Re: Single partition fs layout
On Tue, Feb 20, 2024 at 5:24 PM hahahahacker2009 wrote: > Vào Th 3, 13 thg 2, 2024 vào lúc 19:41 Odhiambo Washington > đã viết: > > > > Is there a disadvantage to having this layout style where everything is > on > > 1 partition? > > > > ``` > > openbsd$ uname -a > > OpenBSD openbsd.vmbridge.local 7.4 GENERIC.MP#1397 amd64 > > openbsd$ df -h > > Filesystem SizeUsed Avail Capacity Mounted on > > /dev/sd0a 43.3G1.7G 39.5G 5%/ > > openbsd$ ls -al / > > total 158208 > > drwxr-xr-x 13 root wheel 512 Feb 13 14:54 . > > drwxr-xr-x 13 root wheel 512 Feb 13 14:54 .. > > -rw-r--r-- 1 root wheel 578 Oct 10 17:41 .cshrc > > -rw-r--r-- 1 root wheel 468 Oct 10 17:41 .profile > > drwxr-xr-x 2 root wheel 512 Oct 10 17:41 altroot > > drwxr-xr-x 2 root wheel 1024 Oct 10 17:41 bin > > -rwx-- 1 root wheel 25441732 Feb 13 14:54 bsd > > -rwx-- 1 root wheel 25417620 Feb 13 14:36 bsd.booted > > -rw--- 1 root wheel 4659966 Feb 13 14:35 bsd.rd > > -rw--- 1 root wheel 25344566 Feb 13 14:35 bsd.sp > > drwxr-xr-x 6 root wheel 19456 Feb 13 14:39 dev > > drwxr-xr-x 24 root wheel 1536 Feb 13 14:53 etc > > drwxr-xr-x 3 root wheel 512 Feb 13 14:36 home > > drwxr-xr-x 2 root wheel 512 Oct 10 17:41 mnt > > drwx-- 3 root wheel 512 Feb 13 14:36 root > > drwxr-xr-x 2 root wheel 1536 Oct 10 17:41 sbin > > lrwxrwx--- 1 root wheel11 Oct 10 17:41 sys -> usr/src/sys > > drwxrwxrwt 6 root wheel 512 Feb 13 14:54 tmp > > drwxr-xr-x 16 root wheel 512 Feb 13 14:36 usr > > drwxr-xr-x 24 root wheel 512 Oct 8 18:42 var > > ``` > > > > -- > > Best regards, > > Odhiambo WASHINGTON, > > Nairobi,KE > > +254 7 3200 0004/+254 7 2274 3223 > > In an Internet failure case, the #1 suspect is a constant: DNS. > > "Oh, the cruft.", egrep -v '^$|^.*#' ¯\_(ツ)_/¯ :-) > > [How to ask smart questions: > > http://www.catb.org/~esr/faqs/smart-questions.html] > > There isn't a single advantage having a huge root partition, even > for virtual throwaway machines. > I'd add some mail on the list, in addition to the faq: > https://marc.info/?l=openbsd-misc=154053727724928=3 > https://marc.info/?l=openbsd-misc=154054091026039=3 Very well noted! -- Best regards, Odhiambo WASHINGTON, Nairobi,KE +254 7 3200 0004/+254 7 2274 3223 In an Internet failure case, the #1 suspect is a constant: DNS. "Oh, the cruft.", egrep -v '^$|^.*#' ¯\_(ツ)_/¯ :-) [How to ask smart questions: http://www.catb.org/~esr/faqs/smart-questions.html]
Re: Single partition fs layout
Vào Th 3, 13 thg 2, 2024 vào lúc 19:41 Odhiambo Washington đã viết: > > Is there a disadvantage to having this layout style where everything is on > 1 partition? > > ``` > openbsd$ uname -a > OpenBSD openbsd.vmbridge.local 7.4 GENERIC.MP#1397 amd64 > openbsd$ df -h > Filesystem SizeUsed Avail Capacity Mounted on > /dev/sd0a 43.3G1.7G 39.5G 5%/ > openbsd$ ls -al / > total 158208 > drwxr-xr-x 13 root wheel 512 Feb 13 14:54 . > drwxr-xr-x 13 root wheel 512 Feb 13 14:54 .. > -rw-r--r-- 1 root wheel 578 Oct 10 17:41 .cshrc > -rw-r--r-- 1 root wheel 468 Oct 10 17:41 .profile > drwxr-xr-x 2 root wheel 512 Oct 10 17:41 altroot > drwxr-xr-x 2 root wheel 1024 Oct 10 17:41 bin > -rwx-- 1 root wheel 25441732 Feb 13 14:54 bsd > -rwx-- 1 root wheel 25417620 Feb 13 14:36 bsd.booted > -rw--- 1 root wheel 4659966 Feb 13 14:35 bsd.rd > -rw--- 1 root wheel 25344566 Feb 13 14:35 bsd.sp > drwxr-xr-x 6 root wheel 19456 Feb 13 14:39 dev > drwxr-xr-x 24 root wheel 1536 Feb 13 14:53 etc > drwxr-xr-x 3 root wheel 512 Feb 13 14:36 home > drwxr-xr-x 2 root wheel 512 Oct 10 17:41 mnt > drwx-- 3 root wheel 512 Feb 13 14:36 root > drwxr-xr-x 2 root wheel 1536 Oct 10 17:41 sbin > lrwxrwx--- 1 root wheel11 Oct 10 17:41 sys -> usr/src/sys > drwxrwxrwt 6 root wheel 512 Feb 13 14:54 tmp > drwxr-xr-x 16 root wheel 512 Feb 13 14:36 usr > drwxr-xr-x 24 root wheel 512 Oct 8 18:42 var > ``` > > -- > Best regards, > Odhiambo WASHINGTON, > Nairobi,KE > +254 7 3200 0004/+254 7 2274 3223 > In an Internet failure case, the #1 suspect is a constant: DNS. > "Oh, the cruft.", egrep -v '^$|^.