[ANN] guiqwt v2.1.3
Hi all, I am pleased to announce that `guiqwt` v2.1.3 has been released. Based on PyQwt (plotting widgets for PyQt4 graphical user interfaces) and on the scientific modules NumPy and SciPy, guiqwt is a Python library providing efficient 2D data-plotting features (curve/image visualization and related tools) for interactive computing and signal/image processing application development. Complete change log is now available here: http://code.google.com/p/guiqwt/wiki/ChangeLog Documentation with examples, API reference, etc. is available here: http://packages.python.org/guiqwt/ This version of `guiqwt` includes a demo software, Sift (for Signal and Image Filtering Tool), based on `guidata` and `guiqwt`: http://packages.python.org/guiqwt/sift.html Windows users may even download the portable version of Sift 0.2.3 to test it without having to install anything: http://code.google.com/p/guiqwt/downloads/detail?name=sift023_portable.zip When compared to the excellent module `matplotlib`, the main advantages of `guiqwt` are: * Performance: see http://packages.python.org/guiqwt/overview.html#performances * Interactivity: see for example http://packages.python.org/guiqwt/_images/plot.png * Powerful signal processing tools: see for example http://packages.python.org/guiqwt/_images/fit.png * Powerful image processing tools: * Real-time contrast adjustment: http://packages.python.org/guiqwt/_images/contrast.png * Cross sections (line/column, averaged and oblique cross sections!): http://packages.python.org/guiqwt/_images/cross_section.png * Arbitrary affine transforms on images: http://packages.python.org/guiqwt/_images/transform.png * Interactive filters: http://packages.python.org/guiqwt/_images/imagefilter.png * Geometrical shapes/Measurement tools: http://packages.python.org/guiqwt/_images/image_plot_tools.png * Perfect integration of `guidata` features for image data editing: http://packages.python.org/guiqwt/_images/simple_window.png But `guiqwt` is more than a plotting library; it also provides: * Framework for signal/image processing application development: see http://packages.python.org/guiqwt/examples.html * And many other features like making executable Windows programs easily (py2exe helpers): see http://packages.python.org/guiqwt/disthelpers.html guiqwt has been successfully tested on GNU/Linux and Windows platforms. Python package index page: http://pypi.python.org/pypi/guiqwt/ Documentation, screenshots: http://packages.python.org/guiqwt/ Downloads (source + Python(x,y) plugin): http://guiqwt.googlecode.com Cheers, Pierre --- Dr. Pierre Raybaut CEA - Commissariat à l'Energie Atomique et aux Energies Alternatives -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-announce-list Support the Python Software Foundation: http://www.python.org/psf/donations/
Wing IDE 4.0.2 released
Hi, Wingware has released version 4.0.2 of Wing IDE, an integrated development environment designed specifically for the Python programming language. Wing IDE is a cross-platform Python IDE that provides a professional code editor with vi, emacs, and other key bindings, auto-completion, call tips, refactoring, a powerful graphical debugger, version control, unit testing, search, and many other features. **Changes in Version 4.0.2** * Added introduce variable refactoring operation * Support for using *.pi files to augment source analysis of *.py files * Support autocompletion for PySide Qt bindings * Recognize tags and attributes for HTML5 * Avoid problems with Ubuntu Unity * Fixed matplotlib support for GtkAgg backend and missing default backend * Syntax highlight comments in Django template files * Fixed syntax highlighting for Cython, VHDL, R, and several others * Fixed failure to replace all search matches near the end of a file * About 40 other bug fixes and minor improvements See the change log for details. **New Features in Version 4.0** Version 4.0 adds the following new major features: * Refactoring -- Rename/move symbols, extract to function/method, and introduce variable * Find Uses -- Find all points of use of a symbol * Diff/Merge -- Graphical file and repository comparison and merge * Django Support -- Debug Django templates, run Django unit tests, and more * matplotlib Support -- Maintains live-updating plots in shell and debugger * Simplified Licensing -- Includes all OSes and adds Support+Upgrades subscriptions Complete change log: http://wingware.com/pub/wingide/4.0.2/CHANGELOG.txt Details on licensing changes: http://wingware.com/news/2011-02-16 **About Wing IDE** Wing IDE is an integrated development environment designed specifically for the Python programming language. It provides powerful editing, testing, and debugging features that help reduce development and debugging time, cut down on coding errors, and make it easier to understand and navigate Python code. Wing IDE can be used to develop Python code for web, GUI, and embedded scripting applications. Wing IDE is available in three product levels: Wing IDE Professional is the full-featured Python IDE, Wing IDE Personal offers a reduced feature set at a low price, and Wing IDE 101 is a free simplified version designed for teaching beginning programming courses with Python. Version 4.0 of Wing IDE Professional includes the following major features: * Professional quality code editor with vi, emacs, and other keyboard personalities * Code intelligence for Python: Auto-completion, call tips, find uses, goto-definition, error indicators, refactoring, smart indent and rewrapping, and source navigation * Advanced multi-threaded debugger with graphical UI, command line interaction, conditional breakpoints, data value tooltips over code, watch tool, and externally launched and remote debugging * Powerful search and replace options including keyboard driven and graphical UIs, multi-file, wild card, and regular expression search and replace * Version control integration for Subversion, CVS, Bazaar, git, Mercurial, and Perforce * Integrated unit testing