[Fwd: CVS, Cygwin, IDE and Emacs]

2002-06-11 Thread Mike Ayers


Hello,

I've got a CVS repository (cvs 1.11) for a project that was originally being
built by makefiles under Cygwin, but has since been moved to a Windows IDE for
development.  All is generally well, with one problem.  I still check the
files in and out from Cygwin, but the text files now have DOS line ends
instead of Unix.  This is not really a problem, as I use the '-b' switch when
diffing.  However, Cygwin CVS uses vi (Vim) as the editor for checkin comments
(when I don't use -m), leaving Unix line ends on the comment lines, which CVS
leaves as is.  Emacs loads the file in Unix mode if even one line has a Unix
line end, so I get hundreds of lines (all the ones I'm interested in) with ^M
at the end.

I'm aware that this is not strictly a CVS issue, but I believe that this is the
place where I'm most likely to find someone who has encountered this before,
and perhaps solved it, or at least found a workaround.  I'm wondering what my
best option is.

I could try to use emacs as my editor for the comments, but I could only use
the floating window version (which is a slow load) because I use scrollbars in
my Windows consoles, and emacs -nw fills the entire buffer.

If anyone has anything on this, I'd sure like to hear it.


Thanks,

/|/|ike



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[Fwd: Backrevving a file]

2002-06-11 Thread Mike Ayers


I have a file which is, say, rev 1.11.  I would like to load the rev 1.10 
version of the file and start working from  there.  Anyone know how to do this?


Thanks,

/|/|ike



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Re: [Fwd: CVS, Cygwin, IDE and Emacs]

2002-06-11 Thread Mike Ayers


Eric Siegerman wrote:
  On Tue, Jun 11, 2002 at 03:52:43PM -0700, Mike Ayers wrote:
  
  I still check the
  files in and out from Cygwin, but the text files now have DOS line ends
  instead of Unix.
  
  
   Try using WinCVS or another of the GUI CVS clients, or even a
   native command-line version, instead of Cygwin.  I think there's also a
   setting somewhere in Cygwin that'll fix this.
 

SNIP/

  A bunch of possible kludges, but only one real solution -- get
  CVS to stop putting ^M's in the repository.

CVS isn't putting the ^M's in there - the IDE editor normalizes all line ends
to DOS standard, CVS just isn't removing them.  Is there a way to tell CVS to
automatically normalize line ends for text files?


/|/|ike



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Re: [Fwd: CVS, Cygwin, IDE and Emacs]

2002-06-11 Thread Mike Ayers


Noel Yap wrote:

 
 First, some questions:
 1. Why do you have version control comments within the
 files?

I didn't set up the repository, I inherited it.  I could probably remove the 
log, but some folk feel pretty strongly about keeping them in there.  It's a 
bit of a moot point in this case, since there is almost zero chance of 
branch-and-merge.

 2. Is your working directory mounted as binary or as
 text?

All my cygwin drives are mounted binary as is the default.  As I (vaguely) 
recall, mounting Cygwin drives text led to some bizarre complications.  Note 
that the repository contains text and binary (i.e. Word documents) files.


/|/|ike


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Re: [Fwd: CVS, Cygwin, IDE and Emacs]

2002-06-11 Thread Mike Ayers



Eric Siegerman wrote:

 My wording was imprecise.  I meant get CVS to start taking them
 out, as it's @#(! well supposed to do.  There's no way to tell
 CVS to do this; it's supposed to just happen.

Hmmm - if it's supposed to just happen, then that may explain it. 
Specifically, I am checking in DOS format files from a Unix format 
environment, so I suspect that my (Unix format compiled) CVS client just 
assumes that I have Unix format files and does no conversion, as it would not 
need to, ordinarily.  Your discussion of CVS internals in this regard support 
this theory, if I read it correctly.  Then the answer would be to use WinCVS 
after all, which would canonicalize the line ends for me, yes?


/|/|ike


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Re: [Fwd: CVS, Cygwin, IDE and Emacs]

2002-06-14 Thread Mike Ayers



Peter Ring wrote:
 Which Windows IDE is it?

TI's Code Composer.  It's an MSVC clone for DSP development.

 Emacsen (gnu or X, any platform) are pretty agnostic (ie: accommodating)
 wrt. line-ends. A shame some people never get to like emacs; there's also
 this very nice VC mode specifically for CVS, pcl-cvs, which is my primary
 GUI interface to CVS.

I do my major editing with Emacs, or else I wouldn't be having this problem. 
TICC canonicalizes line ends, while Emacs doesn't and can't be forced to 
(according to my reading of the docs, YMMV).

 On Windows, I use also the command line (cygwin) and occasionally WinCVS,
 TortoiseCVS, tkcvs, or jCVS.

Oy!  I'm using Cygwin and also have a copy of WinCVS, which I'd use if I could 
find the manual.

 WinCVS can be told to behave globally (per installation) to treat 'text'
 Unix-style or DOS-style. For me, this setting depends on which other CVS
 clients must be used in sandboxes on that machine, since CVS clients are
 rather unforgiving about the administrative files (in CVS subdirs in the
 sandbox).

The problem here is that Unix line ends are on checkin comments are being left 
as-is when added to DOS line end files.  I'm handling this by deleting all 
in-file logs, as often suggested.

 TortoiseCVS is becomming popular, I guess mainly because it's easy to get
 going for users that loathe command lines, and it's easy on the CVS admin
 wrt. support because it's 'just there' where people need it (it works as a
 shell extension to Explorer), and comes with a ssh client integrated. But
 text files (the administrative files, actually) must be DOS style for
 TortoiseCVS to work.

Then I'll avoid it, if only because I think that hex dumping files I can't 
understand to parse their line ends just shouldn't be necessary.


/|/|ike


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[Fwd: Re: [OT] RE: [Fwd: CVS, Cygwin, IDE and Emacs]]

2002-06-15 Thread Mike Ayers


Tim Bingham wrote:
 
  I do my major editing with Emacs, or else I wouldn't be having
  this problem.
TICC canonicalizes line ends, while Emacs doesn't and can't be forced to
(according to my reading of the docs, YMMV).
 
  OT: - emacs does the right thing! -

Back OT: what is the right thing?

  - when creating a new file it uses the line ending convention of the host

This is the right thing.  I don't think we could find any non-trolls to
disagree with this.

  - when modifying an existing file it accepts and preserves whatever line
ending convention the file already has

Is this the right thing?  In my case it is not.  I have files which have
mixed line endings.  Preserving these is not, for me, A Good Thing.  I would
prefer IETF treatment -  be liberal in what you accept, and strict in what you
emit.  I would rather see emacs canonicalize mixed line endings to the
platform default, but not change the file unless it is saved.  This implies
that there is no good reason to have mixed line endings, which is probably
true, but there's always the corner cases...

But I'm shooting the messenger here.  What shocked me was the discovery that
CVS does not canonicalize line endings, but assumes that the platform default
is in use.  This has never been a valid assumption (can you say FTP?  I try,
but it just comes out plltt), and we all know about assume anyway, yes?

I'd call it a bug, but line ending behavior is fragile and should never be
changed - it's not a bug, it's not a feature, it's just a fact.

So what should I have done?  Written wrapper scripts to call unix2dos on all
text type files that get comitted.  This may also require pre-invoking an
editor for the commit comments so that unix2dos can be run on them as well,
but it's not a bear of a script in any case.  I'll keep it in the back of my
mind and work on it as I am able.

  If all programs obeyed these simple rules we'd be living in a more
  perfect world.

*SIGH* - everyone says that, but they've never got the same set of rules!

;-)


/|/|ike



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Re: How to find out the CVSROOT and location in the repository of a working directory

2002-06-24 Thread Mike Ayers



Reinstein, Shlomo wrote:
 Thanks for the detailed reply!
 Before this sample script, I actually thought that your idea was bad because
 every type of shell or operating system has its own way of redirecting the
 standard error -- but you proved me wrong (or is it Perl that always
 launches the same type of shell when it runs backticks, and this is why it
 works?). I really didn't know that this error redirection is uniform in all
 shells and operating systems. (At least those we use, Linux and Windows with
 several shells in each.) I was surprised to see that this worked on both
 cmd on Windows, and on tcsh and bash on Linux.

I don't believe that it will work on tcsh, or any csh for that matter, since 
csh uses a different syntax to redirect stderr.  However, perl uses bourne 
shells by default for backtick evaluation, so the perl script will catch the 
stderr of its evaluated expression, even when invoked from a csh.  Such 
redirection (or anything for that matter) is not consistent from shell to 
shell.  Perl explicitly looks for a standard bourne shell (barring that, a 
shell that supports standard bourne behavior such as bash) when installing in 
an attempt to get reasonably consistent behavior.  However, this becomes 
problematic on systems like NT.  ActivePerl invokes CMD.EXE, whereas the 
perl.exe installed with Cygwin uses ash (a vanilla bourne shell) - these two 
behave quite differently.  However, if you limit the use of backtiks in Perl 
to output capture as shown, you will find your scripts pretty darn portable, 
as CMD.EXE supports bourne style command redirection.


/|/|ike


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WinCVS home directory

2002-06-24 Thread Mike Ayers


WinCVS keeps popping up messageboxes asking me to indicate my home 
directory. 
  This being Windows, I have no home directory.  Does anyone know what WinCVS 
really wants to know?


Thanks,

/|/|ike


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Re: Where can I find WinCVS?

2002-06-25 Thread Mike Ayers


Xicheng Jia wrote:
  Could you please tell me where I can find WinCVS. Thanks a lot. :-)

Start at www.cvsgui.org and find the downloads.  There's also lots of good
documentation there.


/|/|ike



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Conflict upon add

2002-06-25 Thread Mike Ayers


Using WinCVS, I added a PDF file to my archive (PDFs illustrate the problem of 
text file canonicalization - I don't know whether they're text or binary, but 
must check them in as one or the other).  Once added, it displayed as a 
conflict file.  It is my understanding that one needs revisions of a file for 
that file to be in conflict, yes?  Any idea what is happening here?


/|/|ike


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WinCVS tree commit

2002-06-25 Thread Mike Ayers


Using WinCVS, I would like to commit all the commitable files in the tree.  If 
I select the top directory and run commit from there, it doesn't seem to work, 
although it does appear to be recursing and doing something (what?).  Suggestions?


TiA,

/|/|ike


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Tag names

2002-06-29 Thread Mike Ayers


CVS has the (to me, odd) restriction on tags that they may not contain the 
characters `$,.:;@' .  This is puzzling in light of the fact that the most 
common way, both historically and currently, to tag releases is in x.y.z form. 
  I suspect that there is a standard substitution for the dots.  Is there?  If 
so, which char?


Thanks,

/|/|ike


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CVS friendly bug tracker

2002-06-29 Thread Mike Ayers


This probably comes up on a regular basis, but I'm looking for a bug tracker 
that's CVS friendly - bug numbers matched to checkins, etc.  If there's 
canned information on this, please just point the way.  I tried to check 
cvshome, but it's down at the moment (or the network between here and there is).


Thanks,

/|/|ike


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What tags are in my archive?

2002-07-02 Thread Mike Ayers


How can I get a list of the tags that have been applied to files in my archive?


Thanks,

/|/|ike


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Date of tagging

2002-07-10 Thread Mike Ayers


Is it possible to find out upon which date a tag was placed?  The information 
does not seem to be stored.  Barring that, I believe that I could do something 
like the following (pseudocode);

TaggedAfter = BeginningOfTime
TaggedBefore = EndOfTime
for each File of FilesInRepositoryWithTag
if CommitTime( TaggedRevision )  TaggedAfter
TaggedAfter = CommitTime( TaggedRevision )
if RevisionExists( TaggedRevision + 1 )
if CommitTime( TaggedRevision + 1 )  TaggedBefore
TaggedBefore = CommitTime( TaggedRevision + 1 )

This would at least give me the window in which the tag was stamped, I think. 
Is there a flaw in my thinking?  I'm interested in the answer to this even if 
there is a way to get a timestamp for the tagging operation itself.


Thanks,

/|/|ike


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Empty attic?

2002-07-10 Thread Mike Ayers


When attempting to change a tag name:

cvs rtag -r old-name-0-4 rel-0-4 tc

I get an error:

cvs [rtag aborted]: cannot open directory 
E:\CVSROOT\cameras\cam1\doc\vendor\Maxim/Attic

Upon checking, I find that the directory exists, is not read-only, and has no 
files in it (this is correct, as I have not removed any files from this 
directory).  Any ideas as to what CVS is gagging on or how I can fix it?


Thanks,

/|/|ike


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Re: Empty attic?