*#' ¯\_(ツ)_/¯ :-) > [How to ask smart questions: > http://www.catb.org/~esr/faqs/smart-questions.html] There isn't a single advantage having a huge root partition, even for virtual throwaway machines. I'd add some mail on the list, in addition to the faq: https://marc.info/?l=openbsd-misc=154053727724928=3 https://marc.info/?l=openbsd-misc=154054091026039=3
Re: Single partition fs layout
On Tue, Feb 13, 2024 at 10:11 PM Brian Conway wrote: > On Tue, Feb 13, 2024, at 6:37 AM, Odhiambo Washington wrote: > > Is there a disadvantage to having this layout style where everything is > on > > 1 partition? > > Beyond the plethora of responses you've already received, the Installation > section of the FAQ covers this thoroughly: > > https://www.openbsd.org/faq/faq4.html#Partitioning > > Brian Conway > Hello Brian, With this response, I must now say I am glad I asked this question. I have read the FAQ on partitioning and it explains it very well. Thoroughly if you will. That also led me to https://man.openbsd.org/disklabel#AUTOMATIC_DISK_ALLOCATION - where the sense behind the size calculations has been justified. -- Best regards, Odhiambo WASHINGTON, Nairobi,KE +254 7 3200 0004/+254 7 2274 3223 In an Internet failure case, the #1 suspect is a constant: DNS. "Oh, the cruft.", egrep -v '^$|^.*#' ¯\_(ツ)_/¯ :-) [How to ask smart questions: http://www.catb.org/~esr/faqs/smart-questions.html]
Re: Single partition fs layout
On Tue, Feb 13, 2024, at 6:37 AM, Odhiambo Washington wrote: > Is there a disadvantage to having this layout style where everything is on > 1 partition? Beyond the plethora of responses you've already received, the Installation section of the FAQ covers this thoroughly: https://www.openbsd.org/faq/faq4.html#Partitioning Brian Conway Owner RCE Software, LLC
Re: Single partition fs layout
On Tue, Feb 13, 2024 at 6:00 PM Frank Habicht wrote: > On 13/02/2024 16:52, Odhiambo Washington wrote: > > Thanks a million for such a nice explanation. > > Let me now ask Google about those flags. > ^^ > you misspelled "the man pages" > > Frank > Heheee... it's just today I have opted to be reading the man pages via a browser :) -- Best regards, Odhiambo WASHINGTON, Nairobi,KE +254 7 3200 0004/+254 7 2274 3223 In an Internet failure case, the #1 suspect is a constant: DNS. "Oh, the cruft.", egrep -v '^$|^.*#' ¯\_(ツ)_/¯ :-) [How to ask smart questions: http://www.catb.org/~esr/faqs/smart-questions.html]
Re: Single partition fs layout
On 13/02/2024 16:52, Odhiambo Washington wrote: Thanks a million for such a nice explanation. Let me now ask Google about those flags. ^^ you misspelled "the man pages" Frank
Re: Single partition fs layout
