RE: [iagi-net-l] Erupsi besar gunungapi, abad ke 13 di Indonesia ?
Danny, tks infonya. Salam, Yatno From: Danny Hilman Natawidjaja [mailto:danny.hil...@gmail.com] Sent: Monday, July 16, 2012 2:14 PM To: iagi-net@iagi.or.id Subject: RE: [iagi-net-l] Erupsi besar gunungapi, abad ke 13 di Indonesia ? Dating carbon tentu bisa untuk ratusan tahun pak, kecuali yang umurnya dibawah 250 tahunan BP (1950) alias setelah 1700 Masehi uncertainty sangat besar. Saya lihat pada chart (di-attach) untuk koreksi umur C-14 yang 700-an tahun BP ke kalendar masehinya (=1250M) okay pak. Lab yang punya reputasi internasional bagus di Beta Analytic di http://www.radiocarbon.com/. Salam DHN From: Yustinus Suyatno Yuwono [mailto:yuw...@gc.itb.ac.id] Sent: 16 Juli 2012 13:47 To: iagi-net@iagi.or.id Subject: RE: [iagi-net-l] Erupsi besar gunungapi, abad ke 13 di Indonesia ? OK, Kalau sifatnya masih spekulatif gini ya sudah kita tunggu aja published paper- nya. Wah saya mungkin ketinggalan zaman ya, apa ada instrument baru yg bis dating charcoal sampai skala ratusan tahun? Mungkin Danny tahu lab mana ya? Salam, YSY From: Danny Hilman Natawidjaja [mailto:danny.hil...@gmail.com] Sent: Saturday, July 07, 2012 7:27 AM To: iagi-net@iagi.or.id Subject: RE: [iagi-net-l] Erupsi besar gunungapi, abad ke 13 di Indonesia ? Pak Yatno, Frank Lavigne memang belum mau bilang Gunung Api di Indonesia yang mana yang meletus tahun 1257/8 AD yang menyebabkan dunia menjadi dingin dan memasuki jaman es kecil itu (i.e. little ice age). Mungkin takut dibajak orang lain meneliti/mempublikasikannya. Tapi sebagian ahli menduga kuat yang dimaksud adalah Rinjani. Di http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mount_Rinjani disebutkan kaldera Rinjani terbentuk di Abad 13, tapi belum ada info tahun persisnya. Di copy-an berita di bawah katanya sudah ada charcoal dating yang menunjuk ke 1210-1260 AD untuk letusan Rinjani itu. Jadi bagi saya sih logis saja kalo mengajukan Rinjani sebagai tersangka-nya kalau memang info umur kaldera ini benar. Hayoo siapa yang mau ngedulu-in si Frank, buruan J Salam, DHN Di bawah ini komentar seorang ahli tentang isue Si Frank dan Rinjani itu: http://goodnewsfromindonesia.org/category/nature/ If youve been following the news out the AGU Chapman Meeting of Volcanoes the Atmospheremeeting going on this week, you might have seen some interesting news about the missing 1258 A.D. eruption. I wrote about the eruption a few months back, speculating on some potential volcanoes that could be the culprit for this climate-altering event. However, trying to match a sulfate signal on the poles with a volcano somewhere on the planet is hard, so finding that smoking gun is a challenge to say the least. However, Franck Lavigne from the Panthéon-Sorbonne Universitys Laboratory of Physical Geography in Meudon, France claimed to have solved the mystery. It isnt that simple, though. Lavigne will not reveal the site of the eruption until his study is published (it may or may not be submitted for peer review at this point). So, instead of sharing news of his discovery, he showed the data he used to solve the mystery but never revealed what volcano it was! What harm could come from Lavigne revealing his location before the article is published, especially if he is willing to show data that supposedly correlates the sulfate and ash composition in the polar record with the terrestrial record of the mystery volcano? Overall, this is shocking behavior for a geologist at a large meeting such as this people commonly discuss data and information that has not be published yet, so why Lavigne chose to do this is beyond me (unless you want to think theatrics are part of the rationale). The consensus of people at the meeting (N.B., I am not at the meeting) is that the mystery volcano is in Indonesia. Lavigne wouldnt confirm or deny this assessment, but it got me thinking what might a contender be for a caldera eruption in Indonesia during the 13th century. Indonesia is filled with volcanoes, and as I mentioned a few weeks back when I discussed a recent study by Salisbury and others (2012), we really dont have a lot of good ages for Indonesian eruptions prior to ~1800 A.D. However, one very likely candidate might be the ~6 x 8.5 km Rinjani caldera. Rinjani hosts a caldera that may have formed in the 13th century, so it not only fulfills the role of being a large eruption but also falls within the right century. We dont have any good ages for the caldera eruption beyond some charcoal dated at 1210-1260 A.D. However, with the evidence that Lavingnes volcano is in Indonesia and how little we know about the caldera eruption at Rinjani, it makes sense that Rinjani could be an excellent candidate for an eruption that could be matched with the polar sulfate and ash. At this point, all we can do is wait for Lavignes study to be published, but we might be able to narrow the search for the 1257-58 eruption to Indonesia and even to a target caldera that might be the weapon
RE: [iagi-net-l] Erupsi besar gunungapi, abad ke 13 di Indonesia ?
Mas Ban yth. Erupsi ultra-plinian dengan volume 7km kubik itu dapat mempengaruhi atmosfer global termasuk di kutub utara, sehingga mungkin saja Sulfur di kutub utara yang terkandung dalam es dapat meningkat drastic. Salam, Yatno -Original Message- From: Bandono Salim [mailto:bandon...@gmail.com] Sent: Friday, July 20, 2012 11:15 AM To: Iagi Subject: Re: [iagi-net-l] Erupsi besar gunungapi, abad ke 13 di Indonesia ? Maaf apakah kawah bromo lebih kecil dari rinjani? Apakah dengan membuat kawah seluas rinjani mampu mengirim sulfur ke kutub utara? Apakah disekitar kutub utara gn apinya tidak membawa sulfur? Powered by Telkomsel BlackBerry® -Original Message- From: Danny Hilman Natawidjaja danny.hil...@gmail.com Date: Fri, 20 Jul 2012 10:54:46 To: iagi-net@iagi.or.id Reply-To: iagi-net@iagi.or.id Subject: RE: [iagi-net-l] Erupsi besar gunungapi, abad ke 13 di Indonesia ? Puncak Erupsi Rinjani benar di Abad 13 kalo menurut literatur yang ada, seperti kata Abstract-paper di bawah ini: Eruptive history during the last 10 ky for the caldera-forming eruption ofRinjani volcano, Indonesia # Akira Takada[l], Asnawir Nasution[2], Rosgandika Mulyana[2] [I] GSJ,AIST, [2] Volcanology and Geologic Hazard Mitigation, Indonesia Rinjani volcano, Lombok island (edifice volume: 100 km3), Indonesia, had grown on the eastern flank of Central Lombok volcano complex (edifice volume: 850 km3). The eruptive history ofRinjani volcano is divided into Stratocone building stage, Low volcanic activity stage, and Syn-caldera stage. Eruption rate was kept constant during Stratocone building stage. It decreased to 0.6 km3/ky during the last period of Stratocone building stage (12000-6000 y.B.P.). Finally, it became 0.15 km3/ky during the last 5200 years before the caldera-forming eruption (6000-800 y.B.P.) (Low activity stage). At Low activity stage, eruption interval became longer than the previous stage; subplinian Propok pumice (DRE volume: 0.1 km3) and Lember lava flow (volume: 0.4 km3), Rinjani asb, and subplinian Rinjani pumice (ORE volume: 0.3 km3) occurred. Plagioclase-phyric basalt, and andesite became common for the last period of Stratocone building stage. Dacite with hydrous minerals erupted during Low activity stage. The main magma path shifted 5 km toward the eastern flank of Central Lombok volcano complex to grow Rinjani volcano at the end of the complex. Afler stratocone building, the volcanic activity migrated more 5 km eastward for Low activity stage. Pmpock pumice and Lembah lava flow erupted. Next, the activity migrated back to Rinjani summit. Rinjani ash and Rinjani pumice erupted. Syn-caldera stage started with plinian West Rinjani pumice (DRE volume: 3 km3) at the center of Central Lombok volcano complex.Segaraanak caldera collapsed with eruption of huge pyroclastic flows (The subarea! ORE volume: 7 km km3), not at Rinjani, but at the center of Central Lombok volcano complex. The dated results of seven charcoals indicate the climax of caldera forming-eruption is the period of AD 1210-1260 years B.P. The caldera collapse may have been associated with the sector collapse of the western flank of Rinjani volcano. The present caldera is 6 km x 7 km in size of rim to rim, and, in its eastern part, is connected to a horseshoe-shaped caldera of 3.5 km long and 3.5 km wide. - -Original Message- From: Budi Brahmantyo [mailto:bud...@gc.itb.ac.id] Sent: 20 Juli 2012 16:01 To: iagi-net@iagi.or.id Subject: RE: [iagi-net-l] Erupsi besar gunungapi, abad ke 13 di Indonesia ? Setahu saya Kaldera Rinjani terbentuk 14.000 tahun yang lalu (cross reference ke pak Heryadi Rachmat). BB Pak Yatno, Frank Lavigne memang belum mau bilang Gunung Api di Indonesia yang mana yang meletus tahun 1257/8 AD yang menyebabkan dunia menjadi dingin dan memasuki jaman es kecil itu (i.e. little ice age). Mungkin takut dibajak orang lain meneliti/mempublikasikannya. Tapi sebagian ahli menduga kuat yang dimaksud adalah Rinjani. Di http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mount_Rinjani disebutkan kaldera Rinjani terbentuk di Abad 13, tapi belum ada info tahun persisnya. Di copy-an berita di bawah katanya sudah ada charcoal dating yang menunjuk ke 1210-1260 AD untuk letusan Rinjani itu. Jadi bagi saya sih logis saja kalo mengajukan Rinjani sebagai tersangka-nya kalau memang info umur kaldera ini benar. Hayoo siapa yang mau ngedulu-in si Frank, buruan J Salam, DHN Di bawah ini komentar seorang ahli tentang isue Si Frank dan Rinjani itu: http://goodnewsfromindonesia.org/category/nature/ If youve been following the news out the AGU Chapman Meeting of Volcanoes the Atmospheremeeting going on this week, you might have seen some interesting news about the missing 1258 A.D. eruption. I wrote about the eruption
RE: [iagi-net-l] Erupsi besar gunungapi, abad ke 13 di Indonesia ?
Danny dan rekan-rekan. Saya barusan confirm (lewat telpon) dengan P Asnawir Nasution (salah seorang dari penulis yang abstrak-nya ditulis Danny mengenai G Rinjani). Saat ini P Asnawir lagi di Sumut dengan team Jepang utk penelitian gunungapi di sana. Menurut Bang Asnawir memang umur erupsi pembentukan kaldera antara abad 11 dan 13 dari carbon dating produk tefra- nya. Tapi menurut dia masih akan di confirm lagi dengan menggali sejarah dan catatan karena kejadiannya pada jaman sejarah, bukan pra- sejarah. Sejauh ini dia belum berhasil menemukan catatan-2 yang dimaksud maupun legenda/ cerita rakyat. Kalo memang dating tersebut akurat, wah..kita punya Vesuvius dong, bedanya Letusan Vesuvius ter- record sejarah, bahkan Pliny yang mendiskripsi letusan tersebut (bukan ilmuwan gunungapi), namanya diabadikan sampai sekarang, yaitu letusan maha dahsyat disebut sebagai Type Plinian. Bahkan kita mungkin akan mendapatkan fosil manusia/ binatang pada endapan tefra ybs, seperti di Vesuvius? Salam, Yatno
Re: [iagi-net-l] Erupsi besar gunungapi, abad ke 13 di Indonesia ?
Wah hebat juga ya, apakah ada debu juga, sehingga kita yakin bahwa itu ledakan dari suatu gn api? Pertanyaan ku aku ulang lagi, apakah gn api di icelandia tidak menghasilkan sulfur? Sehingga memaksakan ambil sulfur dari daerah tropis? Apakah hujan sulfurnya tidak terbagi merata? Pertanyaan dari yang tidak faham gerakan udara dan hujan sulfur. Terimakasih atas pencerahannya. Salam. Powered by Telkomsel BlackBerry® -Original Message- From: Yustinus Suyatno Yuwono yuw...@gc.itb.ac.id Date: Mon, 30 Jul 2012 15:27:17 To: iagi-net@iagi.or.id Reply-To: iagi-net@iagi.or.id Subject: RE: [iagi-net-l] Erupsi besar gunungapi, abad ke 13 di Indonesia ? Mas Ban yth. Erupsi ultra-plinian dengan volume 7km kubik itu dapat mempengaruhi atmosfer global termasuk di kutub utara, sehingga mungkin saja Sulfur di kutub utara yang terkandung dalam es dapat meningkat drastic. Salam, Yatno -Original Message- From: Bandono Salim [mailto:bandon...@gmail.com] Sent: Friday, July 20, 2012 11:15 AM To: Iagi Subject: Re: [iagi-net-l] Erupsi besar gunungapi, abad ke 13 di Indonesia ? Maaf apakah kawah bromo lebih kecil dari rinjani? Apakah dengan membuat kawah seluas rinjani mampu mengirim sulfur ke kutub utara? Apakah disekitar kutub utara gn apinya tidak membawa sulfur? Powered by Telkomsel BlackBerry® -Original Message- From: Danny Hilman Natawidjaja danny.hil...@gmail.com Date: Fri, 20 Jul 2012 10:54:46 To: iagi-net@iagi.or.id Reply-To: iagi-net@iagi.or.id Subject: RE: [iagi-net-l] Erupsi besar gunungapi, abad ke 13 di Indonesia ? Puncak Erupsi Rinjani benar di Abad 13 kalo menurut literatur yang ada, seperti kata Abstract-paper di bawah ini: Eruptive history during the last 10 ky for the caldera-forming eruption ofRinjani volcano, Indonesia # Akira Takada[l], Asnawir Nasution[2], Rosgandika Mulyana[2] [I] GSJ,AIST, [2] Volcanology and Geologic Hazard Mitigation, Indonesia Rinjani volcano, Lombok island (edifice volume: 100 km3), Indonesia, had grown on the eastern flank of Central Lombok volcano complex (edifice volume: 850 km3). The eruptive history ofRinjani volcano is divided into Stratocone building stage, Low volcanic activity stage, and Syn-caldera stage. Eruption rate was kept constant during Stratocone building stage. It decreased to 0.6 km3/ky during the last period of Stratocone building stage (12000-6000 y.B.P.). Finally, it became 0.15 km3/ky during the last 5200 years before the caldera-forming eruption (6000-800 y.B.P.) (Low activity stage). At Low activity stage, eruption interval became longer than the previous stage; subplinian Propok pumice (DRE volume: 0.1 km3) and Lember lava flow (volume: 0.4 km3), Rinjani asb, and subplinian Rinjani pumice (ORE volume: 0.3 km3) occurred. Plagioclase-phyric basalt, and andesite became common for the last period of Stratocone building stage. Dacite with hydrous minerals erupted during Low activity stage. The main magma path shifted 5 km toward the eastern flank of Central Lombok volcano complex to grow Rinjani volcano at the end of the complex. Afler stratocone building, the volcanic activity migrated more 5 km eastward for Low activity stage. Pmpock pumice and Lembah lava flow erupted. Next, the activity migrated back to Rinjani summit. Rinjani ash and Rinjani pumice erupted. Syn-caldera stage started with plinian West Rinjani pumice (DRE volume: 3 km3) at the center of Central Lombok volcano complex.Segaraanak caldera collapsed with eruption of huge pyroclastic flows (The subarea! ORE volume: 7 km km3), not at Rinjani, but at the center of Central Lombok volcano complex. The dated results of seven charcoals indicate the climax of caldera forming-eruption is the period of AD 1210-1260 years B.P. The caldera collapse may have been associated with the sector collapse of the western flank of Rinjani volcano. The present caldera is 6 km x 7 km in size of rim to rim, and, in its eastern part, is connected to a horseshoe-shaped caldera of 3.5 km long and 3.5 km wide. - -Original Message- From: Budi Brahmantyo [mailto:bud...@gc.itb.ac.id] Sent: 20 Juli 2012 16:01 To: iagi-net@iagi.or.id Subject: RE: [iagi-net-l] Erupsi besar gunungapi, abad ke 13 di Indonesia ? Setahu saya Kaldera Rinjani terbentuk 14.000 tahun yang lalu (cross reference ke pak Heryadi Rachmat). BB Pak Yatno, Frank Lavigne memang belum mau bilang Gunung Api di Indonesia yang mana yang meletus tahun 1257/8 AD yang menyebabkan dunia menjadi dingin dan memasuki jaman es kecil itu (i.e. little ice age). Mungkin takut dibajak orang lain meneliti/mempublikasikannya. Tapi sebagian ahli menduga kuat yang dimaksud adalah Rinjani. Di http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mount_Rinjani disebutkan kaldera Rinjani terbentuk di Abad 13, tapi belum ada info tahun persisnya. Di copy-an berita di
RE: [iagi-net-l] Erupsi besar gunungapi, abad ke 13 di Indonesia ?