with unittest, nose, and doctest frameworks * Django support: Debugs Django templates, provides project setup tools, and runs Django unit tests * Many other features including project manager, bookmarks, code snippets, diff/merge tool, OS command integration, indentation manager, PyLint integration, and perspectives * Extremely configurable and may be extended with Python scripts * Extensive product documentation and How-Tos for Django, matplotlib, Plone, wxPython, PyQt, mod_wsgi, Autodesk Maya, and many other frameworks Please refer to http://wingware.com/wingide/features for a detailed listing of features by product level. System requirements are Windows 2000 or later, OS X 10.3.9 or later (requires X11 Server), or a recent Linux system (either 32 or 64 bit). Wing IDE supports Python versions 2.0.x through 3.2.x and Stackless Python. For more information, see the http://wingware.com/ **Downloads** Wing IDE Professional and Wing IDE Personal are commercial software and require a license to run. A free trial can be obtained directly from the product when launched. Wing IDE Pro -- Full-featured product: http://wingware.com/downloads/wingide/4.0 Wing IDE Personal -- A simplified IDE: http://wingware.com/downloads/wingide-personal/4.0 Wing IDE 101 -- For teaching with Python: http://wingware.com/downloads/wingide-101/4.0 **Purchasing and Upgrading** Wing 4.0 requires an upgrade for Wing IDE 2.x and 3.x users at a cost of 1/2 the full product pricing. Upgrade a license: https://wingware.com/store/upgrade Purchase a new license: https://wingware.com/store/purchase -- The Wingware Team Wingware | Python IDE Advancing Software Development www.wingware.com --
Re: 回复: Re: BeautifulSoup import error
1011_wxy, 06.05.2011 04:29: 发件人: James Mills On Fri, May 6, 2011 at 11:37 AM, 1011_wxy wrote: I got a import error when I use Python 3.2 to import BeautifulSoup 3.2.0 . Is there any differences between Python 3.2 and other version? This is my first time to use Python3.2 . And the error message will be as below. Judging from your tracebacks, it would appear that BeuituflSoup has not yet been ported to and/or fixed for Python 3 compatibility. BeautifulSoup does not work well with Python3.2 . You can try to convert it using 2to3, though. I might suggest you take a look at using lxml instead ... which works with all Python versions from 2.3 through 3.2. which ships with the standard library. No. While this has been suggested, it will not become part of the stdlib in the foreseeable future. It's readily available as a separate package on PyPI, though. Stefan -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: 回复: Re: BeautifulSoup import error
On Fri, May 6, 2011 at 3:57 PM, Stefan Behnel stefan...@behnel.de wrote: No. While this has been suggested, it will not become part of the stdlib in the foreseeable future. It's readily available as a separate package on PyPI, though. Opps I meant xml.etree :/ My bad! cheers James -- -- James Mills -- -- Problems are solved by method -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
checking if a list is empty
Hi, If I want to check if a list is empty, which is the more pythonic way? li = [] (1) if len(li) == 0: ... or (2) if not li: ... Thanks, Laszlo -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: Python-list Digest, Vol 92, Issue 40
PIL will compile and install if you don't have some development libraries and then simply not work or not work up to full steam when used. To avoid this, you need to install the appropriate libraries, among which are: libjpeg-devel freetype-devel libpng-devel Dear Albert Thank you for your reply. I did install all these libraries. Testing it with yum shows: $ yum install libpng-devel Package 2:libpng-devel-1.2.10-7.1.el5_5.3.x86_64 already installed and latest version Package 2:libpng-devel-1.2.10-7.1.el5_5.3.i386 already installed and latest version $ yum install libjpeg-devel Package libjpeg-devel-6b-37.x86_64 already installed and latest version Package libjpeg-devel-6b-37.i386 already installed and latest version $ yum install libpng-devel Package 2:libpng-devel-1.2.10-7.1.el5_5.3.x86_64 already installed and latest version Package 2:libpng-devel-1.2.10-7.1.el5_5.3.i386 already installed and latest version Re-Compiling PIL shows: $ python setup.py build_ext -i *** TKINTER support not available --- JPEG support available --- ZLIB (PNG/ZIP) support available --- FREETYPE2 support available *** LITTLECMS support not available However, running the selftest still fails: $ python selftest.py *** The _imaging C module is not installed Regards Nico -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: checking if a list is empty
On Thu, May 5, 2011 at 11:36 PM, Jabba Laci jabba.l...@gmail.com wrote: Hi, If I want to check if a list is empty, which is the more pythonic way? Option (2), IMO. li = [] (1) if len(li) == 0: ... FYI, also equivalent: if not len(li): ... or (2) if not li: Cheers, Chris -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
string formatting
Hi,
Which is the preferred way of string formatting?
(1) the %s is %s % ('sky', 'blue')
(2) the {0} is {1}.format('sky', 'blue')
(3) the {} is {}.format('sky', 'blue')
As I know (1) is old style. (2) and (3) are new but (3) is only
supported from Python 2.7+.
Which one should be used?
Laszlo
--
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Re: string formatting
On Fri, 06 May 2011 10:00:30 +0200, Web Dreamer wrote:
Jabba Laci a écrit ce vendredi 6 mai 2011 09:18 dans
mailman.1229.1304666321.9059.python-l...@python.org :
Hi,
Which is the preferred way of string formatting?
(1) the %s is %s % ('sky', 'blue')
(2) the {0} is {1}.format('sky', 'blue')
(3) the {} is {}.format('sky', 'blue')
As I know (1) is old style. (2) and (3) are new but (3) is only
supported from Python 2.7+.
Which one should be used?
According to python's documentation, (3) and (2) are preferred and (1)
is deprecated.
I think you are wrong, % formatting is not deprecated. Do you have a link
showing otherwise?