2002-07-10 Thread Mike Ayers



Larry Jones wrote:
 Mike Ayers writes:
 
cvs [rtag aborted]: cannot open directory 
E:\CVSROOT\cameras\cam1\doc\vendor\Maxim/Attic

  Upon checking, I find that the directory exists, is not read-only, and has no 
files in it (this is correct, as I have not removed any files from this 
directory).  Any ideas as to what CVS is gagging on or how I can fix it?
 
 
 Are you using cygwin?  There's some kind of a bug in some versions where
 it returns the wrong error code and thus makes CVS think there's
 something wrong rather than directory just being empty.

I am using WinCVS.  The archive was originally created with CVS on Cygwin, 
but, 
unless I misread you, that shouldn't make a difference.

 I'll also note in passing that you should use forward slashes in your
 CVSROOT, not backslashes.  Some parts of CVS don't handle backslashes so
 it will probably bite you sooner or later.

I went into the preferences of WinCVS and change E:\CVSROOT to E:/CVSROOT, 
which made it change backslashes to slashes, but when I ran the rtag command 
again, the output looked exactly the same as before.

Would it be safe to just delete the Attic directory?


/|/|ike


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Undoing cvs remove

2002-07-10 Thread Mike Ayers


I inadvertently performed a `cvs remove` on a file in WinCVS (I wanted to 
delete the file, then update it to get rid of changes I had made and get the 
archived revision back).  How do I undo this (i.e. not commit the remove and 
get the file back)?


Thanks,

/|/|ike


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Re: Undoing cvs remove

2002-07-10 Thread Mike Ayers


Allow me to (embarassedly) answer my own question: simply do a cvs add of the 
filename and it will be resurrected for you.  I found it in the Cederqvist, 
and it matches my intuitive notion of what to do, which, due to my attempts to 
fix the problem before reading the directions, was not possible at the moment.


/|/|ike

Mike Ayers wrote:
 
 I inadvertently performed a `cvs remove` on a file in WinCVS (I 
 wanted to delete the file, then update it to get rid of changes I had 
 made and get the archived revision back).  How do I undo this (i.e. not 
 commit the remove and get the file back)?
 
 
 Thanks,
 
 /|/|ike
 
 
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Re: WinCVS 1.10 problem Logging in

2002-07-15 Thread Mike Ayers


Larry Jones wrote:

  When you check out a directory, CVS remembers the CVSROOT and uses it
  for all subsequent operations in that directory.  (This makes life much
  simpler for those of us who use multiple repositories.)  What you need
  to do is to edit that saved CVSROOT (in CVS/Root) to have the correct
  username.

Is this generally safe?  Is it possible to delete CVS/* in a directory and do 
a 
`cvs update -d [CVSROOT]` to redirect CVSROOT?


/|/|ike


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Re: WinCVS 1.10 problem Logging in

2002-07-15 Thread Mike Ayers


Hmmm - I suspect my question was misunderstood, so I shall ask it differently.

If I edit the file CVS/Root for a given working directory, are there any other 
dependencies to be aware of, or is this just like setting the CVSROOT env var, 
except with a higher priority?

Could I delete the CVS directory tree in a given working directory, then `cvs 
login` to a different (or the same) server to correctly rebuild the CVS 
directory tree, pointing to the new server?


/|/|ike

Chris Palmer wrote:
 Your password isn't saved there, nor is the access method.
 it just tracks the server/directories.  You might already 
 have more info stored in your environment variables, if you
 tend to use just a single single repository all of the time.
 
 Obscurity isn't security, so if you choose to make sure 
 that your repository location is not know, you should also
 know that it WON'T be any safer by trying to hide them.
 Security is maintained via authentication and access control.
 
 Actually, you might be more concerned with the existence of
 the $HOME/.cvspass file (or whatever it's called), because 
 that actually does store passwords for repositories.  I think
 it only applies to pserver access, where you login to the cvs
 server to get access.
 
 -Chris
 
 Mike Ayers wrote
 
Larry Jones wrote:

  When you check out a directory, CVS remembers the CVSROOT and uses it
  for all subsequent operations in that directory.  (This makes life much
  simpler for those of us who use multiple repositories.)  What you need
  to do is to edit that saved CVSROOT (in CVS/Root) to have the correct
  username.

  Is this generally safe?  Is it possible to delete CVS/* in a directory and do 
a 
`cvs update -d [CVSROOT]` to redirect CVSROOT?


/|/|ike


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Re: CVS NT over extranet

2002-07-16 Thread Mike Ayers

Sumit Ranjan wrote:

 i am trying to connect to the CVS repository in India from 
 Germany...over the extranet.
 has anyone done so or has any idea about this ?

If you are referring to Nortel Networks' Extranet, then you should have no 
problem - use the FQDN of your CVS server and all should be well.

If you are referring to a generic extranet, then you should have no problem 
with CVS if your extranet is set up correctly, but that's another issue 
altogether.


/|/|ike


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Re: Accessing the repository via Internet

2002-07-16 Thread Mike Ayers


Helmut Mucker wrote:

 Is there a way to access our corporate repository
 from the Internet? Our security policy prohibits
 direct connections from the Internet to the
 CVS-Server.

ACK!  Haven't they heard of ssh?

 Can it be done using a ssh-proxy in the DMZ
 or something else?

It *can*...

However, since the stock response you will get on this issue will be use ssh, 
that's what it's for, you may find that no prewritten proxy exists.  I would 
not expect one, certainly.


/|/|ike

P.S.  Other responses, if they arrive, will probably be more authoritative 
than mine.   :-)


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Re: Accessing the repository via Internet

2002-07-16 Thread Mike Ayers


This has gone rather OT, but...

Kaz Kylheku wrote:

  I'm sure they have; however, using ssh requires opening up a
  port from the DMZ to their internal network. In the minds of the
  super-paranoid, this introduces the risk of someone exploiting a
  security hole in ssh.

Paranoia is good, uninformed paranoia is bad.  I'll take one good secured
authentication over two bad ones and a slap-together gateway.  There's much
less likely to be a security hole in ssh (open source, constantly reviewed
code), than there is in whatever proxy gets written.

  I think that if you combine ssh with host-based access control, and
  ensure that you only allow crypto authentication, you really have
  nothing to worry about.

ssh doesn't have unauthenticated or unencrypted modes, which is one thing that
makes it really popular with the security conscious.  Host based access
control, on the other hand, is easily enough defeated to not be worth doing.
In any case, with strong encryption and authentication (if it must be, then
use password strength checkers), what bonus does host based access control give?

  What you can do is nest two ssh connections. You see, you can use ssh
  to tell one machine to execute a command on a third machine using ssh.
 
  ssh dmz-host 'ssh secure-host command'
 
  With ssh-agent forwarding, it should work. Anyway, it's worth
  investigating this ``proxy'' scheme.

This will work if the DMZ machine permits logins and supports ssh.  It is a
good way to do things if the no direct connections from the internet rule is
unwaivable.


/|/|ike



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Re: file type exported (unix/pc)

2002-07-18 Thread Mike Ayers



pootle monster wrote:

 When I update my files I find that the files that get to me are in PC 
 format not unix
 
 I know its a minor problem, but its still bugging me
 I dont know whether this is an artefact of CVS or tortoise
 
 Is there an option so that I can choose Unix files?

It is neither a problem nor an artifact - CVS is giving you text files in the 
Windows format on a Windows machine - what else would you expect?

The problem is that you want them in a different format.  I don't know about 
TortoiseCVS, but WinCVS (www.cvsgui.org) permits checkout of text files with 
Unix line endings.  I do *not* know if it will properly check *in* those files 
after modification.  You can also use Cygwin, which has Unix line ends as the 
default in its CVS client.

*DANGER, WILL ROBINSON, DANGER!*  Be *very* careful which tools you use on 
these files before checking them back in, as most tools will convert the line 
endings to Windows style.  If you use Cygwin, it is best to write a little 
checkin script that runs dos2unix on text files before checkin.


/|/|ike


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Re: user unknown to this system in Windows2000 when I commit

2002-07-22 Thread Mike Ayers



Rob Helmer wrote:

 If you must run on Windows 2000, try CygWin : http://www.cygwin.com
 It comes with cvs and a bunch of other Unix tools compiled for 
 Windows.

Note that using Cygwin for Windows CVS can cause great headaches unless you 
pay 
constant attention to line terminators.  For pure Windows development, the 
graphical WinCVS interface (http://cvsgui.org) is better for most.


/|/|ike


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Funky error when running log

2002-07-22 Thread Mike Ayers


When running `cvs log` on the file Image55.jpg, I get the following output:

cvs log Image55.jpg (in directory C:\dssi\cameras\cam1\tools\doc\WinCVS\)
cvs log: warning: duplicate key `þ|-Á¿Ã¯ÃŠÃ¿' in RCS file 
`E:\CVSROOT/cameras/cam1/tools/doc/WinCVS/Image55.jpg,v'
cvs log: warning: duplicate key `þ|-Á¿Ã¯ÃŠÃ¿' in RCS file 
`E:\CVSROOT/cameras/cam1/tools/doc/WinCVS/Image55.jpg,v'
cvs log: warning: duplicate key `þ|-Á¿Ã¯ÃŠÃ¿' in RCS file 
`E:\CVSROOT/cameras/cam1/tools/doc/WinCVS/Image55.jpg,v'
cvs log: warning: duplicate key `þ|-Á¿Ã¯ÃŠÃ¿' in RCS file 
`E:\CVSROOT/cameras/cam1/tools/doc/WinCVS/Image55.jpg,v'
cvs log: warning: duplicate key `þ|-Á¿Ã¯ÃŠÃ¿' in RCS file 
`E:\CVSROOT/cameras/cam1/tools/doc/WinCVS/Image55.jpg,v'
cvs log: warning: duplicate key `þ|-Á¿Ã¯ÃŠÃ¿' in RCS file 
`E:\CVSROOT/cameras/cam1/tools/doc/WinCVS/Image55.jpg,v'
cvs log: warning: duplicate key `þ|-Á¿Ã¯ÃŠÃ¿' in RCS file 
`E:\CVSROOT/cameras/cam1/tools/doc/WinCVS/Image55.jpg,v'
cvs log: warning: duplicate key `þ|-Á¿Ã¯ÃŠÃ¿' in RCS file 
`E:\CVSROOT/cameras/cam1/tools/doc/WinCVS/Image55.jpg,v'
cvs log: warning: duplicate key `þ|-Á¿Ã¯ÃŠÃ¿' in RCS file 
`E:\CVSROOT/cameras/cam1/tools/doc/WinCVS/Image55.jpg,v'
cvs log: warning: duplicate key `þ|-Á¿Ã¯ÃŠÃ¿' in RCS file 
`E:\CVSROOT/cameras/cam1/tools/doc/WinCVS/Image55.jpg,v'
cvs log: warning: duplicate key `ÿ' in RCS file 
`E:\CVSROOT/cameras/cam1/tools/doc/WinCVS/Image55.jpg,v'
cvs log: warning: duplicate key `ÿ' in RCS file 
`E:\CVSROOT/cameras/cam1/tools/doc/WinCVS/Image55.jpg,v'
cvs log: warning: duplicate key `cå' in RCS file 
`E:\CVSROOT/cameras/cam1/tools/doc/WinCVS/Image55.jpg,v'
cvs log: warning: duplicate key `cå' in RCS file 
`E:\CVSROOT/cameras/cam1/tools/doc/WinCVS/Image55.jpg,v'
cvs log: warning: duplicate key `cå' in RCS file 
`E:\CVSROOT/cameras/cam1/tools/doc/WinCVS/Image55.jpg,v'
cvs [log aborted]: EOF in value in RCS file 
E:\CVSROOT/cameras/cam1/tools/doc/WinCVS/Image55.jpg,v

The file is stored as binary.  When I look at the JPEG, I get a correct image. 
  These errors manifested themselves when I tried to tag the tree, yet I've 
already tagged this file twice.  Any ideas?


TiA,

/|/|ike



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Repository troubles - expert help needed

2002-07-23 Thread Mike Ayers


I am having serious problems, and need help.  I suspect that my repository is 
corrupted.  I would like to know what to do to fix it.

As part of the project documentation, I checked in the WinCVS user's guide. 
This is 1 html file, wincvs11.htm, and about 60 images named Image*.jpg 
(numbered 1-63 with a few missing).  The problem is with Image55.jpg and 
possibly Image56.jpg.  I found that I could get logs on Image57.jpg and 
Image54.jpg, but not those two.  I also could get logs on other randomly 
sampled files.  It seems that any operation on the directory will fail when it 
gets to Image55.jpg:

cvs update -P (in directory C:\dssi\cameras\cam1\tools\doc\WinCVS\)
cvs update: Updating .
cvs update: nothing known about Image55.jpg

I am seeing a process crash (I suspect that it's the spawned CVS process) 
whenever I try to update the directory.  After the crash, there is a new file 
left in the repository such as:

#cvs.rfl.fluffy(mike).1208

My machine is fluffy and my username is mike.

