Re: Is there no compression support for large sized strings in Python?
Christopher Subich wrote: anyone out there with an ILP64 system? I have access to an itanium system with a metric ton of memory. I -think- that the Python version is still only a 32-bit python an ILP64 system is a system where int, long, and pointer are all 64 bits, so a 32-bit python on a 64-bit platform doesn't really qualify. /... snip examples that show that python's string handling could need some work for the len(s) maxint case .../ /F -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: advice : how do you iterate with an acc ?
[EMAIL PROTECTED] wrote: acc = []# accumulator ;) for line in fileinput.input(): if condition(line): if acc:#1 doSomething(acc)#1 acc = [] else: acc.append(line) if acc:#2 doSomething(acc)#2 Looks like you'd be better off making an Accumulator that knows what to do. class Accumulator(list): ... def flush(self): ... if len(self): ... print Flushing items: %s % self ... del self[:] ... lines = [ ... spam, eggs, FLUSH, ... beans, rat, FLUSH, ... strawberry, ... ] acc = Accumulator() for line in lines: ... if line == 'FLUSH': ... acc.flush() ... else: ... acc.append(line) ... Flushing items: ['spam', 'eggs'] Flushing items: ['beans', 'rat'] acc.flush() Flushing items: ['strawberry'] -- \ [W]e are still the first generation of users, and for all that | `\ we may have invented the net, we still don't really get it. | _o__) -- Douglas Adams | Ben Finney -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: Compiling Guppy-PE extension modules
Claudio Grondi [EMAIL PROTECTED] wrote: I don't know if it applies here, but in this context the extern keyword comes to my mind. [snip extracts from Microsoft docs] Perhaps. But I suspect it isn't that simple since ... I'd think even if I don't use the extern keyword the compiler should be able to figure it out. (As a service to the programmer.) And it shouldn't be very difficult to do. I'll probably not try this out for a while, but maybe you can check it yourself or ask someone that knows C. Regards, Sverker -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
os.rename copies when old is in-use - is this deliberate?
On Windows, if I do os.rename(old, new) where old is a file that is in-use (e.g. python itself, or a dll that is loaded), I would expect that an error would be raised (e.g. as when os.remove is called with an in-use file). However, what happens is that a copy of the file is made, and the old file still exists. For example: C:\c:\python24\python.exe Python 2.4.2 (#67, Sep 28 2005, 12:41:11) [MSC v.1310 32 bit (Intel)] on win32 Type help, copyright, credits or license for more information. import os import sys sys.executable 'c:\\python24\\python.exe' os.rename(sys.executable, d:\\python24.exe) ^Z D:\dir c:\python24\p*.exe Volume in drive C is ACER Volume Serial Number is 320D-180E Directory of c:\python24 28/09/2005 12:41 p.m. 4,608 python.exe 28/09/2005 12:41 p.m. 5,120 pythonw.exe 2 File(s) 9,728 bytes 0 Dir(s) 16,018,685,952 bytes free C:\dir d:\p*24.exe Volume in drive D is DATA Volume Serial Number is 4019-78E0 Directory of d:\ 28/09/2005 12:41 p.m. 4,608 python24.exe 1 File(s) 4,608 bytes 0 Dir(s) 15,362,207,744 bytes free Is this the intended behaviour? The documentation doesn't give any indication that it is (so unless I'm missing something, this is at least a documentation bug). Any insight appreciated :) (I do know that I can work around it by doing a remove after the rename, if the file exists). =Tony.Meyer -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: Cut and paste an EPS file
John Henry [EMAIL PROTECTED] (JH) wrote: JH I am looking for a Python tookit that will enable me to cut section of JH a picture out from an EPS file and create another EPS file. JH I am using a proprietary package for doing certain engineering JH calculations. It creates single page x-y line plots that has too much JH blank spaces around the plotted area located at the top 2/3 of the JH page. I like to be cut that white space out by extracting the image JH out and may be scale it up - while keeping the bottom 1/3 unchanged. If you just want to remove the spurious whitespace (i.e. crop the picture) you can do this with ghostscript. Look for a script ps2eps. -- Piet van Oostrum [EMAIL PROTECTED] URL: http://www.cs.uu.nl/~piet [PGP 8DAE142BE17999C4] Private email: [EMAIL PROTECTED] -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: Python Unicode decimal interpretation
Scott David Daniels wrote:
In reading over the source for CPython's PyUnicode_EncodeDecimal,
I see a dance to handle characters which are neither dec-equiv nor
in Latin-1. Does anyone know about the intent of such a conversion?
To support this:
int(u\N{DEVANAGARI DIGIT SEVEN})
7
As far as I can tell, error handling is one of:
strict, replace, ignore, xmlcharrefreplace, or something_else
What I don't understand is whether, in the ignore or something_else
cases, there is any chance that digits will show up anywhere that
they would not if these characters were treated as a character like '?'?
Can someone either give me definitive why not or (preferably) give
me a test case that shows where that interpretation does not hold.
In the ignore case, no output is produced at all, for the unencodable
character; this is the same way that '?' would be treated (it is
also unencodable).
In the something_else case, a user-defined exception handler could
treat the error in any way it liked, e.g. encoding all letters
u'A' to digit '0'. This might be different from the way this error
handler would treat '?'.
Regards,
Martin
--
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Re: XML and namespaces
Uche [EMAIL PROTECTED] wrote: Of course. Minidom implements level 2 (thus the NS at the end of the method name), which means that its APIs should all be namespace aware. The bug is that writexml() and thus toxml() are not so. Not exactly a bug - DOM Level 2 Core 1.1.8p2 explicitly leaves namespace fixup at the mercy of the application. It's only standardised as a DOM feature in Level 3, which minidom does not yet claim to support. It would be a nice feature to add, but it's not entirely trivial to implement, especially when you can serialize a partial DOM tree. Additionally, it might have some compatibility problems with apps that don't expect namespace declarations to automagically appear. For example, perhaps, an app dealing with HTML that doesn't want spare xmlns=http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml; declarations appearing in every snippet of serialized output. So it should probably be optional. In DOM Level 3 (and pxdom) there's a DOMConfiguration parameter 'namespaces' to control it; perhaps for minidom an argument to toxml() might be best? -- And Clover mailto:[EMAIL PROTECTED] http://www.doxdesk.com/ -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: os.rename copies when old is in-use - is this deliberate?
Tony Meyer wrote: Is this the intended behaviour? Sort-of. os.rename invokes the C library's rename, and does whatever this does. It is expected that most platform's C libraries do what the documentation says rename does, but platforms may vary in their implementation of the C library, and from one compiler version to the other. Microsoft's documentation of rename/_rename/_wrename is here: http://msdn.microsoft.com/library/default.asp?url=/library/en-us/vclib/html/_crt_rename.2c_._wrename.asp It doesn't say anything about renaming in-use files, either. Looking at the implementation of _rename, I see that it directly calls MoveFile, which is documented here: http://msdn.microsoft.com/library/default.asp?url=/library/en-us/fileio/fs/movefile.asp That doesn't mention the in-use case, either. Regards, Martin -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: os.rename copies when old is in-use - is this deliberate?
[Tony Meyer] Is this the intended behaviour? [Martin v. Löwis] Sort-of. os.rename invokes the C library's rename, and does whatever this does. It is expected that most platform's C libraries do what the documentation says rename does, but platforms may vary in their implementation of the C library, and from one compiler version to the other. [snip links to Microsoft documentation, which don't cover the in-use case] Thanks for that. In your opinion, would a documentation patch that explained that this would occur on Windows (after the existing note about the Windows rename not being atomic) be acceptable? (The Windows platform C library for Python 2.4+ is in msvcrt71.dll, right? Does that mean that behaviour will be consistent across Windows versions, or could 9x/NT/XP/etc all behave differently?) =Tony.Meyer -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: advice : how do you iterate with an acc ?
On 2 Dec 2005 18:34:12 -0800, [EMAIL PROTECTED] wrote: Bengt Richter wrote: It looks to me like itertools.groupby could get you close to what you want, e.g., (untested) Ah, groupby. The generic string.split() equivalent. But the doc said the input needs to be sorted. seq = [3,1,4,'t',0,3,4,2,'t',3,1,4] import itertools def condition(item): return item=='t' ... def dosomething(it): return 'doing something with %r'%list(it) ... for condresult, acciter in itertools.groupby(seq, condition): ... if not condresult: ... dosomething(acciter) ... 'doing something with [3, 1, 4]' 'doing something with [0, 3, 4, 2]' 'doing something with [3, 1, 4]' I think the input only needs to be sorted if you a trying to group sorted subsequences of the input. I.e., you can't get them extracted together unless the condition is satisfied for a contiguous group, which only happens if the input is sorted. But AFAIK the grouping logic just scans and applies key condition and returns iterators for the subsequences that yield the same key function result, along with that result. So it's a general subsequence extractor. You just have to supply the key function to make the condition value change when a group ends and a new one begins. And the value can be arbitrary, or just toggle beween two values, e.g. for condresult, acciter in itertools.groupby(range(20), lambda x:x%3==0 or x==5): ... print '%6s: %r'%(condresult, list(acciter)) ... True: [0] False: [1, 2] True: [3] False: [4] True: [5, 6] False: [7, 8] True: [9] False: [10, 11] True: [12] False: [13, 14] True: [15] False: [16, 17] True: [18] False: [19] or a condresult that stays the same in groups, but every group result is different: for condresult, acciter in itertools.groupby(range(20), lambda x:x//3): ... print '%6s: %r'%(condresult, list(acciter)) ... 0: [0, 1, 2] 1: [3, 4, 5] 2: [6, 7, 8] 3: [9, 10, 11] 4: [12, 13, 14] 5: [15, 16, 17] 6: [18, 19] Regards, Bengt Richter -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: advice : how do you iterate with an acc ?