[steve@sylar ~]$ python3.2
Python 3.2a1 (r32a1:83318, Aug 12 2010, 02:17:22)
[GCC 4.1.2 20070925 (Red Hat 4.1.2-27)] on linux2
Type help, copyright, credits or license for more information.
import warnings
warnings.simplefilter(always)
%d % 42
'42'
I see no DeprecationWarning.
--
Steven
--
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Re: string formatting
On Fri, May 6, 2011 at 1:46 AM, Steven D'Aprano
steve+comp.lang.pyt...@pearwood.info wrote:
On Fri, 06 May 2011 10:00:30 +0200, Web Dreamer wrote:
Jabba Laci a écrit ce vendredi 6 mai 2011 09:18 dans
mailman.1229.1304666321.9059.python-l...@python.org :
Hi,
Which is the preferred way of string formatting?
(1) the %s is %s % ('sky', 'blue')
(2) the {0} is {1}.format('sky', 'blue')
(3) the {} is {}.format('sky', 'blue')
As I know (1) is old style. (2) and (3) are new but (3) is only
supported from Python 2.7+.
Which one should be used?
According to python's documentation, (3) and (2) are preferred and (1)
is deprecated.
I think you are wrong, % formatting is not deprecated. Do you have a link
showing otherwise?
I'm not them, but:
Note: The formatting operations described here [involving %] are
obsolete and may go away in future versions of Python. Use the new
String Formatting [i.e. format()] in new code.
http://docs.python.org/dev/library/stdtypes.html#old-string-formatting-operations
Technically, not formally deprecated, but such a characterization
isn't too far off the mark either.
Cheers,
Chris
--
http://rebertia.com
--
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seems like a bug in isinstance()
hi all, suppose I've created a class Point in file .../openopt/kernel/Point.py Consider the code in file .../somewhere/file1.py from openopt.kernel.Point import Point p = Point() now let's pass p into a func from .../openopt/kernel/file2.py and check from Point import Point isinstance(p, Point) So, it returns False! p is Point.Point instance at 0x30801b8, while Point is class openopt.kernel.Point.Point at 0x2048e20 I have Python 2.7.1+ (r271:86832, Apr 11 2011, 18:13:53) D. -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: Development tools and practices for Pythonistas
On Apr 26, 3:39 pm, snorble snor...@hotmail.com wrote: I appreciate any advice or guidance anyone has to offer. The 'Python Project HOWTO' gives good advice in terms of setting up a new project, what files and directories to create, what to put in version control, etc: http://infinitemonkeycorps.net/docs/pph/ Also, where I work we have tried many IDEs, but happily and productively use GVim and very little else, so don't feel you *have* to use an IDE. Best regards, Jonathan Hartley -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: seems like a bug in isinstance()
On Fri, May 6, 2011 at 2:24 AM, dmitrey dmitre...@gmail.com wrote: hi all, suppose I've created a class Point in file .../openopt/kernel/Point.py Consider the code in file .../somewhere/file1.py from openopt.kernel.Point import Point p = Point() now let's pass p into a func from .../openopt/kernel/file2.py and check from Point import Point isinstance(p, Point) So, it returns False! p is Point.Point instance at 0x30801b8, while Point is class openopt.kernel.Point.Point at 0x2048e20 [Subject: seems like a bug in isinstance()] This is due to a peculiarity of how (C)Python's import machinery works; isinstance() is working just fine. (And if you ever think you've found a bug in Python's built-ins, odds are you haven't. Python has been around too long, someone ought to have encountered it earlier, statistically speaking.) Note how the class is referred to as both Point.Point and openopt.kernel.Point.Point. This is because you did `from Point import ...` in file2.py, whereas in file1.py you did `from openopt.kernel.Point import ...`. These 2 different ways of referring to the same module are sufficient to trick/outsmart (C)Python and cause it to import the same module twice as 2 separate instances (i.e. it gets re-executed). Why the import machinery isn't smarter in this situation, I don't recall. The output of this should be illuminating: print(Point, type(p), type(p) is Point, id(Point), id(type(p))) As this demonstrates, you're dealing with 2 separate definitions of the same Point class. Solution: Avoid the implicitly-relative `from Point import ...` style of import; always use the absolute `from openopt.kernel.Point import ...` style instead. Subsequent imports will thus reference the already-previously-imported instance of a module rather than importing a copy of it from scratch again. Cheers, Chris -- http://rebertia.com -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: Development tools and practices for Pythonistas
On 06/05/2011 10:51, Jonathan Hartley wrote: On Apr 26, 3:39 pm, snorblesnor...@hotmail.com wrote: I appreciate any advice or guidance anyone has to offer. The 'Python Project HOWTO' gives good advice in terms of setting up a new project, what files and directories to create, what to put in version control, etc: http://infinitemonkeycorps.net/docs/pph/ I'd forgotten about that. Great resource! Thanks for reminding me... TJG -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: Embedding Python's library as zip file
Are you calling Py_SetProgramName? That may help to set sys.prefix and sys.exec_prefix. However, looking at site.py, it appears that it's only looking for proper directories. I don't think it will be able to add a site-packages inside a zip archive at all; you will just have to add that yourself. Yes, I have tried Py_SetProgramName, but I am even not sure what argument (name, path?) should be passed to it and how it will affect the application. Some good news. After simplifying my application I realized, that importing of modules from the zip archive works well, I only have to add site-packages to sys.path (it looks like python27.zip/site-packages). Unfortunately even though I can import Image package, something still causes applications' sudden death. I will try to figure out what is the reason of that. As I said, the only non-standard package I am using is PIL. -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: PIL: The _imaging C module is not installed