On Tue, Feb 13, 2024 at 5:21 PM Andreas Kähäri wrote: > On Tue, Feb 13, 2024 at 04:52:08PM +0300, Odhiambo Washington wrote: > > On Tue, Feb 13, 2024 at 4:12 PM Janne Johansson > wrote: > > > > > Den tis 13 feb. 2024 kl 13:40 skrev Odhiambo Washington < > > > odhia...@gmail.com>: > > > > > > > > Is there a disadvantage to having this layout style where everything > is > > > on > > > > 1 partition? > > > > > > A few. The partitioning scheme allow certain parts of the filesystem > > > to have different permissions, > > > > > > /dev/sd1a on / type ffs (local) > > > /dev/sd1e on /home type ffs (local, nodev, nosuid) > > > /dev/sd1d on /usr type ffs (local, nodev) > > > /dev/sd0a on /usr/local type ffs (local, nodev, wxallowed) > > > > > > but also if something decides to log like crazy and fills up /var and > > > you have /var ( or /var/log ) as a separate partition, the rest of the > > > system is not affected by it going full and it might be lots easier to > > > recover from it when the rest of the paths work as expected. > > > > > > It's a tradeoff between having to know in advance where data will go > > > or not, versus being able to prevent some nasty issues that could > > > occur if you let someone else run code on your machine. > > > > > > For a throwaway VM that you can reproduce, it would not matter so > > > much. For a box you really care about and is meant to run for yeats, > > > it matters more. > > > > > > -- > > > May the most significant bit of your life be positive. > > > > > > > Hello Janne, > > > > Thanks a million for such a nice explanation. > > Let me now ask Google about those flags. > > It would be better to read the mount(8) manual page, as it explains > what the mount options mean in the context of OpenBSD. > > See "man mount" or, if you have to use a web browser, the online manual > at http://man.openbsd.org/mount.8 > > > -- > Andreas (Kusalananda) Kähäri > Uppsala, Sweden > Thank you. Greetings from Kenya. -- Best regards, Odhiambo WASHINGTON, Nairobi,KE +254 7 3200 0004/+254 7 2274 3223 In an Internet failure case, the #1 suspect is a constant: DNS. "Oh, the cruft.", egrep -v '^$|^.*#' ¯\_(ツ)_/¯ :-) [How to ask smart questions: http://www.catb.org/~esr/faqs/smart-questions.html]
Re: Single partition fs layout
On Tue, Feb 13, 2024 at 04:52:08PM +0300, Odhiambo Washington wrote: > On Tue, Feb 13, 2024 at 4:12 PM Janne Johansson wrote: > > > Den tis 13 feb. 2024 kl 13:40 skrev Odhiambo Washington < > > odhia...@gmail.com>: > > > > > > Is there a disadvantage to having this layout style where everything is > > on > > > 1 partition? > > > > A few. The partitioning scheme allow certain parts of the filesystem > > to have different permissions, > > > > /dev/sd1a on / type ffs (local) > > /dev/sd1e on /home type ffs (local, nodev, nosuid) > > /dev/sd1d on /usr type ffs (local, nodev) > > /dev/sd0a on /usr/local type ffs (local, nodev, wxallowed) > > > > but also if something decides to log like crazy and fills up /var and > > you have /var ( or /var/log ) as a separate partition, the rest of the > > system is not affected by it going full and it might be lots easier to > > recover from it when the rest of the paths work as expected. > > > > It's a tradeoff between having to know in advance where data will go > > or not, versus being able to prevent some nasty issues that could > > occur if you let someone else run code on your machine. > > > > For a throwaway VM that you can reproduce, it would not matter so > > much. For a box you really care about and is meant to run for yeats, > > it matters more. > > > > -- > > May the most significant bit of your life be positive. > > > > Hello Janne, > > Thanks a million for such a nice explanation. > Let me now ask Google about those flags. It would be better to read the mount(8) manual page, as it explains what the mount options mean in the context of OpenBSD. See "man mount" or, if you have to use a web browser, the online manual at http://man.openbsd.org/mount.8 -- Andreas (Kusalananda) Kähäri Uppsala, Sweden .