Bengt Richter wrote: On 2 Dec 2005 18:34:12 -0800, [EMAIL PROTECTED] wrote: Bengt Richter wrote: It looks to me like itertools.groupby could get you close to what you want, e.g., (untested) Ah, groupby. The generic string.split() equivalent. But the doc said the input needs to be sorted. seq = [3,1,4,'t',0,3,4,2,'t',3,1,4] import itertools def condition(item): return item=='t' ... def dosomething(it): return 'doing something with %r'%list(it) ... for condresult, acciter in itertools.groupby(seq, condition): ... if not condresult: ... dosomething(acciter) ... 'doing something with [3, 1, 4]' 'doing something with [0, 3, 4, 2]' 'doing something with [3, 1, 4]' I think the input only needs to be sorted if you a trying to group sorted subsequences of the input. I.e., you can't get them extracted together unless the condition is satisfied for a contiguous group, which only happens if the input is sorted. But AFAIK the grouping logic just scans and applies key condition and returns iterators for the subsequences that yield the same key function result, along with that result. So it's a general subsequence extractor. You just have to supply the key function to make the condition value change when a group ends and a new one begins. And the value can be arbitrary, or just toggle beween two values, e.g. for condresult, acciter in itertools.groupby(range(20), lambda x:x%3==0 or x==5): ... print '%6s: %r'%(condresult, list(acciter)) ... True: [0] False: [1, 2] True: [3] False: [4] True: [5, 6] False: [7, 8] True: [9] False: [10, 11] True: [12] False: [13, 14] True: [15] False: [16, 17] True: [18] False: [19] or a condresult that stays the same in groups, but every group result is different: for condresult, acciter in itertools.groupby(range(20), lambda x:x//3): ... print '%6s: %r'%(condresult, list(acciter)) ... 0: [0, 1, 2] 1: [3, 4, 5] 2: [6, 7, 8] 3: [9, 10, 11] 4: [12, 13, 14] 5: [15, 16, 17] 6: [18, 19] Thanks. So it basically has an internal state storing the last condition result and if it flips(different), a new group starts. -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: os.rename copies when old is in-use - is this deliberate?
On Sat, 3 Dec 2005 22:32:22 +1300, Tony Meyer [EMAIL PROTECTED] wrote: On Windows, if I do os.rename(old, new) where old is a file that is in-use (e.g. python itself, or a dll that is loaded), I would expect that an error would be raised (e.g. as when os.remove is called with an in-use file). However, what happens is that a copy of the file is made, and the old file still exists. For example: C:\c:\python24\python.exe Python 2.4.2 (#67, Sep 28 2005, 12:41:11) [MSC v.1310 32 bit (Intel)] on wi= n32 Type help, copyright, credits or license for more information. import os import sys sys.executable 'c:\\python24\\python.exe' os.rename(sys.executable, d:\\python24.exe) ^Z D:\dir c:\python24\p*.exe Volume in drive C is ACER Volume Serial Number is 320D-180E Directory of c:\python24 28/09/2005 12:41 p.m. 4,608 python.exe 28/09/2005 12:41 p.m. 5,120 pythonw.exe 2 File(s) 9,728 bytes 0 Dir(s) 16,018,685,952 bytes free C:\dir d:\p*24.exe Volume in drive D is DATA Volume Serial Number is 4019-78E0 Directory of d:\ 28/09/2005 12:41 p.m. 4,608 python24.exe 1 File(s) 4,608 bytes 0 Dir(s) 15,362,207,744 bytes free Is this the intended behaviour? The documentation doesn't give any indication that it is (so unless I'm missing something, this is at least a documentation bug). Any insight appreciated :) (I do know that I can work around it by doing a remove after the rename, if the file exists). Seems like os.rename may be trying to be too helpful (windows NT4) [ 3:26] C:\pywk\grammarhelp ren Renames a file or files. RENAME [drive:][path]filename1 filename2. REN [drive:][path]filename1 filename2. Note that you cannot specify a new drive or path for your destination file. [ 3:26] C:\pywk\grammarpy24 Python 2.4b1 (#56, Nov 3 2004, 01:47:27) [GCC 3.2.3 (mingw special 20030504-1)] on win32 Type help, copyright, credits or license for more information. import os help(os.rename) Help on built-in function rename in module nt: rename(...) rename(old, new) Rename a file or directory. Regards, Bengt Richter -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: os.rename copies when old is in-use - is this deliberate?
Tony Meyer wrote: Thanks for that. In your opinion, would a documentation patch that explained that this would occur on Windows (after the existing note about the Windows rename not being atomic) be acceptable? In principle, yes. We cannot do that for every platform, of course, but it probably won't be necessary for any platform, either. (The Windows platform C library for Python 2.4+ is in msvcrt71.dll, right? Does that mean that behaviour will be consistent across Windows versions, or could 9x/NT/XP/etc all behave differently?) The behaviour could be different in principle, yes. I found a KB article that says that MoveFile, on Windows CE 4.0, on a FAT file system, would move the file even if it was open. I'm actually also surprised by the behaviour - I would have expected that the failure to delete the file after the copy would cause an error, or that the attempt to open the file with FILE_SHARE_DELETE would cause an error right away. Somebody should investigate this with Sysinternal's filemon, to find out whether the MoveFile operation really succeeds. Perhaps there is a bug in the CRT, or in Python, also. Regards, Martin -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: CGI and long running job
[EMAIL PROTECTED] wrote: Hello, I am using python and CGI to initiate a long running simulation (up to 5h long) on a remote machine. The main idea is that I use a form, enter the parameters and a CGI scripts start the simulation using these parameters. The structure of the script is: 1. Read paremeters 2. Display some information 3. Start the simulation For step 3 I use either os.system or os.popen(2). The problem is that the web server does not send the information of step 2 back to the browser, unless step 3 is completed. The browser simply waits for a response, without displaying anything. How can I just read the params, display the info I want, start the simulation and then terminate either the script or at least the connection to the browser without having to wait for the simulation to finish? I am using activestate python 2.4, Apache and WinXP. Thanks a lot for your help. Maybe you could use 'os.spawn' variants with the P_NOWAIT parameter... (not sure of the syntax here, it's in the doc) Good luck! -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
EOF error
hi, when i try to unpickle a pickled file in binary format, i get this error: E:\mditest.py Traceback (most recent call last): File E:\mdi\qp.py, line 458, in OnReadButton data=p.load(file(ques.dat,r)) EOFError what is the reason? how do i overcome this? Thanks in advance for you valuable time -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: EOF error
ash wrote: hi, when i try to unpickle a pickled file in binary format, i get this error: E:\mditest.py Traceback (most recent call last): File E:\mdi\qp.py, line 458, in OnReadButton data=p.load(file(ques.dat,r)) EOFError what is the reason? how do i overcome this? Thanks in advance for you valuable time You have to open your file in binary mode for both dumping and loading the data. For that just add a b to the mode parameter, e. g. file(ques.dat, rb). Peter -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
os.chdir + GUI question
Hi, I do not know whether this is a Python, wxPython, Windows, or coding question ... I have a program that changes disk/directory using os.chdir (verified OK with os.getcwd) then opens a file dialog box using wx.FileDialog with as default dir. I expected to be in my chdir directory but found myself in the windows desktop. Any clue ? Regards, Philippe -- SnakeCard, LLC Philippe C. Martin www.snakecard.com -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
[ANN] rpncalc-2.2 RPN Calculator for Python
The rpncalc package adds an interactive Reverse Polish Notation (RPN) interpreter to Python. This interpreter allows the use of Python as an RPN calculator. You can easily switch between the RPN interpreter and the standard Python interpreter. Home page: http://calcrpnpy.sourceforge.net/ Changes in 2.2 * Display only 12 digits of a mpf or cmpf value. * Added stats function. * Added chebyshev module. * Added solve command. * Simplified installing user functions into the calculator. * Added on-line help. -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: os.rename copies when old is in-use - is this deliberate?
On Sat, 03 Dec 2005 22:32:22 +1300, Tony Meyer wrote: os.rename(sys.executable, d:\\python24.exe) What happens if you specify a destination file on the same drive as the source file ? -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: Is Python string immutable?
Steve Holden wrote: could ildg wrote: Will string operation in python also leave some garbage? I implemented a net-spider in python which includes many html string procession. After it running for sometime, the python exe eats up over 300M memory. Is this because the string garbages? If you create garbage in a Python program it will normally be collected and returned to free memory So far so good -- true for all Pythons. by the garbage collector, which should be run when memory is exhausted in preference to allocating more memory. True for Jython, probably true for IronPython (I don't know IronPython details), definitely not true for CPython. CPython recycles simply held memory as the last reference goes away. In CPython, only when memory is held in (or by) cyclic structures is the garbage collector needed to come in and do recycling work. Additional memory should therefore only be claimed when garbage collection fails to return sufficient free space. If cyclic data structures are created (structures in which components refer to each other even though no external references exist) this could cause problems in older versions of Python, but nowadays the garbage collector also takes pains to collect unreferenced cyclic structures. By older he means substantially older. If you have a Python = 2.0 you have no worries, the collector does cycles. It needs to get to 2.2 or so before weakrefs are handled correctly. * Python 2.4.2 (September 28, 2005) * Python 2.4 (November 30, 2004) * Python 2.3.5 (February 8, 2005) * Python 2.2.3 (May 30, 2003) * Python 2.1.3 (April 8, 2002) * Python 2.0.1 (June 2001) * Python 1.6.1 (September 2000) * Python 1.5.2 (April 1999) --Scott David Daniels [EMAIL PROTECTED] -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: CGI and long running job
[EMAIL PROTECTED] wrote: [EMAIL PROTECTED] wrote: Hello, I am using python and CGI to initiate a long running simulation (up to 5h long) on a remote machine. The main idea is that I use a form, enter the parameters and a CGI scripts start the simulation using these parameters. The structure of the script is: 1. Read paremeters 2. Display some information 3. Start the simulation For step 3 I use either os.system or os.popen(2). The problem is that the web server does not send the information of step 2 back to the browser, unless step 3 is completed. The browser simply waits for a response, without displaying anything. How can I just read the params, display the info I want, start the simulation and then terminate either the script or at least the connection to the browser without having to wait for the simulation to finish? I am using activestate python 2.4, Apache and WinXP. Thanks a lot for your help. Maybe you could use 'os.spawn' variants with the P_NOWAIT parameter... (not sure of the syntax here, it's in the doc) Good luck! Thanks for answering. I tried that but it didn't work. Nothing is sent back to the browser until the spawned process has ended. This is true even if the spawn command (or any other similar command) is the last statement of the script. Is there some way to send back to the browser whatever info I need, close the connection and then continue executing the commands I need, using the same script? -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: advice : how do you iterate with an acc ?
Jeffrey Schwab wrote: [EMAIL PROTECTED] wrote: hello, i often encounter something like: acc = []# accumulator ;) for line in fileinput.input(): if condition(line): if acc:#1 doSomething(acc)#1 acc = [] else: acc.append(line) if acc:#2 doSomething(acc)#2 Could you add a sentry to the end of your input? E.g.: for line in fileinput.input() + line_that_matches_condition: This way, you wouldn't need a separate check at the end. Check itertools for a good way to do this: import itertools SENTRY = 'something for which condition(SENTRY) is True' f = open(filename) try: for line in itertools.chain(f, [SENTRY]): if condition(line): if acc: doSomething(acc) acc = [] else: acc.append(line) assert acc == [] finally: f.close() --Scott David Daniels [EMAIL PROTECTED] -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
urllib on windows machines
I've got a strange problem on windows (not very familiar with that OS).
I can ping a host, but cannot get it via urllib (see here under).
I can even telnet the host on port 80.
Thus network seems good, but not for python ;-(.
