.


I'm not sure that it is any easier, because the process of patch 
submission (file a bug) is the same.


It may be faster, but I don't think thats a big factor. We generally do 
a good job keeping on top of the kernel bug list and regularly doing 
bugfix kernel releases. Although it may be faster for maintainers to 
supply new packages like alsa-driver, it's not *that* much different.


All of the complaints so far seem to be regarding that *handling bugs* 
is more convenient for certain use cases when supported ALSA drivers are 
provided by an out-of-kernel package. (for clarity: a kernel driver not 
working IS a kernel bug, even if you have alternative ways of getting 
that hardware working)


There is some truth here. However, more importantly in my eyes, our 
development resources are thin and there are currently 0 people standing 
behind alsa-driver. Additionally our processes across the entire Gentoo 
tree are based on the assumptions that things work, and bugs are treated 
as exceptions. Sure, we accept that bugs exist, and there are plenty of 
them, and we look to improve our methods of handling them (I have 
certainly done this a lot for the kernel) but we don't revolve our 
entire system around the assumption that the packages in the stable tree 
have bugs.


What I'm trying to say is that even though there are some downsides 
here, the overall process is improved given the resources we have.


Even though I'm sure my personal opinion is clear, I don't have a strong 
stake in the ALSA herd. The real reason why alsa-driver is not getting 
any support behind it right now is that nobody is standing behind it.


If someone wants to step up and take over maintenance of alsa-driver, 
and put the required amount of 

Re: [gentoo-dev] New ALSA maintainers

2007-03-28 Thread Daniel Drake

Jakub Moc wrote:

Bryan Østergaard napsal(a):

Nobody is forcing anybody to use in-kernel drivers.


Uhm... http://bugs.gentoo.org/show_bug.cgi?id=172490


Sorry, my comments on that bug are a little unclear. I am not suggesting 
removal of alsa-driver from Portage, neither I am suggesting that the 
documentation stops documenting alsa-driver, nor am I suggesting any 
other way of forcing people to move away from it.


I am simply asking if the documentation team are willing to recommend 
the in-kernel version over the portage one, given that the in-kernel one 
is being properly maintained and the portage one is not. This is 
different from forcing someone to use in-kernel drivers.


I will add a clarification to the bug.

Thanks,
Daniel

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Re: [gentoo-dev] New ALSA maintainers

2007-03-28 Thread William L. Thomson Jr.
On Wed, 2007-03-28 at 18:05 +0200, Ioannis Aslanidis wrote:
 Anyhow, I would like to see alsa-drivers removed, but only with the
 condition that the in-kernel ALSA drivers work as expected. The bug I
 mentioned, if you reread it, you will notice that if there was no
 external alsa-driver, hda-intel would be marked broken as well, for
 some users.
 
 Just to make it short, in-kernel hda-intel works for some people, but
 it doesn't for others. 

I would be curious to know if it's just a simple not being aware of all
Chipset ID's. I know a while back when I first got my laptop, the
bcm43xx driver did not recognize my card, 4319 chipset. Being as how
it's the 4318 and more.

I went upstream, they asked me a bit of info. Turns out the driver did
not have info for 4319. They added it, and my card was recognized. Now
granted it did take a bit of time before those changes were added to
kernel sources. I had to apply a minor patch for a bit to not use
external stuff. Then there were some other issues, and still some minor
ones.

Not sure if that would apply here, where the hda-intel driver works for
some and not others. Likely have different chipsets that both should
work with that driver. If the driver is aware of all chipset ID's.

-- 
William L. Thomson Jr.
Gentoo/Java


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Re: [gentoo-dev] New ALSA maintainers

2007-03-28 Thread William L. Thomson Jr.
On Wed, 2007-03-28 at 13:54 -0400, Daniel Drake wrote:

 Even though I'm sure my personal opinion is clear, I don't have a strong 
 stake in the ALSA herd. The real reason why alsa-driver is not getting 
 any support behind it right now is that nobody is standing behind it.
 
 If someone wants to step up and take over maintenance of alsa-driver, 
 and put the required amount of time/effort into maintaining such a large 
 kernel code base outside of the kernel, then I can accept that. I can 
 accept that not everyone shares my views, and although I unintentionally 
 managed to frustrate the previous maintainer a few times, I did accept 
 that he was willing to stick by ideas just as I was prepared to stick by 
 mine.

Lack of package maintainer, makes most all discussions about alsa-driver
moot. Or any package lacking a maintainer. :)

 Everyone who is claiming that alsa-driver works and in-kernel

I personally want to see some chipset ID's. What exact chips people have
that work, and don't work. Please provide the output of 

lspci -nn

Only care about the line for your sound card. And if yours works or
doesn't and with which driver, in-kernel, or external..

Then we can say grep kenrel driver sources, or etc for that chipset ID,
and go from there :)

-- 
William L. Thomson Jr.
Gentoo/Java


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Re: [gentoo-dev] New ALSA maintainers

2007-03-28 Thread Roy Marples
On Wed, 28 Mar 2007 13:54:04 -0400
Daniel Drake [EMAIL PROTECTED] wrote:
 I'm fully 100% serious on the above. I challenge you to PROVE ME
 WRONG. I secretly hope you do, since that means I'll get a couple of 
 interesting bugs to handle and I may even be able to solve them
 myself.

There was an instance where stable kernel alsa mis-matched stable
alsa-lib and alsa-lib32 (emul soundlibs) at some point, and using
alsa-driver was the only option.