Setahu saya Kaldera Rinjani terbentuk 14.000 tahun yang lalu (cross reference ke pak Heryadi Rachmat). BB Pak Yatno, Frank Lavigne memang belum mau bilang Gunung Api di Indonesia yang mana yang meletus tahun 1257/8 AD yang menyebabkan dunia menjadi dingin dan memasuki jaman es kecil itu (i.e. little ice age). Mungkin takut dibajak orang lain meneliti/mempublikasikannya. Tapi sebagian ahli menduga kuat yang dimaksud adalah Rinjani. Di http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mount_Rinjani disebutkan kaldera Rinjani terbentuk di Abad 13, tapi belum ada info tahun persisnya. Di copy-an berita di bawah katanya sudah ada charcoal dating yang menunjuk ke 1210-1260 AD untuk letusan Rinjani itu. Jadi bagi saya sih logis saja kalo mengajukan Rinjani sebagai tersangka-nya kalau memang info umur kaldera ini benar. Hayoo siapa yang mau ngedulu-in si Frank, buruan J Salam, DHN Di bawah ini komentar seorang ahli tentang isue Si Frank dan Rinjani itu: http://goodnewsfromindonesia.org/category/nature/ If youve been following the news out the AGU Chapman Meeting of Volcanoes the Atmospheremeeting going on this week, you might have seen some interesting news about the missing 1258 A.D. eruption. I wrote about the eruption a few months back, speculating on some potential volcanoes that could be the culprit for this climate-altering event. However, trying to match a sulfate signal on the poles with a volcano somewhere on the planet is hard, so finding that smoking gun is a challenge to say the least. However, Franck Lavigne from the Panthéon-Sorbonne Universitys Laboratory of Physical Geography in Meudon, France claimed to have solved the mystery. It isnt that simple, though. Lavigne will not reveal the site of the eruption until his study is published (it may or may not be submitted for peer review at this point). So, instead of sharing news of his discovery, he showed the data he used to solve the mystery but never revealed what volcano it was! What harm could come from Lavigne revealing his location before the article is published, especially if he is willing to show data that supposedly correlates the sulfate and ash composition in the polar record with the terrestrial record of the mystery volcano? Overall, this is shocking behavior for a geologist at a large meeting such as this people commonly discuss data and information that has not be published yet, so why Lavigne chose to do this is beyond me (unless you want to think theatrics are part of the rationale). The consensus of people at the meeting (N.B., I am not at the meeting) is that the mystery volcano is in Indonesia. Lavigne wouldnt confirm or deny this assessment, but it got me thinking what might a contender be for a caldera eruption in Indonesia during the 13th century. Indonesia is filled with volcanoes, and as I mentioned a few weeks back when I discussed a recent study by Salisbury and others (2012), we really dont have a lot of good ages for Indonesian eruptions prior to ~1800 A.D. However, one very likely candidate might be the ~6 x 8.5 km Rinjani caldera. Rinjani hosts a caldera that may have formed in the 13th century, so it not only fulfills the role of being a large eruption but also falls within the right century. We dont have any good ages for the caldera eruption beyond some charcoal dated at 1210-1260 A.D. However, with the evidence that Lavingnes volcano is in Indonesia and how little we know about the caldera eruption at Rinjani, it makes sense that Rinjani could be an excellent candidate for an eruption that could be matched with the polar sulfate and ash. At this point, all we can do is wait for Lavignes study to be published, but we might be able to narrow the search for the 1257-58 eruption to Indonesia and even to a target caldera that might be the weapon of choice. From: Yustinus Suyatno Yuwono [mailto:yuw...@gc.itb.ac.id] Sent: 06 Juli 2012 15:23 To: iagi-net@iagi.or.id Subject: RE: [iagi-net-l] Erupsi besar gunungapi, abad ke 13 di Indonesia ? Rekan Danny, Gak peduli Bule atau Melayu, kalo statement nya (maaf) terlalu berani dan menurut saya (terbatas pada disiplin ilmu yang saya tekuni) kurang logis ya saya akan berikan opini. Contohnya ini: G. Rinjani meletus dengan skala letusan 7 pada abat 13 Begitu bodohnya orang Indonesia pada waktu itukah, sehingga sama sekali tidak ada catatan mengenai peristiwa alam begitu dahsyatnya? Misal dalam Babat Tanah Jawi atau legenda rakyat dan sejenisnya (barangkali Awang Satyana bisa memberi pencerahan krn koleksi bukunya luar biasa, sebagai referensi). Kedua, tidak ada catatan dari Direktorat Volkanologi yang pernah saya baca dan dengar mengenai super erupsi Rinjani pada abat tersebut? Ketiga, data yang kita lihat lewat satelit dapat memperlihatkan berapa ukuran kaldera dari G Rinjani ini yang diakibatkan super erupsi ini? Kalau melihat ukuran kalderanya mungkin
RE: [iagi-net-l] Erupsi besar gunungapi, abad ke 13 di Indonesia ?
Puncak Erupsi Rinjani benar di Abad 13 kalo menurut literatur yang ada, seperti kata Abstract-paper di bawah ini: Eruptive history during the last 10 ky for the caldera-forming eruption ofRinjani volcano, Indonesia # Akira Takada[l], Asnawir Nasution[2], Rosgandika Mulyana[2] [I] GSJ,AIST, [2] Volcanology and Geologic Hazard Mitigation, Indonesia Rinjani volcano, Lombok island (edifice volume: 100 km3), Indonesia, had grown on the eastern flank of Central Lombok volcano complex (edifice volume: 850 km3). The eruptive history ofRinjani volcano is divided into Stratocone building stage, Low volcanic activity stage, and Syn-caldera stage. Eruption rate was kept constant during Stratocone building stage. It decreased to 0.6 km3/ky during the last period of Stratocone building stage (12000-6000 y.B.P.). Finally, it became 0.15 km3/ky during the last 5200 years before the caldera-forming eruption (6000-800 y.B.P.) (Low activity stage). At Low activity stage, eruption interval became longer than the previous stage; subplinian Propok pumice (DRE volume: 0.1 km3) and Lember lava flow (volume: 0.4 km3), Rinjani asb, and subplinian Rinjani pumice (ORE volume: 0.3 km3) occurred. Plagioclase-phyric basalt, and andesite became common for the last period of Stratocone building stage. Dacite with hydrous minerals erupted during Low activity stage. The main magma path shifted 5 km toward the eastern flank of Central Lombok volcano complex to grow Rinjani volcano at the end of the complex. Afler stratocone building, the volcanic activity migrated more 5 km eastward for Low activity stage. Pmpock pumice and Lembah lava flow erupted. Next, the activity migrated back to Rinjani summit. Rinjani ash and Rinjani pumice erupted. Syn-caldera stage started with plinian West Rinjani pumice (DRE volume: 3 km3) at the center of Central Lombok volcano complex.Segaraanak caldera collapsed with eruption of huge pyroclastic flows (The subarea! ORE volume: 7 km km3), not at Rinjani, but at the center of Central Lombok volcano complex. The dated results of seven charcoals indicate the climax of caldera forming-eruption is the period of AD 1210-1260 years B.P. The caldera collapse may have been associated with the sector collapse of the western flank of Rinjani volcano. The present caldera is 6 km x 7 km in size of rim to rim, and, in its eastern part, is connected to a horseshoe-shaped caldera of 3.5 km long and 3.5 km wide. - -Original Message- From: Budi Brahmantyo [mailto:bud...@gc.itb.ac.id] Sent: 20 Juli 2012 16:01 To: iagi-net@iagi.or.id Subject: RE: [iagi-net-l] Erupsi besar gunungapi, abad ke 13 di Indonesia ? Setahu saya Kaldera Rinjani terbentuk 14.000 tahun yang lalu (cross reference ke pak Heryadi Rachmat). BB Pak Yatno, Frank Lavigne memang belum mau bilang Gunung Api di Indonesia yang mana yang meletus tahun 1257/8 AD yang menyebabkan dunia menjadi dingin dan memasuki jaman es kecil itu (i.e. little ice age). Mungkin takut dibajak orang lain meneliti/mempublikasikannya. Tapi sebagian ahli menduga kuat yang dimaksud adalah Rinjani. Di http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mount_Rinjani disebutkan kaldera Rinjani terbentuk di Abad 13, tapi belum ada info tahun persisnya. Di copy-an berita di bawah katanya sudah ada charcoal dating yang menunjuk ke 1210-1260 AD untuk letusan Rinjani itu. Jadi bagi saya sih logis saja kalo mengajukan Rinjani sebagai tersangka-nya kalau memang info umur kaldera ini benar. Hayoo siapa yang mau ngedulu-in si Frank, buruan J Salam, DHN Di bawah ini komentar seorang ahli tentang isue Si Frank dan Rinjani itu: http://goodnewsfromindonesia.org/category/nature/ If youve been following the news out the AGU Chapman Meeting of Volcanoes the Atmospheremeeting going on this week, you might have seen some interesting news about the missing 1258 A.D. eruption. I wrote about the eruption a few months back, speculating on some potential volcanoes that could be the culprit for this climate-altering event. However, trying to match a sulfate signal on the poles with a volcano somewhere on the planet is hard, so finding that smoking gun is a challenge to say the least. However, Franck Lavigne from the Panthéon-Sorbonne Universitys Laboratory of Physical Geography in Meudon, France claimed to have solved the mystery. It isnt that simple, though. Lavigne will not reveal the site of the eruption until his study is published (it may or may not be submitted for peer review at this point). So, instead of sharing news of his discovery, he showed the data he used to solve the mystery but never revealed what volcano it was! What harm could come from Lavigne revealing his location before the article is published, especially if he is willing to show data
Re: [iagi-net-l] Erupsi besar gunungapi, abad ke 13 di Indonesia ?
Maaf apakah kawah bromo lebih kecil dari rinjani? Apakah dengan membuat kawah seluas rinjani mampu mengirim sulfur ke kutub utara? Apakah disekitar kutub utara gn apinya tidak membawa sulfur? Powered by Telkomsel BlackBerry® -Original Message- From: Danny Hilman Natawidjaja danny.hil...@gmail.com Date: Fri, 20 Jul 2012 10:54:46 To: iagi-net@iagi.or.id Reply-To: iagi-net@iagi.or.id Subject: RE: [iagi-net-l] Erupsi besar gunungapi, abad ke 13 di Indonesia ? Puncak Erupsi Rinjani benar di Abad 13 kalo menurut literatur yang ada, seperti kata Abstract-paper di bawah ini: Eruptive history during the last 10 ky for the caldera-forming eruption ofRinjani volcano, Indonesia # Akira Takada[l], Asnawir Nasution[2], Rosgandika Mulyana[2] [I] GSJ,AIST, [2] Volcanology and Geologic Hazard Mitigation, Indonesia Rinjani volcano, Lombok island (edifice volume: 100 km3), Indonesia, had grown on the eastern flank of Central Lombok volcano complex (edifice volume: 850 km3). The eruptive history ofRinjani volcano is divided into Stratocone building stage, Low volcanic activity stage, and Syn-caldera stage. Eruption rate was kept constant during Stratocone building stage. It decreased to 0.6 km3/ky during the last period of Stratocone building stage (12000-6000 y.B.P.). Finally, it became 0.15 km3/ky during the last 5200 years before the caldera-forming eruption (6000-800 y.B.P.) (Low activity stage). At Low activity stage, eruption interval became longer than the previous stage; subplinian Propok pumice (DRE volume: 0.1 km3) and Lember lava flow (volume: 0.4 km3), Rinjani asb, and subplinian Rinjani pumice (ORE volume: 0.3 km3) occurred. Plagioclase-phyric basalt, and andesite became common for the last period of Stratocone building stage. Dacite with hydrous minerals erupted during Low activity stage. The main magma path shifted 5 km toward the eastern flank of Central Lombok volcano complex to grow Rinjani volcano at the end of the complex. Afler stratocone building, the volcanic activity migrated more 5 km eastward for Low activity stage. Pmpock pumice and Lembah lava flow erupted. Next, the activity migrated back to Rinjani summit. Rinjani ash and Rinjani pumice erupted. Syn-caldera stage started with plinian West Rinjani pumice (DRE volume: 3 km3) at the center of Central Lombok volcano complex.Segaraanak caldera collapsed with eruption of huge pyroclastic flows (The subarea! ORE volume: 7 km km3), not at Rinjani, but at the center of Central Lombok volcano complex. The dated results of seven charcoals indicate the climax of caldera forming-eruption is the period of AD 1210-1260 years B.P. The caldera collapse may have been associated with the sector collapse of the western flank of Rinjani volcano. The present caldera is 6 km x 7 km in size of rim to rim, and, in its eastern part, is connected to a horseshoe-shaped caldera of 3.5 km long and 3.5 km wide. - -Original Message- From: Budi Brahmantyo [mailto:bud...@gc.itb.ac.id] Sent: 20 Juli 2012 16:01 To: iagi-net@iagi.or.id Subject: RE: [iagi-net-l] Erupsi besar gunungapi, abad ke 13 di Indonesia ? Setahu saya Kaldera Rinjani terbentuk 14.000 tahun yang lalu (cross reference ke pak Heryadi Rachmat). BB Pak Yatno, Frank Lavigne memang belum mau bilang Gunung Api di Indonesia yang mana yang meletus tahun 1257/8 AD yang menyebabkan dunia menjadi dingin dan memasuki jaman es kecil itu (i.e. little ice age). Mungkin takut dibajak orang lain meneliti/mempublikasikannya. Tapi sebagian ahli menduga kuat yang dimaksud adalah Rinjani. Di http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mount_Rinjani disebutkan kaldera Rinjani terbentuk di Abad 13, tapi belum ada info tahun persisnya. Di copy-an berita di bawah katanya sudah ada charcoal dating yang menunjuk ke 1210-1260 AD untuk letusan Rinjani itu. Jadi bagi saya sih logis saja kalo mengajukan Rinjani sebagai tersangka-nya kalau memang info umur kaldera ini benar. Hayoo siapa yang mau ngedulu-in si Frank, buruan J Salam, DHN Di bawah ini komentar seorang ahli tentang isue Si Frank dan Rinjani itu: http://goodnewsfromindonesia.org/category/nature/ If you’ve been following the news out the AGU Chapman Meeting of Volcanoes the Atmospheremeeting going on this week, you might have seen some interesting news about the missing 1258 A.D. eruption. I wrote about the eruption a few months back, speculating on some potential volcanoes that could be the culprit for this climate-altering event. However, trying to match a sulfate signal on the poles with a volcano somewhere on the planet is hard, so finding that “smoking gun” is a challenge to say the least. However, Franck Lavigne from the Panthéon-Sorbonne University’s Laboratory of Physical Geography in Meudon, France claimed to have
RE: [iagi-net-l] Erupsi besar gunungapi, abad ke 13 di Indonesia ?
