Re: [lfs-support] ABOUT LFS
On 07/09/13 03:29, Pwn Me wrote: guys i have another question.. i'm done with my LFS 7.3 and it actually works now but some commands like APT, REBOOT, HALT etc. have the same outputs when i typed them: bash: command not found They are privileged programs, which LFS puts on /sbin or /usr/sbin, neither of which are on your PATH if you log in as a normal user. You need to log in as 'root' to use these commands. And 'apt' is the package management tool for Debian, Ubuntu, etc. You won't find it in LFS at all, unless you add it yourself. also i haven't edited my /etc/sysconfig/clock, /etc/resolv.conf and /etc/hosts.. I think you need to do some basic reading up about Linux and about using the standard shell and utilities, before you go much further - there're some good references on this page: http://www.linuxfromscratch.org/lfs/view/stable/prologue/prerequisites.html David -- http://linuxfromscratch.org/mailman/listinfo/lfs-support FAQ: http://www.linuxfromscratch.org/lfs/faq.html Unsubscribe: See the above information page
Re: [lfs-support] ABOUT LFS
Date: Fri, 6 Sep 2013 20:29:18 -0700 (PDT) From: Pwn Me pwn_m...@yahoo.com To: lfs-support@linuxfromscratch.org lfs-support@linuxfromscratch.org Subject: [lfs-support] ABOUT LFS guys i have another question.. i'm done with my LFS 7.3 and it actually works now but some commands like APT, REBOOT, HALT etc. have the same outputs when i typed them: bash: command not found If you're typing those commands in uppercase, then that'd explain it: by default they're in lowercase; and 'apt' might be not yet installed on a bare lfs system. So, try 'halt', 'reboot' (without the quotes in both cases). also i haven't edited my /etc/sysconfig/clock, /etc/resolv.conf and /etc/hosts.. - then you're probably not yet 'done with [..] LFS 7.3' . I think that Bruce's earlier reply addressed a query of yours concerning those files: you'll likely need/want to edit them. rgds, akh -- -- http://linuxfromscratch.org/mailman/listinfo/lfs-support FAQ: http://www.linuxfromscratch.org/lfs/faq.html Unsubscribe: See the above information page
Re: [lfs-support] ABOUT LFS
i have a question.. how can i edit the PATH=tools/bin:/bin:/usr/bin to PATH=tools/bin:/bin:/usr/bin:/tools/sbin:/sbin:/usr/sbin? 'coz i tried to use export to edit this command and when i reboot the system, the PATH thing goes back to the original syntax.. :/ From: David Brodie l...@aba.eclipse.co.uk To: Pwn Me pwn_m...@yahoo.com; LFS Support List lfs-support@linuxfromscratch.org Sent: Saturday, September 7, 2013 7:27 PM Subject: Re: [lfs-support] ABOUT LFS On 07/09/13 03:29, Pwn Me wrote: guys i have another question.. i'm done with my LFS 7.3 and it actually works now but some commands like APT, REBOOT, HALT etc. have the same outputs when i typed them: bash: command not found They are privileged programs, which LFS puts on /sbin or /usr/sbin, neither of which are on your PATH if you log in as a normal user. You need to log in as 'root' to use these commands. And 'apt' is the package management tool for Debian, Ubuntu, etc. You won't find it in LFS at all, unless you add it yourself. also i haven't edited my /etc/sysconfig/clock, /etc/resolv.conf and /etc/hosts.. I think you need to do some basic reading up about Linux and about using the standard shell and utilities, before you go much further - there're some good references on this page: http://www.linuxfromscratch.org/lfs/view/stable/prologue/prerequisites.html David -- http://linuxfromscratch.org/mailman/listinfo/lfs-support FAQ: http://www.linuxfromscratch.org/lfs/faq.html Unsubscribe: See the above information page-- http://linuxfromscratch.org/mailman/listinfo/lfs-support FAQ: http://www.linuxfromscratch.org/lfs/faq.html Unsubscribe: See the above information page
Re: [lfs-support] ABOUT LFS
I think you need to learn about the bash shell, especially startup files. I suggest that you begin with this from chapter 3 of Beyond LFS: http://www.linuxfromscratch.org/blfs/view/svn/postlfs/profile.html There you will find where to put things like environment variables and aliases. Take it slowly: the examples given are quite sophisticated. If you still have your host system around, have a look at the versions of the files supplied by it. When I looked at my host I discovered that halt and restart were aliases (in /etc/bashrc). So the line alias halt='shutdown -h now' was in /etc/bashrc. I slow, methodical trawl through all the Bash files, and a bit of head-scratching over the difference between login and non-login shells, will work wonders for your understanding of Linux. You might also find https://shreevatsa.wordpress.com/2008/03/30/zshbash-startup-files-loading-order-bashrc-zshrc-etc/ useful - many of my beginning students had the first diagram open most of the day! Slainte Gordon -- Gordon Findlay gordon.find...@gmail.com Ambition is a poor excuse for not having sense enough to be lazy. On Sun, Sep 8, 2013 at 12:40 PM, Pwn Me pwn_m...