When I cd into the repository directory and `more` the files, I notice that 
all 
the files have headers:

SNIP
head1.1;
access;
symbols
 dssi-cam1-0_3:1.1
 dssi-cam1-0_2:1.1;
locks; strict;
comment @# @;
expand  @b@;


1.1
date2002.06.25.15.30.51;author mike;state Exp;
branches;
next;


desc
@@


1.1
log
@Cumulative update
@
text
/SNIP

EXCEPT Image55.jpg,v and Image56.jpg,v!  I think I'm getting warm here...

The real issue, though, is how to correct this problem without disturbing the 
rest of the repository.

Gurus?


aTdHvAaNnKcSe,

/|/|ike


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Re: Is there a mean to set up cvs to check-out methods?

2002-07-29 Thread Mike Ayers


Cristian Romanescu wrote:

 I have a request from my boss, to find a mean to check-out from the
 repository not files, but at method level. Is there a way to set-up cvs to
 do that?

Ummm - does your boss realize that this is an unsound request?  Allow me to 
elaborate.  The file is the (almost universal) fundamental unit of 
compilation.  As such, everything in a file is run through the compiler 
together, and is therefore subject to the scope of compilation (example: 
static variables in C are visible to all methods in the same file, but nowhere 
else).  Therefore, checkout by method isn't a generally sound strategy, 
because you are not isolating the scope of the method.

Example: Programmer A checks out a method and makes a small but reasonable 
change.  Programmer B checks out another method in the same file and makes a 
small but reasonable change.  If these methods share file scoped data, then 
there is a possibility that these two changes, when merged (a checkout by 
method system will still have to merge, it will just do so automatically), 
will yield a broken file.

I suggest that you and your boss take a good look at what you are trying to 
achieve.  There is probably a more reasonable solution, such as 
method-per-file code storage, to achieve your ends.


/|/|ike


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Repairing repository

2002-07-29 Thread Mike Ayers


The device upon which my repository was stored has failed.  I have last week's 
backup, but I had done some checkins since then.  Fortunately, I have an up to 
date tree.  I have copied the backup in to create a new repository.  Now I 
must identify the files in the current working tree which are newer than 
(different from) the files in the repository, and get them comitted.  Any 
suggestions for the easy way to do this?


Thanks,

/|/|ike


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Re: Repairing repository

2002-07-29 Thread Mike Ayers



Matt Riechers wrote:
 [EMAIL PROTECTED] wrote:
 
I have copied the backup in to create a new repository.  Now I
must identify the files in the current working tree which are newer than
(different from) the files in the repository, and get them comitted.  Any
suggestions for the easy way to do this?
 
 
 What's wrong with 'cvs update/commit'?

Possibly nothing.  However, it was my understanding that `cvs update` 
will clobber any files which are different from those in the 
repository.  Checking, I see that this will only happen if I use the 
'-C' flag (which I don't want).  Will update then mark all files which 
are different from the repository as commitable, so I can just commit 
them and be back where I was?  If so, my day just got considerably 
brighter...


Thanks,

/|/|ike


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[Fwd: Re: Repairing repository]

2002-07-29 Thread Mike Ayers


Matt Riechers wrote:
  [EMAIL PROTECTED] wrote:
 
 Will update then mark all files which
 are different from the repository as commitable, so I can just commit
 them and be back where I was?  If so, my day just got considerably
 brighter...
 
 
  Essentially, yes. It will be as if you had checked out a fresh 
tree, and
  just updated those files by hand.

Unfortunately, this does not appear to be the case.  I copy the archive
from backup to disk, then copy the current development tree from
backup to its place.  When I run `cvs update`, the files in the
current tree are clobbered to match the repository.  Not what I want.
   Am I getting something wrong here?


/|/|ike



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Re: ftp location for CVS mailing list archives

2002-07-30 Thread Mike Ayers


Yep!  L(.)(.)k here--+
  |
Johnson, Susan wrote:|
 Is there an ftp location where I could download the|
 CVS mailing list archives? |
|
 I prefer to grep archives rather than use a search   |
 engine like webcrawler.|
|
 Thank you. |
|
 Susan Johnson  |
|
 ___|
 Info-cvs mailing list  |
 [EMAIL PROTECTED]   |
 http://mail.gnu.org/mailman/listinfo/info-cvs  ---+
 



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Re: Repairing repository

2002-07-30 Thread Mike Ayers


Okay, here's how I restored my repository from a recent archive of the 
repository itself and a good working tree (sandbox).  Thanks to all 
who responded - I couldn't have done it without you.

First, all work is done on copies of the archive and the sandbox. 
Whenever I made a mistake, I just erased my working copies and started 
over.

1.  Copy the archive to the new[1] location.  Call this the restored 
archive.

2.  Copy the sandbox to a new location.  Call this the preserved sandbox.

2.  In a new location, check out a sandbox from the archive.  Call this 
the restored sandbox.

3.  Delete everything from the restored sandbox that isn't a CVS admin 
file:

$ find . -type f | grep -v '/CVS/' | sed 's/^/\/' | sed 's/$/\/' | 
xargs rm

(the sed scripts enclose the filename in quotes to handle paths with 
spaces in them, which I had)

4.  Delete everything from the preserved sandbox that is a CVS admin file:

$ find . -type d -name CVS | sed 's/^/\/' | sed 's/$/\/' | xargs rm -rf

5.  Copy the preserved sandbox onto the restored sandbox:

$ cd /restored/sandbox
$ cp -R /preserved/sandbox/* .

6.  Do a `cvs update` on the restored sandbox.  This should reduce the 
differences to the files which are actually different, and mark those 
files commitable.

7.  Check the commitable files to ensure that they look like the ones 
in the preserved sandbox.

8.  Commit all the commitable files, using a comment which is the same 
for all of them, and which can be used to find them.  Optionally, tag 
them as well.

9.  Check out a new sandbox.  Other than the loss of some tags and 
commit comments, you should have your original archive back.  (Note: 
I put this step in because I found that the read-only bits on the 
files in the restored sandbox were inconsistent after the restoration).


That's it.  This is basically the method suggested by Eric Siegerman 
with a few modifications.  Hope it helps.


/|/|ike


[1] - Due to the nature of my archive failure, I could not restore my 
archive to its old location.  It makes no difference, though.


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How I repaired my repository

2002-07-30 Thread Mike Ayers


[Note: this is an update.  There were two steps I forgot]

Okay, here's how I restored my repository from a recent archive of the 
repository itself and a good working tree
(sandbox).  Thanks to all who responded - I couldn't have done
it without you.

First, all work is done on copies of the archive and the sandbox. 
Whenever I made a mistake, I just erased my working
copies and started over.

1.  Copy the archive to the new[1] location.  Call this the restored 
archive.

2.  Copy the sandbox to a new location.  Call this the preserved sandbox.

2.  In a new location, check out a sandbox from the archive.  Call this 
the restored sandbox.

3.  Delete everything from the restored sandbox that isn't a CVS admin 
file:

$ find . -type f | grep -v '/CVS/' | sed 's/^/\/' | sed 's/$/\/' |
xargs rm

(the sed scripts enclose the filename in quotes to handle paths with
spaces in them, which I had)

4.  Delete everything from the preserved sandbox that is a CVS admin file:

$ find . -type d -name CVS | sed 's/^/\/' | sed 's/$/\/' | xargs rm -rf

5.  Copy the preserved sandbox onto the restored sandbox:

$ cd /restored/sandbox
$ cp -R /preserved/sandbox/* .

6.  Do a `cvs update` on the restored sandbox.  This should reduce the 
differences to the files which are actually different,
and mark those files commitable.

7.  Check the commitable files to ensure that they look like the ones 
in the preserved sandbox.

8.  Now step through your archives and find all the directories which 
do not exist in the restored repository and should.
I do not know how to do this on the command line, as I am using
WinCVS, which makes this step quite easy.

9.  Add any files in the directories discovered in Step 8 to
the restored repository.

10.  Commit all the commitable files, using a comment which is the same 
for all of them, and which can be used to find them.
Optionally, tag them as well.

11.  Check out a new sandbox.  Other than the loss of some tags and 
commit comments, you should have your original archive back.
(Note: I put this step in because I found that the read-only bits on
the files in the restored sandbox were inconsistent after the
restoration).


That's it.  This is basically the method suggested by Eric Siegerman 
with a few modifications.  Hope it helps.


/|/|ike


[1] - Due to the nature of my archive failure, I could not restore my
archive to its old location.  It makes no difference, though.



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Re: Trying to download sourcecode

2002-07-31 Thread Mike Ayers


Naughty, naughty!  Please don't send HTML or rich text email to 
newsgroups or mailing lists.

Steele, Lynne wrote:

 I am trying to download cvs source from ccvs.home.org  to use for a

You mean ccvs.cvshome.org, I hope?

 project and the download seems to be just pushing me around the ccvs 
 list page.  Can someone help me?  Where can I get the previous version 
 of cvs?

I had no problem downloading cvs-1.11.tar.gz from 
http://ccvs.cvshome.org/servlets/ProjectDownloadList .  On that page 
is a link historical download pages, which you can use to find old 
distributions (you want all platforms).


Enjoy,

/|/|ike


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Re: (no subject)

2002-07-31 Thread Mike Ayers


Josh wrote:
   As I am running the CVS server (v1.11.2 pserver) on a
   (linux) machine with two network adapters I would very
   much like to know if it is possible to bind the server
   to a specific network interface?

Douglas Finkle wrote:
 Check out http://coombs.anu.edu.au/ipfilter/.  You can make your
 server listen on _only_ the desired interface.

Absolutely incorrect.  IP filters do not prevent the service from 
listening on other interfaces, they are used to block packets before 
they get to the service.  The difference is that if you forget to 
filter an interface, the packets will reach the server, which is 
probably bad.  What is desired is to have the server listen on only 
the desired interface instead of the usual 0.0.0.0.

Here's a snippet from my inetd manual entry (OpenBSD 2.9):

  For internet services, the first field of the line may also 
have a host address specifier prefixed to it, separated from the 
service name by a colon.  If this is done, the string before the colon 
in the first field indicates what local address inetd should use when 
listening for that service.  Multiple local addresses can be specified 
on the same line, separated by commas.  Numeric IP addresses in 
dotted-quad notation can be used as well as symbolic hostnames. 
Symbolic hostnames are looked up using gethostbyname().  If a hostname 
has multiple address mappings, inetd creates a socket to listen on 
each address.

This would be the way that I would use on that machine.  Josh, your 
Linux machine probably supports the same method.  If so, this is what 
you want.


/|/|ike


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Re: Newbie Q: cannot open CVS/Entries for reading

2002-08-01 Thread Mike Ayers


H

Albin Takami wrote:

 4. Checked in/committed a bunch of files with cvs ci *.v

What are *.v files?  (Just curious)

 5. I setup the .cshrc file for another user, Peggy.

5.5  When did Peggy do `cvs checkout project/module`?  This is when 
the CVS directories get created.  That's all I can think of


/|/|ike


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Re: Newbie Q: cannot open CVS/Entries for reading

2002-08-02 Thread Mike Ayers


Albin Takami wrote:

  5.5 Peggy never checked out any files/module because the files she 
is trying
  to check-in/commit are new files (first time check-in).

*BZZZT*  Sorry...

This is the problem.

Once a project is created, in order to work in the project, one must
first check out the project tree.  (Strictly speaking, this is not
true, but it requires a great deal of skill in CVS to work without the
project tree).  Then, when committing files, CVS has a context to work
from, as saved in the CVS directories in the project tree.

So if Peggy checks out the project, moves her files into the project
tree, and commits them from there, ahe will have no problem.


/|/|ike



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Re: sync repositories

2002-08-09 Thread Mike Ayers


Zieg, Mark wrote:
I have to sync two CVS repositories located on two non-
connected networks.  (yep, this means tape/CDROM transports,
I know it sounds silly).  I was wondering if there is a
better way than creating incremental tar files on both sides
and applying them on the other side. Luckily, the chances
that two persons from the two sites are working on the same
file are minimal, but I would like to prevent possible sync
errors if it occurs.

If you MUST do this (and it is almost certain that you do not need 
to, but that's another story), then please examine two messages from 
the archives of this list entitled How I repaired my repository 
dated 30Jun02 - my summary of how I repaired a corrupt repository from 
a good sandbox and Eric Siegerman's additional suggestions.  In your 
case, it becomes How to sync your repository, the restored archive 
is your repository to be updated, and the preserved sandbox is 
your sandbox created from the other repository.