Does any windows specialist can guide me (a poor linux user) to get
Network functionalitiies with python on windows ?
I'm runnning on Windows XP (sorry to not give more, I don't know the
equivalent of uname).
I'm using standard (msi) python-2.4.2
Thanks.
test.py contains the following lines:
import urllib
g=urllib.urlopen('http://www.google.com')
C:\Temppython test.py
Traceback (most recent call last):
File test.py, line 2, in ?
g=urllib.urlopen('http://www.google.com')
File c:\william\tools\python24\lib\urllib.py, line 77, in urlopen
return opener.open(url)
File c:\william\tools\python24\lib\urllib.py, line 185, in open
return getattr(self, name)(url)
File c:\william\tools\python24\lib\urllib.py, line 308, in
open_http
h.endheaders()
File c:\william\tools\python24\lib\httplib.py, line 795, in
endheaders
self._send_output()
File c:\william\tools\python24\lib\httplib.py, line 676, in
_send_output
self.send(msg)
File c:\william\tools\python24\lib\httplib.py, line 643, in send
self.connect()
File c:\william\tools\python24\lib\httplib.py, line 627, in connect
raise socket.error, msg
IOError: [Errno socket error] (10053, 'Software caused connection
abort')
C:\Tempping www.google.com
Pinging www.l.google.com [66.249.93.104] with 32 bytes of data:
Reply from 66.249.93.104: bytes=32 time=22ms TTL=246
Reply from 66.249.93.104: bytes=32 time=23ms TTL=246
Reply from 66.249.93.104: bytes=32 time=22ms TTL=246
Reply from 66.249.93.104: bytes=32 time=22ms TTL=246
Ping statistics for 66.249.93.104:
Packets: Sent = 4, Received = 4, Lost = 0 (0% loss),
Approximate round trip times in milli-seconds:
Minimum = 22ms, Maximum = 23ms, Average = 22ms
--
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Re: Python Unicode decimal interpretation
Martin v. Löwis wrote:
Scott David Daniels wrote:
In reading over the source for CPython's PyUnicode_EncodeDecimal,
I see a dance to handle characters which are neither dec-equiv nor
in Latin-1. Does anyone know about the intent of such a conversion?
To support this:
int(u\N{DEVANAGARI DIGIT SEVEN})
7
OK, That much I have handled. I am fiddling with direct-to-number
conversions and wondering about cases like
int(u\N{DEVANAGARI DIGIT SEVEN} + XXX
+ u\N{DEVANAGARI DIGIT SEVEN})
Where XXX does not pass the digit test, but must either:
(A) be dropped, giving a result of 77
or (B) get translated (e.g. to u'234') giving 72347
or (C) get translated (to u'2' + YYY + u'4') where YYY will
require further handling ...
I don't really understand how the ignore or something_else
cases get caused by python source [where they come from]. Are they
only there for C-program access?
In the ignore case, no output is produced at all, for the unencodable
character; this is the same way that '?' would be treated (it is
also unencodable).
If I understand you correctly -- I can consider the digit stream to stop
as soon as I hit a non-digit (except for handling bases 11-36).
In the something_else case, a user-defined exception handler could
treat the error in any way it liked, e.g. encoding all letters
u'A' to digit '0'. This might be different from the way this error
handler would treat '?'.
--Scott David Daniels
[EMAIL PROTECTED]
--
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running a c program from a python script
Help - I'm (very) new to python. I want to run run a c executable from a python script - how do I do this? Many thanks for your help, j -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: urllib on windows machines
[EMAIL PROTECTED] wrote:
I've got a strange problem on windows (not very familiar with that OS).
I can ping a host, but cannot get it via urllib (see here under).
Thus network seems good, but not for python ;-(.
Does any windows specialist can guide me (a poor linux user) to get
Network functionalitiies with python on windows ?
I'm runnning on Windows XP (sorry to not give more, I don't know the
equivalent of uname).
This part I can help you with:
import platform
platform.platform()
'Windows-2000-5.0.2195-SP4' # in my case
platform.architecture()
('32bit', 'WindowsPE')
platform.python_version()
'2.4.2'
platform.python_compiler()
'MSC v.1310 32 bit (Intel)'
platform.python_build()
(67, 'Sep 28 2005 12:41:11')
test.py contains the following lines:
import urllib
g=urllib.urlopen('http://www.google.com')
...
I'm on a Win2K 2.4.2 system, and Idle let's me do:
import urllib
g = urllib.urlopen('http://www.google.com')
g.read(12)
'htmlhead'
So off-hand, I'd suspect some firewall thingie is getting in the way.
Can you bless \Python24\python.exe and \Python24\pythonw.exe as
applications allowed to do net traffic?
--Scott David Daniels
[EMAIL PROTECTED]
--
http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: running a c program from a python script
johnclare wrote: Help - I'm (very) new to python. I want to run run a c executable from a python script - how do I do this? Many thanks for your help, j generally: import os os.execl(program_location) Look in os, Process management for further details. The next time you ask, you really should mention your OS and Python versions; the fiddley details differ. --Scott David Daniels [EMAIL PROTECTED] -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: running a c program from a python script
Great stuff, thanks, it works. -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: CGI and long running job
Le die Fri, 02 Dec 2005 20:35:52 -0800, merry.sailor ha scribite: For step 3 I use either os.system or os.popen(2). The problem is that the web server does not send the information of step 2 back to the browser, unless step 3 is completed. The browser simply waits for a response, without displaying anything. How can I just read the params, display the info I want, start the simulation and then terminate either the script or at least the connection to the browser without having to wait for the simulation to finish? Sounds weird. What if you connect to the webserver via telnet? Do you get any output? you could try to call sys.stdout.flush() in the CGI, but I never had the need to do that. Maybe it's just a browser's problem? -- Saluti, Mardy http://interlingua.altervista.org -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: Eclipse best/good or bad IDE for Python?
if it is the *best* IDE for Python. Nobody can answer this for you. Just try them all. The two I like that I don't see mentioned in this thread are PythonCard (which is free) and WingWare (which costs $30.00 but you can try for free.) bs -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
SCPocketGrades released
Dear all, I am very pleased to announce the release of SCPocketGrades V 0.1. SCPocketGrades is a GPL U3 smart drive-based grade book application. SCPocketGrades is coded in Python, wxPython, and C. SCPocketGrades' main features are: - (U3): no PC installation + data saved on smart drive (no more grading at school during the week-ends) - Multiple class management - csv import/export - share class data (ex: with substitute teacher) - Curve support - Category/weight support - Reporting (filter by date/category/assignment/student/class): Data plotting/export Html formatted report mailing (configure your email settings from the application) - Missing/excused assignment support SCPocketGrades may be found on www.snakecard.com, download section. For supported OS list, please see www.u3.com Please note that SCPocketGrades has not yet obtained the U3 logo For those interested in looking at the source code, rename SCPocketGrades.u3p to SCPocketGrades.zip and unzip. Screenshots also available. (Commercial support/customization available) Regards, Philippe -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: SCPocketGrades released
oops: www.snakecard.com/src On Sat, 03 Dec 2005 12:26:52 -0600, Philippe C. Martin wrote: Dear all, I am very pleased to announce the release of SCPocketGrades V 0.1. SCPocketGrades is a GPL U3 smart drive-based grade book application. SCPocketGrades is coded in Python, wxPython, and C. SCPocketGrades' main features are: - (U3): no PC installation + data saved on smart drive (no more grading at school during the week-ends) - Multiple class management - csv import/export - share class data (ex: with substitute teacher) - Curve support - Category/weight support - Reporting (filter by date/category/assignment/student/class): Data plotting/export Html formatted report mailing (configure your email settings from the application) - Missing/excused assignment support SCPocketGrades may be found on www.snakecard.com, download section. For supported OS list, please see www.u3.com Please note that SCPocketGrades has not yet obtained the U3 logo For those interested in looking at the source code, rename SCPocketGrades.u3p to SCPocketGrades.zip and unzip. Screenshots also available. (Commercial support/customization available) Regards, Philippe -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: Python Unicode decimal interpretation
Scott David Daniels wrote:
int(u\N{DEVANAGARI DIGIT SEVEN})
7
OK, That much I have handled. I am fiddling with direct-to-number
conversions and wondering about cases like
int(u\N{DEVANAGARI DIGIT SEVEN} + XXX
+ u\N{DEVANAGARI DIGIT SEVEN})
int() passes NULL as error mode, equalling strict. So if you get an
unencodable character, you get the UnicodeError.
I don't really understand how the ignore or something_else
cases get caused by python source [where they come from]. Are they
only there for C-program access?
Neither, nor. This code is dead.
In the ignore case, no output is produced at all, for the unencodable
character; this is the same way that '?' would be treated (it is
also unencodable).
If I understand you correctly -- I can consider the digit stream to stop
as soon as I hit a non-digit (except for handling bases 11-36).
No. In ignore mode, a codec doesn't stop at the unencodable character.
Instead, it skips it, continuing with the next character.
I mistakenly said that this would happen to '?' (question mark) also;
this is incorrect: PyUnicode_EncodeDecimal copies all Latin-1 characters
to the output, latin-1-encoded. So '?' would appear in the output,
even in ignore mode.
Handling of bases is not done in the function at all. Instead, the
callers of PyUnicode_EncodeDecimal will deal with number formats
(base, prefix, exponent syntax, etc.) They will assume ASCII
bytes.
Regards,
Martin
--
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Re: Cheapest pocket device to code python on
. I could actually touch-type on the psion (a genuine [/]pocket computer!) but I was looking forward to eventually writing a key mapper (new key layouts are always an aggravation) . my plans were snipped in the bud however, because I got cheap and tried to sneak around the warranty with a universal ac adaptor; I didn't check the voltage myself with a meter, and found out the hard way that it was putting out twice the expected voltage . apparently a lot of other people were making mistakes like that, because shortly after psion arrived from the uk, they dropped customer service for the usa -- except the corporate acct's, where they could deal with professional IT staff who didn't need their nose wiped ! On 11/26/05, Ten [EMAIL PROTECTED] wrote: I use an old epocpython on a Psion Revo Plus for jotting down python conceptsand testing out ideas, and I wouldn't be without it - especially because theRevo keyboard is usable in a way touchscreens aren't for me. It's not the most extensive python installation, and it won't stand muchearthshifting (it doesn't include some modules, like tkinter) but it's a hellof a lot of portable python considering the fact you can pick one up for around 10 to 20 squids on ebay.Better keyboard than a pda, portable python for next to nothing.--http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list -- American Dream Documentshttp://www.geocities.com/amerdreamdocs/home/(real opportunity starts with real documentation) -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Command Line drive Tk window
I have been working to build a media toolkit that uses pygame to modify image and sound data for the user. I have all of this working fine. The one thing I am working on now is adding a pop-up view for the image data as well as some pop-ups for file selection and color picking. I am having problems with the first part of this which I think will carry through to the file/color pickers but all of that is secondary anyway so not too big a deal. Basically the module is set up so after importing it must be initialized. This initializes a bunch of pygame stuff and also starts a thread to watch for user events on its windows. I just create a Pk instance and withdraw it (this is ok because this thread is run as daemon so the program won't be stalled from exiting by a window they can't see to close). Then when the user wants to view one of their images in a window they call a function in the object which converts the image to a PIL image and imports it to a Toplevel Pk window. The problem is that this window does not become visible. I did some investigation and found that if I did not withdraw my root window I could get the Toplevel to show by clicking the root window. What I think what is actually going on here is that the Tk mainloop is only looking for user events generated by the gui itself so when I try to do something from the comand line the mainloop is not looking for the event. Does anyone know of a way I can overcome this problem. I have tried creating a second loop that just keeps hitting the main window by calling update, this does not work the update stalls until I click with window just like creation of the toplevel window. Finally I have also tried cyclicly adding an after_idle call to the window so it will keep calling some function when it goes to idle figuing I could keep the main loop alive perhaps in this way. This prevented the main window from apearing at all and so this is not a good option. Any thought would be apreciated, Andrew -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: ANN: Dao Language v.0.9.6-beta is release!