Sejak Jurusan Geofisika misah dengan Jurusan Geologi, dan disertasi saya (1987) topic Petrologi Produk Volkanik. Salam, YSY From: ok.taufik [mailto:ok.tau...@gmail.com] Sent: Friday, July 06, 2012 4:14 PM To: iagi-net@iagi.or.id Subject: Re: [iagi-net-l] Erupsi besar gunungapi, abad ke 13 di Indonesia ? Pak Yatno, Sepengetahuan saya bapak kan dulunya di bawah alm. Pak Rubini di bidang petrologi, saat itu yg ngajar mk vulkanologi adalah pak Djoko (dikti sekarang) sejak kapan ke vulkanologinya?. Rgds OK Taufik Powered by Telkomsel BlackBerry® _ From: Yustinus Suyatno Yuwono yuw...@gc.itb.ac.id Date: Fri, 6 Jul 2012 15:45:01 +0700 To: iagi-net@iagi.or.id ReplyTo: iagi-net@iagi.or.id Subject: RE: [iagi-net-l] Erupsi besar gunungapi, abad ke 13 di Indonesia ? Danny, Kalo masalah ilmu, saya gak peduli Bule atau Melayu. Th. 1979 (saya lulus S-1 th 1976), waktu saya jadi counterpart sbg hydrogeologist proyek air minum di Solo (di bawah Cipta Karya), saya menendang keluar hydrogeologis Bule dan Team Leader-nya (yang dua2 nya orang Amrik) sampai mereka nangis-2 karena ada klausul: kalau tidak kapabel dapat diputus kontrak tanpa pesangon maupun tiket pesawat. Caranya, saya lapor ke Pak Dirjen (padahal saya bukan orang Cipta Karya, saya hanya di- hired oleh konsultan local untuk counterparting dengan expatriate), mereka itu tidak becus, saya minta mereka diganti expert yang lebih capable, alasan saya sangat logis: setelah 6 bulan proyek berjalan, tidak ada progress berarti, padahal saya sudah cape kumpulkan data lapangan maupun data sekunder. Betul, setelah diganti expert (nama expert penggantinya saya masih ingat, yaitu Dr. Turner), dalam waktu 2 minggu laporan akhir sudah selesai dan dia memuji kualitas data yang saya kumpulkan, bahkan dari beliau-lah saya belajar hydrogeology secara benar, karena pada waktu itu di Indonesia belum ada ahli hydrogeology nya, semua autodidak, di kampus belum ada dosen maupun mata kuliah hidrogeologi. Salam, YSY From: Danny Hilman Natawidjaja [mailto:danny.hil...@gmail.com] Sent: Tuesday, July 03, 2012 1:39 PM To: iagi-net@iagi.or.id Subject: RE: [iagi-net-l] Erupsi besar gunungapi, abad ke 13 di Indonesia ? He he he, kalo ahli tsunami tapi bule yang ikut-ikutan meneliti gunung api didukung ya Pak ... J Saya mancing aja kok; Setuju banget, jangankan masih geologist yang neliti gunung api, orang yang nemuin konstruksi cakar ayam aja ahli mesin bukan sipil. Saya kebetulan menemukan signal erupsi Tambora tahun 1815 itu di cora rings karena waktu itu sedang menganalisa Gempa raksasa tahun 1797 dan 1833 di Mentawai. Nah diantaranya ada sinyal/anomali aneh diantaranya tahun 1815 dan ternyata dari abu tambora. Saya sekarang sedang meneliti gempa besar dalam abad 13 di Mentawai (sudah punya banyak sekali sampel koral dari abad 13), siapa tahu nanti ketemu bukti letusan gunung api tahun 1258 itu. Susahnya untuk itu perlu analisa isotop yang cukup intensif dan kita di sini engga punya lab. yang bagus. Salam DHN From: Yustinus Suyatno Yuwono [mailto:yuw...@gc.itb.ac.id] Sent: 03 Juli 2012 12:13 To: iagi-net@iagi.or.id Subject: RE: [iagi-net-l] Erupsi besar gunungapi, abad ke 13 di Indonesia ? Ya Danny, tlg confirm dengan coral reef ini kan bidang keahlian anda, kontribusi anda sangat kita perlukan. Meskipun Lavigne bukan volcanologist temuannya wajib kita apresiasi. Saya ingat Haroun Tassief yg bukan volcanologist, tapi dokumentasinya banyak di apresiasi oleh para volcanologist dunia. Selamat berburu koral berumur abat 13. Salam, YSY From: danny.hil...@gmail.com [mailto:danny.hil...@gmail.com] Sent: Saturday, June 16, 2012 10:12 PM To: iagi-net@iagi.or.id Subject: Re: [iagi-net-l] Erupsi besar gunungapi, abad ke 13 di Indonesia ? Di artikel itu disebutkan ada data treering dan historical record di seluruh dunia, jadI wajar saja kalo akurasinya bisa 1-2 tahun. Yang dperdebatkan adalah gunung yang mana? Surprise juga kalo G Rinjani yg meletus kita yang punya gunung ga tahu, malah orang luar yg nemukannya. Padahal seharusnya ada dalam sejarah (masa Majapahit). Bagaimana impact-nya ke masyarakat/kerajaan waktu itu ya? Kalo benar Rinjani, satu fakta nyata kita sangat sedikit mempelajari sejarah dan bencana2 di massa lalu. Saya akan cari juga di data coral rings sekitar tahun itu, sisapa tahu ada sesuatu. Yg jelas data erupsi Tambora 1815 terlihat jelas pada rekaman koral. Frank Lavigne itu rasanya bukan volcanologist. Dia dulu ikut studi tsunami Aceh dan membuat film dan animasi yg bagus. Dia istrinya orang Jogya klo ga salah. Salam DHN Danny Hilman Natawidjaja LabEarth (Laboratory for Earth Hazards) Geoteknologi - LIPI _ From: Franciscus B Sinartio fbsinar...@yahoo.com Date: Sat, 16 Jun 2012 05:42:53 -0700 (PDT) To: iagi-net@iagi.or.id mailto:iagi-net@iagi.or.id%3ciagi-...@iagi.or.id iagi-net@iagi.or.id ReplyTo: iagi-net@iagi.or.id Subject: Re: [iagi-net-l
RE: [iagi-net-l] Erupsi besar gunungapi, abad ke 13 di Indonesia ?
OK, Kalau sifatnya masih spekulatif gini ya sudah kita tunggu aja published paper- nya. Wah saya mungkin ketinggalan zaman ya, apa ada instrument baru yg bis dating charcoal sampai skala ratusan tahun? Mungkin Danny tahu lab mana ya? Salam, YSY From: Danny Hilman Natawidjaja [mailto:danny.hil...@gmail.com] Sent: Saturday, July 07, 2012 7:27 AM To: iagi-net@iagi.or.id Subject: RE: [iagi-net-l] Erupsi besar gunungapi, abad ke 13 di Indonesia ? Pak Yatno, Frank Lavigne memang belum mau bilang Gunung Api di Indonesia yang mana yang meletus tahun 1257/8 AD yang menyebabkan dunia menjadi dingin dan memasuki jaman es kecil itu (i.e. little ice age). Mungkin takut dibajak orang lain meneliti/mempublikasikannya. Tapi sebagian ahli menduga kuat yang dimaksud adalah Rinjani. Di http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mount_Rinjani disebutkan kaldera Rinjani terbentuk di Abad 13, tapi belum ada info tahun persisnya. Di copy-an berita di bawah katanya sudah ada charcoal dating yang menunjuk ke 1210-1260 AD untuk letusan Rinjani itu. Jadi bagi saya sih logis saja kalo mengajukan Rinjani sebagai tersangka-nya kalau memang info umur kaldera ini benar. Hayoo siapa yang mau ngedulu-in si Frank, buruan J Salam, DHN Di bawah ini komentar seorang ahli tentang isue Si Frank dan Rinjani itu: http://goodnewsfromindonesia.org/category/nature/ If youve been following the news out the AGU Chapman Meeting of Volcanoes the Atmospheremeeting going on this week, you might have seen some interesting news about the missing 1258 A.D. eruption. I wrote about the eruption a few months back, speculating on some potential volcanoes that could be the culprit for this climate-altering event. However, trying to match a sulfate signal on the poles with a volcano somewhere on the planet is hard, so finding that smoking gun is a challenge to say the least. However, Franck Lavigne from the Panthéon-Sorbonne Universitys Laboratory of Physical Geography in Meudon, France claimed to have solved the mystery. It isnt that simple, though. Lavigne will not reveal the site of the eruption until his study is published (it may or may not be submitted for peer review at this point). So, instead of sharing news of his discovery, he showed the data he used to solve the mystery but never revealed what volcano it was! What harm could come from Lavigne revealing his location before the article is published, especially if he is willing to show data that supposedly correlates the sulfate and ash composition in the polar record with the terrestrial record of the mystery volcano? Overall, this is shocking behavior for a geologist at a large meeting such as this people commonly discuss data and information that has not be published yet, so why Lavigne chose to do this is beyond me (unless you want to think theatrics are part of the rationale). The consensus of people at the meeting (N.B., I am not at the meeting) is that the mystery volcano is in Indonesia. Lavigne wouldnt confirm or deny this assessment, but it got me thinking what might a contender be for a caldera eruption in Indonesia during the 13th century. Indonesia is filled with volcanoes, and as I mentioned a few weeks back when I discussed a recent study by Salisbury and others (2012), we really dont have a lot of good ages for Indonesian eruptions prior to ~1800 A.D. However, one very likely candidate might be the ~6 x 8.5 km Rinjani caldera. Rinjani hosts a caldera that may have formed in the 13th century, so it not only fulfills the role of being a large eruption but also falls within the right century. We dont have any good ages for the caldera eruption beyond some charcoal dated at 1210-1260 A.D. However, with the evidence that Lavingnes volcano is in Indonesia and how little we know about the caldera eruption at Rinjani, it makes sense that Rinjani could be an excellent candidate for an eruption that could be matched with the polar sulfate and ash. At this point, all we can do is wait for Lavignes study to be published, but we might be able to narrow the search for the 1257-58 eruption to Indonesia and even to a target caldera that might be the weapon of choice. From: Yustinus Suyatno Yuwono [mailto:yuw...@gc.itb.ac.id] Sent: 06 Juli 2012 15:23 To: iagi-net@iagi.or.id Subject: RE: [iagi-net-l] Erupsi besar gunungapi, abad ke 13 di Indonesia ? Rekan Danny, Gak peduli Bule atau Melayu, kalo statement nya (maaf) terlalu berani dan menurut saya (terbatas pada disiplin ilmu yang saya tekuni) kurang logis ya saya akan berikan opini. Contohnya ini: G. Rinjani meletus dengan skala letusan 7 pada abat 13 Begitu bodohnya orang Indonesia pada waktu itukah, sehingga sama sekali tidak ada catatan mengenai peristiwa alam begitu dahsyatnya? Misal dalam Babat Tanah Jawi atau legenda rakyat dan sejenisnya (barangkali Awang Satyana bisa memberi pencerahan krn koleksi bukunya luar biasa, sebagai referensi). Kedua, tidak ada catatan dari Direktorat
Re: [iagi-net-l] Erupsi besar gunungapi, abad ke 13 di Indonesia ?
Kalau tahun itu kan sudah banyak kerajaan di nusantara, banyak buku sdh dibuat, kenapa tidak ada setidak2nya cerita tentang ledakan besar rinjani? Mohon maaf, apakah kaldera rinjani lbh besar dari Toba dan atau krakatau? Mencari legenda berdasar kisah di sekitar rinjani kan dpat dilakukan, bukankah ini juga studi besar bagi tim bencana purba? Salam. Powered by Telkomsel BlackBerry® -Original Message- From: Yustinus Suyatno Yuwono yuw...@gc.itb.ac.id Date: Mon, 16 Jul 2012 13:47:11 To: iagi-net@iagi.or.id Reply-To: iagi-net@iagi.or.id Subject: RE: [iagi-net-l] Erupsi besar gunungapi, abad ke 13 di Indonesia ? OK, Kalau sifatnya masih spekulatif gini ya sudah kita tunggu aja published paper- nya. Wah saya mungkin ketinggalan zaman ya, apa ada instrument baru yg bis dating charcoal sampai skala ratusan tahun? Mungkin Danny tahu lab mana ya? Salam, YSY From: Danny Hilman Natawidjaja [mailto:danny.hil...@gmail.com] Sent: Saturday, July 07, 2012 7:27 AM To: iagi-net@iagi.or.id Subject: RE: [iagi-net-l] Erupsi besar gunungapi, abad ke 13 di Indonesia ? Pak Yatno, Frank Lavigne memang belum mau bilang Gunung Api di Indonesia yang mana yang meletus tahun 1257/8 AD yang menyebabkan dunia menjadi dingin dan memasuki jaman es kecil itu (i.e. little ice age). Mungkin takut dibajak orang lain meneliti/mempublikasikannya. Tapi sebagian ahli menduga kuat yang dimaksud adalah Rinjani. Di http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mount_Rinjani disebutkan kaldera Rinjani terbentuk di Abad 13, tapi belum ada info tahun persisnya. Di copy-an berita di bawah katanya sudah ada charcoal dating yang menunjuk ke 1210-1260 AD untuk letusan Rinjani itu. Jadi bagi saya sih logis saja kalo mengajukan Rinjani sebagai tersangka-nya kalau memang info umur kaldera ini benar. Hayoo siapa yang mau ngedulu-in si Frank, buruan J Salam, DHN Di bawah ini komentar seorang ahli tentang isue Si Frank dan Rinjani itu: http://goodnewsfromindonesia.org/category/nature/ If you’ve been following the news out the AGU Chapman Meeting of Volcanoes the Atmospheremeeting going on this week, you might have seen some interesting news about the missing 1258 A.D. eruption. I wrote about the eruption a few months back, speculating on some potential volcanoes that could be the culprit for this climate-altering event. However, trying to match a sulfate signal on the poles with a volcano somewhere on the planet is hard, so finding that “smoking gun” is a challenge to say the least. However, Franck Lavigne from the Panthéon-Sorbonne University’s Laboratory of Physical Geography in Meudon, France claimed to have solved the mystery. It isn’t that simple, though. Lavigne will not reveal the site of the eruption until his study is published (it may or may not be submitted for peer review at this point). So, instead of sharing news of his discovery, he showed the data he used to “solve” the mystery … but never revealed what volcano it was! What harm could come from Lavigne revealing his location before the article is published, especially if he is willing to show data that supposedly correlates the sulfate and ash composition in the polar record with the terrestrial record of the mystery volcano? Overall, this is shocking behavior for a geologist at a large meeting such as this – people commonly discuss data and information that has not be published yet, so why Lavigne chose to do this is beyond me (unless you want to think theatrics are part of the rationale). The consensus of people at the meeting (N.B., I am not at the meeting) is that the mystery volcano is in Indonesia. Lavigne wouldn’t confirm or deny this assessment, but it got me thinking – what might a contender be for a caldera eruption in Indonesia during the 13th century. Indonesia is filled with volcanoes, and as I mentioned a few weeks back when I discussed a recent study by Salisbury and others (2012), we really don’t have a lot of good ages for Indonesian eruptions prior to ~1800 A.D. However, one very likely candidate might be the ~6 x 8.5 km Rinjani caldera. Rinjani hosts a caldera that may have formed in the 13th century, so it not only fulfills the role of being a large eruption but also falls within the right century. We don’t have any good ages for the caldera eruption beyond some charcoal dated at 1210-1260 A.D. However, with the evidence that Lavingne’s volcano is in Indonesia and how little we know about the caldera eruption at Rinjani, it makes sense that Rinjani could be an excellent candidate for an eruption that could be matched with the polar sulfate and ash. At this point, all we can do is wait for Lavigne’s study to be published, but we might be able to narrow the search for the 1257-58 eruption to Indonesia – and even to a target caldera that might be the weapon of choice. From: Yustinus Suyatno Yuwono [mailto:yuw...@gc.itb.ac.id] Sent: 06 Juli 2012 15:23 To: iagi-net@iagi.or.id Subject: RE: [iagi-net-l] Erupsi besar gunungapi, abad ke 13
RE: [iagi-net-l] Erupsi besar gunungapi, abad ke 13 di Indonesia ?
Rekan Danny, Gak peduli Bule atau Melayu, kalo statement nya (maaf) terlalu berani dan menurut saya (terbatas pada disiplin ilmu yang saya tekuni) kurang logis ya saya akan berikan opini. Contohnya ini: G. Rinjani meletus dengan skala letusan 7 pada abat 13 Begitu bodohnya orang Indonesia pada waktu itukah, sehingga sama sekali tidak ada catatan mengenai peristiwa alam begitu dahsyatnya? Misal dalam Babat Tanah Jawi atau legenda rakyat dan sejenisnya (barangkali Awang Satyana bisa memberi pencerahan krn koleksi bukunya luar biasa, sebagai referensi). Kedua, tidak ada catatan dari Direktorat Volkanologi yang pernah saya baca dan dengar mengenai super erupsi Rinjani pada abat tersebut? Ketiga, data yang kita lihat lewat satelit dapat memperlihatkan berapa ukuran kaldera dari G Rinjani ini yang diakibatkan super erupsi ini? Kalau melihat ukuran kalderanya mungkin Kaldera Tengger lebih prospek jadi kandidatnya (hanya melihat ukuran kaldera), tapi saya tidak tahu apakah Dir Volk kita sudah punya data umur kapan terbentuknya kaldera Tengger (dan juga Rinjani?). Danny, jangan tersinggung kalau saya ber-opini keras terutama yang menyangkut bidang saya, inilah gunanya sharing pengetahuan. Salam, Yatno (YSY). From: Danny Hilman Natawidjaja [mailto:danny.hil...@gmail.com] Sent: Tuesday, July 03, 2012 1:40 PM To: iagi-net@iagi.or.id Subject: RE: [iagi-net-l] Erupsi besar gunungapi, abad ke 13 di Indonesia ? Salah besar pak. Culpritnya memang Rinjani. Bisa dilihat di: http://www.sciencenews.org/view/generic/id/341497/title/13th_century_volcano _mystery_may_be_solved http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mount_Rinjani http://volcano.oregonstate.edu/aggregator/sources/9 From: Yustinus Suyatno Yuwono [mailto:yuw...@gc.itb.ac.id] Sent: 03 Juli 2012 12:05 To: iagi-net@iagi.or.id Subject: RE: [iagi-net-l] Erupsi besar gunungapi, abad ke 13 di Indonesia ? He geodukun lagi? YSY From: abacht...@cbn.net.id [mailto:abacht...@cbn.net.id] Sent: Saturday, June 16, 2012 7:48 PM To: iagi-net@iagi.or.id Subject: Re: [iagi-net-l] Erupsi besar gunungapi, abad ke 13 di Indonesia ? Gunung Rinjani, Vick. Powered by Telkomsel BlackBerry® _ From: Rovicky Dwi Putrohari rovi...@gmail.com Date: Sat, 16 Jun 2012 19:31:05 +0700 To: IAGIiagi-net@iagi.or.id; geologi...@googlegroups.com mailto:geologi...@googlegroups.com%3cgeologi...@googlegroups.com geologi...@googlegroups.com ReplyTo: iagi-net@iagi.or.id Subject: [iagi-net-l] Erupsi besar gunungapi, abad ke 13 di Indonesia ? Gunung mana ya ? Rdp http://www.sciencenews.org/view/generic/id/341497/title/13th_century_volcano _mystery_may_be_solved 13th Century Volcano Mystery May Be Solved - Science News SELFOSS, Iceland One of the biggest mysteries in volcanology may finally have a solution. An eruption long thought to have gone off in the year 1258, spreading cooling sulfur particles around the globe, happened the year before in Indonesia, scientists report. Until now, researchers have known a big volcano went off somewhere in the world around that time, but they didnt know exactly where or when. The new report still remains something of a mystery. Franck Lavigne, a geoscientist at Panthéon-Sorbonne University's Laboratory of Physical Geography in Meudon, France, showed data and close-up photographs of the remains of the perpetrator volcano on June 14 at an American Geophysical Union conference on volcanism and the atmosphere. But he declined to name the specific volcano, saying he had agreed with his international colleagues not to identify it until the work is published in a peer-reviewed journal. We have new and solid evidence for the biggest volcanic eruption in 7,000 years, Lavigne said. Consensus in the meeting hallways was that he showed pictures of Indonesia. Lavigne would say only that Indonesia has more than 130 active volcanoes. Scientists know a big eruption must have happened in the mid-13th century because ice cores from Greenland and Antarctica dating to that time contain huge amounts of sulfur. Tree rings, historical records and other evidence also show that the planet cooled soon thereafter. Big volcanic eruptions can spew sulfur particles into the upper atmosphere, where they spread around the globe and reflect sunlight, temporarily chilling the planet. Leading candidates for the 1258 eruption have included Mexicos El Chichón, which also erupted in 1982, and Quilotoa in the Ecuadorean Andes. But the chemical composition of rocks from those volcanoes, among other factors, dont really match the 1258 sulfur from ice cores. At the meeting, Lavigne showed geochemical analyses of rocks from his mystery volcano. They matched the chemistry of the polar sulfur almost perfectly. The rocks come from a caldera, the collapsed remains left behind after a large volcanic eruption drains an underground magma chamber. Newly unearthed historical records and other evidence show that climate
RE: [iagi-net-l] Erupsi besar gunungapi, abad ke 13 di Indonesia ?