Note that there is significant potential for disaster.  Note that you 
will have to do this again, in the other direction.  Note that CVS was 
not designed for multiple repository operation.  Note that this is 
generally a bad idea.  Is a pattern emerging here?

 Silly or not, I'm going to have to do the same thing in a week or so -- and
 it will probably become a regular part of our CM process.  In certain
 industries, the need for private, disjunct networks is an unbending fact of
 life.

We can categorize these industries as industries which do not 
understand computer security, and yes, we'll be stuck with them for 
some time to come.

 I haven't come up with a solid plan for this that I liked yet, but I'll
 watch the list to see if anyone has a good existing method, and I'll share
 whatever I come with in-house...

As much as I discourage doing this, I am interested in whatever you 
settle on.


/|/|ike


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Re: (OT) Mailing List Commands

2002-08-09 Thread Mike Ayers


Mark Cooper wrote:
 
 Does anyone know where the list of recognisable embedded commands for this
 mailing list can be found?

Well, the web admin page, as listed below, at 
http://mail.gnu.org/mailman/listinfo/info-cvs, contains the options. 
There aren't many, though.

 The web page refers to a FAQ, but doesn't give a link to one.

Hmm??  A CVS FAQ?  I'm not aware of one.

 Other mailing lists I subscribe to provide such things as '--LongSig' to
 truncate long, corporately applied signatures from the end of mails (hence
 I apologise for mine). They also provide commands for obtaining re-sends of
 all messages in a thread or a list of messages with certain text in iether
 the subject line or message body (helps to stop from posting the same
 question as the group spent 3 weeks arguing over a short while previously).

All you get here is FTP hosted monthly archives.  Welcome to the old 
school!

Huge, bureaucratic, auto-appended siggy snipped/

Oil, meet Water.  Water, Oil.  I'm sure you'll be great friends.

England, meet Digital Age.  Digital Age, England.  I'm sure you'll be 
great friends.

Bwaaahahahahahaha!!!

(Sorry.  Sometimes I just can't help myself.  But Mr. Grenyer's siggy 
had me in the mood, and you pointed it out...)


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Re: sync repositories

2002-08-09 Thread Mike Ayers


Zieg, Mark wrote:
I have to sync two CVS repositories located on two non-
connected networks.  

If you MUST do this (and it is almost certain that you do
not need to, but that's another story)
 
 
 I assume that you've never had to develop under DOD-enforced contract
 requirements, or you wouldn't have written that.  Anyway, the justification

Nope.  I was thinking of DoD, that's why I wrote almost.  The DoD 
leads the list of industries that don't understand digital security. 
  (And no, I'm not thumbing my nose at you for working there)

 Duly noted.  For the record, does anyone have a suggestion for an
 open-source CM tool which _is_ designed for use in this manner?  Again,
 assuming that the repositories must be on physically disjunct networks, such
 that any synchronization would have to be via hand-ported media in
 human-readable format (ie, diff patches on CD-R, etc).

I suspect you won't find one, since, as mentioned before, this is 
fundamentally bad practice with a simple solution - single repository 
operation.  (A real solution for this is mindbogglingly complicated, 
due to all the special cases that can arise).  I know that the subject 
comes up a lot, but I've never seen anyone come back with a solid 
answer.  I think most of the solutions that get implemented are 
painful but workable ones like the one I suggested, or the one you 
outline below.

 I don't debate that this is stretching the intended functionality of CVS,
 but I would nonetheless prefer finding a way to use an open-source CM tool
 such as CVS than rely on a proprietary commercial vendor solution.

Sounds good.  However, you aren't stretching, you're redefining. 
  Please keep in mind that CVS will only be a component in a system of 
your own design.

 I'm still working on a satisfactory algorithm for this, but my current
 thinking bends toward a classic master-slave synchronization effort, ie
 treat one repository as the master (main trunk) as the other as a slave
 (branch).  Then all we have to do is merge the branch back into the main
 trunk, then re-spawn a fresh copy of the master to start a new branch.

That should work OK, but you will have to shutdown the slave during 
synchronization and force update (and possible merge) of all slave 
clients when you bring it back up.

 (Although I'm using the term branch, I'm not currently planning to make
 use of actual CVS branches...should I?  Is there room for an efficient
 optimization by using that feature?)

Almost certainly not, perhaps someone else is more inspired than I. 
The one thing I think might help would be per-file branches, which I 
mention below.

 This visualizes my approach:
 
 (RepoA and RepoB are Repositories on Networks NetA and NetB.)
 
 RepoA
 -
 foo.c @  1.1
 foo.c - 1.2
 foo.c - 1.3
 
 
copy RepoA to RepoB

 |
 | \
 |   \
 | \
 |   \
 | \
 |   \
 \/   _|
 
 RepoA   RepoB
 -   
 foo.c @  1.3  | foo.c @  1.3
 foo.c - 1.4  |
   | foo.c - 1.4 (alpha mod)
 foo.c - 1.5  |
 foo.c - 1.6  |
   | foo.c - 1.5 (bravo mod)
 foo.c - 1.7  |
 
 
time to sync changes!

 
   | collect all diffs
   |to all files
   |(2 diffs for foo.c),
   |
  --  transport to RepoA
   |
 foreach file, |
 foreach diff, |
 apply  comm. |
   |
 foo.c - 1.8  |
 foo.c - 1.9  |
   |
 foo.c now has |
   alpha and   |
   bravo mods  |
   |

WHOOT!  WHOOT!  WHOOT!  Danger, Will Robinson!  Are you ABSOLUTELY 
CERTAIN that the person merging the databases will be able to merge 
the files?  If not, you're either going to have to shuttle developers 
into and out of the RepoA location (with both repos down in the 
meantime), or prepare for long periods of broken trees.

Another thing that you could do here would be per-file branches, only 
for files that have conflicts like this.  So your file would now 
history like:

foo.c
  |
  | \
  |   \
  | \
  |   \
  | \
  |   \
  \/   _|

 trunk   diff_branch_2002_08_09
  -   
  foo.c @  1.3  | foo.c @  1.3.1.1
  foo.c - 1.4  |
| foo.c - 1.3.1.2 (alpha mod)
  foo.c - 1.5  |
  foo.c - 1.6  |
| foo.c - 1.3.1.3 (bravo mod)
  foo.c - 1.7  |

  |   /
  | /
  |   /
  | /
  |   /
  | /
  |
  V

   foo.c - 1.8 (merged)

With this, you still have a viable archive (provided foo.c isn't the 
file that everything else depends on), and may be able to overwrite 
RepoB with this and proceed for the next cycle while the foo.c 
developers do the merge.

Structuring your files to minimize simultaneous alternate location 
development will pay off big here.


copy RepoA to 

Re: Newbie Q: cannot open CVS/Entries for reading

2002-08-13 Thread Mike Ayers



Albin Takami wrote:
 
  -Original Message-
 From: Mike Ayers [mailto:[EMAIL PROTECTED]]

 Albin Takami wrote:
 
   To clarify, the repository location is the directory that you set the
   CVSROOT variable to, right?
 
   Yes, but you should not need to set CVSROOT - in fact, I recommend
 you don't.  Use the -d flag during checkout, and let the CVS
 directories track the repository for you.
 
 I've done some more reading and it seems like Karl Fogel and Cederquist's
 book suggests that I should set CVSROOT in .cshrc.
 So, I was wondering what the benefits and drawbacks are for not setting
 CVSROOT in .cshrc, according to you?

Okay, this may not be a perfect explanation, as I have not had time 
to fact check all this, but...

Originally, one pointed to one's archive via CVSROOT.  However, this 
becomes a problem as soon as the second archive is accessed.  Now one 
must change env var values every time one changes one's work tree - a 
problematic way to manage the issue.

So our thoughtful CVS developers came up with an excellent solution: 
each directory of the sandbox swould have a directory in it named 
CVS that held files which helped CVS operate.  One of those files, 
named Root, contains the location of the CVS root directory.   It is 
automatically created and properly set when you checkout the 
development tree.  The order in which CVS looks for a root is:

1)  The -d flag on the command line of a cvs command

2)  The Root file in the CVS subdirectory of the directory in which 
you are operating.

3)  The CVSROOT env var.

So if you are using CVS properly, the CVSROOT env var never comes 
into play.

Note that in many respects, Cederqvist is out of date.  This is one 
of them.

  `cvs checkout /design/project/dig/V9/src` is incorrect syntax.  If
   you have built module src in CVSROOT /design/project/dig/V9, then you
   should:
  
   $ cvs -d /design/project/dig/V9 checkout src
 
   Have you tried this?

Well, have you?


/|/|ike




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Re: Newbie Q: cannot open CVS/Entries for reading

2002-08-15 Thread Mike Ayers



Albin Takami wrote:

 Yes, I have tried this and it's works.
 Would replacement of checkout with co result in the exact same thing?

`cvs checkout` and `cvs co` are the same command, so yes.


/|/|ike




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Re: Newbie Q: cannot open CVS/Entries for reading

2002-08-15 Thread Mike Ayers



Larry Jones wrote:
 Mike Ayers writes:
 
  So if you are using CVS properly, the CVSROOT env var never comes 
into play.
 
 
 I think you're overstating the case.  Most people just use a single
 repository and even people who use multiple repositories usually have
 one repository that they use more often than others.  In those cases, it
 makes sense to set $CVSROOT so you don't have to explicitly set it on
 the command line even for checkout (or import!) in most cases.

Whoops!  That should have read may never or almost never, 
assuming that checking out clean trees or importing are rarely done. 
In either case, setting an environmental variable, the procedure 
intended for making permanent changes to one's computing environment, 
does not seem to be the proper way to do this.  I am glad for the new 
way, and push it, because CVSROOT was never a good way to do this.


/|/|ike




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Re: Getting diffs between two revisions

2002-08-16 Thread Mike Ayers



Derek Robert Price wrote:
 Johnny John wrote:
 
 Hello:

 Should I not be able to update my working copy of a file by doing 
 something as follows?

 cvs update -j HEAD:2002-07-17 12:00 -j HEAD:2002-07-19 12:00

 to get changes between July 17 and July 19 placed into my local 
 working copy?

 I tried it, and nothing was patched.

 thanks.
 -Johnny.
 
 
 
  From http://www.cvshome.org/docs/manual/cvs_16.html#IDX257:
 
   `HEAD' refers to the most recent version available in the repository
 
 In other words, it's a static tag, the most recent version on the trunk, 
 not the trunk itself as a branch.  There isn't a trunk tag, but if you 
 use dates to tag the trunk at the two times you mentioned, you should be 
 able to get what you were trying to.

If I am interpreting correctly, no such tags were made.  Johnny wants 
to get changes between July 17 and July 19 placed into my local 
working copy, i.e.  filter based solely on date of commit, which I do 
not believe is possible with CVS.


/|/|ike




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Re: CVS server process still running long after command is executed

2002-09-03 Thread Mike Ayers



Jeeva Sarma wrote:
  Hi all
 
  I have received no replys for this question whish I
  posted 2 days ago.

The primary reason for that would be that you gave no information
from which an answer could be derived.  First, check if your server is
set up so that it logs all its output - if not, reconfigure it to do
so (on Unix systems, just use  output redirection to file; if you
are using a Windows server, check the manual for that system to see
how, or if, this can be done).

Once your server logs its output, just do your usual until the
process hangs, then check the log.  If you are on a Unix server, kill
the CVS process (do NOT `kill -9` it!) to flush the file.  Now read
the end of the file - that should give you some idea of what the
problem is.

  Have no one ever faced this problem?Can someone tell
  me atleast the reason for the cvs processes not
  dying?It only happens sometimes,not always.The server
  eventually freezes.

Sounds like you've got a resource comsumption problem.  Off the top
of my head, I'd guess that the problem is not CVS, but a CVS script
(commitinfo, taginfo, etc.) going infinitely recursive or somesuch.
If you are using scripts, check your process list to see if any of
them are running when CVS hangs.  If so, there's your culprit.


/|/|ike





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Re: Ignoring everything *but* a list of flies

2002-09-05 Thread Mike Ayers


Nuno Nunes wrote:

 I was wondering what is the best way to do something that I cannot find 
documentation for (maybe I haven't looked deep enough?).
 I want to have cvs keep track of some files in a directory where I will have a lot 
of other files appear.
 The problem is that of course I only want CVS to consider the files it keeps track 
of and I want it to ignore all the rest.
 This is something similar to what .cvsignore does only not quite: In the .cvsignore 
file I can put sh-style patters for files to be ignored but, since I don't know what 
kind of files will appear in this directory, I want to implement a behaviour similar 
to .cvsignore but where I can say ignore everything except files that match these 
patterns.
 Is there any (standard) way of doing this?