On Fri, 2 Dec 2005, [EMAIL PROTECTED] wrote: Dave Hansen wrote: TAB characters are evil. They should be banned from Python source code. The interpreter should stop translation of code and throw an exception when one is encountered. Seriously. At least, I'm serious when I say that. I've never seen TAB characters solve more problems than they cause in any application. But I suspect I'm a lone voice crying in the wilderness. Regards, You're not alone. I still don't get why there is still people using real tabs as indentation. I use real tabs. To me, it seems perfectly simple - i want the line to be indented a level, so i use a tab. That's what tabs are for. And i've never, ever come across any problem with using tabs. Spaces, on the otherhand, can be annoying: using spaces means that the author's personal preference about how wide a tab should be gets embedded in the code, so if that's different to mine, i end up having to look at weird code. Navigating and editing the code with arrow-keys under a primitive editor, which one is sometimes forced to do, is also slower and more error-prone. So, could someone explain what's so evil about tabs? tom -- Space Travel is Another Word for Love! -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: urllib on windows machines
Thanks Scott
This part I can help you with:
import platform
platform.platform()
'Windows-2000-5.0.2195-SP4' # in my case
platform.architecture()
('32bit', 'WindowsPE')
platform.python_version()
'2.4.2'
platform.python_compiler()
'MSC v.1310 32 bit (Intel)'
platform.python_build()
(67, 'Sep 28 2005 12:41:11')
import platform
platform.platform()
'Windows-XP-5.1.2600'
platform.architecture()
('32bit', 'WindowsPE')
platform.python_version()
'2.4.2'
platform.python_compiler()
'MSC v.1310 32 bit (Intel)'
platform.python_build()
(67, 'Sep 28 2005 12:41:11')
So off-hand, I'd suspect some firewall thingie is getting in the way.
Can you bless \Python24\python.exe and \Python24\pythonw.exe as
applications allowed to do net traffic?
Bingo!
That's the problem: Blocked outgoing TCP - Source Local: (1898)
Destination: 67.18.1.164: http(80)
But why the telnet www.google.com 80 is wroking ?
Why Firefox is running ?
Thanks.
William
--
http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: urllib on windows machines
[EMAIL PROTECTED] wrote: ... [I said] So off-hand, I'd suspect some firewall thingie is getting in the way. Can you bless \Python24\python.exe and \Python24\pythonw.exe as applications allowed to do net traffic? Bingo! That's the problem: Blocked outgoing TCP - Source Local: (1898) Destination: 67.18.1.164: http(80) But why the telnet www.google.com 80 is wroking ? Why Firefox is running ? Because (and I'm guessing here), telnet, ftp, firefox, ... are all web-specific, and they are not regarded as possible monsters if they try to connect to the web. I'd like the chance to deny all programs that I don't expect to connect out the chance to do so, but there has got to be a way to turn it off. Maybe there are some adjustments to the program that emitted the Blocked outgoing TCP - ... message. -- -Scott David Daniels [EMAIL PROTECTED] -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: ANN: Dao Language v.0.9.6-beta is release!
Tom Anderson wrote: On Fri, 2 Dec 2005, [EMAIL PROTECTED] wrote: Dave Hansen wrote: TAB characters are evil. They should be banned from Python source code. The interpreter should stop translation of code and throw an exception when one is encountered. Seriously. At least, I'm serious when I say that. I've never seen TAB characters solve more problems than they cause in any application. So, could someone explain what's so evil about tabs? They appear in different positions on different terminals (older hard- copy), do different things on different OS's, and in general do not behave nicely. On many (but not all) systems, they advance to the next column that is a multiple of 8, but not all, and people (and editors) use them freely to get to those positions, not understanding that they are not necessarily going to the same position. The fact that they provide an ambiguous display is enough to make them evil. --Scott David Daniels [EMAIL PROTECTED] -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Python Equivalent to Text::Autoformat
I'm new to both Perl Python. Is there a Python module or script somewhere comparable to the useful Perl module - Text::Autoformat? Thanks, BS -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: ANN: Dao Language v.0.9.6-beta is release!
Scott David Daniels wrote: Tom Anderson wrote: So, could someone explain what's so evil about tabs? They appear in different positions on different terminals (older hard- copy), do different things on different OS's, and in general do not behave nicely. On many (but not all) systems, they advance to the next column that is a multiple of 8, but not all, and people (and editors) use them freely to get to those positions, not understanding that they are not necessarily going to the same position. The fact that they provide an ambiguous display is enough to make them evil. How is that a problem that some editors use 8 columns for tabs and others use less? So what? A bigger problem I see is people using only 2 or 3 spaces for indenting. That makes large amounts of code much less readable. And of course it is a problem if you mix tabs and spaces at the beginning of the same line. Tabs are easier to type (one keystroke each) and lead to visually better results (greater indentation unless you like hitting 8 spaces for each indent level). -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: CGI and long running job
Hello Mardy, thanks a lot for your help. I found the problem. Your suggestion made me look into some things I haven't thought before :-). I don't know if it is a browser/server/mine fault. The problem was that I was sending text/plain and a txt file. I soon as I started sending back to the browser text/html and an html file, I started getting the things I wanted on screen, but the browser still waited for the script to terminate, which resulted in a timeout. After I also closed stdout, everything worked fine. The strange thing is that I tried closing stdout with the plain text before, but it didn't work. -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: ANN: Dao Language v.0.9.6-beta is release!
D H enlightened us with: How is that a problem that some editors use 8 columns for tabs and others use less? So what? I don't care either. I always use tabs, and my code is always readable. Some people suggest one indents with four spaces, and replaces eight spaces of indenting with a tab. Now _that_ is irritating, since my editor's tab size is set to 4. Tabs are easier to type (one keystroke each) That depends on your editor. Mine (vim) can be instructed to insert the appropriate amount of spaces on a tab, and remove them on a backspace. Sybren -- The problem with the world is stupidity. Not saying there should be a capital punishment for stupidity, but why don't we just take the safety labels off of everything and let the problem solve itself? Frank Zappa -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: advice : how do you iterate with an acc ?
On 3 Dec 2005 03:28:19 -0800, [EMAIL PROTECTED] wrote:
Bengt Richter wrote:
On 2 Dec 2005 18:34:12 -0800, [EMAIL PROTECTED] wrote:
Bengt Richter wrote:
It looks to me like itertools.groupby could get you close to what you
want,
e.g., (untested)
Ah, groupby. The generic string.split() equivalent. But the doc said
the input needs to be sorted.
seq = [3,1,4,'t',0,3,4,2,'t',3,1,4]
import itertools
def condition(item): return item=='t'
...
def dosomething(it): return 'doing something with %r'%list(it)
...
for condresult, acciter in itertools.groupby(seq, condition):
... if not condresult:
... dosomething(acciter)
...
'doing something with [3, 1, 4]'
'doing something with [0, 3, 4, 2]'
'doing something with [3, 1, 4]'
I think the input only needs to be sorted if you a trying to group sorted
subsequences of the input.
I.e., you can't get them extracted together unless the condition is
satisfied for a contiguous group, which
only happens if the input is sorted. But AFAIK the grouping logic just scans
and applies key condition
and returns iterators for the subsequences that yield the same key function
result, along with that result.
So it's a general subsequence extractor. You just have to supply the key
function to make the condition value
change when a group ends and a new one begins. And the value can be
arbitrary, or just toggle beween two values, e.g.
for condresult, acciter in itertools.groupby(range(20), lambda x:x%3==0
or x==5):
... print '%6s: %r'%(condresult, list(acciter))
...
True: [0]
False: [1, 2]
True: [3]
False: [4]
True: [5, 6]
False: [7, 8]
True: [9]
False: [10, 11]
True: [12]
False: [13, 14]
True: [15]
False: [16, 17]
True: [18]
False: [19]
or a condresult that stays the same in groups, but every group result is
different:
for condresult, acciter in itertools.groupby(range(20), lambda x:x//3):
... print '%6s: %r'%(condresult, list(acciter))
...
0: [0, 1, 2]
1: [3, 4, 5]
2: [6, 7, 8]
3: [9, 10, 11]
4: [12, 13, 14]
5: [15, 16, 17]
6: [18, 19]
Thanks. So it basically has an internal state storing the last
condition result and if it flips(different), a new group starts.
So it appears. But note that flips(different) seems to be based on ==,
and default key function is just passthrough like lambda x:x, so e.g. integers
and floats will group together if their values are equal.
E.g., to elucidate further,
Default key function:
from itertools import groupby
for k,g in groupby([0, 0.0, 0j, [], (), None, 1, 1.0, 1j]):
... print k, list(g)
...
0 [0, 0.0, 0j]
[] [[]]
() [()]
None [None]
1 [1, 1.0]
1j [1j]
Group by bool value:
for k,g in groupby([0, 0.0, 0j, [], (), None, 1, 1.0, 1j], key=bool):
... print k, list(g)
...
False [0, 0.0, 0j, [], (), None]
True [1, 1.0, 1j]
It's not trying to sort, so it doesn't trip on complex
for k,g in groupby([0, 0.0, 0j, [], (), None, 1, 1.0, 1j, 2j]):
... print k, list(g)
...
0 [0, 0.0, 0j]
[] [[]]
() [()]
None [None]
1 [1, 1.0]
1j [1j]
2j [2j]
But you have to watch out if you try to pre-sort stuff that includes complex
numbers
for k,g in groupby(sorted([0, 0.0, 0j, [], (), None, 1, 1.0, 1j, 2j])):
... print k, list(g)
...