Am 06.05.2011 01:48, schrieb Michel Claveau - MVP: Re! And why the problem no exist with PIL 1.1.6? (only 1.1.7) Is that the version 1.1.6 does not use these libraries? PIL 1.1.6 also uses its internal C library to speed things up. For Windows you should use the precompiled packages. http://www.pythonware.com/products/pil/ offers X86 Windows binaries for 1.1.7. You might run into a problem with 1.1.7 Windows binaries. The freetype C library references a debug CRT that is not available on all machines. You can easily patch the _imagingft.pyd file with a hex editor. Christian -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: seems like a bug in isinstance()
On May 6, 12:57 pm, Chris Rebert c...@rebertia.com wrote: On Fri, May 6, 2011 at 2:24 AM, dmitrey dmitre...@gmail.com wrote: hi all, suppose I've created a class Point in file .../openopt/kernel/Point.py Consider the code in file .../somewhere/file1.py from openopt.kernel.Point import Point p = Point() now let's pass p into a func from .../openopt/kernel/file2.py and check from Point import Point isinstance(p, Point) So, it returns False! p is Point.Point instance at 0x30801b8, while Point is class openopt.kernel.Point.Point at 0x2048e20 [Subject: seems like a bug in isinstance()] This is due to a peculiarity of how (C)Python's import machinery works; isinstance() is working just fine. (And if you ever think you've found a bug in Python's built-ins, odds are you haven't. Python has been around too long, someone ought to have encountered it earlier, statistically speaking.) Note how the class is referred to as both Point.Point and openopt.kernel.Point.Point. This is because you did `from Point import ...` in file2.py, whereas in file1.py you did `from openopt.kernel.Point import ...`. These 2 different ways of referring to the same module are sufficient to trick/outsmart (C)Python and cause it to import the same module twice as 2 separate instances (i.e. it gets re-executed). Why the import machinery isn't smarter in this situation, I don't recall. The output of this should be illuminating: print(Point, type(p), type(p) is Point, id(Point), id(type(p))) As this demonstrates, you're dealing with 2 separate definitions of the same Point class. Solution: Avoid the implicitly-relative `from Point import ...` style of import; always use the absolute `from openopt.kernel.Point import ...` style instead. Subsequent imports will thus reference the already-previously-imported instance of a module rather than importing a copy of it from scratch again. Cheers, Chris --http://rebertia.com Thanks Cris, however, I had understood reason of the bug and mere informed Python developers of the bug to fix it. print(Point, type(p), type(p) is Point, id(Point), id(type(p))) (class openopt.kernel.Point.Point at 0x2a29d50, type 'instance', False, 44211536, 8585344) The proposed solution of using `from openopt.kernel.Point import ... ' everywhere is already performed but is not nice for me. I have lots of places like that in my code; also, when I import something from openopt it performs recursive import of many files including that one where Point is defined, thus I have cycled imports (well, it somehow works, but is unstable and may lead to future bugs). Also, writing from Point import Point is much simpler than using each time the long string from name1.name2.Point import Point. I think it's Python developers who have to fix the issue, not users. I have 5 years of intensive Python experience yet it took same time to me to locate the bug, because my algorithm got False from isinstance() and went absolutely different thread from if isinstance(): ... else: This bug could be encountered very seldom under rare circumstances and thus be quite difficult to be located, especially for Python newbies unawared of this one. Regards, D. -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: checking if a list is empty
On May 6, 7:36 am, Jabba Laci jabba.l...@gmail.com wrote: Hi, If I want to check if a list is empty, which is the more pythonic way? li = [] (1) if len(li) == 0: ... or (2) if not li: ... Thanks, Laszlo I prefer (1), it feels more explicit about what I'm testing. The fact that empty sequences evaluate as false feels like a bit of a quirk to me. Actually the fact that 0 evaluates as false feels like a bit of a quirk to me, I more of a use booleans in boolean contexts kind of programmer. -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
if statement multiple or
Hi,
I am trying to write a script and I realised that I need to use something
like
if ('a' or 'b' or 'c') not in line:
print line
But it does not work for. What may be the problem
Thanks,
Lutfi
--
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Re: if statement multiple or
Am 06.05.2011 12:47, schrieb Lutfi Oduncuoglu:
Hi,
I am trying to write a script and I realised that I need to use something
like
if ('a' or 'b' or 'c') not in line:
print line
But it does not work for. What may be the problem
if any(s not in line for s in ('a', 'b', 'c')):
# do something
Christian
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Re: if statement multiple or
On Fri, 2011-05-06 at 13:47 +0300, Lutfi Oduncuoglu wrote:
Hi,
I am trying to write a script and I realised that I need to use
something like
if ('a' or 'b' or 'c') not in line:
print line
The expression:
('a' or 'b' or 'c')
evaluates to True
True not in line
Is probably not what you intended.