@yahoo.com wrote: i have a question.. how can i edit the PATH=tools/bin:/bin:/usr/bin to PATH=tools/bin:/bin:/usr/bin:/tools/sbin:/sbin:/usr/sbin? 'coz i tried to use export to edit this command and when i reboot the system, the PATH thing goes back to the original syntax.. :/ -- *From:* David Brodie l...@aba.eclipse.co.uk *To:* Pwn Me pwn_m...@yahoo.com; LFS Support List lfs-support@linuxfromscratch.org *Sent:* Saturday, September 7, 2013 7:27 PM *Subject:* Re: [lfs-support] ABOUT LFS On 07/09/13 03:29, Pwn Me wrote: guys i have another question.. i'm done with my LFS 7.3 and it actually works now but some commands like APT, REBOOT, HALT etc. have the same outputs when i typed them: bash: command not found They are privileged programs, which LFS puts on /sbin or /usr/sbin, neither of which are on your PATH if you log in as a normal user. You need to log in as 'root' to use these commands. And 'apt' is the package management tool for Debian, Ubuntu, etc. You won't find it in LFS at all, unless you add it yourself. also i haven't edited my /etc/sysconfig/clock, /etc/resolv.conf and /etc/hosts.. I think you need to do some basic reading up about Linux and about using the standard shell and utilities, before you go much further - there're some good references on this page: http://www.linuxfromscratch.org/lfs/view/stable/prologue/prerequisites.html David -- http://linuxfromscratch.org/mailman/listinfo/lfs-support FAQ: http://www.linuxfromscratch.org/lfs/faq.html Unsubscribe: See the above information page -- http://linuxfromscratch.org/mailman/listinfo/lfs-support FAQ: http://www.linuxfromscratch.org/lfs/faq.html Unsubscribe: See the above information page -- http://linuxfromscratch.org/mailman/listinfo/lfs-support FAQ: http://www.linuxfromscratch.org/lfs/faq.html Unsubscribe: See the above information page
Re: [lfs-support] ABOUT LFS
On Sat, Sep 07, 2013 at 05:40:27PM -0700, Pwn Me wrote: i have a question.. how can i edit the PATH=tools/bin:/bin:/usr/bin to PATH=tools/bin:/bin:/usr/bin:/tools/sbin:/sbin:/usr/sbin? 'coz i tried to use export to edit this command and when i reboot the system, the PATH thing goes back to the original syntax.. :/ After looking at the name you use for your email account, I have to ask why don't you just run everything as root ? - it will make it much easier for people to own your system ;-) I'm joking, but I start to wonder if you are trolling. For a safer system, limiting privileges is a good idea. To shut down a *desktop* box, I'm happy using a hack to let a user run 'shutdown' - but I'm the only user of those machines, and I can only run the user shutdown script from a tty (not an xterm, nor when using ssh to connect to a system). Some other people use 'sudo' and allow (some) normal users to shutdown, others run desktop environments where ConsoleKit gives permissions to whoever is at the physical machine. Every alternative method has its own advantages an disadvantages. Also, the /tools part of the PATH should be unnecessary after you have completed chapter 6 of LFS. If you need to go back in to chroot to edit some files, chroot /mnt/lfs should work fine - if it doesn't, you've got other problems. In any case, why would you prefer to run the programs from /tools/sbin in preference to /sbin or /usr/sbin ? - hint: a program will be run from the first directory which contains a program of that name. ĸen -- das eine Mal als Tragödie, dieses Mal als Farce -- http://linuxfromscratch.org/mailman/listinfo/lfs-support FAQ: http://www.linuxfromscratch.org/lfs/faq.html Unsubscribe: See the above information page
Re: [lfs-support] ABOUT LFS
On Sun, 2013-09-08 at 03:44 +0100, Ken Moffat wrote: For a safer system, limiting privileges is a good idea. To shut down a *desktop* box, I'm happy using a hack to let a user run 'shutdown' - but I'm the only user of those machines, and I can only run the user shutdown script from a tty (not an xterm, nor when using ssh to connect to a system). Some other people use 'sudo' and allow (some) normal users to shutdown, others run desktop environments where ConsoleKit gives permissions to whoever is at the physical machine. Every alternative method has its own advantages an disadvantages. I've seen ways of tricking ConsoleKit before, I just use whatever my distro uses as they fix known vulnerabilities with the method they offer - and for my LFS system, this is probably not the best solution but I just have a cron job running as root once a minute that looks for /tmp/shutdown and /tmp/reboot - and then executes the appropriate command if either exist. That means anyone who has write access to /tmp can shutdown or reboot but I'm the only user. That way though I don't have to either use sudo (I dis-like sudo) or su to root. -- http://linuxfromscratch.org/mailman/listinfo/lfs-support FAQ: http://www.linuxfromscratch.org/lfs/faq.html Unsubscribe: See the above information page