Traceback (most recent call last):
File stdin, line 1, in ?
TypeError: cannot compare complex numbers using , =, , =
And if you do sort using a key function, it doesn't mean groupy inherits that
keyfunction for grouping
unless you specify it
def keyfun(x):
... if isinstance(x, (int, long, float)): return x
... else: return type(x).__name__
...
for k,g in groupby(sorted([0, 0.0, 0j, [], (), None, 1, 1.0, 1j, 2j],
key=keyfun)):
... print k, list(g)
...
0 [0, 0.0]
1 [1, 1.0]
None [None]
0j [0j]
1j [1j]
2j [2j]
[] [[]]
() [()]
Vs giving groupby the same keyfun
for k,g in groupby(sorted([0, 0.0, 0j, [], (), None, 1, 1.0, 1j, 2j],
key=keyfun), keyfun):
... print k, list(g)
...
0 [0, 0.0]
1 [1, 1.0]
NoneType [None]
complex [0j, 1j, 2j]
list [[]]
tuple [()]
Exmple of unsorted vs sorted subgroup extraction:
for k,g in groupby('this that other thing note order'.split(), key=lambda
s:s[0]):
... print k, list(g)
...
t ['this', 'that']
o ['other']
t ['thing']
n ['note']
o ['order']
vs.
for k,g in groupby(sorted('this that other thing note order'.split()),
key=lambda s:s[0]):
... print k, list(g)
...
n ['note']
o ['order', 'other']
t ['that', 'thing', 'this']
Oops, that key would be less brittle as (untested) key=lambda s:s[:1], e.g., in
case a split with args was used.
Regards,
Bengt Richter
--
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Convention for C functions success/failure
Hello, What is the convention for writing C functions which don't return a value, but can fail? If I understand correctly, 1. PyArg_ParseTuple returns 0 on failure and 1 on success. 2. PySet_Add returns -1 on failure and 0 on success. Am I correct? What should I do with new C functions that I write? Thanks, Noam -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Checking length of each argument - seems like I'm fighting Python
There must be an easy way to do this: For classes that contain very simple data tables, I like to do something like this: class Things(Object): def __init__(self, x, y, z): #assert that x, y, and z have the same length But I can't figure out a _simple_ way to check the arguments have the same length, since len(scalar) throws an exception. The only ways around this I've found so far are a) Cast each to a numeric array, and check it's dimension and shape. This seems like far too many dependencies for a simple task: def sLen(x): determines the number of items in x. Returns 1 if x is a scalar. Returns 0 if x is None xt = numeric.array(x) if xt == None: return 0 elif xt.rank == 0: return 1 else: return xt.shape[0] b) use a separate 'Thing' object, and make the 'Things' initializer work only with Thing objects. This seems like way too much structure to me. c) Don't bother checking the initializer, and wait until the problem shows up later. Maybe this is the 'dynamic' way, but it seems a little fragile. Is there a simpler way to check that either all arguments are scalars, or all are lists of the same length? Is this a poor way to structure things? Your advice is appreciated Brendan -- Brendan Simons -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: Checking length of each argument - seems like I'm fighting Python
* Brendan ([EMAIL PROTECTED]) wrote: [...] Is there a simpler way to check that either all arguments are scalars, or all are lists of the same length? Is this a poor way to structure things? Your advice is appreciated Disclaimer: I am new to python, so this may be a bad solution. import types def __init__(self,x,y,z): isOK = False if ( (type(x) == types.IntType) and (type(y) == types.IntType) and (type(z) == types.IntType) ): isOK = True if ( (type(x) == types.ListType) and (type(x) == types.ListType) and (type(x) == types.ListType) ): if ( (len(x) == len(y)) and (len(x) == len(z)) ): isOK = True HTH, mike -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
distutils problem windows xp python 2.4.2
Hello I tried to combine c++ and python together.
So I follow from this website:
http://kortis.to/radix/python_ext/
I have this code:
# prmodule.c
static PyObject *pr_isprime(PyObject *self, PyObject *args){
int n, input;
if (!PyArg_ParseTuple(args, i, input))
return NULL;
if (input 1) {
return Py_BuildValue(i, 0);
}
n = input - 1;
while (n 1){
if (input%n == 0) return Py_BuildValue(i, 0);;
n--;
}
return Py_BuildValue(i, 1);
}
static PyMethodDef PrMethods[] = {
{isprime, pr_isprime, METH_VARARGS, Check if prime.},
{NULL, NULL, 0, NULL}
};
void initpr(void){
(void) Py_InitModule(pr, PrMethods);
}
and my setup.py file:
from distutils.core import setup, Extension
module = Extension('pr', sources = ['prmodule.c'])
setup(name = 'Pr test', version = '1.0', ext_modules = [module])
If I run setup build
I've got the following error message
running build
running build_ext
error: The .NET Framework SDK needs to be installed before building
extensions for Python.
I use visual Studio 2005.
Thanks,
pujo
--
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Re: Checking length of each argument - seems like I'm fighting Python
Brendan [EMAIL PROTECTED] wrote: ... def sLen(x): determines the number of items in x. Returns 1 if x is a scalar. Returns 0 if x is None xt = numeric.array(x) if xt == None: return 0 elif xt.rank == 0: return 1 else: return xt.shape[0] Simpler: def sLen(x): if x is None: return 0 try: return len(x) except TypeError: return 1 Depending on how you define a scalar, of course; in most applications, a string is to be treated as a scalar, yet it responds to len(...), so you'd have to specialcase it. Alex -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: Checking length of each argument - seems like I'm fighting Python
It depends what you mean by 'scalar'. If you mean in the Perlish sense
(ie, numbers, strings and references), then that's really the only way
to do it in Python - there's no such thing as 'scalar context' or
anything - a list is an object just as much as a number is.
So, assuming you want a Things object to break if either a) all three
arguments aren't sequences of the same length, or b) all three
arguments aren't a number (or string, or whatever), this should work:
#Not tested.
class Things(object):
def __init__(self, x, y, z):
try:
if not (len(x) == len(y) and len(y) == len(z)):
raise ValueError('Things don't match up.')
except TypeError:
#one of x, y or z doesn't do __len__
#check if they're all ints, then.
if not (isinstance(x, int) and isinstance(y, int) and
isinstance(z, int)):
raise ValuError('Things don't match up')
#do stuff.
Personally, I find nothing wrong with having a separate Thing object
that can do validation for itself, and I think it's a pleasantly object
oriented solution
I'm also wondering why something like this could accept something other
than sequences if it depends on their length. If you just want to treat
non-sequences as lists with one value, then something like this is more
appropriate, and might lead to less redundancy in other places:
def listify(obj):
try:
return list(obj)
except TypeError
return [obj]
class Things(object):
def __init__(self, *args):
x, y, z = [listify(arg) for arg in args]
if not (len(x) == len(y) and len(y) == len(z)):
raise ValueError('Things don't match up')
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Re: distutils problem windows xp python 2.4.2
[EMAIL PROTECTED] wrote:
Hello I tried to combine c++ and python together.
So I follow from this website:
http://kortis.to/radix/python_ext/
and my setup.py file:
from distutils.core import setup, Extension
module = Extension('pr', sources = ['prmodule.c'])
setup(name = 'Pr test', version = '1.0', ext_modules = [module])
If I run setup build
I've got the following error message
running build
running build_ext
error: The .NET Framework SDK needs to be installed before building
extensions for Python.
I use visual Studio 2005.
Thanks,
pujo
You might take a look at:
http://groups.google.com/group/comp.lang.python/msg/2341e3ac80ae5052?dmode=source
it provides code to change your setup code to:
from distutils.core import setup, Extension
module = Extension('pr', sources = ['prmodule.c'])
for attempts in range(2):
try:
setup(name='Pr test',
version='1.0',
ext_modules=[module])
except SystemExit, e: pass # Failure. Patch and try again
else: break # Successful run, no need to retry.
print '*** Apparently a failure:', e.args[0]
print '*** Patching and trying again'
import patch_msvccompiler
--Scott David Daniels
[EMAIL PROTECTED]
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Re: CGI module does not parse data
amfr [EMAIL PROTECTED] wrote: import cgi form = cgi.FieldStorage() print form[test] print test I would only be able to see test, not hello world I am sure its not my browser Did you mean: print form[test].value -- - Tim Roberts, [EMAIL PROTECTED] Providenza Boekelheide, Inc. -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: CGI and long running job
[EMAIL PROTECTED] wrote:
Hello,
I am using python and CGI to initiate a long running simulation (up to
5h long) on a remote machine. The main idea is that I use a form, enter
the parameters and a CGI scripts start the simulation using these
parameters. The structure of the script is:
1. Read paremeters
2. Display some information
3. Start the simulation
For step 3 I use either os.system or os.popen(2). The problem is that
the web server does not send the information of step 2 back to the
browser, unless step 3 is completed. The browser simply waits for a
response, without displaying anything. How can I just read the params,
display the info I want, start the simulation and then terminate either
the script or at least the connection to the browser without having to
wait for the simulation to finish?
You need to close stdout, which closes the socket and allows the browser to
finish. This is what I use:
# We flush stdout, fork, then close stdout. This closes the HTTP socket,
# allowing the browser to continue while we munge with sendmail.
sys.stdout.flush()
if os.fork(): return
fw = open('/dev/null','w')
os.dup2(fw.fileno(),1)
os.dup2(fw.fileno(),2)
--
- Tim Roberts, [EMAIL PROTECTED]
Providenza Boekelheide, Inc.
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Function to retrieve running script
Is there a function that allows one to get the name of the same script running returned as a string? Thanks, Harlin Seritt -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Scientific Notation
How can I get a number into scientific notation? I have a preference for the format '1 E 50' (as an example), but if it's well known, it works. -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: Function to retrieve running script
Harlin Seritt [EMAIL PROTECTED] wrote: Is there a function that allows one to get the name of the same script running returned as a string? Something like: import sys def f(): return sys.modules['__main__'].__file__ might help. Alex -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: Checking length of each argument - seems like I'm fighting Python
Sam Pointon [EMAIL PROTECTED] wrote:
...
So, assuming you want a Things object to break if either a) all three
arguments aren't sequences of the same length, or b) all three
arguments aren't a number (or string, or whatever), this should work:
#Not tested.
class Things(object):
def __init__(self, x, y, z):
try:
if not (len(x) == len(y) and len(y) == len(z)):
raise ValueError('Things don't match up.')
Careful though: this does NOT treat a string as a scalar, as per your
parenthetical note, but rather as a sequence, since it does respond
correctly to len(...). You may need to specialcase with checks on
something like isinstance(x,basestring) if you want to treat strings as
scalars.