Danny, Kalo masalah ilmu, saya gak peduli Bule atau Melayu. Th. 1979 (saya lulus S-1 th 1976), waktu saya jadi counterpart sbg hydrogeologist proyek air minum di Solo (di bawah Cipta Karya), saya menendang keluar hydrogeologis Bule dan Team Leader-nya (yang dua2 nya orang Amrik) sampai mereka nangis-2 karena ada klausul: kalau tidak kapabel dapat diputus kontrak tanpa pesangon maupun tiket pesawat. Caranya, saya lapor ke Pak Dirjen (padahal saya bukan orang Cipta Karya, saya hanya di- hired oleh konsultan local untuk counterparting dengan expatriate), mereka itu tidak becus, saya minta mereka diganti expert yang lebih capable, alasan saya sangat logis: setelah 6 bulan proyek berjalan, tidak ada progress berarti, padahal saya sudah cape kumpulkan data lapangan maupun data sekunder. Betul, setelah diganti expert (nama expert penggantinya saya masih ingat, yaitu Dr. Turner), dalam waktu 2 minggu laporan akhir sudah selesai dan dia memuji kualitas data yang saya kumpulkan, bahkan dari beliau-lah saya belajar hydrogeology secara benar, karena pada waktu itu di Indonesia belum ada ahli hydrogeology nya, semua autodidak, di kampus belum ada dosen maupun mata kuliah hidrogeologi. Salam, YSY From: Danny Hilman Natawidjaja [mailto:danny.hil...@gmail.com] Sent: Tuesday, July 03, 2012 1:39 PM To: iagi-net@iagi.or.id Subject: RE: [iagi-net-l] Erupsi besar gunungapi, abad ke 13 di Indonesia ? He he he, kalo ahli tsunami tapi bule yang ikut-ikutan meneliti gunung api didukung ya Pak ... J Saya mancing aja kok; Setuju banget, jangankan masih geologist yang neliti gunung api, orang yang nemuin konstruksi cakar ayam aja ahli mesin bukan sipil. Saya kebetulan menemukan signal erupsi Tambora tahun 1815 itu di cora rings karena waktu itu sedang menganalisa Gempa raksasa tahun 1797 dan 1833 di Mentawai. Nah diantaranya ada sinyal/anomali aneh diantaranya tahun 1815 dan ternyata dari abu tambora. Saya sekarang sedang meneliti gempa besar dalam abad 13 di Mentawai (sudah punya banyak sekali sampel koral dari abad 13), siapa tahu nanti ketemu bukti letusan gunung api tahun 1258 itu. Susahnya untuk itu perlu analisa isotop yang cukup intensif dan kita di sini engga punya lab. yang bagus. Salam DHN From: Yustinus Suyatno Yuwono [mailto:yuw...@gc.itb.ac.id] Sent: 03 Juli 2012 12:13 To: iagi-net@iagi.or.id Subject: RE: [iagi-net-l] Erupsi besar gunungapi, abad ke 13 di Indonesia ? Ya Danny, tlg confirm dengan coral reef ini kan bidang keahlian anda, kontribusi anda sangat kita perlukan. Meskipun Lavigne bukan volcanologist temuannya wajib kita apresiasi. Saya ingat Haroun Tassief yg bukan volcanologist, tapi dokumentasinya banyak di apresiasi oleh para volcanologist dunia. Selamat berburu koral berumur abat 13. Salam, YSY From: danny.hil...@gmail.com [mailto:danny.hil...@gmail.com] Sent: Saturday, June 16, 2012 10:12 PM To: iagi-net@iagi.or.id Subject: Re: [iagi-net-l] Erupsi besar gunungapi, abad ke 13 di Indonesia ? Di artikel itu disebutkan ada data treering dan historical record di seluruh dunia, jadI wajar saja kalo akurasinya bisa 1-2 tahun. Yang dperdebatkan adalah gunung yang mana? Surprise juga kalo G Rinjani yg meletus kita yang punya gunung ga tahu, malah orang luar yg nemukannya. Padahal seharusnya ada dalam sejarah (masa Majapahit). Bagaimana impact-nya ke masyarakat/kerajaan waktu itu ya? Kalo benar Rinjani, satu fakta nyata kita sangat sedikit mempelajari sejarah dan bencana2 di massa lalu. Saya akan cari juga di data coral rings sekitar tahun itu, sisapa tahu ada sesuatu. Yg jelas data erupsi Tambora 1815 terlihat jelas pada rekaman koral. Frank Lavigne itu rasanya bukan volcanologist. Dia dulu ikut studi tsunami Aceh dan membuat film dan animasi yg bagus. Dia istrinya orang Jogya klo ga salah. Salam DHN Danny Hilman Natawidjaja LabEarth (Laboratory for Earth Hazards) Geoteknologi - LIPI _ From: Franciscus B Sinartio fbsinar...@yahoo.com Date: Sat, 16 Jun 2012 05:42:53 -0700 (PDT) To: iagi-net@iagi.or.id mailto:iagi-net@iagi.or.id%3ciagi-...@iagi.or.id iagi-net@iagi.or.id ReplyTo: iagi-net@iagi.or.id Subject: Re: [iagi-net-l] Erupsi besar gunungapi, abad ke 13 di Indonesia ? wah hebat ya dating system nya sampai tahu thn nya dengan ketepatan 2 tahun (1257 atau 1258). lah kalau ngak salah katanya saat itu Gunung Toba yang meledak? fbs _ From: Rovicky Dwi Putrohari rovi...@gmail.com To: IAGI iagi-net@iagi.or.id; geologi...@googlegroups.com geologi...@googlegroups.com Sent: Saturday, June 16, 2012 7:31 PM Subject: [iagi-net-l] Erupsi besar gunungapi, abad ke 13 di Indonesia ? Gunung mana ya ? Rdp http://www.sciencenews.org/view/generic/id/341497/title/13th_century_volcano_mystery_may_be_solved 13th Century Volcano Mystery May Be Solved - Science News SELFOSS, Iceland — One of the biggest mysteries in volcanology may finally have a solution. An eruption long thought
RE: [iagi-net-l] Erupsi besar gunungapi, abad ke 13 di Indonesia ?
Dari dulu saya tidak pernah komentari Salamology dari Rekan Maryanto itu karena teori- teorinya di luar jangkauan otak dan pengetahuan saya, apa ini sejenis cabang ilmu metafisika? Saya hanya ikuti di milis secara pasif. Salam, YSY From: argo wuryanto [mailto:masargo...@yahoo.com] Sent: Tuesday, July 03, 2012 2:10 PM To: iagi-net@iagi.or.id Subject: Bls: [iagi-net-l] Erupsi besar gunungapi, abad ke 13 di Indonesia ? Wah penelitinya sepertinya ada relasi dengan Pak Maryanto, secara angkanya kok bisa pas yah: 7000 th yang lalu :) Penemuan ini semakin mengukuhkan Theory Salamology yah? http://salamology.wordpress.com/salamology/ salam, Argo-3711 Dari: Yustinus Suyatno Yuwono yuw...@gc.itb.ac.id Kepada: iagi-net@iagi.or.id Dikirim: Selasa, 3 Juli 2012 13:03 Judul: RE: [iagi-net-l] Erupsi besar gunungapi, abad ke 13 di Indonesia ? Salah besar…, G Toba meledak besar 70.000 th yl YSY From: Franciscus B Sinartio [mailto:fbsinar...@yahoo.com] Sent: Saturday, June 16, 2012 7:43 PM To: iagi-net@iagi.or.id Subject: Re: [iagi-net-l] Erupsi besar gunungapi, abad ke 13 di Indonesia ? wah hebat ya dating system nya sampai tahu thn nya dengan ketepatan 2 tahun (1257 atau 1258). lah kalau ngak salah katanya saat itu Gunung Toba yang meledak? fbs From: Rovicky Dwi Putrohari rovi...@gmail.com To: IAGI iagi-net@iagi.or.id; geologi...@googlegroups.com geologi...@googlegroups.com Sent: Saturday, June 16, 2012 7:31 PM Subject: [iagi-net-l] Erupsi besar gunungapi, abad ke 13 di Indonesia ? Gunung mana ya ? Rdp http://www.sciencenews.org/view/generic/id/341497/title/13th_century_volcano_mystery_may_be_solved 13th Century Volcano Mystery May Be Solved - Science News SELFOSS, Iceland — One of the biggest mysteries in volcanology may finally have a solution. An eruption long thought to have gone off in the year 1258, spreading cooling sulfur particles around the globe, happened the year before in Indonesia, scientists report. Until now, researchers have known a big volcano went off somewhere in the world around that time, but they didn’t know exactly where or when. The new report still remains something of a mystery. Franck Lavigne, a geoscientist at Panthéon-Sorbonne University's Laboratory of Physical Geography in Meudon, France, showed data and close-up photographs of the remains of the perpetrator volcano on June 14 at an American Geophysical Union conference on volcanism and the atmosphere. But he declined to name the specific volcano, saying he had agreed with his international colleagues not to identify it until the work is published in a peer-reviewed journal. “We have new and solid evidence for the biggest volcanic eruption in 7,000 years,” Lavigne said. Consensus in the meeting hallways was that he showed pictures of Indonesia. Lavigne would say only that Indonesia has more than 130 active volcanoes. Scientists know a big eruption must have happened in the mid-13th century because ice cores from Greenland and Antarctica dating to that time contain huge amounts of sulfur. Tree rings, historical records and other evidence also show that the planet cooled soon thereafter. Big volcanic eruptions can spew sulfur particles into the upper atmosphere, where they spread around the globe and reflect sunlight, temporarily chilling the planet. Leading candidates for the 1258 eruption have included Mexico’s El Chichón, which also erupted in 1982, and Quilotoa in the Ecuadorean Andes. But the chemical composition of rocks from those volcanoes, among other factors, don’t really match the 1258 sulfur from ice cores. At the meeting, Lavigne showed geochemical analyses of rocks from his mystery volcano. They matched the chemistry of the polar sulfur almost perfectly. The rocks come from a caldera, the collapsed remains left behind after a large volcanic eruption drains an underground magma chamber. Newly unearthed historical records and other evidence show that climate changes were already happening in the region by the winter of 1257-1258, Lavigne said. “We think the eruption may have been in the late spring or summer of 1257,” he said. That’s nearly a year earlier than previously thought. Computer simulations suggest the eruption sent pumice flying into the air more than 40 kilometers high, showering debris for tens of kilometers around. The eruption would have ranked a 7 on the volcanic explosivity scale that measures an eruption’s magnitude. That scale tops out at 8. Still, volcanologists have spent decades looking for the source of the 1257/1258 eruption. It’s not yet clear whether Lavigne will be able to marshal enough evidence to convince everyone else. -- Sejarah itu tidak pernah usang untuk terus dipelajari
Re: [iagi-net-l] Erupsi besar gunungapi, abad ke 13 di Indonesia ?
Pak Yatno, Sepengetahuan saya bapak kan dulunya di bawah alm. Pak Rubini di bidang petrologi, saat itu yg ngajar mk vulkanologi adalah pak Djoko (dikti sekarang) sejak kapan ke vulkanologinya?. Rgds OK Taufik Powered by Telkomsel BlackBerry® -Original Message- From: Yustinus Suyatno Yuwono yuw...@gc.itb.ac.id Date: Fri, 6 Jul 2012 15:45:01 To: iagi-net@iagi.or.id Reply-To: iagi-net@iagi.or.id Subject: RE: [iagi-net-l] Erupsi besar gunungapi, abad ke 13 di Indonesia ? Danny, Kalo masalah ilmu, saya gak peduli Bule atau Melayu. Th. 1979 (saya lulus S-1 th 1976), waktu saya jadi counterpart sbg hydrogeologist proyek air minum di Solo (di bawah Cipta Karya), saya menendang keluar hydrogeologis Bule dan Team Leader-nya (yang dua2 nya orang Amrik) sampai mereka nangis-2 karena ada klausul: kalau tidak kapabel dapat diputus kontrak tanpa pesangon maupun tiket pesawat. Caranya, saya lapor ke Pak Dirjen (padahal saya bukan orang Cipta Karya, saya hanya di- hired oleh konsultan local untuk counterparting dengan expatriate), mereka itu tidak becus, saya minta mereka diganti expert yang lebih capable, alasan saya sangat logis: setelah 6 bulan proyek berjalan, tidak ada progress berarti, padahal saya sudah cape kumpulkan data lapangan maupun data sekunder. Betul, setelah diganti expert (nama expert penggantinya saya masih ingat, yaitu Dr. Turner), dalam waktu 2 minggu laporan akhir sudah selesai dan dia memuji kualitas data yang saya kumpulkan, bahkan dari beliau-lah saya belajar hydrogeology secara benar, karena pada waktu itu di Indonesia belum ada ahli hydrogeology nya, semua autodidak, di kampus belum ada dosen maupun mata kuliah hidrogeologi. Salam, YSY From: Danny Hilman Natawidjaja [mailto:danny.hil...@gmail.com] Sent: Tuesday, July 03, 2012 1:39 PM To: iagi-net@iagi.or.id Subject: RE: [iagi-net-l] Erupsi besar gunungapi, abad ke 13 di Indonesia ? He he he, kalo ahli tsunami tapi bule yang ikut-ikutan meneliti gunung api didukung ya Pak ... J Saya mancing aja kok; Setuju banget, jangankan masih geologist yang neliti gunung api, orang yang nemuin konstruksi cakar ayam aja ahli mesin bukan sipil. Saya kebetulan menemukan signal erupsi Tambora tahun 1815 itu di cora rings karena waktu itu sedang menganalisa Gempa raksasa tahun 1797 dan 1833 di Mentawai. Nah diantaranya ada sinyal/anomali aneh diantaranya tahun 1815 dan ternyata dari abu tambora. Saya sekarang sedang meneliti gempa besar dalam abad 13 di Mentawai (sudah punya banyak sekali sampel koral dari abad 13), siapa tahu nanti ketemu bukti letusan gunung api tahun 1258 itu. Susahnya untuk itu perlu analisa isotop yang cukup intensif dan kita di sini engga punya lab. yang bagus. Salam DHN From: Yustinus Suyatno Yuwono [mailto:yuw...@gc.itb.ac.id] Sent: 03 Juli 2012 12:13 To: iagi-net@iagi.or.id Subject: RE: [iagi-net-l] Erupsi besar gunungapi, abad ke 13 di Indonesia ? Ya Danny, tlg confirm dengan coral reef ini kan bidang keahlian anda, kontribusi anda sangat kita perlukan. Meskipun Lavigne bukan volcanologist temuannya wajib kita apresiasi. Saya ingat Haroun Tassief yg bukan volcanologist, tapi dokumentasinya banyak di apresiasi oleh para volcanologist dunia. Selamat berburu koral berumur abat 13. Salam, YSY From: danny.hil...@gmail.com [mailto:danny.hil...@gmail.com] Sent: Saturday, June 16, 2012 10:12 PM To: iagi-net@iagi.or.id Subject: Re: [iagi-net-l] Erupsi besar gunungapi, abad ke 13 di Indonesia ? Di artikel itu disebutkan ada data treering dan historical record di seluruh dunia, jadI wajar saja kalo akurasinya bisa 1-2 tahun. Yang dperdebatkan adalah gunung yang mana? Surprise juga kalo G Rinjani yg meletus kita yang punya gunung ga tahu, malah orang luar yg nemukannya. Padahal seharusnya ada dalam sejarah (masa Majapahit). Bagaimana impact-nya ke masyarakat/kerajaan waktu itu ya? Kalo benar Rinjani, satu fakta nyata kita sangat sedikit mempelajari sejarah dan bencana2 di massa lalu. Saya akan cari juga di data coral rings sekitar tahun itu, sisapa tahu ada sesuatu. Yg jelas data erupsi Tambora 1815 terlihat jelas pada rekaman koral. Frank Lavigne itu rasanya bukan volcanologist. Dia dulu ikut studi tsunami Aceh dan membuat film dan animasi yg bagus. Dia istrinya orang Jogya klo ga salah. Salam DHN Danny Hilman Natawidjaja LabEarth (Laboratory for Earth Hazards) Geoteknologi - LIPI _ From: Franciscus B Sinartio fbsinar...@yahoo.com Date: Sat, 16 Jun 2012 05:42:53 -0700 (PDT) To: iagi-net@iagi.or.id mailto:iagi-net@iagi.or.id%3ciagi-...@iagi.or.id iagi-net@iagi.or.id ReplyTo: iagi-net@iagi.or.id Subject: Re: [iagi-net-l] Erupsi besar gunungapi, abad ke 13 di Indonesia ? wah hebat ya dating system nya sampai tahu thn nya dengan ketepatan 2 tahun (1257 atau 1258). lah kalau ngak salah katanya saat itu Gunung Toba yang meledak? fbs _ From: Rovicky Dwi Putrohari rovi...@gmail.com To: IAGI iagi-net
RE: [iagi-net-l] Erupsi besar gunungapi, abad ke 13 di Indonesia ?