Re: Single partition fs layout
On Tue, Feb 13, 2024 at 4:12 PM Janne Johansson wrote: > Den tis 13 feb. 2024 kl 13:40 skrev Odhiambo Washington < > odhia...@gmail.com>: > > > > Is there a disadvantage to having this layout style where everything is > on > > 1 partition? > > A few. The partitioning scheme allow certain parts of the filesystem > to have different permissions, > > /dev/sd1a on / type ffs (local) > /dev/sd1e on /home type ffs (local, nodev, nosuid) > /dev/sd1d on /usr type ffs (local, nodev) > /dev/sd0a on /usr/local type ffs (local, nodev, wxallowed) > > but also if something decides to log like crazy and fills up /var and > you have /var ( or /var/log ) as a separate partition, the rest of the > system is not affected by it going full and it might be lots easier to > recover from it when the rest of the paths work as expected. > > It's a tradeoff between having to know in advance where data will go > or not, versus being able to prevent some nasty issues that could > occur if you let someone else run code on your machine. > > For a throwaway VM that you can reproduce, it would not matter so > much. For a box you really care about and is meant to run for yeats, > it matters more. > > -- > May the most significant bit of your life be positive. > Hello Janne, Thanks a million for such a nice explanation. Let me now ask Google about those flags. -- Best regards, Odhiambo WASHINGTON, Nairobi,KE +254 7 3200 0004/+254 7 2274 3223 In an Internet failure case, the #1 suspect is a constant: DNS. "Oh, the cruft.", egrep -v '^$|^.*#' ¯\_(ツ)_/¯ :-) [How to ask smart questions: http://www.catb.org/~esr/faqs/smart-questions.html]
Re: Single partition fs layout
A very nice explanation, Janne, thank you! On Tue, 13 Feb 2024 14:12:10 +0100 Janne Johansson wrote: > A few. The partitioning scheme allow certain parts of the filesystem > to have different permissions, > > /dev/sd1a on / type ffs (local) > /dev/sd1e on /home type ffs (local, nodev, nosuid) > /dev/sd1d on /usr type ffs (local, nodev) > /dev/sd0a on /usr/local type ffs (local, nodev, wxallowed) > > but also if something decides to log like crazy and fills up /var and > you have /var ( or /var/log ) as a separate partition, the rest of the > system is not affected by it going full and it might be lots easier to > recover from it when the rest of the paths work as expected. > > It's a tradeoff between having to know in advance where data will go > or not, versus being able to prevent some nasty issues that could > occur if you let someone else run code on your machine. > > For a throwaway VM that you can reproduce, it would not matter so > much. For a box you really care about and is meant to run for yeats, > it matters more.
Re: Single partition fs layout
Den tis 13 feb. 2024 kl 13:40 skrev Odhiambo Washington : > > Is there a disadvantage to having this layout style where everything is on > 1 partition? A few. The partitioning scheme allow certain parts of the filesystem to have different permissions, /dev/sd1a on / type ffs (local) /dev/sd1e on /home type ffs (local, nodev, nosuid) /dev/sd1d on /usr type ffs (local, nodev) /dev/sd0a on /usr/local type ffs (local, nodev, wxallowed) but also if something decides to log like crazy and fills up /var and you have /var ( or /var/log ) as a separate partition, the rest of the system is not affected by it going full and it might be lots easier to recover from it when the rest of the paths work as expected. It's a tradeoff between having to know in advance where data will go or not, versus being able to prevent some nasty issues that could occur if you let someone else run code on your machine. For a throwaway VM that you can reproduce, it would not matter so much. For a box you really care about and is meant to run for yeats, it matters more. -- May the most significant bit of your life be positive.
Single partition fs layout
Is there a disadvantage to having this layout style where everything is on 1 partition? ``` openbsd$ uname -a OpenBSD openbsd.vmbridge.local 7.4 GENERIC.MP#1397 amd64 openbsd$ df -h Filesystem SizeUsed Avail Capacity Mounted on /dev/sd0a 43.3G1.7G 39.5G 5%/ openbsd$ ls -al / total 158208 drwxr-xr-x 13 root wheel 512 Feb 13 14:54 . drwxr-xr-x 13 root wheel 512 Feb 13 14:54 .. -rw-r--r-- 1 root wheel 578 Oct 10 17:41 .cshrc -rw-r--r-- 1 root wheel 468 Oct 10 17:41 .profile drwxr-xr-x 2 root wheel 512 Oct 10 17:41 altroot drwxr-xr-x 2 root wheel 1024 Oct 10 17:41 bin -rwx-- 1 root wheel 25441732 Feb 13 14:54 bsd -rwx-- 1 root wheel 25417620 Feb 13 14:36 bsd.booted -rw--- 1 root wheel 4659966 Feb 13 14:35 bsd.rd -rw--- 1 root wheel 25344566 Feb 13 14:35 bsd.sp drwxr-xr-x 6 root wheel 19456 Feb 13 14:39 dev drwxr-xr-x 24 root wheel 1536 Feb 13 14:53 etc drwxr-xr-x 3 root wheel 512 Feb 13 14:36 home drwxr-xr-x 2 root wheel 512 Oct 10 17:41 mnt drwx-- 3 root wheel 512 Feb 13 14:36 root drwxr-xr-x 2 root wheel 1536 Oct 10 17:41 sbin lrwxrwx--- 1 root wheel11 Oct 10 17:41 sys -> usr/src/sys drwxrwxrwt 6 root wheel 512 Feb 13 14:54 tmp drwxr-xr-x 16 root wheel 512 Feb 13 14:36 usr drwxr-xr-x 24 root wheel 512 Oct 8 18:42 var ``` -- Best regards, Odhiambo WASHINGTON, Nairobi,KE +254 7 3200 0004/+254 7 2274 3223 In an Internet failure case, the #1 suspect is a constant: DNS. "Oh, the cruft.", egrep -v '^$|^.*#' ¯\_(ツ)_/¯ :-) [How to ask smart questions: http://www.catb.org/~esr/faqs/smart-questions.html]