Alex
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Re: Scientific Notation
Dustan [EMAIL PROTECTED] wrote: How can I get a number into scientific notation? I have a preference for the format '1 E 50' (as an example), but if it's well known, it works. You mean something like: print '%e' % (1e50) 1.00e+50 ...? Alex -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: Scientific Notation
No, I mean given a big number, such as 1000, convert it into scientific notation. -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: Scientific Notation
In article [EMAIL PROTECTED], Dustan [EMAIL PROTECTED] wrote: 1000 print %e % 1000 1.00e+51 -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: Scientific Notation
Roy Smith [EMAIL PROTECTED] wrote: In article [EMAIL PROTECTED], Dustan [EMAIL PROTECTED] wrote: 1000 print %e % 1000 1.00e+51 Exactly: the %e builds a ``scientific-notation string from whatever number you're formatting that way (big or small). You can also use %g if what you want is fixed-point notation within a certain range and scientific notations only for numbers OUTSIDE that range, as in: print '%g' % 10**5 10 print '%g' % 10**50 1e+50 Alex -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: Scientific Notation
Dustan [EMAIL PROTECTED] writes: No, I mean given a big number, such as 1000, convert it into scientific notation. It's the same. print %e % 1000 1.00e+51 -- Jorge Godoy [EMAIL PROTECTED] -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
How to execute an EXE via os.system() with spaces in the directory name?
I am trying to run an exe within a python script, but I'm having trouble with spaces in the directory name. The following example will display the usage statement of the program, so I know that the space in the path to the exe is being handled correctly and that the program was executed. CMD= r'C:\program files\some directory\engine\theexe.exe' os.system(CMD) But the required argument for the exe require a path to a file to be specified. When I try to run the following, os.system(CMD2) CMD2= r'C:\program files\some directory\engine\theexe.exe C:\program files\some directory\engine\file.txt' I get this error: Unable to open file C:\Program So, it looks to me like the space in the path for the argument is causing it to fail. Does anyone have any suggestions that could help me out? Thanks, Steve -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
regexp non-greedy matching bug?
I want to match one or two instances of a pattern in a string. According to the docs for the 're' module ( http://python.org/doc/current/lib/re-syntax.html ) the '?' qualifier is greedy by default, and adding a '?' after a qualifier makes it non-greedy. The *, +, and ? qualifiers are all greedy... Adding ? after the qualifier makes it perform the match in non-greedy or minimal fashion... In the following example, though my re is intended to allow for 1 or 2 instinces of 'foo', there are 2 in the string I'm matching. So, I would expect group(1) and group(3) to both be populated. (When I remove the conditional match on the 2nd foo, the grouping is as I expect.) $ python2.4 Python 2.4.1 (#2, Mar 31 2005, 00:05:10) [GCC 3.3 20030304 (Apple Computer, Inc. build 1666)] on darwin Type help, copyright, credits or license for more information. import re foofoo = re.compile(r'^(foo)(.*?)(foo)?(.*?)$') foofoo.match(s).group(0) 'foobarbazfoobar' foofoo.match(s).group(1) 'foo' foofoo.match(s).group(2) '' foofoo.match(s).group(3) foofoo.match(s).group(4) 'barbazfoobar' foofoo = re.compile(r'^(foo)(.*?)(foo)(.*?)$') foofoo.match(s).group(0) 'foobarbazfoobar' foofoo.match(s).group(1) 'foo' foofoo.match(s).group(2) 'barbaz' foofoo.match(s).group(3) 'foo' foofoo.match(s).group(4) 'bar' So, is this a bug, or just a problem with my understanding? If it's my brain that's broken, what's the proper way to do this with regexps? And, if the above is expected behavior, should I submit a doc bug? It's clear that the ? qualifier (applied to the second foo group) is _not_ greedy in this situation. -John -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: How to execute an EXE via os.system() with spaces in the directory name?
This comes up from time to time. The brain damage is all Windows', not Python's. Here's one thread which seems to suggest a bizarre doubling of the initial quote of the commandline. http://groups.google.com/group/comp.lang.python/browse_frm/thread/89d94656ea393d5b/ef40a65017848671 pgp1T5KPY01oo.pgp Description: PGP signature -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: How to execute an EXE via os.system() with spaces in the directory name?
I don't have any problems with spaces in the folders. just for debugging, you could probably try os.system(CMD.replace(\\, /) On 3 Dec 2005 19:16:10 -0800, [EMAIL PROTECTED] [EMAIL PROTECTED] wrote: I am trying to run an exe within a python script, but I'm having trouble with spaces in the directory name. The following example will display the usage statement of the program, so I know that the space in the path to the exe is being handled correctly and that the program was executed. CMD= r'C:\program files\some directory\engine\theexe.exe' os.system(CMD) But the required argument for the exe require a path to a file to be specified. When I try to run the following, os.system(CMD2) CMD2= r'C:\program files\some directory\engine\theexe.exe C:\program files\some directory\engine\file.txt' I get this error: Unable to open file C:\Program So, it looks to me like the space in the path for the argument is causing it to fail. Does anyone have any suggestions that could help me out? Thanks, Steve -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: regexp non-greedy matching bug?
My understanding of .*? and its ilk is that they will match as little as is possible for the rest of the pattern to match, like .* will match as much as possible. In the first instance, the first (.*?) did not have to match anything, because all of the rest of the pattern can be matched 0 or more times. I think that such a situation (non-greedy operator followed by operators that match 0 or more times) will never match. However, in the second instance, it has to match something later on in the string, so it will capture something. I believe that this is an operator precedence problem (greedy ? losing to .*?), but is to be expected. So, if this is the case, by all means it should be added in a note to the docs. However, I am not a regular expression expert, so my analysis of the situation may be well off the mark. -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
SOAPpy SOAP and/or WSDL Question
Hi all, I am relatively weak in Python and I need some help with this. I have built a series of SOAP client functions that ping, authenticate (password username), and query a SOAP server. All works well but I cannt figure out on part of the download SOAP outgoing message. I also tried WSDL and cann't figure it out. The problem: there is one element called: u'documents' whos type is: (u'http://www.ExchangeNetwork.net/schema/v1.0/node.xsd', u'ArrayOfNodeDocument') I don't know how to make an ArrayOfNodeDocument for an element document. I have tried everything I can think of but I didn't have any luck. Tried to send a variable with the SOAP message as the variable but the httplib method I used gave me an error: gaierror: (11001, 'getaddrinfo failed'). Does anyone know how to deal with this? I would appreciate some code if possible. P.S. I don't know XML-RPC Cheers, -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: Checking length of each argument - seems like I'm fighting Python
Brendan wrote: ... class Things(Object): def __init__(self, x, y, z): #assert that x, y, and z have the same length But I can't figure out a _simple_ way to check the arguments have the same length, since len(scalar) throws an exception. The only ways around this I've found so far are ... b) use a separate 'Thing' object, and make the 'Things' initializer work only with Thing objects. This seems like way too much structure to me. Yes, but depending on what you want to do with Things, it might indeed make sense to convert its arguments to a common sequence type, say a list. safelist is barely more complex than sLen, and may simplify downstream steps. def safelist(obj): Construct a list from any object. if obj is None: return [] if isinstance(obj, (basestring, int)): return [obj] if isinstance(obj, list): return obj try: return list(obj) except TypeError: return [obj] class Things(object): def __init__(self, *args): self.args = map(safelist, args) assert len(set(len(obj) for obj in self.args)) == 1 def __repr__(self): return Things%s % self.args Things(0,1,2) Things[[0], [1], [2]] Things(range(2),xrange(2),(0,1)) Things[[0, 1], [0, 1], [0, 1]] Things(None, 0,1) Traceback (most recent call last): File input, line 1, in ? File C:\Documents and Settings\Michael\My Documents\PyDev\Junk\safelist.py, line 32, in __init__ assert len(set(len(obj) for obj in self.args)) == 1 AssertionError Michael -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: How to execute an EXE via os.system() with spaces in the directory name?
[EMAIL PROTECTED] wrote: This comes up from time to time. The brain damage is all Windows', not Python's. Here's one thread which seems to suggest a bizarre doubling of the initial quote of the commandline. http://groups.google.com/group/comp.lang.python/browse_frm/thread/89d94656ea393d5b/ef40a65017848671 It can't all be Windows' brain damage, since typing precisely the same command at the prompt (at least with the example I'm using) doesn't require doubling the initial quote of the command line. Or, more precisely, Windows is brain damaged in at least two different places here, and the shell is only one of them... Also it appears the issue may be more the fact that the second argument *also* has quotation marks (regardless of whether it has a space in it or not). It's only then (it seems) that the silly double initial quotation mark is required. Either way, brain damage definitely describes it. -Peter -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
newbie write to file question
Hi,
I'm trying to create a script that will search an SGML file for the
numbers and titles of the hierarchical elements (section level
headings) and create a dictionary with the section number as the key
and the title as the value.
I've managed to make some progress but I'd like to get some general
feedback on my progress so far plus ask a question. When I run this
script on a directory that contains multiple files even the files that
don't contain any matches generate log files and usually with the
contents of the last file that contained matches. I'm not sure what I'm
missing so I'd appreciate some advice.
Thanks,
Greg
Here's a very simplified version of my SGML:
sec-main no=1.01titlesection title 1.01
sec-sub1 no=1titletitle 1
sec-sub1 no=2titletitle 2
sec-sub2 no=atitletitle a
sec-sub2 no=btitletitle b
sec-sub3 no=ititletitle i
sec-main no=2.02titlesection title 2.02
sec-main no=3.03titlesection title 3.03
sec-sub1 no=1titletitle 1
sec-sub1 no=2titletitle 2
sec-main no=4.04titlesection title 4.04
sec-main no=5.05titlesection title 5.05
And here's what I written so far:
import os
import re
setpath = raw_input(Enter the path where the program should run: )
print
table ={}
for root, dirs, files in os.walk(setpath):
fname = files
for fname in files:
inputFile = file(os.path.join(root,fname), 'r')
while 1:
lines = inputFile.readlines(1)
if not lines:
break
for line in lines:
main = re.search(r'(?i)sec-main
no=\(\d+\.\d\d)\\n?title(.*?)\n' , line)
sub_one = re.search(r'(?i)sec-sub1
no=\(\w*)\\n?title(.*?)\n' , line)
sub_two = re.search(r'(?i)sec-sub2
no=\(\w*)\\n?title(.*?)\n' , line)
sub_three = re.search(r'(?i)sec-sub3
no=\(\w*)\\n?title(.*?)\n' , line)
if main is not None:
table[main.group(1)] = main.group(2)
m = main.group(1)
if main is None:
pass
if sub_one is not None:
one = m + '[' + sub_one.group(1) + ']'
table[one] = sub_one.group(2)
if sub_one is None:
pass
if sub_two is not None:
two = one + '[' + sub_two.group(1) + ']'
table[two] = sub_two.group(2)
if sub_two is None:
pass
if sub_three is not None:
three = two + '[' + sub_three.group(1) + ']'
table[three] = sub_three.group(2)
if sub_three is None:
pass
str_table = str(table)
(name,ext) = os.path.splitext(fname)
output_name = name + '.log'
outputFile =
file(os.path.join(root,output_name), 'w')
outputFile.write(str_table)
outputFile.close()
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Re: Function to retrieve running script
Harlin Seritt [EMAIL PROTECTED] writes: Is there a function that allows one to get the name of the same script running returned as a string? The questions a little ambiguous, but one answer might be: import sys myname = sys.argv[0] mike -- Mike Meyer [EMAIL PROTECTED] http://www.mired.org/home/mwm/ Independent WWW/Perforce/FreeBSD/Unix consultant, email for more information. -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: regexp non-greedy matching bug?