Am I confused?  The last I looked, this was the default behavior for 
CVS, provided you don't do something like `cvs add *`.  That is, CVS 
will see those other files, but will ignore them, since they don't 
exist in the repository.


/|/|ike




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Re: CVS WINDOWS

2002-09-06 Thread Mike Ayers

[EMAIL PROTECTED] wrote:

 Larry I'm using WinCVS. I checked the option check for an alternate rsh 
 name = c:\cvs\ssh2.exe
 I tried:
 c:\cvs\ssh2   myname@mayserver
 and it works


If you're using WinCVS, then setting CVSROOT does nothing, unless 
you've set it inside WinCVS.  WinCVS clobbers most useful environment 
variables, including CVSROOT and HOME.

Try this:

1)  Pick the menu item Create\Checkout module...

2)  Under module name and path on the server, you want bless. 
Set the local folder as desired.

3)  Click the General tab.  Set authentication to ssh.  Click the 
settings button next to the authentication chooser and point it to 
your ssh executable.  Set Path to /cvs, Host address to pippo, 
User name to joe, and CVSROOT to :ext:joe@pippo:/cvs.

4)  Click the Globals tab.  Set what you want - I recommend the 
auto logout.

Clicking OK should now get you your sandbox (I hope).


/|/|ike




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Re: no space on device - import

2002-09-12 Thread Mike Ayers



Larry Jones wrote:

 If you can move it without changing its full path and without using
 symbolic links, the move will be completely transparent.  If you keep
 the path the same by using symbolic links, most things will work fine
 but eventually you'll probably run into problems with things that don't.
 If you change the path, then everyone who has stuff checked out will
 either have to abandon it and do fresh checkouts or else they will have
 to edit their CVS/Root files to point to the new location.

Hmmm - although it would be rarely used, I think a CVS command:

cvs relocate /old_root/ /new_root/

would be darn useful when needed...


/|/|ike




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Re: Issues with network file systems and CVS

2002-09-18 Thread Mike Ayers

Frederic Brehm wrote:

 For performance reasons (I/O throughput during compiles and network 
 traffic) you might want to put it on a local disk. Policy makers don't 
 always understand performance issues, though.

It also helps to point out that there should be no need to backup the 
sandbox directories.  This, however, requires that the developers be 
trained to perform intermediary checkins of work in progress, which 
itself requires training in branch-and-merge development for larger 
changes (or just to permit checking in still broken files), so it's 
not the simplest thing.  Nonethteless, things do seem to work the best 
that way...


/|/|ike




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Re: pserver problem, still

2002-09-19 Thread Mike Ayers

James P. Schmidt wrote:

cvs -d :pserver:zaren@(host):/usr/local/cvsrepos login
 
 CVS password:
 cvs login: authorization failed: server (host) rejected access to
 /usr/local/cvsrepos for user zaren

$ ls -ld /usr/local/cvsrepos

It should be at least 755.  If it is, then check permissions 
throughout the directory.  The error message seems to indicate that 
your problem is permissioning.


/|/|ike




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Pandora's Black Box (was: Re: Issues with network file systems and CVS)

2002-09-19 Thread Mike Ayers

Eric Siegerman wrote:

 I'd rephrase there should be no need to depending on your
 process, you might be able to get away without it.

I wouldn't.  But I will concede that most of the industry has 
accepted standards of work in software that could be vastly improved 
upon, and my should is based on standards higher than those.  Or 
perhaps I just need to think about it some more to see those problems 
I'm not considering...

However, this little exchange has raised an interesting problem for 
me.  Actually, I've bumped up against it frequently lately, but this 
is the first time I've looked at it from a project management 
perspective.  Let's call it the Pandora's Black Box problem.  A 
developer starts working on an issue (bug, feature, etc.), then 
decides (after gaining more knowledge of the inner workings of the 
project) that it *may* be appropriate to take a different tack on the 
matter.  What does she do now?  Backbranch(!? - just branch?)) and 
checkin the WIP from the first attempt, then start the second in a 
clean sandbox?  Leave the (possibly fragile as the main branch 
evolves) WIP idle and come back to it later (note the DR hazard)? 
Does anyone have a method in place for dealing with this?  I'd be 
interested to hear...


/|/|ike

P.S.  Yeah, I guess it's OT...sending anyway   ;-)




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Re: Hung CVS server processes

2002-09-20 Thread Mike Ayers

Larry Jones wrote:

  So we're back to the unfriendly option -- it seems that Solaris accepts
  the KEEPALIVE option but doesn't actually do KEEPALIVE processing. 
  Like
  I said, I suggest finding some Solaris experts and asking if there's a
  way to enable it.

This actually isn't all that surprising, given that KEEPALIVE is an
optional component of TCP.  If you don't know already, KEEPALIVE has,
since the early days of TCP, been the subject of great debate (this is
largely because both sides of the debate have valid reasons reflecting
differing operational scenarios.  In any case, as best I understand it
(just tried to do some fact checking, but my key book is buried),
accepting a KEEPALIVE option, but not actually performing keepalive
may be (interpreted as) valid behavior.  Wish I could be a little more
informative, but I thought I'd at least throw out the warning.


/|/|ike





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Re: Backup single module

2002-09-23 Thread Mike Ayers

Mahantesh wrote:
  Hi,
  I want to backup single module in cvs(not whole repository) and restore
  whenever I want with version information.

I am morally obligated to inform you that this is probably not a good
idea, and may not do what you want.

  Can you please brief me about how to do that.

If you wish to backup a single physical module, e.g.:

CVSROOT
   |
   +---MegaLaser
   |
   +---ShrinkRay  --back up only this
   |
   +---MindControl

...then you can, as Larry said, just back it up.  This is valid only
if ShrinkRay is self contained, i.e. it uses no files from any other
module in the tree.

If you wish to backup a logical module (a module defined in the
modules file), or you wish to back up a physical module that is not
self contained, it is best to simply back up the entire CVSROOT and
consider it an inefficient way of backing up a single module.

  PS: I am just resending it, as I did not get any comments on this to my
  earlier mail.

Your timestamps, according to my American locale, show that you sent
this out at 11PM Sunday night and resent at 8AM Monday morning.  Due
to the global nature of the internet, and the propensity of us lazy
sots to not do much on weekends, it is best to wait a full day before
resending to any internet list, with weekend days counting for nothing.


/|/|ike





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Re: cvs [annotate aborted]: invalid change text in filename,v

2002-09-23 Thread Mike Ayers

Larry Jones wrote:

  Unfortunately, there's no easy way to
 fix your corrupted files; you'll either have to live with them, try to
 recreate them, or become intimately familiar with the RCS file format
 and try to repair them by hand.

DUDE!

Backups...

I have had problems on a few occasions recently with files getting 
corrupted in my archive (oddest thing, really - I am only operating in 
local mode on local drives, but I *am* running Windows...), which 
have, fortunately, occured on rarely checked in files (the majority 
citizen of most archives).  I fixed them by pulling an old archive, 
verifying that the file was the same version as the corrupted file, 
then verifying that they were different.  When I replaced the current 
repository file with the archived one, all was once again hunky-dory.


/|/|ike




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Re: cvs [annotate aborted]: invalid change text in filename,v

2002-09-24 Thread Mike Ayers

Larry Jones wrote:
 Todd Denniston writes:
 
Not that I WANT to work in the windows environment, but if CVS/RCS as a
repository is unstable in a local mode there, I would like to know if it is
something CVS is doing or could protect against (besides refusing to work there
:).
 
 
 If the data gets corrupted when CVS isn't updating it, it can't very
 well be something CVS is doing, now can it.  Nor could CVS do anything
 to protect against it, although it could, perhaps, detect it more
 aggressively.  No, such corruption is almost certainly caused by system
 software defects and/or hardware defects.  Most Windows machines have a
 notoriously unreliable operating system, main memory with no error
 detection, and a disk interface with no error detection.  In many ways,
 it's a tribute to modern technology that it doesn't break more often.

It would be more accurate to say that it breaks far more often than 
we realize, but most of the breakage occurs in non-critical areas, 
since only a tiny portion of the typically installed code is actually 
critical.  I think that my problems this time came not from the OS, 
but from the even-less-reliable PC hardware.  I had a motherboard that 
seemed to work, but showed weird problems just often enough to not get 
discarded immediately.  I do not think I have had any corruptions 
since I replaced it.  BTW, it is my current suspicion that the failure 
occured immediately after CVS let go of the data - during the physical 
write to disk.  Does anyone know if CVS verify its writes?


/|/|ike




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Re: Adding Files To A Release Branch

2002-09-24 Thread Mike Ayers

Chuck Tomasi wrote:
 I'm still fairly new to CVS (less than two months). I'm using CVS 1.11.2 on
 a Solaris 7 and Solaris 8 system.  I have a main trunk for development and
 currently one release branch to maintain the production system.  Over the
 course of time the main trunk has had some files added and some removed.
 When I checkout the release branch at a given release tag, I get what I
 expect.  I apply my changes from the main trunk with a cvs update -jtag1
 -jtag2 file.  However, I'm still lacking the files that have been added and
 would like the release branch to reflect the files removed from the main
 trunk also.
 
From the release branch, what commands should I use to get rid of excess
 files and obtain the missing ones from the main trunk?

You would handle this exactly as you handle it in the main branch, 
except that you do all your work in a tree that has been checked out 
from the branch in question.  Note that you will need to check for 
conflicts and merge as needed.  The general practice is, for each 
change in the main branch, decide whether or not the change will be 
applied to any branches, and apply the change to the branch as it is 
applied to the trunk.  Good practice is to make the apply/no apply 
decision early in the development, and to test the change against the 
branches as part of the development.


/|/|ike




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Re: Including file version during checkout

2002-09-26 Thread Mike Ayers

Frederic Brehm wrote:
 
 I don't remember many unhappy comments about $Rev$ or its cousins $Id$ 
 and $Name$. There are many reasons to avoid $Log$, though.

Ever archive a Perl script that used variables with the (not exactly 
unusual) variable names $Rev, $Name, or $Log?  I'd like to see the 
whole auto-substitution thing thrown out, myself.

For the OP, I would recommend writing a script which runs `cvs log` 
on each file in the build, strips out the desired information, and 
formats it appropriately (e.g. a C source file which defines a 
structure of file information and the single instance of that 
structure).  This avoids having auto-expand keywords in a source file.

Oh, and if you write a Perl script, don't store the filename in 
variable $Name, or every file will have the same name as the script!


/|/|ike




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Re: checkout multiple tags

2002-09-26 Thread Mike Ayers

Eric Fritz wrote:

 The problem is what if I want to checkout the last 3 updates.  If I try
 to use: cvs checkout -r tag1 -r tag2 -r tag3 module  it only gets the
 files in tag3.  If I try to run them seperately, one on top of the
 other, subsequent checkouts actually remove the files that are not
 listed with the tag.

You write a little script that runs from the top of the directory. 
You feed the script the names of the tags that you want to find.  It 
runs `cvs log` on every file in the tree, looking for the tags.  If it 
finds one match, it saves that filename and revision number.  If it 
finds multiple matches, it uses the highest numbered revision.  When 
it is done, it extracts all matching files and versions via `cvs 
checkout -r`.

WARNING:  if a given change is applied to multiple branches with the 
same tag (e.g. your tag names are PR numbers), then the logic to find 
the right revision becomes nontrivial.


HTH,

/|/|ike




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Re: Newbie question : common/shared objects

2002-09-26 Thread Mike Ayers

Jay Yarbrough wrote:
 I'm quite new to using CVS.
 
 Our applications rely on common source, and built products alike.
 
 Some of these are 3rd party (dlls, jars, source, etc.) and some are internally 
developed.
 
 For instance, to build release 1.2 of product X, I need release 3.4 of product A, 
release 5.4 of product B, and release 1.1 of product C.  
 
 To build release 2.1 of Product Y, I will use release 3.4 of product A, release 5.3 
of product B, and release 2.0 of product D.
 
 
 How is this typically handled within CVS?

It isn't.  It's a configuration management problem, CVS is an 
archiving system.  Because configuration management and archiving are 
so tightly linked in practice, people tend to miss the fact that 
they're conceptually separate.

I am, unfortunately, not terribly familiar with available CM tools. 
Many folk seem to be happy with simple homegrown CM models, and I see 
a couple of suggestions have already been forwarded.  I just wanted 
you to be aware that whatever solution you pursue, you should be able 
to use CVS to do the archiving.