Pretty sure that was amd64, but may have been ~amd64 too.

That has since then been solved, but it was nasty and something that
really shouldn't happen. ie, kernel team didn't listen to alsa-team
didn't listen to arch teams.

Thanks

Roy
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Re: [gentoo-dev] {Guide,Project,Foo}XML too confusing for many devs?

2007-03-28 Thread Anant Narayanan

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Hash: SHA1

Hi Vlastimil,


I think it lacks advertisement, IMHO many people just know there was
such project but have no idea if it was completed or what. And  
having it
online (at least some demo) would help greatly so people can easily  
try

it out without having to install a webserver, checking out the sources
etc etc.


Yes, I think that seems to be the problem. I will try and work  
something out over the next few weeks and maybe get a demo up for  
everyone to use. gentoo.ru had one sometime back, but they removed it  
recently.


Cheers,
- --
Anant
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ApR2IyexpVCAsahv+8ak1YE=
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Re: [gentoo-dev] [soc] Python bindings for Paludis

2007-03-28 Thread Anant Narayanan

Hi Ciaran,

On 28-Mar-07, at 1:45 AM, Ciaran McCreesh wrote:

Do you acknowledge that Portage is a severe limiting factor when it
comes to improving the Gentoo user experience as a whole?


I certainly don't think so. A lot of people *switch* to Gentoo  
because of portage. Portage is a core part of our distro, and I don't  
see it being replaced for a long time to come.


Of course that doesn't mean that it doesn't have its drawbacks,  
certainly things can be done in better ways; but isn't that the case  
with all legacy software?


Cheers,
--
Anant
--
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[gentoo-dev] Re: Re: Gentoo infra backups

2007-03-28 Thread Steve Long
Michael Krelin wrote:
 Reading comparisons is one thing and using is the other. But the thing
 is, gentoo ends up with central repository, anyway. Provided the
 repository is less ancient than CVS (which is basically subversion),
 distributed users can branch it without having to have commit access.
 This hybrid model makes much more sense to me than forcing everyone to
 use DSCM. I have exercised the approach on overlay before I was granted
 commit access and now continue to work the same way pushing my branches
 back to svn. I think this possibility totally invalidates the very idea
 of DSCM importance.
 
This makes a lot of sense. Since there are people who offer facilities,
perhaps a good answer is Please set up a mirror of our anoncvs as this
will enable quicker disaster recovery. That would give redundancy for 98%
of the material, as noted, and is easily done.


-- 
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[gentoo-dev] Re: New ALSA maintainers

2007-03-28 Thread Steve Long
Daniel Drake wrote:
 I have suggested that herd support for the kernelspace side
 (alsa-driver) be slowly reduced, by redirecting users who file bugs
 against it to reproduce with the in-kernel drivers, and then let kernel
 handle the bug resolution. This will remove duplicated maintenance
 efforts.

This is perfectly reasonable where it is a card with drivers in both, but
alas-drivers supports a broader range of hardware, eg the echo audio cards
(guess who has one ;) which have never been available in-kernel.

 This will also mean no more stabling of -rc releases (and probably fewer
 of those in portage at all).

Sounds fine.

 alsa-driver won't be going away altogether, as it is still needed for
 2.4 users (but we won't support them forever) and I think it may include
 a couple of drivers which aren't yet in the kernel tree.

So the bug resolution for cards with drivers _not_ in the kernel will be to
pass them upstream if they are reproducible?
I guess I'd like some assurance that as long as alsa-drivers supports
hardware for which there are no kernel drivers, it will at least be
available in the portage tree.

It might be worth stripping duplicate drivers out of alsa-drivers altogether
so that the two might even co-exist? Would eliminate the bug duplication in
any event. From what I've read in this thread, the only area of difficulty
would be new chipsets, but then there'd be more developer time with less
bugs, and that seems to be the way things are going anyhow.

Thanks for all your hard work on the kernel.


-- 
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Re: [gentoo-dev] New ALSA maintainers

2007-03-28 Thread Joseph Jezak
 I have suggested that herd support for the kernelspace side
 (alsa-driver) be slowly reduced, by redirecting users who file bugs
 against it to reproduce with the in-kernel drivers, and then let kernel

For what it's worth, the PPC team has been suggesting the use of the
in-kernel drivers for a while now (more than a year) since things
just seem to be easier that way.

-Joe
-- 
gentoo-dev@gentoo.org mailing list



Re: [gentoo-dev] New ALSA maintainers

2007-03-28 Thread Ioannis Aslanidis

On 3/28/07, Daniel Drake [EMAIL PROTECTED] wrote:

Jakub Moc wrote:
 Bryan Østergaard napsal(a):
 Nobody is forcing anybody to use in-kernel drivers.

 Uhm... http://bugs.gentoo.org/show_bug.cgi?id=172490

Sorry, my comments on that bug are a little unclear. I am not suggesting
removal of alsa-driver from Portage, neither I am suggesting that the
documentation stops documenting alsa-driver, nor am I suggesting any
other way of forcing people to move away from it.

I am simply asking if the documentation team are willing to recommend
the in-kernel version over the portage one, given that the in-kernel one
is being properly maintained and the portage one is not. This is
different from forcing someone to use in-kernel drivers.


Now that makes much more sense to me and I agree with it. Users should
use the in-kernel driver unless it doesn't work.

--
Ioannis Aslanidis

deathwing00[at]gentoo.org 0xB9B11F4E