[John Hazen]
I want to match one or two instances of a pattern in a string.
According to the docs for the 're' module
( http://python.org/doc/current/lib/re-syntax.html ) the '?' qualifier
is greedy by default, and adding a '?' after a qualifier makes it
non-greedy.
The *, +, and ? qualifiers are all greedy...
Adding ? after the qualifier makes it perform the match in
non-greedy or minimal fashion...
In the following example, though my re is intended to allow for 1 or 2
instinces of 'foo', there are 2 in the string I'm matching. So, I would
expect group(1) and group(3) to both be populated. (When I remove the
conditional match on the 2nd foo, the grouping is as I expect.)
$ python2.4
Python 2.4.1 (#2, Mar 31 2005, 00:05:10)
[GCC 3.3 20030304 (Apple Computer, Inc. build 1666)] on darwin
Type help, copyright, credits or license for more information.
import re
foofoo = re.compile(r'^(foo)(.*?)(foo)?(.*?)$')
foofoo.match(s).group(0)
'foobarbazfoobar'
foofoo.match(s).group(1)
'foo'
foofoo.match(s).group(2)
''
foofoo.match(s).group(3)
foofoo.match(s).group(4)
'barbazfoobar'
Your problem isn't that
(foo)?
is not greedy (it is greedy), it's that your first
(.*?)
is not greedy. Remember that regexps also work left to right. When
you coded your first
(.*?)
you're asking (because of the '?') the regexp engine to chew up the
fewest possible number of characters at that point such that the
_rest_ of the regexp _can_ match. By chewing up no characters at all,
the rest of the regexp can in fact match, so that's what the engine
did -- your second
(foo)?
is optional, telling the engine you don't require that `foo` to match.
The engine took you at your word about that ;-)
foofoo = re.compile(r'^(foo)(.*?)(foo)(.*?)$')
In this case your second `foo` is not optional. The behavior wrt the first
(.*?)
really doesn't change: the regexp engine again chews up the fewest
number of characters at that point such that the rest of the regexp
can match. But because your second `foo` isn't optional in this case,
the engine can't get away with matching 0 characters in this case. It
still matches the fewest number it can match there, though (consistent
with the rest of the pattern matching too).
foofoo.match(s).group(0)
'foobarbazfoobar'
foofoo.match(s).group(1)
'foo'
foofoo.match(s).group(2)
'barbaz'
foofoo.match(s).group(3)
'foo'
foofoo.match(s).group(4)
'bar'
So, is this a bug, or just a problem with my understanding?
The behavior is what I expected ;-)
If it's my brain that's broken, what's the proper way to do this with regexps?
Sorry, I'm unclear on (exactly) what it is you're trying to
accomplish. Maybe what you're looking for is
^P(.*P)?.*$
?
And, if the above is expected behavior, should I submit a doc bug? It's
clear that the ? qualifier (applied to the second foo group) is _not_
greedy in this situation.
See above: that's not only not clear, it's not true. Consider a
related but much simpler example:
m = re.match(r'a(b)?(b)?c', 'abc')
m.groups()
('b', None)
Both instances of
(b)?
are greedy there, and that the second one didn't match b does not
mean that the second one is not greedy. It _couldn't_ match without
violating that the _first_ is greedy, and the first wins because
regexps work left to right. It may be harder to see that the same
principle is at work in your example, but it is: your second (foo)?
couldn't match without violating that your first (.*?) asks for a
minimal match. My
^P(.*P)?.*$
above asks the engine to match two instances of P if possible, but to
settle for one if that's all it can find.
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Re: regexp non-greedy matching bug?
John Hazen [EMAIL PROTECTED] writes:
I want to match one or two instances of a pattern in a string.
Then you should be using the split() method of the match object on the
pattern in question.
According to the docs for the 're' module
( http://python.org/doc/current/lib/re-syntax.html ) the '?' qualifier
is greedy by default, and adding a '?' after a qualifier makes it
non-greedy.
The *, +, and ? qualifiers are all greedy...
Adding ? after the qualifier makes it perform the match in
non-greedy or minimal fashion...
The thing to understand is that regular expressions are *search*
functions, that return the first parsing that matches. They search a
space of possible matches to each term in the expression. If some term
fails to match, the preceeding term goes on to its next match, and you
try again. The greedy vs. non-greedy describes the order that the
term in question tries matches. If it's greedy, it will try the
longest possible match first. If it's non-greedy, it'll try the
shortest possible match first.
$ python2.4
Python 2.4.1 (#2, Mar 31 2005, 00:05:10)
[GCC 3.3 20030304 (Apple Computer, Inc. build 1666)] on darwin
Type help, copyright, credits or license for more information.
import re
foofoo = re.compile(r'^(foo)(.*?)(foo)?(.*?)$')
foofoo.match(s).group(0)
'foobarbazfoobar'
foofoo.match(s).group(1)
'foo'
foofoo.match(s).group(2)
''
foofoo.match(s).group(3)
foofoo.match(s).group(4)
'barbazfoobar'
First, this pattern doesn't look for one or two instances of foo in
a string. It looks for a string that starts with foo and maybe has a
second foo in it as well.
Here's what it does:
^ must match the beginning of the string (BTW, you can get the same
behavior by leaving off the ^ and using search instead of match).
(foo) must match the first foo.
(.*?) is non-greedy, so it tries the shortest thing that matches, the
empty string.
(foo)? matches what's next in the string by matching 0 occurrences of
(foo).
(.*?) tries the empty string as well.
$ fails to match the end of the string, so we backtrack, and the
second (.*?) tries again, adding a character. This keeps on until the
(.*?) matches the rest of the string and the $ succeeds.
Here, the only pattern that gets retried is the last one. It keeps
adding characters until it swallows the remainder of the string. This
is exactly what's expected. You can't change this behavior with
greedy/non-greedy, as that last term will always try searching the
entire string before it fails and the preceeding (foo)? gets to try
something else.
foofoo = re.compile(r'^(foo)(.*?)(foo)(.*?)$')
foofoo.match(s).group(0)
'foobarbazfoobar'
foofoo.match(s).group(1)
'foo'
foofoo.match(s).group(2)
'barbaz'
foofoo.match(s).group(3)
'foo'
foofoo.match(s).group(4)
'bar'
This time, the second (foo) keeps failing, forcing the first (.*?) to
add characters until the (foo) succeeds.
So, is this a bug, or just a problem with my understanding? If it's my
brain that's broken, what's the proper way to do this with regexps?
To do what you said you want to do, you want to use the split method:
foo = re.compile('foo')
if 2 = len(foo.split(s)) = 3:
print We had one or two 'foo's
As the founder of SPARE, I'd say the proper way to do this is with
string methods:
if 2 = len(s.split('foo')) = 3:
print We had one or two 'foo's
Where the two split's will produce exactly the same things.
You might be able to match starts with 'foo' and has at most one
other 'foo' with lookahead patternds, but I'm not going to go into
that. If you really need the string to start with foo, I'd just use
s.startswith('foo') to check it.
mike
--
Mike Meyer [EMAIL PROTECTED] http://www.mired.org/home/mwm/
Independent WWW/Perforce/FreeBSD/Unix consultant, email for more information.
--
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Re: Python Equivalent to Text::Autoformat
Google is your freind. Try searching for: python text wrapping - Paddy. -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: Checking length of each argument - seems like I'm fighting Python
Brendan [EMAIL PROTECTED] writes: There must be an easy way to do this: Not necessarily. For classes that contain very simple data tables, I like to do something like this: class Things(Object): def __init__(self, x, y, z): #assert that x, y, and z have the same length But I can't figure out a _simple_ way to check the arguments have the same length, since len(scalar) throws an exception. The only ways around this I've found so far are You've gotten a number of suggestions about how to type check things. To me, the need to type check things indicates that your API has problems. In particular, when you're doing it on arguments, it's indicative of trying to do the C++ thing of dispatching based on the types of the arguments. Given duck typing, this is nearly impossible to do correctly. Is there a simpler way to check that either all arguments are scalars, or all are lists of the same length? Is this a poor way to structure things? Your advice is appreciated I'd say your better off providing two different interfaces to Thing. The hard-core OO way would look like: class Thing(object): def use_lists(self, x, y, z): assert len(x) == len(y) == len(z) self.x, self.y, self.z = x, y, z def use_scalars(self, x, y, z): self.x, self.y, self.z = x, y, z This allows things that type-checking can't do. For instance, the user can treat strings as either a scalar or sequence, their choice. If you do the type-checking, you'll have to choose one case and stick with it. Also, I suspect that you can actually change do_scalars to something like self.x, self.y, self.z = [x], [y], [z] and then the rest of your code will get simpler because it only has to deal with lists. You might also make use optional arguments, and check that you get passed a proper subset: class Thing(object): def __init__(self, x = None, y = None, z = None, scalars = None): if scalars: if x is not None or y is not None or z is not None: raise ValueError, If present, scalars must be the only argument. self.x, self.y, self.z = scalars elif not (x is not None and y is not None and z is not None): raise ValueError, You must specify all of x, y and z else: assert len(x) == len(y) == len(z) self.x, self.y, self.z = x, y, z etc. mike -- Mike Meyer [EMAIL PROTECTED] http://www.mired.org/home/mwm/ Independent WWW/Perforce/FreeBSD/Unix consultant, email for more information. -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Python package installing rationale
In almost any case I install a Python package via distutils some directories in the package tree are left behind e.g. the docs, licenses, tests etc. I wonder if there is some rationale behind this? Should it be left to the creative freedom of the user to copy the docs whereever she wants or is there a dedicated place for them and if any why isn't it simple to declare it in the setup script? -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: Python package installing rationale
Kay Schluehr wrote: In almost any case I install a Python package via distutils some directories in the package tree are left behind e.g. the docs, licenses, tests etc. I wonder if there is some rationale behind this? Should it be left to the creative freedom of the user to copy the docs whereever she wants or is there a dedicated place for them and if any why isn't it simple to declare it in the setup script? There is no such dedicated place. Or rather, there are quite a lot of them depending on the system and the user. Debian packages have one place for them. Fedora Core another. Windows has none at all. And so on. distutils doesn't try to guess although sometimes authors do. -- Robert Kern [EMAIL PROTECTED] In the fields of hell where the grass grows high Are the graves of dreams allowed to die. -- Richard Harter -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: regexp non-greedy matching bug?