--
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Re: if statement multiple or
Correction:
('a' or 'b' or 'c') evaluates to 'a'
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Re: if statement multiple or
On Fri, May 6, 2011 at 4:02 AM, Albert Hopkins mar...@letterboxes.org wrote:
On Fri, 2011-05-06 at 13:47 +0300, Lutfi Oduncuoglu wrote:
Hi,
I am trying to write a script and I realised that I need to use
something like
if ('a' or 'b' or 'c') not in line:
print line
The expression:
('a' or 'b' or 'c')
evaluates to True
Not quite:
$ python
Python 2.6.6 (r266:84292, Jan 12 2011, 13:35:00)
'a' or 'b' or 'c'
'a'
Cheers,
Chris
--
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Re: checking if a list is empty
On Fri, May 6, 2011 at 4:36 PM, Jabba Laci jabba.l...@gmail.com wrote: If I want to check if a list is empty, which is the more pythonic way? [...] (2) if not li: This is fine. cheers James -- -- James Mills -- -- Problems are solved by method -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: if statement multiple or
On Fri, May 6, 2011 at 8:47 PM, Lutfi Oduncuoglu
lutfioduncuo...@gmail.com wrote:
I am trying to write a script and I realised that I need to use something
like
if ('a' or 'b' or 'c') not in line:
print line
But it does not work for. What may be the problem
You will need to (naively) do this:
if a not in line or b not in line or c not in line:
print line
cheers
James
--
-- James Mills
--
-- Problems are solved by method
--
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Python packaging (was Development tools and practices for Pythonistas)
On May 6, 2:59 pm, Tim Golden m...@timgolden.me.uk wrote: On 06/05/2011 10:51, Jonathan Hartley wrote: On Apr 26, 3:39 pm, snorblesnor...@hotmail.com wrote: I appreciate any advice or guidance anyone has to offer. The 'Python Project HOWTO' gives good advice in terms of setting up a new project, what files and directories to create, what to put in version control, etc: http://infinitemonkeycorps.net/docs/pph/ I'd forgotten about that. Great resource! Thanks for reminding me... TJG Thanks for that link. There is one question in this regard that is not covered: package-use Of course this http://infinitemonkeycorps.net/docs/pph/#id10 is there. But I am talking of setting up one's python environment. For example on a linux box how to best optimize using the native package manager (eg apt/rpm) along with packages from pypi. And when one needs to run with multiple pythons how to use virtualenv etc -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: if statement multiple or
On May 6, 7:00 am, Christian Heimes li...@cheimes.de wrote:
Am 06.05.2011 12:47, schrieb Lutfi Oduncuoglu:
Hi,
I am trying to write a script and I realised that I need to use something
like
if ('a' or 'b' or 'c') not in line:
print line
But it does not work for. What may be the problem
if any(s not in line for s in ('a', 'b', 'c')):
# do something
Christian
sets could also work
if set('abc') set(line) == set():
print line
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Re: if statement multiple or
Am 06.05.2011 14:09, schrieb scattered:
sets could also work
if set('abc') set(line) == set():
print line
Right!
Sets work in this special case, because the OP just wants to search for
a single char. It won't work for longer strings, though.
Also I would write the test as:
if set(line).isdisjoint(abc):
print line
Christian
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Re: BeautifulSoup import error
[1011_wxy]
I got a import error when I use Python 3.2 to import BeautifulSoup 3.2.0
the error i see is a SyntaxError.
Is there any differences between Python 3.2 and other version?
yes. and there is a tool, 2to3, which converts
Python 2.x scripts to work with 3.x.
And the error message will be as below.
from BeautifulSoup import BeautifulSoup
Traceback (most recent call last):
File pyshell#2, line 1, in module
from BeautifulSoup import BeautifulSoup
File C:\Python32\BeautifulSoup.py, line 448
raise AttributeError, '%s' object has no attribute '%s' %
(self.__class__.__name__, attr)
^
SyntaxError: invalid syntax
a quick fix here, change:
raise AttributeError, '%s' object has no attribute '%s'
%(self.__class__.__name__, attr)
to:
raise AttributeError('%s' object has no attribute '%s'
%(self.__class__.__name__, attr))
enclose the string message with parentheses.
at least, you will not get the SyntaxError.
but a better solution is to use 2to3.
i don't use BeautifulSoup, and i'm still stick with
Python2.5.4 on windows, so can't help much.
with Linux, it is just:
2to3 a_python_file_or_a_dir_package
on windows, i don't know, maybe:
import subprocess
subprocess.Popen(('python.exe', 'Tools/Scripts/2to3.py', 'the_package'))
--
nirinA
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Re: PIL: The _imaging C module is not installed
@Michel use PIL downloaded from here: http://www.lfd.uci.edu/~gohlke/pythonlibs/ regards 2011/5/6 Christian Heimes li...@cheimes.de: Am 06.05.2011 01:48, schrieb Michel Claveau - MVP: Re! And why the problem no exist with PIL 1.1.6? (only 1.1.7) Is that the version 1.1.6 does not use these libraries? PIL 1.1.6 also uses its internal C library to speed things up. For Windows you should use the precompiled packages. http://www.pythonware.com/products/pil/ offers X86 Windows binaries for 1.1.7. You might run into a problem with 1.1.7 Windows binaries. The freetype C library references a debug CRT that is not available on all machines. You can easily patch the _imagingft.pyd file with a hex editor. Christian -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: string formatting
On May 6, 8:10 am, Web Dreamer webdrea...@nospam.fr wrote: Chris Rebert a écrit ce vendredi 6 mai 2011 11:23 dans mailman.1230.1304673808.9059.python-l...@python.org : I'm not them, but: Note: The formatting operations described here [involving %] are obsolete and may go away in future versions of Python. Use the new String Formatting [i.e. format()] in new code. http://docs.python.org/dev/library/stdtypes.html#old-string-formatting- operations Technically, not formally deprecated, but such a characterization isn't too far off the mark either. Thanks Chris for the link. Indeed, They mention: The formatting operations described here are obsolete and may go away in future versions of Python. Use the new String Formatting in new code. So the proper word is obsolete and in my mind I remembered deprecated since they say it could be removed from future versions of python. So I should have said obsolete. What I would like to know is the difference between deprecated and obsolete... -- Web Dreamer In this context I think obsolete means: Will be removed in some undetermined version in the future; 3 versions or more from now. There is also pending deprecation: Will be (usually) removed in the version after the next. And deprecated: Will be removed in the next version. -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: access to some text string in PDFs