/|/|ike




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per-directory checkout files as?

2002-09-30 Thread Mike Ayers


Here's what my project structure looks like:

DeathRay
   |
   +--- include
   |
   +--- source
   |   |
   |   +--- drivers
   |   |
   |   +--- applications
   |
   +--- projects
   |
   +--- RatFry
   |
   +--- DeadDog

Now I like to have the files checked out read only, so that I pay 
attention to which files I'm changing.  My projects are built in an 
IDE that wants all its files read-write.  Is it possible to set up CVS 
to do this, or will I need to run scripts?  If I need scripts, is 
there a convenient CVS hook where I can run the script?


Thanks,

/|/|ike (mad scientist at large)




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Re: Hung CVS server processes

2002-10-01 Thread Mike Ayers

Larry Jones wrote:

 That sounds like someone started a commit, the editor came up for the
 log message, and the person forgot about it until the next day when they
 finally saved the log message and let the commit complete.

So...  can the editor zombie or die in some other fashion without the 
server knowing that it has died?  Wouldn't that leave perpetual CVS 
processes lying around?


Just a guess,

/|/|ike




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Re: New to CVS

2002-10-04 Thread Mike Ayers

Rob Beach wrote:

   As the subject says i'm new to CVS and from what I have read about it, it
 sounds really good. BUT I was wondering if it can handle excel .xls files
 ? and word .doc files the same way it can handle .txt files ? as I am

Not exactly the same, but the same.  When you add those files, you 
must be sure to tell CVS that they are binary files (-kb option from 
command line, add binary button on WinCVS), after that, everything 
is the same (except that when you diff binary files, since CVS has no 
way to interpret differences, it can only tell you same or different).

 looking for something that can do what cvs can do but i have spreadsheets
 that about two or three people will need to edit and update at a time. At
 the min they have to wait for each other to get out of the file.

You seem to be headed down the right path.

 also there are people that need to just look at the spreadsheets to get data
 off them can you set it up so people can view the files but not edit them ?
 is there that sort of security on cvs ?

It can be done, but is dependent on the specifics of your server 
implementation.


/|/|ike




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Re: symbols in patterns interpreted *recursively*?

2002-10-07 Thread Mike Ayers

RLMuller wrote:
 Hi All,

Hello!

 Using a pattern I encountered behavior I didn't expect, as follows:
  
 my $ABC = abc;
 $_ = $ABC;
 print \$ABC  . (/^$ABC$/? matches : does not match) .  
 \$ABC\\n;# Matches
  
 my $ABC_DEF = abc\\def;
 $_ = $ABC_DEF;
 print \$ABC_DEF  . (/^$ABC_DEF$/? matches : does not match) .  
 \$ABC_DEF\\n; # Doesn't match
 print abc\\def   . (/^abc\\def$/? matches : does not match) .  
 \abc\\def\\n; # Matches
  
 If $ABC_DE's content is further interpreted, as seems to be the case, 
 how do I stop it?

I'm feeling generous today, so I'm giving you not just an answer to 
your question, but two, count 'em, TWO helpful tips for a happy 
internet life!

Answer:
print \${ABC_DEF}  . (/^${ABC_DEF}$/? matches : does not match) 
.  \${ABC_DEF}\\n; # Matches!

Note the brackets around the variable name, without which Perl will 
assume the variable name ends with the first nonalphanumeric 
character, in this case '_'.

Suggestion 1:
Don't send HTML, Rich text, or multipart MIME mail to technical 
mailing lists.  It just upsets people, and most likely the person who 
can best answer your question will be one of the upset parties.

Suggestion 2:
Send Perl questions to a Perl mailing list or newsgroup (heeding 
Suggestion 1 - I recommend comp.lang.perl.moderated).  Normally you 
will get no answer to them here.  I only looked at the problem because 
I thought it was a keyword substitution issue.

ObCVS:
Don't use Perl variables named $Name, $Id or any other CVS keyword if 
you want to be able to archive your script with CVS.


Have a nice day,

/|/|ike




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Re: multiple servers

2002-10-08 Thread Mike Ayers

[EMAIL PROTECTED] wrote:
 I want to maintain my cvs repository in multiple servers and then the 
 client to pick a ramdom server and get the update from there.

CVS was not designed for this.  If you wish to do this, you will need 
to figure out the repository synchronization isues.  You would 
probably be best off just getting a nice beefy server for everyone to 
work from.


/|/|ike




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Re: Installing WinCVS 1.2 as a stand-alone

2002-10-08 Thread Mike Ayers

[EMAIL PROTECTED] wrote:
Hi folks,

Similar question here:  Is there a Win98/2000 light cvs server?

 
 Light server?  There's a full-featured one that you can
 get at http://www.cvsnt.org that will run on Windows 2K.
 It is implemented as an NT service.  I am not a Windows expert,
 but that could well mean that moving it to Windows 98 is
 impractical.

The correct word is impossible, as services are processes, which 
Win98 does not have.

 If you have a Windows NT/2K/XP box, you should be able to
 install CVSNT and WinCVS and go from there.

Correct.

 If you have a Windows 98 machine only, then you are probably
 out of luck.

If you have a Win98 machine, and want to do single machine development...

bharath katragadda wrote:
  I am new to WinCVS. I want if I can use this WinCVS as a stand-alone
  software on my private machine without the need of a server. I would
  be greatful if you people help me on this.

To use WinCVS for standalone development, select create a new 
repository from the create menu.  Check your settings carefully - 
you want local mode with matching path and CVSROOT(pick a new 
directory).  Once you click OK, your new repository will be created 
and initialized.

Then, using the change location button of the browse toolbar, 
select your new repository.  Voila!  Single person development up and 
running!  Enjoy!


/|/|ike




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Re: Installing WinCVS 1.2 as a stand-alone

2002-10-08 Thread Mike Ayers

Stan Berka wrote:
 Thanks a lot, Mike!  That was exactly what I needed.  CVS gives me a 
 reliable versioning and backup this way.  And yes, it's a single person 
 development at home for our parish.

Good.  Now just remember to do regular backups and store them 
offsite, and you're professional grade.


/|/|ike




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Re: Tag locking change

2002-10-08 Thread Mike Ayers

Greg A. Woods wrote:

 If you really Really REALLY want to tag the head of a branch then just
 check out the branch (or do a cvs update in any existing working
 directory which has no un-committed changes) then then apply the tag to
 what you get as a result by running cvs tag in that working directory.
 That way you can know ahead of time exactly what you've got.  It's then
 up to the user whether or not they actually look to see what's there
 before they tag it.

What I fail to understand is why anyone would want to tag the head of 
a branch in an instantaneous fashion.  Wouldn't you want to 
build/test, etc. first?  If you're just doing daily tags, can't you 
just tag the previous second - wouldn't that be good enough?

I'm kind of lost on what the point of contention is here.  What is it 
that someone would want to do that is affected by the tag locking 
change?  Could someone please clarify?


Thanks,

/|/|ike




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Re: cvs commit features

2002-10-09 Thread Mike Ayers

Reinstein, Shlomo wrote:

 Of course, a user can always use cvs add and cvs remove to add or remove
 files, but these two options can help him/her make sure they didn't forget
 to do this for some of the files.

This is one of those things that might work really well, but only for 
certain development models.  For instance, I am using a GUI based 
tool.  It likes to create lots of files that may or may not need to be 
archived.  I have experimentally determined that if I archive a 
certain set of them, then there seems to be no problems.  Do I want 
CVS to pester me about the ones I'm not archiving every time I do a 
commit in that directory?  No way!

And just think what would happen if you inadvertently did your CVS 
commit without making clean first...

Nannyware sucks.

Optional nannying?  Hmmm - doesn't the nannyware model *require* that 
the nagging not be optional?


/|/|ike




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Re: Tag locking change

2002-10-09 Thread Mike Ayers

Adam Bregenzer wrote:

 Not at all.  The server that holds the cvs repository also has apache
 runing on it.  When a commit occurs each file that is committed is
 copied into a seperate directory.  That directory is the DocumentRoot
 for apache.  That way, when a change is committed it is automagicall
 viewable by browsing to the cvs server.  The point is that one who does
 not edit the site manages and approves the site.  Currently that
 individual runs cvs rtag when the site is in a producation ready state. 
 Then a script is run that does a cvs export with that tag and posts it
 to the live site.  It has nothing to do with the client, it's all
 *server* side.  I see no reason for it to bve tied to an update, I don't
 even know how to execute a server-side script on update and wouldn't
 want to anyways.

At this point I begin to understand what you are talking about.  What 
you are doing is overloading CVS to be an archiving system *and* 
distribution system.  This is, to be blunt, bad engineering.  What you 
should do is write a script which commits the file and, upon 
successful commit, updates DocumentRoot (or it could be a smart script 
that only updates the relevant directory).  So you already *do* have a 
working copy, you've just built it the wrong way.


/|/|ike




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Re: CVS server debugging

2002-10-19 Thread Mike Ayers
Dan Peterson wrote:

Is there a way to start the CVS server (pserver) so it can be run through
gdb?


	From inetd?  I should hope not.  This would (I believe) imply a 
rather serious security gap in inetd.

I want to be able to debug the server process from the very beginning, but
the best I can do is after inetd has forked off the cvs server process I
can attach to the process with gdb using the PID.  Problem is, this is
after the point where I need to debug... and the process usually doesn't
last long enough to attach to it anyway.


	Stupid debugging trick:  set your own breakpoint.  Immediately 
before the statement at which you would like to start debugging, insert:

	while ( 1 == 1 )
		;

	...build, and replace your existibg executable.  When you attach, it 
will be holding right at the point of interest.  You will be able to 
safely move the PC to the statement immediately following the infinite 
loop, thus allowing the program to execute as if it were never stopped.

	If you must debug in a live environment (obcaveat: avoid if 
possible), then inserting a 10 second sleep instead of an infinite 
loop should do the trick nicely (helpful suggestion: send an ALL CAPS 
email ten minutes (or so) before installing the sleeping program so 
that your developers do not think that the server is broken when every 
command takes ten seconds minimum to complete).

	Maybe not what you wanted, but it works pretty well.


/|/|ike




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Re: How do I tag only on branched module

2002-10-22 Thread Mike Ayers

	I'm going to take my best shot at this, although I'm not entirely 
certain what the situation is.  I believe your problems stem largely 
from your use of `cvs rtag` instead of `cvs tag`.  As I understand it, 
you have a trunk and two branches, and are making changes, sometimes 
to more than one branch at a time, and wish to label after every 
change.  To do this properly, you should have three sandboxes, one for 
each branch (you can also do this by changing the branches of a single 
sandbox, see Cederqvist for details).  After each checkin, run `cvs 
update` on the sandboxes for the branches, then `cvs tag` from tbe 
root of the sandboxes you wish to tag.


	HTH,

/|/|ike

Ravish A.S wrote:
hi ,
I wonder is it cvs bug!! . Still i am facing some strange problem. How
do i label the branch and main trunk at a time. because i have created two
branch of specific folder and rest of the files still in main trunk. 
I used  ' cvs  rtag -nRF -r branchname tagname  moduleName' tag all
the files under the branch( and also on newly added files). Then i used '
cvs  rtag -fnRF -r branchname tagname  moduleName' tag all the files
under branch and main trunk but it fails to tag  newly added files to
branch.  Please anybody knows this problem. 




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Re: Per-modules readers/writers ?

2002-10-25 Thread Mike Ayers
Nick Patavalis wrote:


What's wrong with uid/gid based permissions?


	For starters, they require that each CVS user have a login account on 
the machine in question.  In some cases, this is not acceptable.


/|/|ike




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Re: Visual Studio .NET projects and CVS

2002-10-28 Thread Mike Ayers
Kaz Kylheku wrote:


Knowing what files are primary objects that should be version
controlled is a Visual .NET problem, not a CVS problem. It's your
responsibility to understand the development tool you are using,
and know what all the .dsw, .opt, .ncb, .aps and whatever files mean.


	So that means no asking for help?  Sheesh!  If you want to just jump 
somebody's case, do it for something legitimate, like sending HTML 
email to a mailing list.

	I have successfully rebuilt Visual projects with nothing more than 
a *.dsp or *.dsw file, as of Visual Studio 6, but have not tried with 
.NET.  I have also archived all the files, and that worked fine, too.

	My general rules for archiving projects from development environments 
that produce mystery files:

	1)  Examine each file with a text editor.  Do NOT use a text editor 
that autosaves to the original file.  Do NOT use a text editor   that 
cannot handle binary data.  I use emacs and never have a problem.  It 
should be immediately obvious if this is a binary file.  If so, add it 
as binary.