Pak Yatno, Frank Lavigne memang belum mau bilang Gunung Api di Indonesia yang mana yang meletus tahun 1257/8 AD yang menyebabkan dunia menjadi dingin dan memasuki jaman es kecil itu (i.e. little ice age). Mungkin takut dibajak orang lain meneliti/mempublikasikannya. Tapi sebagian ahli menduga kuat yang dimaksud adalah Rinjani. Di http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mount_Rinjani disebutkan kaldera Rinjani terbentuk di Abad 13, tapi belum ada info tahun persisnya. Di copy-an berita di bawah katanya sudah ada charcoal dating yang menunjuk ke 1210-1260 AD untuk letusan Rinjani itu. Jadi bagi saya sih logis saja kalo mengajukan Rinjani sebagai tersangka-nya kalau memang info umur kaldera ini benar. Hayoo siapa yang mau ngedulu-in si Frank, buruan J Salam, DHN Di bawah ini komentar seorang ahli tentang isue Si Frank dan Rinjani itu: http://goodnewsfromindonesia.org/category/nature/ If youve been following the news out the AGU Chapman Meeting of Volcanoes the Atmospheremeeting going on this week, you might have seen some interesting news about the missing 1258 A.D. eruption. I wrote about the eruption a few months back, speculating on some potential volcanoes that could be the culprit for this climate-altering event. However, trying to match a sulfate signal on the poles with a volcano somewhere on the planet is hard, so finding that smoking gun is a challenge to say the least. However, Franck Lavigne from the Panthéon-Sorbonne Universitys Laboratory of Physical Geography in Meudon, France claimed to have solved the mystery. It isnt that simple, though. Lavigne will not reveal the site of the eruption until his study is published (it may or may not be submitted for peer review at this point). So, instead of sharing news of his discovery, he showed the data he used to solve the mystery but never revealed what volcano it was! What harm could come from Lavigne revealing his location before the article is published, especially if he is willing to show data that supposedly correlates the sulfate and ash composition in the polar record with the terrestrial record of the mystery volcano? Overall, this is shocking behavior for a geologist at a large meeting such as this people commonly discuss data and information that has not be published yet, so why Lavigne chose to do this is beyond me (unless you want to think theatrics are part of the rationale). The consensus of people at the meeting (N.B., I am not at the meeting) is that the mystery volcano is in Indonesia. Lavigne wouldnt confirm or deny this assessment, but it got me thinking what might a contender be for a caldera eruption in Indonesia during the 13th century. Indonesia is filled with volcanoes, and as I mentioned a few weeks back when I discussed a recent study by Salisbury and others (2012), we really dont have a lot of good ages for Indonesian eruptions prior to ~1800 A.D. However, one very likely candidate might be the ~6 x 8.5 km Rinjani caldera. Rinjani hosts a caldera that may have formed in the 13th century, so it not only fulfills the role of being a large eruption but also falls within the right century. We dont have any good ages for the caldera eruption beyond some charcoal dated at 1210-1260 A.D. However, with the evidence that Lavingnes volcano is in Indonesia and how little we know about the caldera eruption at Rinjani, it makes sense that Rinjani could be an excellent candidate for an eruption that could be matched with the polar sulfate and ash. At this point, all we can do is wait for Lavignes study to be published, but we might be able to narrow the search for the 1257-58 eruption to Indonesia and even to a target caldera that might be the weapon of choice. From: Yustinus Suyatno Yuwono [mailto:yuw...@gc.itb.ac.id] Sent: 06 Juli 2012 15:23 To: iagi-net@iagi.or.id Subject: RE: [iagi-net-l] Erupsi besar gunungapi, abad ke 13 di Indonesia ? Rekan Danny, Gak peduli Bule atau Melayu, kalo statement nya (maaf) terlalu berani dan menurut saya (terbatas pada disiplin ilmu yang saya tekuni) kurang logis ya saya akan berikan opini. Contohnya ini: G. Rinjani meletus dengan skala letusan 7 pada abat 13 Begitu bodohnya orang Indonesia pada waktu itukah, sehingga sama sekali tidak ada catatan mengenai peristiwa alam begitu dahsyatnya? Misal dalam Babat Tanah Jawi atau legenda rakyat dan sejenisnya (barangkali Awang Satyana bisa memberi pencerahan krn koleksi bukunya luar biasa, sebagai referensi). Kedua, tidak ada catatan dari Direktorat Volkanologi yang pernah saya baca dan dengar mengenai super erupsi Rinjani pada abat tersebut? Ketiga, data yang kita lihat lewat satelit dapat memperlihatkan berapa ukuran kaldera dari G Rinjani ini yang diakibatkan super erupsi ini? Kalau melihat ukuran kalderanya mungkin Kaldera Tengger lebih prospek jadi kandidatnya (hanya melihat ukuran kaldera), tapi saya tidak tahu apakah Dir Volk kita sudah punya data umur kapan terbentuknya kaldera Tengger (dan
Re: [iagi-net-l] Erupsi besar gunungapi, abad ke 13 di Indonesia ?
Kalau di kutub selatan apa juga ada peningkatan sulfur pada waktu yang sama? Kalau di kutub utara, seperti telah saya tulis di sini, dekat kutub utara di sisi atlantik kan ada aktivitas gn api, bahkan masih ada sampai kini. Apakah letusan di sana tidak menghasilkan sulfur? Bagaimana kang? Logikanya kutub selatan lebih dekat ke rinjani dibanding kutub utara. Salam. Powered by Telkomsel BlackBerry® -Original Message- From: Danny Hilman Natawidjaja danny.hil...@gmail.com Date: Sat, 7 Jul 2012 07:27:14 To: iagi-net@iagi.or.id Reply-To: iagi-net@iagi.or.id Subject: RE: [iagi-net-l] Erupsi besar gunungapi, abad ke 13 di Indonesia ? Pak Yatno, Frank Lavigne memang belum mau bilang Gunung Api di Indonesia yang mana yang meletus tahun 1257/8 AD yang menyebabkan dunia menjadi dingin dan memasuki jaman es kecil itu (i.e. little ice age). Mungkin takut dibajak orang lain meneliti/mempublikasikannya. Tapi sebagian ahli menduga kuat yang dimaksud adalah Rinjani. Di http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mount_Rinjani disebutkan kaldera Rinjani terbentuk di Abad 13, tapi belum ada info tahun persisnya. Di copy-an berita di bawah katanya sudah ada charcoal dating yang menunjuk ke 1210-1260 AD untuk letusan Rinjani itu. Jadi bagi saya sih logis saja kalo mengajukan Rinjani sebagai tersangka-nya kalau memang info umur kaldera ini benar. Hayoo siapa yang mau ngedulu-in si Frank, buruan J Salam, DHN Di bawah ini komentar seorang ahli tentang isue Si Frank dan Rinjani itu: http://goodnewsfromindonesia.org/category/nature/ If you’ve been following the news out the AGU Chapman Meeting of Volcanoes the Atmospheremeeting going on this week, you might have seen some interesting news about the missing 1258 A.D. eruption. I wrote about the eruption a few months back, speculating on some potential volcanoes that could be the culprit for this climate-altering event. However, trying to match a sulfate signal on the poles with a volcano somewhere on the planet is hard, so finding that “smoking gun” is a challenge to say the least. However, Franck Lavigne from the Panthéon-Sorbonne University’s Laboratory of Physical Geography in Meudon, France claimed to have solved the mystery. It isn’t that simple, though. Lavigne will not reveal the site of the eruption until his study is published (it may or may not be submitted for peer review at this point). So, instead of sharing news of his discovery, he showed the data he used to “solve” the mystery … but never revealed what volcano it was! What harm could come from Lavigne revealing his location before the article is published, especially if he is willing to show data that supposedly correlates the sulfate and ash composition in the polar record with the terrestrial record of the mystery volcano? Overall, this is shocking behavior for a geologist at a large meeting such as this – people commonly discuss data and information that has not be published yet, so why Lavigne chose to do this is beyond me (unless you want to think theatrics are part of the rationale). The consensus of people at the meeting (N.B., I am not at the meeting) is that the mystery volcano is in Indonesia. Lavigne wouldn’t confirm or deny this assessment, but it got me thinking – what might a contender be for a caldera eruption in Indonesia during the 13th century. Indonesia is filled with volcanoes, and as I mentioned a few weeks back when I discussed a recent study by Salisbury and others (2012), we really don’t have a lot of good ages for Indonesian eruptions prior to ~1800 A.D. However, one very likely candidate might be the ~6 x 8.5 km Rinjani caldera. Rinjani hosts a caldera that may have formed in the 13th century, so it not only fulfills the role of being a large eruption but also falls within the right century. We don’t have any good ages for the caldera eruption beyond some charcoal dated at 1210-1260 A.D. However, with the evidence that Lavingne’s volcano is in Indonesia and how little we know about the caldera eruption at Rinjani, it makes sense that Rinjani could be an excellent candidate for an eruption that could be matched with the polar sulfate and ash. At this point, all we can do is wait for Lavigne’s study to be published, but we might be able to narrow the search for the 1257-58 eruption to Indonesia – and even to a target caldera that might be the weapon of choice. From: Yustinus Suyatno Yuwono [mailto:yuw...@gc.itb.ac.id] Sent: 06 Juli 2012 15:23 To: iagi-net@iagi.or.id Subject: RE: [iagi-net-l] Erupsi besar gunungapi, abad ke 13 di Indonesia ? Rekan Danny, Gak peduli Bule atau Melayu, kalo statement nya (maaf) terlalu berani dan menurut saya (terbatas pada disiplin ilmu yang saya tekuni) kurang logis ya saya akan berikan opini. Contohnya ini: G. Rinjani meletus dengan skala letusan 7 pada abat 13 Begitu bodohnya orang Indonesia pada waktu itukah, sehingga sama sekali tidak ada catatan mengenai peristiwa alam begitu dahsyatnya? Misal dalam
Re: [iagi-net-l] Erupsi besar gunungapi, abad ke 13 di Indonesia ?
Hehehe didekat Iceland dikutub utra banyak gn api, jadi tidak perlu letusan besar untuk memperbesar sulfur di kutub utara. Tidak perlu ambil sulfur dari Indonesia. Powered by Telkomsel BlackBerry®
Re: [iagi-net-l] Erupsi besar gunungapi, abad ke 13 di Indonesia ?
Wah dpt data dari mana Yat, es di kutub mana? Hebat. Powered by Telkomsel BlackBerry® -Original Message- From: Yustinus Suyatno Yuwono yuw...@gc.itb.ac.id Date: Tue, 3 Jul 2012 12:08:31 To: iagi-net@iagi.or.id Reply-To: iagi-net@iagi.or.id Subject: RE: [iagi-net-l] Erupsi besar gunungapi, abad ke 13 di Indonesia ? Hee… Aussie kemana aja lu Tolong dibaca yg bener dong: ada letusan besar selama 7.000 .th ini. Dating yang dilakukan bukan terhadap batuan gunungapinya, tapi dari perubahan global climate, dan es kutub yang mengandung S tinggi pada sekitar th tersebut. Jadi belum ada data absolutr dating yg di released!!! Salam, YSY From: aussie gautama [mailto:aussiegaut...@yahoo.com] Sent: Saturday, June 16, 2012 8:32 PM To: iagi-net@iagi.or.id Subject: Re: [iagi-net-l] Erupsi besar gunungapi, abad ke 13 di Indonesia ? Iya hebat, presisi 2 tahun, tapi dibagian lain dia mention ... ...the biggest volcanic eruption in 7000 years.., meleset 6300 tahun...hehe _ From: Franciscus B Sinartio fbsinar...@yahoo.com To: iagi-net@iagi.or.id iagi-net@iagi.or.id Sent: Saturday, June 16, 2012 8:42 PM Subject: Re: [iagi-net-l] Erupsi besar gunungapi, abad ke 13 di Indonesia ? wah hebat ya dating system nya sampai tahu thn nya dengan ketepatan 2 tahun (1257 atau 1258). lah kalau ngak salah katanya saat itu Gunung Toba yang meledak? fbs _ From: Rovicky Dwi Putrohari rovi...@gmail.com To: IAGI iagi-net@iagi.or.id; geologi...@googlegroups.com geologi...@googlegroups.com Sent: Saturday, June 16, 2012 7:31 PM Subject: [iagi-net-l] Erupsi besar gunungapi, abad ke 13 di Indonesia ? Gunung mana ya ? Rdp http://www.sciencenews.org/view/generic/id/341497/title/13th_century_volcano_mystery_may_be_solved 13th Century Volcano Mystery May Be Solved - Science News SELFOSS, Iceland — One of the biggest mysteries in volcanology may finally have a solution. An eruption long thought to have gone off in the year 1258, spreading cooling sulfur particles around the globe, happened the year before in Indonesia, scientists report. Until now, researchers have known a big volcano went off somewhere in the world around that time, but they didn’t know exactly where or when. The new report still remains something of a mystery. Franck Lavigne, a geoscientist at Panthéon-Sorbonne University's Laboratory of Physical Geography in Meudon, France, showed data and close-up photographs of the remains of the perpetrator volcano on June 14 at an American Geophysical Union conference on volcanism and the atmosphere. But he declined to name the specific volcano, saying he had agreed with his international colleagues not to identify it until the work is published in a peer-reviewed journal. “We have new and solid evidence for the biggest volcanic eruption in 7,000 years,” Lavigne said. Consensus in the meeting hallways was that he showed pictures of Indonesia. Lavigne would say only that Indonesia has more than 130 active volcanoes. Scientists know a big eruption must have happened in the mid-13th century because ice cores from Greenland and Antarctica dating to that time contain huge amounts of sulfur. Tree rings, historical records and other evidence also show that the planet cooled soon thereafter. Big volcanic eruptions can spew sulfur particles into the upper atmosphere, where they spread around the globe and reflect sunlight, temporarily chilling the planet. Leading candidates for the 1258 eruption have included Mexico’s El Chichón, which also erupted in 1982, and Quilotoa in the Ecuadorean Andes. But the chemical composition of rocks from those volcanoes, among other factors, don’t really match the 1258 sulfur from ice cores. At the meeting, Lavigne showed geochemical analyses of rocks from his mystery volcano. They matched the chemistry of the polar sulfur almost perfectly. The rocks come from a caldera, the collapsed remains left behind after a large volcanic eruption drains an underground magma chamber. Newly unearthed historical records and other evidence show that climate changes were already happening in the region by the winter of 1257-1258, Lavigne said. “We think the eruption may have been in the late spring or summer of 1257,” he said. That’s nearly a year earlier than previously thought. Computer simulations suggest the eruption sent pumice flying into the air more than 40 kilometers high, showering debris for tens of kilometers around. The eruption would have ranked a 7 on the volcanic explosivity scale that measures an eruption’s magnitude. That scale tops out at 8. Still, volcanologists have spent decades looking for the source of the 1257/1258 eruption. It’s not yet clear whether Lavigne will be able to marshal enough evidence to convince everyone else. -- Sejarah itu tidak pernah usang untuk terus dipelajari
Re: [iagi-net-l] Erupsi besar gunungapi, abad ke 13 di Indonesia ?
Hehehe didekat Iceland dikutub utra banyak gn api, jadi tidak perlu letusan besar untuk memperbesar sulfur di kutub utara. Tidak perlu ambil sulfur dari Indonesia. Powered by Telkomsel BlackBerry®
RE: [iagi-net-l] Erupsi besar gunungapi, abad ke 13 di Indonesia ?