Hi Chris, thanks for fast reply and all recommendations in helps me much! as you recommended me i used Pdfminer module to extract the text from pdf files and then with file.xreadlines() I allocated the lines where my keyword (factors in this case) appears. Till now i extract just the lines but im wondering if its able to extract whole sentenses (only this) where my keawords (factors in this case) are located. I used following script import os, subprocess path=C:\\PDF # insert the path to the directory of interest here dirList=os.listdir(path) for fname in dirList: output =fname.rstrip(.pdf) + .txt subprocess.call([C:\Python26\python.exe, pdf2txt.py, -o, output, fname]) print fname file = open(output) for line in file.xreadlines(): if driving in line: print(line) --- Robert Pazur Mobile : +421 948 001 705 Skype : ruegdeg 2011/5/6 Chris Rebert c...@rebertia.com On Thu, May 5, 2011 at 2:26 PM, Robert Pazur pazurrob...@gmail.com wrote: Dear all, i would like to access some text and count the occurrence as follows I got a lots of pdf with some scientific articles and i want to preview which words are usually related with for example determinants as an example in the article is a sentence elevation is the most important determinant how can i acquire the elevation string? of course i dont know where the sententence in article is located or which particular word could there be any suggestions? Extract the text using PDFMiner[1], pyPdf[2], or PageCatcher[3]. Then use something similar to n-grams on the extracted text, filtering out those that don't contain determinant(s). Then just keep a word frequency table for the remaining n-grams. Not-quite-pseudo-code: from collections import defaultdict, deque N = 7 # length of n-grams to consider; tune as needed buf = deque(maxlen=N) targets = frozenset((determinant, determinants)) steps_until_gone = 0 word2freq = defaultdict(int) for word in words_from_pdf: if word in targets: steps_until_gone = N buf.append(word) if steps_until_gone: for related_word in buf: if related_word not in targets: word2freq[related_word] += 1 steps_until_gone -= 1 for count, word in sorted((v,k) for k,v in word2freq.iteritems()): print(word, ':', count) Making this more efficient and less naive is left as an exercise to the reader. There may very well already be something similar but more sophisticated in NLTK[4]; I've never used it, so I dunno. [1]: http://www.unixuser.org/~euske/python/pdfminer/index.html [2]: http://pybrary.net/pyPdf/ [3]: http://www.reportlab.com/software/#pagecatcher [4]: http://www.nltk.org/ Cheers, Chris -- http://rebertia.com -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: What other languages use the same data model as Python?
On 2011-05-05, Chris Angelico ros...@gmail.com wrote: On Fri, May 6, 2011 at 1:29 AM, Roy Smith r...@panix.com wrote: Hey, let's override operator,() and have some fun Destroying sanity, for fun and profit. I was thinking more along the lines of stuff like combining the envelope pattern (an interface class containing a pointer to an implementation) with template classes to create type-safe polymorphic types with specializable, decoupled implementations. A Python programmer just feels depressed that anyone could have a need for such innovations, though. ;) -- Neil Cerutti -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: if statement multiple or
On May 6, 8:25 am, Christian Heimes li...@cheimes.de wrote:
Am 06.05.2011 14:09, schrieb scattered:
sets could also work
if set('abc') set(line) == set():
print line
Right!
Sets work in this special case, because the OP just wants to search for
a single char. It won't work for longer strings, though.
Also I would write the test as:
if set(line).isdisjoint(abc):
print line
Christian
Thanks for the tip - I'm still learning Python and was unaware of the
isdisjoint method.
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Re: Embedding Python's library as zip file
I used py2exe in the past for that, see http://www.py2exe.org/index.cgi/ShippingEmbedded Thanks for the advice, py2exe seems to be a great tool. Unfortunately the application stops executing at the same place. It might be the case of PIL library, I found some entries about it on py2exe site. -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: if statement multiple or
On 06/05/2011 14:17, scattered wrote:
On May 6, 8:25 am, Christian Heimesli...@cheimes.de wrote:
Am 06.05.2011 14:09, schrieb scattered:
sets could also work
if set('abc') set(line) == set():
print line
Right!
Sets work in this special case, because the OP just wants to search for
a single char. It won't work for longer strings, though.
Also I would write the test as:
if set(line).isdisjoint(abc):
print line
Christian
Thanks for the tip - I'm still learning Python and was unaware of the
isdisjoint method.
If it's any consolation, I've been using Python for 10 years and
I was unaware of the isdisjoint method. :)
TJG
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Re: PIL: The _imaging C module is not installed
PIL will compile and install if you don't have some development libraries and then simply not work or not work up to full steam when used. To avoid this, you need to install the appropriate libraries, among which are: libjpeg-devel freetype-devel libpng-devel Dear Albert Thank you for your reply. I did install all these libraries. Testing it with yum shows: $ yum install libpng-devel Package 2:libpng-devel-1.2.10-7.1.el5_5.3.x86_64 already installed and latest version Package 2:libpng-devel-1.2.10-7.1.el5_5.3.i386 already installed and latest version $ yum install libjpeg-devel Package libjpeg-devel-6b-37.x86_64 already installed and latest version Package libjpeg-devel-6b-37.i386 already installed and latest version $ yum install libpng-devel Package 2:libpng-devel-1.2.10-7.1.el5_5.3.x86_64 already installed and latest version Package 2:libpng-devel-1.2.10-7.1.el5_5.3.i386 already installed and latest version Re-Compiling PIL shows: $ python setup.py build_ext -i *** TKINTER support not available --- JPEG support available --- ZLIB (PNG/ZIP) support available --- FREETYPE2 support available *** LITTLECMS support not available However, running the selftest still fails: $ python selftest.py *** The _imaging C module is not installed Regards Nico -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: string formatting
On Fri, 06 May 2011 02:23:19 -0700, Chris Rebert wrote:
On Fri, May 6, 2011 at 1:46 AM, Steven D'Aprano
steve+comp.lang.pyt...@pearwood.info wrote:
On Fri, 06 May 2011 10:00:30 +0200, Web Dreamer wrote:
Jabba Laci a écrit ce vendredi 6 mai 2011 09:18 dans
mailman.1229.1304666321.9059.python-l...@python.org :
Hi,
Which is the preferred way of string formatting?