	2)  Add the remaining files as text individually.  If CVS feels that 
the file may be binary, abort the add and add it as Unicode.  This is 
especially relevant for Microsoft-on-Microsoft development systems 
such as the Visual line.

	3)  If you are working in a read-only-by-default configuration, do 
`cvs edit` on all such files.

	4)  Just do your work as usual, and check in all the changed files as 
updates before doing any reference tags.


	This methodology has a few niceties:

	1)  You need know nothing about which files are what.

	2)  If you need to go back to a certain tag, your development 
environment will go back with you (sometimes this may not be so good).

	3)  You can highly customize the development environment, using 
branches to develop features, and get the customizations for each branch.

	Of course, you need to trade off the value to your team of these 
niceties with the cost of archiving them before deciding which you 
would like to do.


	HTH,

/|/|ike




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CVSIGNORE on WinCVS

2002-10-30 Thread Mike Ayers

	I am using WinCVS.  Setting the CVSIGNORE environment variable, 
either for user or system, does not seem to work.  Does anyone know 
what will work.  I would prefer to avoid changing CVSROOT/.cvsignore 
if possible, as that tends to change things for everyone on all projects.


	TiA,

/|/|ike




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Re: pserver login problem to Linux from Win2k

2002-10-31 Thread Mike Ayers
Kaz Kylheku wrote:

On Thu, 31 Oct 2002, Steve deRosier wrote:



Here's what is happening:
1. J: is a networked drive connected to my home directory on our Linux
server via Samba


You can't do that, because Linux and Windows don't agree on the
representation of text files.  This affects the treatment of text
documents on update and commit, and also the representation of the CVS/
administrative files.


	Also, you should always use native drives both for your sandbox and 
repository.  Generally speaking, networked drives within their native 
systems (NFS across Unix clones, SMB between Windows boxes) can be 
considered native.  Anything that crosses OS architectures (especially 
Unix/Windows) is bad.

So even if you solve the location non-transparency problem by using
a CVSROOT that works everywhere, you still have this problem.


New question:  Is there an easy way to fix this problem, so I can
transparently use CVS in the same working directory both remotely and
locally?


	This is not a problem, so much as an architectural fact.  Unix and 
Windows do not agree on what constitutes a text file.  It is 
impossible for them to work together without some sort of intermediary.


/|/|ike




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Re: Nubie question

2002-11-02 Thread Mike Ayers
Dmitry Suzdalev wrote:

Hello all!

Can anyone explain me how to get latest STABLE release of some package
from CVS? Manual says that i have to use tags. But all examples in it
contain tag's name, such as

cvs update -r Release-02

But what if i dont know this name? Can I find it somehow? Is there a
CVS command that lists all tag names?


	Note that knowing all the tag names mat not help.  You need to know 
whatever tagging system is in use in the project you are working on, 
and that tagging system needs to include a procedure for tagging the 
latest stable release.  If both of these are true, only then can you 
use the previously mentioned commands to scan the tags and find your 
latest stable release.


/|/|ike




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Re: can't add with wincvs

2002-11-04 Thread Mike Ayers
Steve Buehler wrote:

I am not sure if this got through to the list or not since I didn't see 
it come back to me.  So I am sending it again in the hopes that someone 
can help me.
---original message
I am hoping that someone might be able to help me.  My customer can't do 
without a GUI to work with cvs.  I am not knowledgeable with either 
wincvs or cvs.  Anyway, I get the following error when trying to click 
on the Add Selected button in wincvs.
(The [EMAIL PROTECTED] is not what I have entered.  I changed it here 
for security reasons).
---snip-
cvs add testz.php (in directory C:\ijobs\cvs\)
cvs add: warning: unrecognized response `Password:
' from cvs server
cvs add: warning: unrecognized response `[EMAIL PROTECTED]'s password:
' from cvs server
cvs add: warning: unrecognized response `Password:
' from cvs server
cvs [add aborted]: end of file from server (consult above messages if any)

*CVS exited normally with code 1*
---snip-

In the WinCVS preferences, I have:
General
Enter the CVSROOT
[EMAIL PROTECTED]:/usr/local/cvsroot
Authentication
SSH Server
Ports
Check for an alternate rsh name (checked)
c:\putty\plink.exe

I know they can login to the server with SSH manually.  Actually, I am 
testing it with my account.

	Yes, but when you log in to the account, you have to enter 
username/password, don't you?  What you need to do is set up plink 
with a key for the account that you wish to log in with.  You will 
need to consult the plink instructions/manual to determine how to do 
this.  Note that you will then need to take appropriate measures to 
guard that key, which will be stored in plaintext in a file on your 
Windows machine.


	HTH,

/|/|ike




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Re: Newbie Problem: About repositiory

2002-11-04 Thread Mike Ayers
Noel Yap wrote:

There're several things (with varying pro's and con's)
you can do:
1. move back the repo until you've checked in
everything you need (and don't checkout another
working directory until it's moved back)
2. create a symlink (or mount the new repo) to the
location of the old repo
3. modify all your CVS/R* files to point to the new
repo

1 and 2 may not be possible in your environment.  3 is
intrusive and error-prone.


	What about...?

	4.  Run a script which deletes all the CVS/Root directories and then 
`cvs -d /new/path/to/repository update`

	Won't this do the trick?


/|/|ike




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Re: CVS, emacs, shh, cygwin

2002-11-05 Thread Mike Ayers
Seth Copen Goldstein wrote:

I am having trouble using cvs, emacs, bash, etc. on my windows XP machine.
My configuration is:

CVS: Concurrent Versions System (CVS) 1.11 (client/server)
Emacs: GNU Emacs 21.2.1 (i386-msvc-nt5.1.2600)\n of 2002-03-19 on buffy
Cygwin: not sure version, cygwin1.dll is dated: 2/25/2002
Ssh: (from cygwin): OpenSSH_3.2.3p1, SSH protocols 1.5/2.0, OpenSSL
0x0090604f

I have afs (version 1.2.2b), but would also be ok with using SSH.
However:

If I can't set a CVSROOT to :local:f:/path (it complains about path not
being absolute)


	Correct.  Cygwin is a Unix emulation layer, and therefore does not 
recognize DOS drive specifications.  CVSROOT should be 
:local:/cygdrive/f/path.

I can't set CVS_RSH=SSH, because cvs replies:
cvs [checkout aborted]: end of file from server (consult above messages if
any)


	This is probably an artifact of your bad CVSROOT, yes?


(there are no error messages)


	Don't you get the bad CVSROOT error message?  Wouldn't that count?


/|/|ike




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Re: can't add with wincvs

2002-11-05 Thread Mike Ayers
Steve Buehler wrote:

Ok.  I was able to get a private key setup and running so that it logs 
me in.  Now I am running into another problem.  I can connect to the 
server.  In fact, in WinCVS, I can even do a create which gives me the 
following reply in WinCVS:
cvs init

*CVS exited normally with code 0*

	WHOA, Nelly!

	Where's the `cvs checkout` that you MUST do between these two 
paragraphs?  Even with no files in the repository, it will set up your 
CVS directory.

Now.  When I go again and click on a file to add (testz.php), then click 
on the Add Selected button, I get this:
cvs add testz.php (in directory C:\ijobs\cvs\)
cvs add: in directory .:
cvs [add aborted]: *PANIC* administration files missing

	Sounds like it couldn't find the CVS directory...


/|/|ike




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Re: Newbie question re: ssh

2002-11-15 Thread Mike Ayers
Robert Koster wrote:


I have set up a repository, and want to use :ext w/ SSH (without

 keys).  Pros/cons?

	Con:  this isn't possible.  ssh operating without keys will forcibly 
invoke username/password login, which will gag the CVS client.


/|/|ike




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Re: Moving to Pserver from .rhosts

2002-11-15 Thread Mike Ayers
Greg A. Woods wrote:

[ On Friday, November 15, 2002 at 11:17:10 (-0800), Shankar Unni wrote: ]


Subject: RE: Moving to Pserver from .rhosts

Greg opines:



Then you have no accountability in your CVS repository.  None.


You have as much accountability as you have from ssh and the passwd
file: you know the name of the person (from the pserver passwd file),
and that is recorded in the repository.


No you don't.  CVS is not a security application.  It was not designed
to be one and it cannot ensure any (i.e. not any at all) level of
accountabilty.  None whatsoever.  Nil.  Zilch.  Zip.  Zero.  Negative even.

If you think otherwise you are sadly mistaken and seriously fooling
yourself into a complete and utterly false sense of security.



	Stupid questions for blowhards time:

	When did anyone in this thread actually *ask* how to secure their CVS 
server?


/|/|ike




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Re: Moving to Pserver from .rhosts

2002-11-15 Thread Mike Ayers
Larry Jones wrote:

Mahantesh writes:


we have working repository running right now. Currently the mode of
authentication is .rhosts.
We are planning to migrate the mode of authentication to pserver.


Why?  :ext: is generally consider superior to :pserver:, particularly
when used with ssh rather than rsh.


	Not all systems implement rsh the same way, as there was never any 
real spec.  As such, the OP may be working with systems whose rsh's do 
not interoperate.  If there is no need to secure the client/server 
connections, then pserver makes a nice low maintenance solution, and 
is sure to work on any machine on which a CVS client can be compiled.


/|/|ike




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Re: Newbie question re: ssh

2002-11-16 Thread Mike Ayers
Greg A. Woods wrote:

[ On Friday, November 15, 2002 at 22:20:39 (-0800), Mike Ayers wrote: ]


Subject: Re: Newbie question re: ssh

Robert Koster wrote:



I have set up a repository, and want to use :ext w/ SSH (without


 keys).  Pros/cons?

	Con:  this isn't possible.  ssh operating without keys will forcibly 
invoke username/password login, which will gag the CVS client.


Huh?  I haven't tried without keys in a while but I'm pretty sure my
client still just asks me for the password and lets me type it



	Hmmm.  thinking back, that problem occurs on WinCVS.  It may be that 
the command line client behaves correctly.  I need to get my lab 
rebuilt and test these things first.


/|/|ike




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Re: WinCVS problem - sandbox files not shown

2002-11-16 Thread Mike Ayers
Stefan Andersson wrote:


(I've tried all combinations of the Show buttons, but the only 
thing that differs is if non-cvs files is shown or not...)

	Incorrect.  There are a number of Show buttons colored red.  Those 
buttons will hide all files *except* those shown.  Please check those 
and make sure none are depressed.  If any are, tell them a good joke, 
or just click them, and your hidden files should come out to play.


/|/|ike




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Re: An automatically commit

2002-11-18 Thread Mike Ayers
Giohanna MEndez wrote:


  /---Version 11
   /---version 1-/
  /  \
 /\Version 12
version base /---version 2
\---version 3 - Version 31

Each version has:
version base
   |-include (inside some files .h)
   |-server (inside some files .c)
   +-client (inside some files .c)

version 1
   |-include (inside same files as include in version base
 and more files .h)
   |-server (inside same files as server in version base
  and more files .c)
   |-client (inside same files as client in version base
  and more files .c)
   +-communications (inside some files .c)

version 2
   |-include (inside same files as include in version base
  and more files .h -different from version 1)
   |-server (inside same files as server in version base
  and more files .c -different from version 1)
   +-client (inside same files as client in version base
  and more files .c -different from version 1)


Snipped more of the same/


I made this logical structure in this way: first I create the version 
base, then from the version base I made a checkout, then I modify it and 
import it with the name version 1, I made the same procedure to create 
version 2 and 3, It is important to say to each modification is 
different between each version, to create the version 11, I made a 
checkout from the version 1, then I modify it and import it with the 
name version 11, I made the same to create version 12. To obtain version 
31: I made a checkout from the version 3, then I modify it and import it 
with the name version 31.

	Didn't this seem more than a bit awkward? (see below)


In this way, I had created modules for each version (at the same level 
in my cvs repository), but what I want to do is: each time I made a 
modification in program of the version 1, and I make a commit, the cvs 
automatically makes a commit for the version 11 and 12. Other example: 
if I made a commit for a modified program of the version base, cvs make 
automatically a commit for the dependent versions from it (according to 
my logical structure). This is my problem: how can I do it automatically?

	By not archiving multiple copies of the same file. (see below)


what I am doing at the moment, that is by the way too expensive, it is:
I make checkout of the version 1, then I modify it, then I made commit, 
after that and manually I made a checkout of the version 11, then I made 
the same modification and I made a commit, then I made a checkout of the 
version 12, then I made the same modification and I made a commit

	This is not only too expensive, it is too error prone.


Somebody can help me to make this process more automatically?