[John Hazen] I want to match one or two instances of a pattern in a string. s = 'foobarbazfoobar' foofoo = re.compile(r'^(foo)(.*?)(foo)?(.*?)$') foofoo.match(s).group(1) 'foo' foofoo.match(s).group(3) [Tim Peters] Your problem isn't that (foo)? is not greedy (it is greedy), it's that your first (.*?) is not greedy. Remember that regexps also work left to right. Well, I had the same symptoms when that .* was greedy (it ate up the optional foo), which is why I went to non-greedy there. I guess my error was thinking that greedy trumped non-greedy, rather than left trumping right. (ie, in order for the (foo)? to be maximally greedy, the (.*?) has to be non-maximally non-greedy :) Maybe what you're looking for is ^P(.*P)?.*$ Yes. That works the way I wanted. ( ^(foo)(.*(foo))?.*$ ) Thank you, both for the specific answer, and the general education. -John -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: Checking length of each argument - seems like I'm fighting Python
On 3 Dec 2005 15:50:25 -0800, Brendan [EMAIL PROTECTED] wrote:
There must be an easy way to do this:
For classes that contain very simple data tables, I like to do
something like this:
class Things(Object):
def __init__(self, x, y, z):
#assert that x, y, and z have the same length
But I can't figure out a _simple_ way to check the arguments have the
same length, since len(scalar) throws an exception. The only ways
around this I've found so far are
a) Cast each to a numeric array, and check it's dimension and shape.
This seems like far too many dependencies for a simple task:
def sLen(x):
determines the number of items in x.
Returns 1 if x is a scalar. Returns 0 if x is None
xt = numeric.array(x)
if xt == None:
return 0
elif xt.rank == 0:
return 1
else:
return xt.shape[0]
b) use a separate 'Thing' object, and make the 'Things' initializer
work only with Thing objects. This seems like way too much structure
to me.
c) Don't bother checking the initializer, and wait until the problem
shows up later. Maybe this is the 'dynamic' way, but it seems a little
fragile.
Is there a simpler way to check that either all arguments are scalars,
or all are lists of the same length? Is this a poor way to structure
things? Your advice is appreciated
I'd go with c) unless you think errors that might result could be too mysterious
to diagnose or some dangerous action could result, but usually the errors won't
be
very mysterious. If some dangerous action could result, you might well want to
impose a number of constraints, starting with checking input args, but you will
also want thorough unit tests.
Note that an assert statement gets eliminated from the generated code when
optimization
is requested with a -O command line option, so you might want to write out the
test and
exception raising explicitely to make sure it remains part of the code, if that
is
what you want.
You could also define an external function to check that args conform
def __init__(self, x, y, z)
argcheck(x, y ,z) # raise exception if non-conforming
where
scalartype = (int, long, float)
def argcheck(*args):
... assert len(set([isinstance(x, scalartype) and 'S' or
... hasattr(x, '__len__') and len(x) for x in args]))==1
...
argcheck(1, 2L, 3.0)
argcheck([1,2], [3,4], [4,5])
argcheck([1,2], [3,4], [4,5], 6)
Traceback (most recent call last):
File stdin, line 1, in ?
File stdin, line 2, in argcheck
AssertionError
argcheck([1,2], [3,4], [4,5,6])
Traceback (most recent call last):
File stdin, line 1, in ?
File stdin, line 2, in argcheck
AssertionError
argcheck('abc','def')
argcheck('abc','def', 3)
Traceback (most recent call last):
File stdin, line 1, in ?
File stdin, line 2, in argcheck
AssertionError
You might want to add a check on the elements of arrays, e.g. to make sure
they are all scalartypes or all complex or whatever (and so as not to
accept str elements ;-).
Note that an assert statement disappears if optimization is called for on the
python
command line with -O, so you might want to code your own test of the condition
and
raise an exception explicitly if appropriate.
If the assert is enough, you can of course put it directly in the __init__,
e.g.,
def __init__(self, x, y, z)
assert len(set([isinstance(arg, scalartype) and 'S' or
hasattr(arg, '__len__') and len(arg) for arg in
(x,y,z)]))==1
...
BTW, I'm using len(set(list_of_stuff_that_should_all_be_equal))==1 to test that
they are equal,
since if not, there would be more than one element in the set. So there should
either be
a bunch of 'S's in the list or a bunch of lengths that are all equal, so a mix
wouldn't give
one element either. But this is a lot of calling for a simple check that could
be written to
short-cut lots faster for the specific case or x,y,z args, e.g., (untested)
ii = isinstance; st = scalartype; ha = hasattr; L = '__len__' # save me
typing ;-)
def __init__(self, x, y, z):
assert ii(x,st) and ii(y,st) and ii(z,st) or ha(x,L) and ha(y,L) and
ha(z,L) and len(x)==len(y)==len(z)
...
If you wanted to check that all the elements of a passed vector x were scalars,
you could
write (untested)
assert sum(isinstance(_, scalartype) for _ in x)==len(x)
since True==1 as a subtype of integer.
sum(isinstance(_, scalartype) for _ in [1, 2.0, 3L])
3
sum(isinstance(_, scalartype) for _ in [1, 2.0, 3j])
2
sum(isinstance(_, scalartype) for _ in [1, 2.0, []])
2
compared == len(thething) should work
Of course, your next step in using vectors might give you the check for free,
so no need for redundant checking. It's generally faster to let your args try
to quack
like the ducks you need, if possible and safe.
Regards,
Bengt Richter
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Trouble with idle from python 2.4.2 on SUSE linux 9.3
I've just installed python 2.4.2 from source - it works fine from the command line. But when I attempt to start idle, I am told: ** IDLE can't import Tkinter. Your Python may not be configured for Tk. ** I have tcl 8.4 and tk 8.4 on my system; can anybody provide me with some advice? Sorry if this is a FAQ; I've spent some time searching the net for helpful clues, and I am a python ultra-newbie. Thanks, Alasdair -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: How to execute an EXE via os.system() with spaces in the directory name?
On 3 Dec 2005 19:16:10 -0800, [EMAIL PROTECTED] [EMAIL PROTECTED] wrote: I am trying to run an exe within a python script, but I'm having trouble with spaces in the directory name. The following example will display the usage statement of the program, so I know that the space in the path to the exe is being handled correctly and that the program was executed. CMD= r'C:\program files\some directory\engine\theexe.exe' os.system(CMD) But the required argument for the exe require a path to a file to be specified. When I try to run the following, os.system(CMD2) CMD2= r'C:\program files\some directory\engine\theexe.exe C:\program files\some directory\engine\file.txt' I get this error: Unable to open file C:\Program So, it looks to me like the space in the path for the argument is causing it to fail. Does anyone have any suggestions that could help me out? What version of windows and python are you running? What happens if you leave out the space in the second quoted string of CMD2? Does your program execute ok and see it? What do you get for os.popen(CMD2).read() ? What do you get if you make a cmd file like echoargs.cmd below [23:29] C:\pywk\grammartype c:\util\echoargs.cmd @echo %* and substitute echoargs (with path if necessary) in place of your executable in CMD2? Just suggestions to get more symptoms for diagnosis. Regards, Bengt Richter -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: regexp non-greedy matching bug?
[Mike Meyer]
The thing to understand is that regular expressions are *search*
functions, that return the first parsing that matches. They search a
space of possible matches to each term in the expression. If some term
fails to match, the preceeding term goes on to its next match, and you
try again. The greedy vs. non-greedy describes the order that the
term in question tries matches. If it's greedy, it will try the
longest possible match first. If it's non-greedy, it'll try the
shortest possible match first.
That's a good explanation. Thanks.
[John]
I want to match one or two instances of a pattern in a string.
foofoo = re.compile(r'^(foo)(.*?)(foo)?(.*?)$')
[Mike]
First, this pattern doesn't look for one or two instances of foo in
a string. It looks for a string that starts with foo and maybe has a
second foo in it as well.
Right. In simplifying the expression for public consumption, one of the
terms I dropped was r'^.*?(foo)...'.
To do what you said you want to do, you want to use the split method:
foo = re.compile('foo')
if 2 = len(foo.split(s)) = 3:
print We had one or two 'foo's
Well, this would solve my dumbed down example, but each foo in the
original expression was a stand-in for a more complex term. I was using
match groups to extract the parts of the match that I wanted. Here's an
example (using Tim's correction) that actually demonstrates what I'm
doing:
s = 'zzzfoo123barxxxfoo456baryyy'
s2 = 'zzzfoo123barxxxfooyyy'
foobar2 = re.compile(r'^.*?foo(\d+)bar(.*foo(\d+)bar)?.*$')
print foobar2.match(s).group(1)
123
print foobar2.match(s).group(3)
456
print foobar2.match(s2).group(1)
123
print foobar2.match(s2).group(3)
None
Looking at re.split, it doesn't look like it returns the actual matching
text, so I don't think that fits my need.
As the founder of SPARE...
Hmm, not a very effective name. A google search didn't fing any obvious
hits (even after adding the python qualifier, and removing spare time
and spare parts hits). (I couldn't find it off your homepage,
either.)
Thanks for your help. If you have any suggestions about a non-re way to
do the above, I'd be interested.
-John
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[ python-Bugs-1372650 ] Cookie and multiple names
Bugs item #1372650, was opened at 2005-12-03 18:47 Message generated for change (Tracker Item Submitted) made by Item Submitter You can respond by visiting: https://sourceforge.net/tracker/?func=detailatid=105470aid=1372650group_id=5470 Please note that this message will contain a full copy of the comment thread, including the initial issue submission, for this request, not just the latest update. Category: Python Library Group: Python 2.4 Status: Open Resolution: None Priority: 5 Submitted By: Viraj Alankar (valankar) Assigned to: Nobody/Anonymous (nobody) Summary: Cookie and multiple names Initial Comment: The cookie specification described here: http://wp.netscape.com/newsref/std/cookie_spec.html states that multiple names of cookies can be sent. This does not seem to parse correctly with the Cookie module due to its dictionary storage. When parsing cookies via modpython, only the last cookie is used. I think it would be better to only use the first value, since that is what the specification says. Or provide for a way to store multiple names with different paths. -- You can respond by visiting: https://sourceforge.net/tracker/?func=detailatid=105470aid=1372650group_id=5470 ___ Python-bugs-list mailing list Unsubscribe: http://mail.python.org/mailman/options/python-bugs-list/archive%40mail-archive.com