He he he, kalo ahli tsunami tapi bule yang ikut-ikutan meneliti gunung api didukung ya Pak ... J Saya mancing aja kok; Setuju banget, jangankan masih geologist yang neliti gunung api, orang yang nemuin konstruksi cakar ayam aja ahli mesin bukan sipil. Saya kebetulan menemukan signal erupsi Tambora tahun 1815 itu di cora rings karena waktu itu sedang menganalisa Gempa raksasa tahun 1797 dan 1833 di Mentawai. Nah diantaranya ada sinyal/anomali aneh diantaranya tahun 1815 dan ternyata dari abu tambora. Saya sekarang sedang meneliti gempa besar dalam abad 13 di Mentawai (sudah punya banyak sekali sampel koral dari abad 13), siapa tahu nanti ketemu bukti letusan gunung api tahun 1258 itu. Susahnya untuk itu perlu analisa isotop yang cukup intensif dan kita di sini engga punya lab. yang bagus. Salam DHN From: Yustinus Suyatno Yuwono [mailto:yuw...@gc.itb.ac.id] Sent: 03 Juli 2012 12:13 To: iagi-net@iagi.or.id Subject: RE: [iagi-net-l] Erupsi besar gunungapi, abad ke 13 di Indonesia ? Ya Danny, tlg confirm dengan coral reef ini kan bidang keahlian anda, kontribusi anda sangat kita perlukan. Meskipun Lavigne bukan volcanologist temuannya wajib kita apresiasi. Saya ingat Haroun Tassief yg bukan volcanologist, tapi dokumentasinya banyak di apresiasi oleh para volcanologist dunia. Selamat berburu koral berumur abat 13. Salam, YSY From: danny.hil...@gmail.com [mailto:danny.hil...@gmail.com] Sent: Saturday, June 16, 2012 10:12 PM To: iagi-net@iagi.or.id Subject: Re: [iagi-net-l] Erupsi besar gunungapi, abad ke 13 di Indonesia ? Di artikel itu disebutkan ada data treering dan historical record di seluruh dunia, jadI wajar saja kalo akurasinya bisa 1-2 tahun. Yang dperdebatkan adalah gunung yang mana? Surprise juga kalo G Rinjani yg meletus kita yang punya gunung ga tahu, malah orang luar yg nemukannya. Padahal seharusnya ada dalam sejarah (masa Majapahit). Bagaimana impact-nya ke masyarakat/kerajaan waktu itu ya? Kalo benar Rinjani, satu fakta nyata kita sangat sedikit mempelajari sejarah dan bencana2 di massa lalu. Saya akan cari juga di data coral rings sekitar tahun itu, sisapa tahu ada sesuatu. Yg jelas data erupsi Tambora 1815 terlihat jelas pada rekaman koral. Frank Lavigne itu rasanya bukan volcanologist. Dia dulu ikut studi tsunami Aceh dan membuat film dan animasi yg bagus. Dia istrinya orang Jogya klo ga salah. Salam DHN Danny Hilman Natawidjaja LabEarth (Laboratory for Earth Hazards) Geoteknologi - LIPI _ From: Franciscus B Sinartio fbsinar...@yahoo.com Date: Sat, 16 Jun 2012 05:42:53 -0700 (PDT) To: iagi-net@iagi.or.id mailto:iagi-net@iagi.or.id%3ciagi-...@iagi.or.id iagi-net@iagi.or.id ReplyTo: iagi-net@iagi.or.id Subject: Re: [iagi-net-l] Erupsi besar gunungapi, abad ke 13 di Indonesia ? wah hebat ya dating system nya sampai tahu thn nya dengan ketepatan 2 tahun (1257 atau 1258). lah kalau ngak salah katanya saat itu Gunung Toba yang meledak? fbs _ From: Rovicky Dwi Putrohari rovi...@gmail.com To: IAGI iagi-net@iagi.or.id; geologi...@googlegroups.com geologi...@googlegroups.com Sent: Saturday, June 16, 2012 7:31 PM Subject: [iagi-net-l] Erupsi besar gunungapi, abad ke 13 di Indonesia ? Gunung mana ya ? Rdp http://www.sciencenews.org/view/generic/id/341497/title/13th_century_volcano_mystery_may_be_solved 13th Century Volcano Mystery May Be Solved - Science News SELFOSS, Iceland — One of the biggest mysteries in volcanology may finally have a solution. An eruption long thought to have gone off in the year 1258, spreading cooling sulfur particles around the globe, happened the year before in Indonesia, scientists report. Until now, researchers have known a big volcano went off somewhere in the world around that time, but they didn’t know exactly where or when. The new report still remains something of a mystery. Franck Lavigne, a geoscientist at Panthéon-Sorbonne University's Laboratory of Physical Geography in Meudon, France, showed data and close-up photographs of the remains of the perpetrator volcano on June 14 at an American Geophysical Union conference on volcanism and the atmosphere. But he declined to name the specific volcano, saying he had agreed with his international colleagues not to identify it until the work is published in a peer-reviewed journal. “We have new and solid evidence for the biggest volcanic eruption in 7,000 years,” Lavigne said. Consensus in the meeting hallways was that he showed pictures of Indonesia. Lavigne would say only that Indonesia has more than 130 active volcanoes. Scientists know a big eruption must have happened in the mid-13th century because ice cores from Greenland and Antarctica dating to that time contain huge amounts of sulfur. Tree rings, historical records and other evidence also show that the planet cooled soon thereafter. Big volcanic eruptions can spew sulfur particles into the upper atmosphere, where
RE: [iagi-net-l] Erupsi besar gunungapi, abad ke 13 di Indonesia ?
Salah besar pak. Culpritnya memang Rinjani. Bisa dilihat di: http://www.sciencenews.org/view/generic/id/341497/title/13th_century_volcano _mystery_may_be_solved http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mount_Rinjani http://volcano.oregonstate.edu/aggregator/sources/9 From: Yustinus Suyatno Yuwono [mailto:yuw...@gc.itb.ac.id] Sent: 03 Juli 2012 12:05 To: iagi-net@iagi.or.id Subject: RE: [iagi-net-l] Erupsi besar gunungapi, abad ke 13 di Indonesia ? He geodukun lagi? YSY From: abacht...@cbn.net.id [mailto:abacht...@cbn.net.id] Sent: Saturday, June 16, 2012 7:48 PM To: iagi-net@iagi.or.id Subject: Re: [iagi-net-l] Erupsi besar gunungapi, abad ke 13 di Indonesia ? Gunung Rinjani, Vick. Powered by Telkomsel BlackBerry® _ From: Rovicky Dwi Putrohari rovi...@gmail.com Date: Sat, 16 Jun 2012 19:31:05 +0700 To: IAGIiagi-net@iagi.or.id; geologi...@googlegroups.com mailto:geologi...@googlegroups.com%3cgeologi...@googlegroups.com geologi...@googlegroups.com ReplyTo: iagi-net@iagi.or.id Subject: [iagi-net-l] Erupsi besar gunungapi, abad ke 13 di Indonesia ? Gunung mana ya ? Rdp http://www.sciencenews.org/view/generic/id/341497/title/13th_century_volcano _mystery_may_be_solved 13th Century Volcano Mystery May Be Solved - Science News SELFOSS, Iceland One of the biggest mysteries in volcanology may finally have a solution. An eruption long thought to have gone off in the year 1258, spreading cooling sulfur particles around the globe, happened the year before in Indonesia, scientists report. Until now, researchers have known a big volcano went off somewhere in the world around that time, but they didnt know exactly where or when. The new report still remains something of a mystery. Franck Lavigne, a geoscientist at Panthéon-Sorbonne University's Laboratory of Physical Geography in Meudon, France, showed data and close-up photographs of the remains of the perpetrator volcano on June 14 at an American Geophysical Union conference on volcanism and the atmosphere. But he declined to name the specific volcano, saying he had agreed with his international colleagues not to identify it until the work is published in a peer-reviewed journal. We have new and solid evidence for the biggest volcanic eruption in 7,000 years, Lavigne said. Consensus in the meeting hallways was that he showed pictures of Indonesia. Lavigne would say only that Indonesia has more than 130 active volcanoes. Scientists know a big eruption must have happened in the mid-13th century because ice cores from Greenland and Antarctica dating to that time contain huge amounts of sulfur. Tree rings, historical records and other evidence also show that the planet cooled soon thereafter. Big volcanic eruptions can spew sulfur particles into the upper atmosphere, where they spread around the globe and reflect sunlight, temporarily chilling the planet. Leading candidates for the 1258 eruption have included Mexicos El Chichón, which also erupted in 1982, and Quilotoa in the Ecuadorean Andes. But the chemical composition of rocks from those volcanoes, among other factors, dont really match the 1258 sulfur from ice cores. At the meeting, Lavigne showed geochemical analyses of rocks from his mystery volcano. They matched the chemistry of the polar sulfur almost perfectly. The rocks come from a caldera, the collapsed remains left behind after a large volcanic eruption drains an underground magma chamber. Newly unearthed historical records and other evidence show that climate changes were already happening in the region by the winter of 1257-1258, Lavigne said. We think the eruption may have been in the late spring or summer of 1257, he said. Thats nearly a year earlier than previously thought. Computer simulations suggest the eruption sent pumice flying into the air more than 40 kilometers high, showering debris for tens of kilometers around. The eruption would have ranked a 7 on the volcanic explosivity scale that measures an eruptions magnitude. That scale tops out at 8. Still, volcanologists have spent decades looking for the source of the 1257/1258 eruption. Its not yet clear whether Lavigne will be able to marshal enough evidence to convince everyone else. -- Sejarah itu tidak pernah usang untuk terus dipelajari
Re: [iagi-net-l] Erupsi besar gunungapi, abad ke 13 di Indonesia ?
Wah indahnya, bisa dong minta ke bencana purba. Salam. Powered by Telkomsel BlackBerry® -Original Message- From: Danny Hilman Natawidjaja danny.hil...@gmail.com Date: Tue, 3 Jul 2012 13:38:58 To: iagi-net@iagi.or.id Reply-To: iagi-net@iagi.or.id Subject: RE: [iagi-net-l] Erupsi besar gunungapi, abad ke 13 di Indonesia ? He he he, kalo ahli tsunami tapi bule yang ikut-ikutan meneliti gunung api didukung ya Pak ... J Saya mancing aja kok; Setuju banget, jangankan masih geologist yang neliti gunung api, orang yang nemuin konstruksi cakar ayam aja ahli mesin bukan sipil. Saya kebetulan menemukan signal erupsi Tambora tahun 1815 itu di cora rings karena waktu itu sedang menganalisa Gempa raksasa tahun 1797 dan 1833 di Mentawai. Nah diantaranya ada sinyal/anomali aneh diantaranya tahun 1815 dan ternyata dari abu tambora. Saya sekarang sedang meneliti gempa besar dalam abad 13 di Mentawai (sudah punya banyak sekali sampel koral dari abad 13), siapa tahu nanti ketemu bukti letusan gunung api tahun 1258 itu. Susahnya untuk itu perlu analisa isotop yang cukup intensif dan kita di sini engga punya lab. yang bagus. Salam DHN From: Yustinus Suyatno Yuwono [mailto:yuw...@gc.itb.ac.id] Sent: 03 Juli 2012 12:13 To: iagi-net@iagi.or.id Subject: RE: [iagi-net-l] Erupsi besar gunungapi, abad ke 13 di Indonesia ? Ya Danny, tlg confirm dengan coral reef ini kan bidang keahlian anda, kontribusi anda sangat kita perlukan. Meskipun Lavigne bukan volcanologist temuannya wajib kita apresiasi. Saya ingat Haroun Tassief yg bukan volcanologist, tapi dokumentasinya banyak di apresiasi oleh para volcanologist dunia. Selamat berburu koral berumur abat 13. Salam, YSY From: danny.hil...@gmail.com [mailto:danny.hil...@gmail.com] Sent: Saturday, June 16, 2012 10:12 PM To: iagi-net@iagi.or.id Subject: Re: [iagi-net-l] Erupsi besar gunungapi, abad ke 13 di Indonesia ? Di artikel itu disebutkan ada data treering dan historical record di seluruh dunia, jadI wajar saja kalo akurasinya bisa 1-2 tahun. Yang dperdebatkan adalah gunung yang mana? Surprise juga kalo G Rinjani yg meletus kita yang punya gunung ga tahu, malah orang luar yg nemukannya. Padahal seharusnya ada dalam sejarah (masa Majapahit). Bagaimana impact-nya ke masyarakat/kerajaan waktu itu ya? Kalo benar Rinjani, satu fakta nyata kita sangat sedikit mempelajari sejarah dan bencana2 di massa lalu. Saya akan cari juga di data coral rings sekitar tahun itu, sisapa tahu ada sesuatu. Yg jelas data erupsi Tambora 1815 terlihat jelas pada rekaman koral. Frank Lavigne itu rasanya bukan volcanologist. Dia dulu ikut studi tsunami Aceh dan membuat film dan animasi yg bagus. Dia istrinya orang Jogya klo ga salah. Salam DHN Danny Hilman Natawidjaja LabEarth (Laboratory for Earth Hazards) Geoteknologi - LIPI _ From: Franciscus B Sinartio fbsinar...@yahoo.com Date: Sat, 16 Jun 2012 05:42:53 -0700 (PDT) To: iagi-net@iagi.or.id mailto:iagi-net@iagi.or.id%3ciagi-...@iagi.or.id iagi-net@iagi.or.id ReplyTo: iagi-net@iagi.or.id Subject: Re: [iagi-net-l] Erupsi besar gunungapi, abad ke 13 di Indonesia ? wah hebat ya dating system nya sampai tahu thn nya dengan ketepatan 2 tahun (1257 atau 1258). lah kalau ngak salah katanya saat itu Gunung Toba yang meledak? fbs _ From: Rovicky Dwi Putrohari rovi...@gmail.com To: IAGI iagi-net@iagi.or.id; geologi...@googlegroups.com geologi...@googlegroups.com Sent: Saturday, June 16, 2012 7:31 PM Subject: [iagi-net-l] Erupsi besar gunungapi, abad ke 13 di Indonesia ? Gunung mana ya ? Rdp http://www.sciencenews.org/view/generic/id/341497/title/13th_century_volcano_mystery_may_be_solved 13th Century Volcano Mystery May Be Solved - Science News SELFOSS, Iceland — One of the biggest mysteries in volcanology may finally have a solution. An eruption long thought to have gone off in the year 1258, spreading cooling sulfur particles around the globe, happened the year before in Indonesia, scientists report. Until now, researchers have known a big volcano went off somewhere in the world around that time, but they didn’t know exactly where or when. The new report still remains something of a mystery. Franck Lavigne, a geoscientist at Panthéon-Sorbonne University's Laboratory of Physical Geography in Meudon, France, showed data and close-up photographs of the remains of the perpetrator volcano on June 14 at an American Geophysical Union conference on volcanism and the atmosphere. But he declined to name the specific volcano, saying he had agreed with his international colleagues not to identify it until the work is published in a peer-reviewed journal. “We have new and solid evidence for the biggest volcanic eruption in 7,000 years,” Lavigne said. Consensus in the meeting hallways was that he showed pictures of Indonesia. Lavigne would say only that Indonesia has more than 130 active volcanoes. Scientists know a big eruption
RE: [iagi-net-l] Erupsi besar gunungapi, abad ke 13 di Indonesia ?
Temuan yang luar biasa, tunggu aja published report nya. YSY From: Rovicky Dwi Putrohari [mailto:rovi...@gmail.com] Sent: Saturday, June 16, 2012 7:31 PM To: IAGI; geologi...@googlegroups.com Subject: [iagi-net-l] Erupsi besar gunungapi, abad ke 13 di Indonesia ? Gunung mana ya ? Rdp http://www.sciencenews.org/view/generic/id/341497/title/13th_century_volcano _mystery_may_be_solved 13th Century Volcano Mystery May Be Solved - Science News SELFOSS, Iceland One of the biggest mysteries in volcanology may finally have a solution. An eruption long thought to have gone off in the year 1258, spreading cooling sulfur particles around the globe, happened the year before in Indonesia, scientists report. Until now, researchers have known a big volcano went off somewhere in the world around that time, but they didnt know exactly where or when. The new report still remains something of a mystery. Franck Lavigne, a geoscientist at Panthéon-Sorbonne University's Laboratory of Physical Geography in Meudon, France, showed data and close-up photographs of the remains of the perpetrator volcano on June 14 at an American Geophysical Union conference on volcanism and the atmosphere. But he declined to name the specific volcano, saying he had agreed with his international colleagues not to identify it until the work is published in a peer-reviewed journal. We have new and solid evidence for the biggest volcanic eruption in 7,000 years, Lavigne said. Consensus in the meeting hallways was that he showed pictures of Indonesia. Lavigne would say only that Indonesia has more than 130 active volcanoes. Scientists know a big eruption must have happened in the mid-13th century because ice cores from Greenland and Antarctica dating to that time contain huge amounts of sulfur. Tree rings, historical records and other evidence also show that the planet cooled soon thereafter. Big volcanic eruptions can spew sulfur particles into the upper atmosphere, where they spread around the globe and reflect sunlight, temporarily chilling the planet. Leading candidates for the 1258 eruption have included Mexicos El Chichón, which also erupted in 1982, and Quilotoa in the Ecuadorean Andes. But the chemical composition of rocks from those volcanoes, among other factors, dont really match the 1258 sulfur from ice cores. At the meeting, Lavigne showed geochemical analyses of rocks from his mystery volcano. They matched the chemistry of the polar sulfur almost perfectly. The rocks come from a caldera, the collapsed remains left behind after a large volcanic eruption drains an underground magma chamber. Newly unearthed historical records and other evidence show that climate changes were already happening in the region by the winter of 1257-1258, Lavigne said. We think the eruption may have been in the late spring or summer of 1257, he said. Thats nearly a year earlier than previously thought. Computer simulations suggest the eruption sent pumice flying into the air more than 40 kilometers high, showering debris for tens of kilometers around. The eruption would have ranked a 7 on the volcanic explosivity scale that measures an eruptions magnitude. That scale tops out at 8. Still, volcanologists have spent decades looking for the source of the 1257/1258 eruption. Its not yet clear whether Lavigne will be able to marshal enough evidence to convince everyone else. -- Sejarah itu tidak pernah usang untuk terus dipelajari
RE: [iagi-net-l] Erupsi besar gunungapi, abad ke 13 di Indonesia ?