	I shall try.  First, I must point out your fundamental problem: you 
are trying to solve a configuration problem with an archiving system. 
 This is why your solution is so awkward and error prone.  The thing 
to do is to treat this as a CM problem, and you're halfway home.

	Basically, instead of maintaining so many copies of the same files, 
you should maintain only one copy, and use a manifest and conversion 
script to translate the archive into your chosen directories.  This 
results in far less files to archive.  It also means that your 
automatic commit happens by default, although you will need to rerun 
your conversion script each time you commit.  That can be handled with 
a checkin script, if necessary.


	HTH,

/|/|ike




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Re: Display all assets by TagName...

2002-11-20 Thread Mike Ayers
Larry Jones wrote:

DePaul, James writes:



Is there a way in WinCvS to list all of the assets tied to a specific tag!?


This is regular (command line) CVS -- WinCVS has it's own mailing list
(see www.wincvs.org).  But I strongly suspect the answer is no.


	You are correct in your suspicion.


/|/|ike




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Re: Changing CVSROOT in CVS/Root of working directory

2002-11-25 Thread Mike Ayers
mmala wrote:

Hi
I am facing a problem.
Actually, right now our DNS is down so for running
client server cvs,I am adding IP address of the
clients as entries in the /etc/hosts file of the
machine where cvs server is running.But we all have
previously checked out working directories;the old
CVSROOT is no longer valid;instead of the server name
we are giving server ip address and updated using 
cvs -d $CVSROOT update
Now in all CVS/Root directories, the new root has
replaced the old one so we no longer have to use -d
each time.But in one machine, this is not
happening.CVS is always reading old CVSROOT and is
giving error 'there is no machine by that name'
I changed  CVSROOT in the autoexec file, rebooted that
machine and did update with -d but in CVS/Root file,
the old CVSROOT remains.How do I change this?The
client is win 98 machine and cvs client is command prompt.

	Simply remove all the CVS/Root files in that sandbox and do a 
`checkout -d` from the top of the tree.  This will create new CVS/Root 
files with the new root.


/|/|ike




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Re: cvs does not add hierachy files

2002-11-25 Thread Mike Ayers
Charles Sun wrote:


I am a newbie. I added many files and directories in the original check 
out.  Is there a simple way to add all of them?  ??cvs add?? does not 
add hierarchy files and directories.  ??cvs import?? will create 
unnecessary tags on other cvs files.  I wish ??cvs add?? has a ??-R?? 
option.

	Please do not send HTML mail to technical mailing lists.

	As far as CVS not adding everything new in a tree, this is 
deliberate.  This prevents the inadvertent adding of intermediate 
files and other files that you would not wish to version control. 
This requires you to decide to commit each file.  While this is 
inconvenient, it tends to be, in practice, much less inconvenient than 
the alternative.


/|/|ike




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Re: Changing CVSROOT in CVS/Root of working directory

2002-11-27 Thread Mike Ayers
Riechers, Matthew W wrote:


Alternatively, you could add the IP address of the server to the client
host file(s). In Windows 98, I believe the file is c:\windows\hosts.


	In Windows NT systems and derivatives, the file is usually 
%SYSTEMROOT%\etc\hosts.  CAVEAT:  Doing this now may cause much pain 
if the IP address of the host machine ever changes.


/|/|ike




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Re: AW: using .cvsrc in client-server setup

2002-12-04 Thread Mike Ayers
Fabian Cenedese wrote:



Windows 98 does not allow me to name/create a file as
.cvsrc
I tried naming a file just cvsrc and setting HOMEDRIVE
and HOMEPATH.It doesn't work.
Can anyone tell me how they accomplished setting
global options on windows 98?Any other suggestions? I
really really need cvs  co -P,update -P and update -d
as default options for all users.



Let someone create the .cvsrc file on a unix system (or any other 
system that allows it) for you and then send it to you as email 
attachment. When saved from the email the file will be created. With 
Win98 I was able to edit the file after that and save it as .cvsrc, on 
NT4.0 I had problems because it always tried to rename the file as 
.cvsrc.txt.


I guess that's not an NT problem but one of this editor or registry 
setting.
Just create any suitable file and rename it on the DOS command line,
works without a fault (at least on my NT4 but 98 should be even easier).

ren cvsrc.txt .cvsrc

	If you cannot name a file .cvsrc, it is because Windows is managing 
file extensions for you.  Open My Computer, select menu item 
Tools\Folder Options, select tab View.  If Hide file extensions 
for known file types is selected, then Windows will automatically 
append .txt to Notepad files.  If it is cleared, you can use notepad 
to create .cvsrc by selecting type All Files when saving.


/|/|ike




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Re: Problem with WinCVS

2002-12-05 Thread Mike Ayers

	Please send only plain text messages to technical mailing lists.  Thanks.

David Gagnon wrote:

Hello,

I am a new to CVS and I need some help:

We have a CVS server on a Mac OSX computer and it's work well with 
MacCVS Pro client on a remote Macintosh. All the things seem to be ok
for the MacCVS client. But now, I am trying to use WinCVS on Windows XP 
and I have some problem. Any function return a message like Cannot 
fdopen 3296608 for write: No such file or directory.

	Message like does not help much.  Message is would be much 
better.  Can you cut-and-paste the exact output?  If not, please 
transcribe faithfully.  Thanks.

Note that I am using WinCVS1.3b5 with Python 2.2.2.


	Current is WinCVS 1.3b10.  Always upgrade to the latest when you 
haven't gotten something to work yet.  CVS GUI is now found at 
http://www.wincvs.org.


/|/|ike




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Re: Commit Problem

2002-12-05 Thread Mike Ayers

	Please send only plain text messages to technical mailing lists.  Thanks.

Bill Smith wrote:

Below is a message I posted to the tortoise cvs mailing list.
 
Additionally, I tried doing a cvs commit with cygwin cvs, I get
 
/CVSROOTccess /var/cvs
No such file or directory

	This is not a cut-and-paste of the output.  Please send a 
cut-and-paste of the output, or reproduce the output faithfully. 
Approximate error messages do not help.

I know there is some inconsistency between the cvs cygwin cvs client and 
the cvsnt client
but searching, it's not clear to me what those inconsistencies are. Can 
anyone clarify them?

	If you find this out, please tell us.   :-)  (Other than the line 
ending issue, that is).

-
I have a strange one here. I have a group of jpg images that I'm adding
to a repository. When I do a cvs add, all the images add fine. When I
try and commit, I get the error below for certain files. (I only see the
message below if I commit them one at a time, when in a group, I get some
generic message).

What is weird is that in some cases, if I open the image in an editor and
resave it (change jpg params) and try and commit, it will work. This could
be a coincidence.


	What params are you changing?  Opening a JPEG file in an editor and 
resaving it should change nothing.

Additional Info:
  TortoiseCVS version 1.2.1
  client os: Windows XP Home
  server os: Redhat 7.2
  server ssh version: OpenSSH_3.1p1


	Server CVS version?
	Client/server protocol?  :ext: with ssh is implied, but you give an 
OpenSSH version, and TortoiseCVS only works with PLINK.EXE, which does 
not show an OpenSSH version.

Any ideas? Honestly, I don't think this is a TortoiseCVS problem, but 
instead
a generic cvs problem, but I was hoping someone on this list might have some
ideas. I'm also gonna post this on the cvs list.

	*cough*  Or generic pilot error?  Just make sure you double check 
your setup.


In C:\Projects\webv3: C:\Program Files\TortoiseCVS\cvs.exe commit -m 
 src/html/gallery/images/sunfun/009_6a.jpg
CVSROOT=:ext:[EMAIL PROTECTED]:/var/cvs

cvs commit: warning: unrecognized response `FATAL ERROR: Server sent 
disconnect message:
' from cvs server
cvs commit: warning: unrecognized response `Corrupted check bytes on 
input.
' from cvs server
cvs [commit aborted]: end of file from server (consult above messages if 
any)

	Check bytes?  Smells like client/server incompatibility to me.


/|/|ike




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Re: Commit Problem

2002-12-05 Thread Mike Ayers
Bill Smith wrote:

- Original Message -
From: Mike Ayers [EMAIL PROTECTED]



Actually, yes it is a cut-and-paste, here it is again including the command
line



Here s the entire trace with the -t option

$ cvs -t commit
cvs commit: notice: main loop with
CVSROOT=:ext:[EMAIL PROTECTED]:/var/cvs
cvs commit: Examining .
 - Starting server: ssh www.copperleaf.org -l bsmith cvs server
[EMAIL PROTECTED]'s password:
/CVSROOTccess /var/cvs
No such file or directory


	Hmmm... this looks like the string /CVSROOT overlaid on the string 
Cannot access /var/cvs.  This would happen if, say, you were using 
Unix style formattting...

	You mentioned Cygwin earlier.  Have you used Cygwin to work in this 
sandbox that you are using TortoiseCVS in?

FYI, the cygwin cvs version is

$ cvs -v

Concurrent Versions System (CVS) 1.11 (client/server)


	Grandma!


What params are you changing?  Opening a JPEG file in an editor and
resaving it should change nothing.


I played with changing the compression level of the jpg using the gimp. cvs
SHOULDN'T care anyway. It's a


	Ah - that's not a parameter - you recompressed the image.  CVS 
shouldn't care, yes, but I, trying to understand the problem, do.   :-)

Additional Info:
 TortoiseCVS version 1.2.1
 client os: Windows XP Home
 server os: Redhat 7.2
 server ssh version: OpenSSH_3.1p1


Server CVS version?


server cvs version is 1.11.1p1


	Old Aunt Ethel!


Client/server protocol?  :ext: with ssh is implied, but you give an
OpenSSH version, and TortoiseCVS only works with PLINK.EXE, which does
not show an OpenSSH version.


On the client side, TortoiseCVS is using plink which is connecting to sshd
on the server side.


	Are you certain of this?  How do you know?


This has worked successfully with all the other files. To add some more
detail, it is only a
handful of files (~12 out of 100) all jpgs that are acting up. The images
all vary in size, but
none exceed 30 - 40k.


	Irrelevant, mostly.  CVS is all or nothing.  What's surprising is 
that so many files do work.

Since we are talking configuration, fyi, in the server cvswrappers file is
an entry
for jpgs:
*.jpg -k 'b'


	Good.  Please status your JPEGs and verify that the option took.


/|/|ike




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Re: update -l -r brnch dir doesn't seem to do anything

2002-12-09 Thread Mike Ayers
CHARLES HART, BLOOMBERG/ 499 PARK wrote:

I've used CVS for a bit over 24 hours, having used ClearCase for the past 16
years, and I am trying to get a handle on how NOT to get a whole directory
dumped into my work area.

We have a directory with approximately 1,500 source files in it.  (No unfortunat
ely, I can't make a smaller  directory, since this is only one of 475 directorie
s I have to worry about).  I have figured out that I can start with an empty
work area and say
$ cvs update -r brnch bmf/foo.x
and just get one file moved into the directory. But, if I start with an empty
work area and I want to create a new file in the big directory, I can't get CVS
to give me an empty place to work.  (At least the cvs add command refuses to
work in anything other than a work directory blessed by CVS).  I figured out
that I can do an mkdir and cvs add, and cvs correctly notices that the new
directory is redundant, but shouldn't update -l -r brnch dir work too?  -CTH


	You understand the problem correctly.  To get your directory 
blessed, just check out a single file in it - use `cvs update -r 
brnch bmf/foo.x`, then delete foo.x, make your file (in the bmf 
directory), and check it in.  While updating foo.x, CVS should create 
all the CVS/* files it needs to do the add.


/|/|ike




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Re: Binary update and merge problem

2002-12-09 Thread Mike Ayers
Walter Ghijsen wrote:

Hi, 

I'm running into problems with merging binary files from one branch 
into another. 

SNIP/


Does anyone have any suggestions?


	Yes.  Don't merge binary files.  CVS knows how to merge only text 
files.  Binary files you must handle on your own.  What you probably 
want to do is replace the main trunk version of the file with any 
changed files on the developer branch, but you are the expert there. 
You may need to devise a script for this.  The handling of binary 
files in CVS is very limited.


/|/|ike




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Re: Bug tracking.

2002-12-09 Thread Mike Ayers
Steven Buroff wrote:

I would like to vote for this feature too.


	This open source.  Only patches count as votes.


CVS's support for bug
tracking is poor to nonexistent and many people have commented on
it and requested better support. Tags don't really do it.


	That's because CVS is not a bug tracking tool.  It's an archive 
system.  Only an archive system.  If you want to do more than just 
archiving, you must find tools that do those other things and/or 
integrate them yourself.

	Sorry if this sounds harsh, but too many people just don't seem to 
grasp this.


/|/|ike




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