(1) the %s is %s % ('sky', 'blue')
(2) the {0} is {1}.format('sky', 'blue')
(3) the {} is {}.format('sky', 'blue')
As I know (1) is old style. (2) and (3) are new but (3) is only
supported from Python 2.7+.
Which one should be used?
According to python's documentation, (3) and (2) are preferred and (1)
is deprecated.
I think you are wrong, % formatting is not deprecated. Do you have a
link showing otherwise?
I'm not them, but:
Note: The formatting operations described here [involving %] are
obsolete and may go away in future versions of Python. Use the new
String Formatting [i.e. format()] in new code.
http://docs.python.org/dev/library/stdtypes.html#old-string-formatting-
operations
Technically, not formally deprecated, but such a characterization isn't
too far off the mark either.
Not deprecated at all. In context, deprecation *is* a formal process.
In any case, on occasions that the issue has been raised, there has been
considerable community objection to removal of % formatting. Guido might
want to remove it, but I wouldn't bet on it happening before Python 4000.
It's perfectly safe to continue using % formatting, if you choose.
--
Steven
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Re: string formatting
On Fri, 06 May 2011 14:10:17 +0200, Web Dreamer wrote: What I would like to know is the difference between deprecated and obsolete... Writing x*x instead of x**2 is obsolete, but it will never go away. Writing apply(func, args) instead of func(*args) is deprecated. It has gone away. Obsolete is a value judgment you are welcome to ignore. Deprecation is a formal process that warns you that your code *will* break in the future. -- Steven -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Wing IDE 4.0.2 Released
Hi, Wingware has released version 4.0.2 of Wing IDE, an integrated development environment designed specifically for the Python programming language. Wing IDE is a cross-platform Python IDE that provides a professional code editor with vi, emacs, and other key bindings, auto-completion, call tips, refactoring, a powerful graphical debugger, version control, unit testing, search, and many other features. **Changes in Version 4.0.2** * Added introduce variable refactoring operation * Support for using *.pi files to augment source analysis of *.py files * Support autocompletion for PySide Qt bindings * Recognize tags and attributes for HTML5 * Avoid problems with Ubuntu Unity * Fixed matplotlib support for GtkAgg backend and missing default backend * Syntax highlight comments in Django template files * Fixed syntax highlighting for Cython, VHDL, R, and several others * Fixed failure to replace all search matches near the end of a file * About 40 other bug fixes and minor improvements See the change log for details. **New Features in Version 4.0** Version 4.0 adds the following new major features: * Refactoring -- Rename/move, extract to function/method, and introduce variable * Find Uses -- Find all points of use of a symbol * Diff/Merge -- Graphical file and repository comparison and merge * Django Support -- Debug Django templates, run Django unit tests, and more * matplotlib Support -- Maintains live-updating plots in shell and debugger * Simplified Licensing -- Includes all OSes and adds Support+Upgrades subscriptions Complete change log: http://wingware.com/pub/wingide/4.0.2/CHANGELOG.txt Details on licensing changes: http://wingware.com/news/2011-02-16 **About Wing IDE** Wing IDE is an integrated development environment designed specifically for the Python programming language. It provides powerful editing, testing, and debugging features that help reduce development and debugging time, cut down on coding errors, and make it easier to understand and navigate Python code. Wing IDE can be used to develop Python code for web, GUI, and embedded scripting applications. Wing IDE is available in three product levels: Wing IDE Professional is the full-featured Python IDE, Wing IDE Personal offers a reduced feature set at a low price, and Wing IDE 101 is a free simplified version designed for teaching beginning programming courses with Python. Version 4.0 of Wing IDE Professional includes the following major features: * Professional quality code editor with vi, emacs, and other keyboard personalities * Code intelligence for Python: Auto-completion, call tips, find uses, goto-definition, error indicators, refactoring, smart indent and rewrapping, and source navigation * Advanced multi-threaded debugger with graphical UI, command line interaction, conditional breakpoints, data value tooltips over code, watch tool, and externally launched and remote debugging * Powerful search and replace options including keyboard driven and graphical UIs, multi-file, wild card, and regular expression search and replace * Version control integration for Subversion, CVS, Bazaar, git, Mercurial, and Perforce * Integrated unit testing with unittest, nose, and doctest frameworks * Django support: Debugs Django templates, provides project setup tools, and runs Django unit tests * Many other features including project manager, bookmarks, code snippets, diff/merge tool, OS command integration, indentation manager, PyLint integration, and perspectives * Extremely configurable and may be extended with Python scripts * Extensive product documentation and How-Tos for Django, matplotlib, Plone, wxPython, PyQt, mod_wsgi, Autodesk Maya, and many other frameworks Please refer to