Salah besar…, G Toba meledak besar 70.000 th yl YSY From: Franciscus B Sinartio [mailto:fbsinar...@yahoo.com] Sent: Saturday, June 16, 2012 7:43 PM To: iagi-net@iagi.or.id Subject: Re: [iagi-net-l] Erupsi besar gunungapi, abad ke 13 di Indonesia ? wah hebat ya dating system nya sampai tahu thn nya dengan ketepatan 2 tahun (1257 atau 1258). lah kalau ngak salah katanya saat itu Gunung Toba yang meledak? fbs _ From: Rovicky Dwi Putrohari rovi...@gmail.com To: IAGI iagi-net@iagi.or.id; geologi...@googlegroups.com geologi...@googlegroups.com Sent: Saturday, June 16, 2012 7:31 PM Subject: [iagi-net-l] Erupsi besar gunungapi, abad ke 13 di Indonesia ? Gunung mana ya ? Rdp http://www.sciencenews.org/view/generic/id/341497/title/13th_century_volcano_mystery_may_be_solved 13th Century Volcano Mystery May Be Solved - Science News SELFOSS, Iceland — One of the biggest mysteries in volcanology may finally have a solution. An eruption long thought to have gone off in the year 1258, spreading cooling sulfur particles around the globe, happened the year before in Indonesia, scientists report. Until now, researchers have known a big volcano went off somewhere in the world around that time, but they didn’t know exactly where or when. The new report still remains something of a mystery. Franck Lavigne, a geoscientist at Panthéon-Sorbonne University's Laboratory of Physical Geography in Meudon, France, showed data and close-up photographs of the remains of the perpetrator volcano on June 14 at an American Geophysical Union conference on volcanism and the atmosphere. But he declined to name the specific volcano, saying he had agreed with his international colleagues not to identify it until the work is published in a peer-reviewed journal. “We have new and solid evidence for the biggest volcanic eruption in 7,000 years,” Lavigne said. Consensus in the meeting hallways was that he showed pictures of Indonesia. Lavigne would say only that Indonesia has more than 130 active volcanoes. Scientists know a big eruption must have happened in the mid-13th century because ice cores from Greenland and Antarctica dating to that time contain huge amounts of sulfur. Tree rings, historical records and other evidence also show that the planet cooled soon thereafter. Big volcanic eruptions can spew sulfur particles into the upper atmosphere, where they spread around the globe and reflect sunlight, temporarily chilling the planet. Leading candidates for the 1258 eruption have included Mexico’s El Chichón, which also erupted in 1982, and Quilotoa in the Ecuadorean Andes. But the chemical composition of rocks from those volcanoes, among other factors, don’t really match the 1258 sulfur from ice cores. At the meeting, Lavigne showed geochemical analyses of rocks from his mystery volcano. They matched the chemistry of the polar sulfur almost perfectly. The rocks come from a caldera, the collapsed remains left behind after a large volcanic eruption drains an underground magma chamber. Newly unearthed historical records and other evidence show that climate changes were already happening in the region by the winter of 1257-1258, Lavigne said. “We think the eruption may have been in the late spring or summer of 1257,” he said. That’s nearly a year earlier than previously thought. Computer simulations suggest the eruption sent pumice flying into the air more than 40 kilometers high, showering debris for tens of kilometers around. The eruption would have ranked a 7 on the volcanic explosivity scale that measures an eruption’s magnitude. That scale tops out at 8. Still, volcanologists have spent decades looking for the source of the 1257/1258 eruption. It’s not yet clear whether Lavigne will be able to marshal enough evidence to convince everyone else. -- Sejarah itu tidak pernah usang untuk terus dipelajari
RE: [iagi-net-l] Erupsi besar gunungapi, abad ke 13 di Indonesia ?
He geodukun lagi? YSY From: abacht...@cbn.net.id [mailto:abacht...@cbn.net.id] Sent: Saturday, June 16, 2012 7:48 PM To: iagi-net@iagi.or.id Subject: Re: [iagi-net-l] Erupsi besar gunungapi, abad ke 13 di Indonesia ? Gunung Rinjani, Vick. Powered by Telkomsel BlackBerry® _ From: Rovicky Dwi Putrohari rovi...@gmail.com Date: Sat, 16 Jun 2012 19:31:05 +0700 To: IAGIiagi-net@iagi.or.id; geologi...@googlegroups.comgeologi...@googlegroups.com ReplyTo: iagi-net@iagi.or.id Subject: [iagi-net-l] Erupsi besar gunungapi, abad ke 13 di Indonesia ? Gunung mana ya ? Rdp http://www.sciencenews.org/view/generic/id/341497/title/13th_century_volcano _mystery_may_be_solved 13th Century Volcano Mystery May Be Solved - Science News SELFOSS, Iceland One of the biggest mysteries in volcanology may finally have a solution. An eruption long thought to have gone off in the year 1258, spreading cooling sulfur particles around the globe, happened the year before in Indonesia, scientists report. Until now, researchers have known a big volcano went off somewhere in the world around that time, but they didnt know exactly where or when. The new report still remains something of a mystery. Franck Lavigne, a geoscientist at Panthéon-Sorbonne University's Laboratory of Physical Geography in Meudon, France, showed data and close-up photographs of the remains of the perpetrator volcano on June 14 at an American Geophysical Union conference on volcanism and the atmosphere. But he declined to name the specific volcano, saying he had agreed with his international colleagues not to identify it until the work is published in a peer-reviewed journal. We have new and solid evidence for the biggest volcanic eruption in 7,000 years, Lavigne said. Consensus in the meeting hallways was that he showed pictures of Indonesia. Lavigne would say only that Indonesia has more than 130 active volcanoes. Scientists know a big eruption must have happened in the mid-13th century because ice cores from Greenland and Antarctica dating to that time contain huge amounts of sulfur. Tree rings, historical records and other evidence also show that the planet cooled soon thereafter. Big volcanic eruptions can spew sulfur particles into the upper atmosphere, where they spread around the globe and reflect sunlight, temporarily chilling the planet. Leading candidates for the 1258 eruption have included Mexicos El Chichón, which also erupted in 1982, and Quilotoa in the Ecuadorean Andes. But the chemical composition of rocks from those volcanoes, among other factors, dont really match the 1258 sulfur from ice cores. At the meeting, Lavigne showed geochemical analyses of rocks from his mystery volcano. They matched the chemistry of the polar sulfur almost perfectly. The rocks come from a caldera, the collapsed remains left behind after a large volcanic eruption drains an underground magma chamber. Newly unearthed historical records and other evidence show that climate changes were already happening in the region by the winter of 1257-1258, Lavigne said. We think the eruption may have been in the late spring or summer of 1257, he said. Thats nearly a year earlier than previously thought. Computer simulations suggest the eruption sent pumice flying into the air more than 40 kilometers high, showering debris for tens of kilometers around. The eruption would have ranked a 7 on the volcanic explosivity scale that measures an eruptions magnitude. That scale tops out at 8. Still, volcanologists have spent decades looking for the source of the 1257/1258 eruption. Its not yet clear whether Lavigne will be able to marshal enough evidence to convince everyone else. -- Sejarah itu tidak pernah usang untuk terus dipelajari
RE: [iagi-net-l] Erupsi besar gunungapi, abad ke 13 di Indonesia ?
Hee… Aussie kemana aja lu Tolong dibaca yg bener dong: ada letusan besar selama 7.000 .th ini. Dating yang dilakukan bukan terhadap batuan gunungapinya, tapi dari perubahan global climate, dan es kutub yang mengandung S tinggi pada sekitar th tersebut. Jadi belum ada data absolutr dating yg di released!!! Salam, YSY From: aussie gautama [mailto:aussiegaut...@yahoo.com] Sent: Saturday, June 16, 2012 8:32 PM To: iagi-net@iagi.or.id Subject: Re: [iagi-net-l] Erupsi besar gunungapi, abad ke 13 di Indonesia ? Iya hebat, presisi 2 tahun, tapi dibagian lain dia mention ... ...the biggest volcanic eruption in 7000 years.., meleset 6300 tahun...hehe _ From: Franciscus B Sinartio fbsinar...@yahoo.com To: iagi-net@iagi.or.id iagi-net@iagi.or.id Sent: Saturday, June 16, 2012 8:42 PM Subject: Re: [iagi-net-l] Erupsi besar gunungapi, abad ke 13 di Indonesia ? wah hebat ya dating system nya sampai tahu thn nya dengan ketepatan 2 tahun (1257 atau 1258). lah kalau ngak salah katanya saat itu Gunung Toba yang meledak? fbs _ From: Rovicky Dwi Putrohari rovi...@gmail.com To: IAGI iagi-net@iagi.or.id; geologi...@googlegroups.com geologi...@googlegroups.com Sent: Saturday, June 16, 2012 7:31 PM Subject: [iagi-net-l] Erupsi besar gunungapi, abad ke 13 di Indonesia ? Gunung mana ya ? Rdp http://www.sciencenews.org/view/generic/id/341497/title/13th_century_volcano_mystery_may_be_solved 13th Century Volcano Mystery May Be Solved - Science News SELFOSS, Iceland — One of the biggest mysteries in volcanology may finally have a solution. An eruption long thought to have gone off in the year 1258, spreading cooling sulfur particles around the globe, happened the year before in Indonesia, scientists report. Until now, researchers have known a big volcano went off somewhere in the world around that time, but they didn’t know exactly where or when. The new report still remains something of a mystery. Franck Lavigne, a geoscientist at Panthéon-Sorbonne University's Laboratory of Physical Geography in Meudon, France, showed data and close-up photographs of the remains of the perpetrator volcano on June 14 at an American Geophysical Union conference on volcanism and the atmosphere. But he declined to name the specific volcano, saying he had agreed with his international colleagues not to identify it until the work is published in a peer-reviewed journal. “We have new and solid evidence for the biggest volcanic eruption in 7,000 years,” Lavigne said. Consensus in the meeting hallways was that he showed pictures of Indonesia. Lavigne would say only that Indonesia has more than 130 active volcanoes. Scientists know a big eruption must have happened in the mid-13th century because ice cores from Greenland and Antarctica dating to that time contain huge amounts of sulfur. Tree rings, historical records and other evidence also show that the planet cooled soon thereafter. Big volcanic eruptions can spew sulfur particles into the upper atmosphere, where they spread around the globe and reflect sunlight, temporarily chilling the planet. Leading candidates for the 1258 eruption have included Mexico’s El Chichón, which also erupted in 1982, and Quilotoa in the Ecuadorean Andes. But the chemical composition of rocks from those volcanoes, among other factors, don’t really match the 1258 sulfur from ice cores. At the meeting, Lavigne showed geochemical analyses of rocks from his mystery volcano. They matched the chemistry of the polar sulfur almost perfectly. The rocks come from a caldera, the collapsed remains left behind after a large volcanic eruption drains an underground magma chamber. Newly unearthed historical records and other evidence show that climate changes were already happening in the region by the winter of 1257-1258, Lavigne said. “We think the eruption may have been in the late spring or summer of 1257,” he said. That’s nearly a year earlier than previously thought. Computer simulations suggest the eruption sent pumice flying into the air more than 40 kilometers high, showering debris for tens of kilometers around. The eruption would have ranked a 7 on the volcanic explosivity scale that measures an eruption’s magnitude. That scale tops out at 8. Still, volcanologists have spent decades looking for the source of the 1257/1258 eruption. It’s not yet clear whether Lavigne will be able to marshal enough evidence to convince everyone else. -- Sejarah itu tidak pernah usang untuk terus dipelajari
RE: [iagi-net-l] Erupsi besar gunungapi, abad ke 13 di Indonesia ?
Ya Danny, tlg confirm dengan coral reef ini kan bidang keahlian anda, kontribusi anda sangat kita perlukan. Meskipun Lavigne bukan volcanologist temuannya wajib kita apresiasi. Saya ingat Haroun Tassief yg bukan volcanologist, tapi dokumentasinya banyak di apresiasi oleh para volcanologist dunia. Selamat berburu koral berumur abat 13. Salam, YSY From: danny.hil...@gmail.com [mailto:danny.hil...@gmail.com] Sent: Saturday, June 16, 2012 10:12 PM To: iagi-net@iagi.or.id Subject: Re: [iagi-net-l] Erupsi besar gunungapi, abad ke 13 di Indonesia ? Di artikel itu disebutkan ada data treering dan historical record di seluruh dunia, jadI wajar saja kalo akurasinya bisa 1-2 tahun. Yang dperdebatkan adalah gunung yang mana? Surprise juga kalo G Rinjani yg meletus kita yang punya gunung ga tahu, malah orang luar yg nemukannya. Padahal seharusnya ada dalam sejarah (masa Majapahit). Bagaimana impact-nya ke masyarakat/kerajaan waktu itu ya? Kalo benar Rinjani, satu fakta nyata kita sangat sedikit mempelajari sejarah dan bencana2 di massa lalu. Saya akan cari juga di data coral rings sekitar tahun itu, sisapa tahu ada sesuatu. Yg jelas data erupsi Tambora 1815 terlihat jelas pada rekaman koral. Frank Lavigne itu rasanya bukan volcanologist. Dia dulu ikut studi tsunami Aceh dan membuat film dan animasi yg bagus. Dia istrinya orang Jogya klo ga salah. Salam DHN Danny Hilman Natawidjaja LabEarth (Laboratory for Earth Hazards) Geoteknologi - LIPI _ From: Franciscus B Sinartio fbsinar...@yahoo.com Date: Sat, 16 Jun 2012 05:42:53 -0700 (PDT) To: iagi-net@iagi.or.idiagi-net@iagi.or.id ReplyTo: iagi-net@iagi.or.id Subject: Re: [iagi-net-l] Erupsi besar gunungapi, abad ke 13 di Indonesia ? wah hebat ya dating system nya sampai tahu thn nya dengan ketepatan 2 tahun (1257 atau 1258). lah kalau ngak salah katanya saat itu Gunung Toba yang meledak? fbs _ From: Rovicky Dwi Putrohari rovi...@gmail.com To: IAGI iagi-net@iagi.or.id; geologi...@googlegroups.com geologi...@googlegroups.com Sent: Saturday, June 16, 2012 7:31 PM Subject: [iagi-net-l] Erupsi besar gunungapi, abad ke 13 di Indonesia ? Gunung mana ya ? Rdp http://www.sciencenews.org/view/generic/id/341497/title/13th_century_volcano_mystery_may_be_solved 13th Century Volcano Mystery May Be Solved - Science News SELFOSS, Iceland — One of the biggest mysteries in volcanology may finally have a solution. An eruption long thought to have gone off in the year 1258, spreading cooling sulfur particles around the globe, happened the year before in Indonesia, scientists report. Until now, researchers have known a big volcano went off somewhere in the world around that time, but they didn’t know exactly where or when. The new report still remains something of a mystery. Franck Lavigne, a geoscientist at Panthéon-Sorbonne University's Laboratory of Physical Geography in Meudon, France, showed data and close-up photographs of the remains of the perpetrator volcano on June 14 at an American Geophysical Union conference on volcanism and the atmosphere. But he declined to name the specific volcano, saying he had agreed with his international colleagues not to identify it until the work is published in a peer-reviewed journal. “We have new and solid evidence for the biggest volcanic eruption in 7,000 years,” Lavigne said. Consensus in the meeting hallways was that he showed pictures of Indonesia. Lavigne would say only that Indonesia has more than 130 active volcanoes. Scientists know a big eruption must have happened in the mid-13th century because ice cores from Greenland and Antarctica dating to that time contain huge amounts of sulfur. Tree rings, historical records and other evidence also show that the planet cooled soon thereafter. Big volcanic eruptions can spew sulfur particles into the upper atmosphere, where they spread around the globe and reflect sunlight, temporarily chilling the planet. Leading candidates for the 1258 eruption have included Mexico’s El Chichón, which also erupted in 1982, and Quilotoa in the Ecuadorean Andes. But the chemical composition of rocks from those volcanoes, among other factors, don’t really match the 1258 sulfur from ice cores. At the meeting, Lavigne showed geochemical analyses of rocks from his mystery volcano. They matched the chemistry of the polar sulfur almost perfectly. The rocks come from a caldera, the collapsed remains left behind after a large volcanic eruption drains an underground magma chamber. Newly unearthed historical records and other evidence show that climate changes were already happening in the region by the winter of 1257-1258, Lavigne said. “We think the eruption may have been in the late spring or summer of 1257,” he said. That’s nearly a year earlier than previously thought. Computer simulations suggest the eruption sent pumice flying into the air more than 40 kilometers high, showering debris
Re: [iagi-net-l] Erupsi besar gunungapi, abad ke 13 di Indonesia ?
Jangan begitu, Powered by Telkomsel BlackBerry® -Original Message- From: Yustinus Suyatno Yuwono yuw...@gc.itb.ac.id Date: Tue, 3 Jul 2012 12:04:30 To: iagi-net@iagi.or.id Reply-To: iagi-net@iagi.or.id Subject: RE: [iagi-net-l] Erupsi besar gunungapi, abad ke 13 di Indonesia ? He… geodukun lagi? YSY From: abacht...@cbn.net.id [mailto:abacht...@cbn.net.id] Sent: Saturday, June 16, 2012 7:48 PM To: iagi-net@iagi.or.id Subject: Re: [iagi-net-l] Erupsi besar gunungapi, abad ke 13 di Indonesia ? Gunung Rinjani, Vick. Powered by Telkomsel BlackBerry® _ From: Rovicky Dwi Putrohari rovi...@gmail.com Date: Sat, 16 Jun 2012 19:31:05 +0700 To: IAGIiagi-net@iagi.or.id; geologi...@googlegroups.comgeologi...@googlegroups.com ReplyTo: iagi-net@iagi.or.id Subject: [iagi-net-l] Erupsi besar gunungapi, abad ke 13 di Indonesia ? Gunung mana ya ? Rdp http://www.sciencenews.org/view/generic/id/341497/title/13th_century_volcano _mystery_may_be_solved 13th Century Volcano Mystery May Be Solved - Science News SELFOSS, Iceland — One of the biggest mysteries in volcanology may finally have a solution. An eruption long thought to have gone off in the year 1258, spreading cooling sulfur particles around the globe, happened the year before in Indonesia, scientists report. Until now, researchers have known a big volcano went off somewhere in the world around that time, but they didn’t know exactly where or when. The new report still remains something of a mystery. Franck Lavigne, a geoscientist at Panthéon-Sorbonne University's Laboratory of Physical Geography in Meudon, France, showed data and close-up photographs of the remains of the perpetrator volcano on June 14 at an American Geophysical Union conference on volcanism and the atmosphere. But he declined to name the specific volcano, saying he had agreed with his international colleagues not to identify it until the work is published in a peer-reviewed journal. “We have new and solid evidence for the biggest volcanic eruption in 7,000 years,” Lavigne said. Consensus in the meeting hallways was that he showed pictures of Indonesia. Lavigne would say only that Indonesia has more than 130 active volcanoes. Scientists know a big eruption must have happened in the mid-13th century because ice cores from Greenland and Antarctica dating to that time contain huge amounts of sulfur. Tree rings, historical records and other evidence also show that the planet cooled soon thereafter. Big volcanic eruptions can spew sulfur particles into the upper atmosphere, where they spread around the globe and reflect sunlight, temporarily chilling the planet. Leading candidates for the 1258 eruption have included Mexico’s El Chichón, which also erupted in 1982, and Quilotoa in the Ecuadorean Andes. But the chemical composition of rocks from those volcanoes, among other factors, don’t really match the 1258 sulfur from ice cores. At the meeting, Lavigne showed geochemical analyses of rocks from his mystery volcano. They matched the chemistry of the polar sulfur almost perfectly. The rocks come from a caldera, the collapsed remains left behind after a large volcanic eruption drains an underground magma chamber. Newly unearthed historical records and other evidence show that climate changes were already happening in the region by the winter of 1257-1258, Lavigne said. “We think the eruption may have been in the late spring or summer of 1257,” he said. That’s nearly a year earlier than previously thought. Computer simulations suggest the eruption sent pumice flying into the air more than 40 kilometers high, showering debris for tens of kilometers around. The eruption would have ranked a 7 on the volcanic explosivity scale that measures an eruption’s magnitude. That scale tops out at 8. Still, volcanologists have spent decades looking for the source of the 1257/1258 eruption. It’s not yet clear whether Lavigne will be able to marshal enough evidence to convince everyone else. -- Sejarah itu tidak pernah usang untuk terus dipelajari
Re: [iagi-net-l] Erupsi besar gunungapi, abad ke 13 di Indonesia ?
Heeeh ya Ausie , apa ndak salah ngetik ? si Abah From: aussie gautama aussiegaut...@yahoo.com To: iagi-net@iagi.or.id iagi-net@iagi.or.id Sent: Saturday, June 16, 2012 8:32 PM Subject: Re: [iagi-net-l] Erupsi besar gunungapi, abad ke 13 di Indonesia ? Iya hebat, presisi 2 tahun, tapi dibagian lain dia mention ... ...the biggest volcanic eruption in 7000 years.., meleset 6300 tahun...hehe From: Franciscus B Sinartio fbsinar...@yahoo.com To: iagi-net@iagi.or.id iagi-net@iagi.or.id Sent: Saturday, June 16, 2012 8:42 PM Subject: Re: [iagi-net-l] Erupsi besar gunungapi, abad ke 13 di Indonesia ? wah hebat ya dating system nya sampai tahu thn nya dengan ketepatan 2 tahun (1257 atau 1258). lah kalau ngak salah katanya saat itu Gunung Toba yang meledak? fbs From: Rovicky Dwi Putrohari rovi...@gmail.com To: IAGI iagi-net@iagi.or.id; geologi...@googlegroups.com geologi...@googlegroups.com Sent: Saturday, June 16, 2012 7:31 PM Subject: [iagi-net-l] Erupsi besar gunungapi, abad ke 13 di Indonesia ? Gunung mana ya ? Rdp http://www.sciencenews.org/view/generic/id/341497/title/13th_century_volcano_mystery_may_be_solved 13th Century Volcano Mystery May Be Solved - Science News SELFOSS, Iceland — One of the biggest mysteries in volcanology may finally have a solution. An eruption long thought to have gone off in the year 1258, spreading cooling sulfur particles around the globe, happened the year before in Indonesia, scientists report. Until now, researchers have known a big volcano went off somewhere in the world around that time, but they didn’t know exactly where or when. The new report still remains something of a mystery. Franck Lavigne, a geoscientist at Panthéon-Sorbonne University's Laboratory of Physical Geography in Meudon, France, showed data and close-up photographs of the remains of the perpetrator volcano on June 14 at an American Geophysical Union conference on volcanism and the atmosphere. But he declined to name the specific volcano, saying he had agreed with his international colleagues not to identify it until the work is published in a peer-reviewed journal. “We have new and solid evidence for the biggest volcanic eruption in 7,000 years,” Lavigne said. Consensus in the meeting hallways was that he showed pictures of Indonesia. Lavigne would say only that Indonesia has more than 130 active volcanoes. Scientists know a big eruption must have happened in the mid-13th century because ice cores from Greenland and Antarctica dating to that time contain huge amounts of sulfur. Tree rings, historical records and other evidence also show that the planet cooled soon thereafter. Big volcanic eruptions can spew sulfur particles into the upper atmosphere, where they spread around the globe and reflect sunlight, temporarily chilling the planet. Leading candidates for the 1258 eruption have included Mexico’s El Chichón, which also erupted in 1982, and Quilotoa in the Ecuadorean Andes. But the chemical composition of rocks from those volcanoes, among other factors, don’t really match the 1258 sulfur from ice cores. At the meeting, Lavigne showed geochemical analyses of rocks from his mystery volcano. They matched the chemistry of the polar sulfur almost perfectly. The rocks come from a caldera, the collapsed remains left behind after a large volcanic eruption drains an underground magma chamber. Newly unearthed historical records and other evidence show that climate changes were already happening in the region by the winter of 1257-1258, Lavigne said. “We think the eruption may have been in the late spring or summer of 1257,” he said. That’s nearly a year earlier than previously thought. Computer simulations suggest the eruption sent pumice flying into the air more than 40 kilometers high, showering debris for tens of kilometers around. The eruption would have ranked a 7 on the volcanic explosivity scale that measures an eruption’s magnitude. That scale tops out at 8. Still, volcanologists have spent decades looking for the source of the 1257/1258 eruption. It’s not yet clear whether Lavigne will be able to marshal enough evidence to convince everyone else. -- Sejarah itu tidak pernah usang untuk terus dipelajari
Re: [iagi-net-l] Erupsi besar gunungapi, abad ke 13 di Indonesia ?
wah hebat ya dating system nya sampai tahu thn nya dengan ketepatan 2 tahun (1257 atau 1258). lah kalau ngak salah katanya saat itu Gunung Toba yang meledak? fbs From: Rovicky Dwi Putrohari rovi...@gmail.com To: IAGI iagi-net@iagi.or.id; geologi...@googlegroups.com geologi...@googlegroups.com Sent: Saturday, June 16, 2012 7:31 PM Subject: [iagi-net-l] Erupsi besar gunungapi, abad ke 13 di Indonesia ? Gunung mana ya ? Rdp http://www.sciencenews.org/view/generic/id/341497/title/13th_century_volcano_mystery_may_be_solved 13th Century Volcano Mystery May Be Solved - Science News SELFOSS, Iceland — One of the biggest mysteries in volcanology may finally have a solution. An eruption long thought to have gone off in the year 1258, spreading cooling sulfur particles around the globe, happened the year before in Indonesia, scientists report. Until now, researchers have known a big volcano went off somewhere in the world around that time, but they didn’t know exactly where or when. The new report still remains something of a mystery. Franck Lavigne, a geoscientist at Panthéon-Sorbonne University's Laboratory of Physical Geography in Meudon, France, showed data and close-up photographs of the remains of the perpetrator volcano on June 14 at an American Geophysical Union conference on volcanism and the atmosphere. But he declined to name the specific volcano, saying he had agreed with his international colleagues not to identify it until the work is published in a peer-reviewed journal. “We have new and solid evidence for the biggest volcanic eruption in 7,000 years,” Lavigne said. Consensus in the meeting hallways was that he showed pictures of Indonesia. Lavigne would say only that Indonesia has more than 130 active volcanoes. Scientists know a big eruption must have happened in the mid-13th century because ice cores from Greenland and Antarctica dating to that time contain huge amounts of sulfur. Tree rings, historical records and other evidence also show that the planet cooled soon thereafter. Big volcanic eruptions can spew sulfur particles into the upper atmosphere, where they spread around the globe and reflect sunlight, temporarily chilling the planet. Leading candidates for the 1258 eruption have included Mexico’s El Chichón, which also erupted in 1982, and Quilotoa in the Ecuadorean Andes. But the chemical composition of rocks from those volcanoes, among other factors, don’t really match the 1258 sulfur from ice cores. At the meeting, Lavigne showed geochemical analyses of rocks from his mystery volcano. They matched the chemistry of the polar sulfur almost perfectly. The rocks come from a caldera, the collapsed remains left behind after a large volcanic eruption drains an underground magma chamber. Newly unearthed historical records and other evidence show that climate changes were already happening in the region by the winter of 1257-1258, Lavigne said. “We think the eruption may have been in the late spring or summer of 1257,” he said. That’s nearly a year earlier than previously thought. Computer simulations suggest the eruption sent pumice flying into the air more than 40 kilometers high, showering debris for tens of kilometers around. The eruption would have ranked a 7 on the volcanic explosivity scale that measures an eruption’s magnitude. That scale tops out at 8. Still, volcanologists have spent decades looking for the source of the 1257/1258 eruption. It’s not yet clear whether Lavigne will be able to marshal enough evidence to convince everyone else. -- Sejarah itu tidak pernah usang untuk terus dipelajari
Re: [iagi-net-l] Erupsi besar gunungapi, abad ke 13 di Indonesia ?
Gunung Rinjani, Vick. Powered by Telkomsel BlackBerry® -Original Message- From: Rovicky Dwi Putrohari rovi...@gmail.com Date: Sat, 16 Jun 2012 19:31:05 To: IAGIiagi-net@iagi.or.id; geologi...@googlegroups.comgeologi...@googlegroups.com Reply-To: iagi-net@iagi.or.id Subject: [iagi-net-l] Erupsi besar gunungapi, abad ke 13 di Indonesia ? Gunung mana ya ? Rdp http://www.sciencenews.org/view/generic/id/341497/title/13th_century_volcano_mystery_may_be_solved 13th Century Volcano Mystery May Be Solved - Science News *SELFOSS, Iceland* — One of the biggest mysteries in volcanology may finally have a solution. An eruption long thought to have gone off in the year 1258, spreading cooling sulfur particles around the globe, happened the year before in Indonesia, scientists report. Until now, researchers have known a big volcano went off somewhere in the world around that time, but they didn’t know exactly where or when. The new report still remains something of a mystery. Franck Lavigne, a geoscientist at Panthéon-Sorbonne University's Laboratory of Physical Geography in Meudon, France, showed data and close-up photographs of the remains of the perpetrator volcano on June 14 at an American Geophysical Union conference on volcanism and the atmosphere. But he declined to name the specific volcano, saying he had agreed with his international colleagues not to identify it until the work is published in a peer-reviewed journal. “We have new and solid evidence for the biggest volcanic eruption in 7,000 years,” Lavigne said. Consensus in the meeting hallways was that he showed pictures of Indonesia. Lavigne would say only that Indonesia has more than 130 active volcanoes. Scientists know a big eruption must have happened in the mid-13th century because ice cores from Greenland and Antarctica dating to that time contain huge amounts of sulfur. Tree rings, historical records and other evidence also show that the planet cooled soon thereafter. Big volcanic eruptions can spew sulfur particles into the upper atmosphere, where they spread around the globe and reflect sunlight, temporarily chilling the planet. Leading candidates for the 1258 eruption have included Mexico’s El Chichón, which also erupted in 1982, and Quilotoa in the Ecuadorean Andes. But the chemical composition of rocks from those volcanoes, among other factors, don’t really match the 1258 sulfur from ice cores. At the meeting, Lavigne showed geochemical analyses of rocks from his mystery volcano. They matched the chemistry of the polar sulfur almost perfectly. The rocks come from a caldera, the collapsed remains left behind after a large volcanic eruption drains an underground magma chamber. Newly unearthed historical records and other evidence show that climate changes were already happening in the region by the winter of 1257-1258, Lavigne said. “We think the eruption may have been in the late spring or summer of 1257,” he said. That’s nearly a year earlier than previously thought. Computer simulations suggest the eruption sent pumice flying into the air more than 40 kilometers high, showering debris for tens of kilometers around. The eruption would have ranked a 7 on the volcanic explosivity scale that measures an eruption’s magnitude. That scale tops out at 8. Still, volcanologists have spent decades looking for the source of the 1257/1258 eruption. It’s not yet clear whether Lavigne will be able to marshal enough evidence to convince everyone else. -- *Sejarah itu tidak pernah usang untuk terus dipelajari*
Re: [iagi-net-l] Erupsi besar gunungapi, abad ke 13 di Indonesia ?
Iya hebat, presisi 2 tahun, tapi dibagian lain dia mention ... ...the biggest volcanic eruption in 7000 years.., meleset 6300 tahun...hehe From: Franciscus B Sinartio fbsinar...@yahoo.com To: iagi-net@iagi.or.id iagi-net@iagi.or.id Sent: Saturday, June 16, 2012 8:42 PM Subject: Re: [iagi-net-l] Erupsi besar gunungapi, abad ke 13 di Indonesia ? wah hebat ya dating system nya sampai tahu thn nya dengan ketepatan 2 tahun (1257 atau 1258). lah kalau ngak salah katanya saat itu Gunung Toba yang meledak? fbs From: Rovicky Dwi Putrohari rovi...@gmail.com To: IAGI iagi-net@iagi.or.id; geologi...@googlegroups.com geologi...@googlegroups.com Sent: Saturday, June 16, 2012 7:31 PM Subject: [iagi-net-l] Erupsi besar gunungapi, abad ke 13 di Indonesia ? Gunung mana ya ? Rdp http://www.sciencenews.org/view/generic/id/341497/title/13th_century_volcano_mystery_may_be_solved 13th Century Volcano Mystery May Be Solved - Science News SELFOSS, Iceland — One of the biggest mysteries in volcanology may finally have a solution. An eruption long thought to have gone off in the year 1258, spreading cooling sulfur particles around the globe, happened the year before in Indonesia, scientists report. Until now, researchers have known a big volcano went off somewhere in the world around that time, but they didn’t know exactly where or when. The new report still remains something of a mystery. Franck Lavigne, a geoscientist at Panthéon-Sorbonne University's Laboratory of Physical Geography in Meudon, France, showed data and close-up photographs of the remains of the perpetrator volcano on June 14 at an American Geophysical Union conference on volcanism and the atmosphere. But he declined to name the specific volcano, saying he had agreed with his international colleagues not to identify it until the work is published in a peer-reviewed journal. “We have new and solid evidence for the biggest volcanic eruption in 7,000 years,” Lavigne said. Consensus in the meeting hallways was that he showed pictures of Indonesia. Lavigne would say only that Indonesia has more than 130 active volcanoes. Scientists know a big eruption must have happened in the mid-13th century because ice cores from Greenland and Antarctica dating to that time contain huge amounts of sulfur. Tree rings, historical records and other evidence also show that the planet cooled soon thereafter. Big volcanic eruptions can spew sulfur particles into the upper atmosphere, where they spread around the globe and reflect sunlight, temporarily chilling the planet. Leading candidates for the 1258 eruption have included Mexico’s El Chichón, which also erupted in 1982, and Quilotoa in the Ecuadorean Andes. But the chemical composition of rocks from those volcanoes, among other factors, don’t really match the 1258 sulfur from ice cores. At the meeting, Lavigne showed geochemical analyses of rocks from his mystery volcano. They matched the chemistry of the polar sulfur almost perfectly. The rocks come from a caldera, the collapsed remains left behind after a large volcanic eruption drains an underground magma chamber. Newly unearthed historical records and other evidence show that climate changes were already happening in the region by the winter of 1257-1258, Lavigne said. “We think the eruption may have been in the late spring or summer of 1257,” he said. That’s nearly a year earlier than previously thought. Computer simulations suggest the eruption sent pumice flying into the air more than 40 kilometers high, showering debris for tens of kilometers around. The eruption would have ranked a 7 on the volcanic explosivity scale that measures an eruption’s magnitude. That scale tops out at 8. Still, volcanologists have spent decades looking for the source of the 1257/1258 eruption. It’s not yet clear whether Lavigne will be able to marshal enough evidence to convince everyone else. -- Sejarah itu tidak pernah usang untuk terus dipelajari