http://wingware.com/wingide/features for a detailed listing of features by product level. System requirements are Windows 2000 or later, OS X 10.3.9 or later (requires X11 Server), or a recent Linux system (either 32 or 64 bit). Wing IDE supports Python versions 2.0.x through 3.2.x and Stackless Python. For more information, see the http://wingware.com/ **Downloads** Wing IDE Professional and Wing IDE Personal are commercial software and require a license to run. A free trial can be obtained directly from the product when launched. Wing IDE Pro -- Full-featured product: http://wingware.com/downloads/wingide/4.0 Wing IDE Personal -- A simplified IDE: http://wingware.com/downloads/wingide-personal/4.0 Wing IDE 101 -- For teaching with Python: http://wingware.com/downloads/wingide-101/4.0 **Purchasing and Upgrading** Wing 4.0 requires an upgrade for Wing IDE 2.x and 3.x users at a cost of 1/2 the full product pricing. Upgrade a license: https://wingware.com/store/upgrade Purchase a new license: https://wingware.com/store/purchase -- The Wingware Team Wingware | Python IDE Advancing Software Development www.wingware.com -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: Python IDE/text-editor
No thanks, it's shareware, doesn't included embedded python interpreter out-of-the-box, and isn't portable. On Fri, May 6, 2011 at 2:39 PM, JussiJ jus...@zeusedit.com wrote: On Apr 16, 1:20 pm, Alec Taylor alec.tayl...@gmail.com wrote: I'm looking for an IDE which offers syntax-highlighting, code-completion, tabs, The Zeus editor does offers all these features: http://www.zeusedit.com/ Zeus is also scriptable and Zeus scripts can be written in Python. Zeus also does Python smart indenting and code folding. an embedded interpreter and which is portable Zeus does not have an embedded Python interpreter, but by using something like tee.exe it should be possible to emulate this: http://www.zeusedit.com/zforum/viewtopic.php?t=3156 (for running from USB on Windows). Zeus is a Windows editor but it is not a Protable application. NOTE: Zeus is shareware. Jussi Jumppanen Author: Zeus for Windows -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: string formatting
On 06/05/2011 08:18, Jabba Laci wrote:
Hi,
Which is the preferred way of string formatting?
(1) the %s is %s % ('sky', 'blue')
(2) the {0} is {1}.format('sky', 'blue')
(3) the {} is {}.format('sky', 'blue')
As I know (1) is old style. (2) and (3) are new but (3) is only
supported from Python 2.7+.
Which one should be used?
I use Python 3, and I tend to use (3), unless I need to use the same
value more than once.
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Re: string formatting
On Fri, 2011-05-06 at 15:58 +0100, MRAB wrote:
On 06/05/2011 08:18, Jabba Laci wrote:
Which is the preferred way of string formatting?
(1) the %s is %s % ('sky', 'blue')
(2) the {0} is {1}.format('sky', 'blue')
(3) the {} is {}.format('sky', 'blue')
As I know (1) is old style. (2) and (3) are new but (3) is only
supported from Python 2.7+.
Which one should be used?
I use Python 3, and I tend to use (3), unless I need to use the same
value more than once.
I like:
'my name is {name}'.format(name='Adam')
That makes things clearest, IMO.
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Re: string formatting
On 06/05/2011 16:06, Adam Tauno Williams wrote:
On Fri, 2011-05-06 at 15:58 +0100, MRAB wrote:
On 06/05/2011 08:18, Jabba Laci wrote:
Which is the preferred way of string formatting?
(1) the %s is %s % ('sky', 'blue')
(2) the {0} is {1}.format('sky', 'blue')
(3) the {} is {}.format('sky', 'blue')
As I know (1) is old style. (2) and (3) are new but (3) is only
supported from Python 2.7+.
Which one should be used?
I use Python 3, and I tend to use (3), unless I need to use the same
value more than once.
I like:
'my name is {name}'.format(name='Adam')
That makes things clearest, IMO.
I wouldn't do that for a short piece of text, but for a much longer
piece of text with multiple values, it does make it a lot clearer.
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Re: Coolest Python recipe of all time
On Mon, 02 May 2011 10:33:31 -0700, Raymond Hettinger wrote: I think it is time to give some visibility to some of the instructive and very cool recipes in ActiveState's python cookbook. [...] What are your favorites? I'm not sure if favourite is the right word, but I'm amazed by this one: McCarthy's amb (ambiguous) operator. http://code.activestate.com/recipes/577368 Here's how I might use it to solve the problem if making change. In Australian currency, I have 5, 10, 20, 50 cent and $1 and $2 coins. Ignoring the dollar coins, how can I make up change for any multiple of five cents up to a dollar? Suppose I have more 5 cent coins that I can deal with, and I want to make sure I hand out at least three of them. Here's how to make 45 cents worth of change: amb = Amb() a = amb(range(3, 21)) # number of 5 cent coins b = amb(range(11)) # number of 10 cent coins c = amb(range(6)) # number of 20 cent coins d = amb(range(3)) # number of 50 cent coins for _ in amb(lambda a,b,c,d: 5*a+10*b+20*c+50*d == 45): ... print a, b, c, d ... 3 1 1 0 3 3 0 0 5 0 1 0 5 2 0 0 7 1 0 0 9 0 0 0 Suppose I have some words, and want to put them together so that there are a certain number of vowels: amb = Amb() a = amb(['quick', 'slow', 'hungry', 'wise-old']) b = amb(['fox', 'hare', 'turtle', 'kangaroo']) c = amb(['lazy', 'stupid', 'sleepy', 'confused']) d = amb(['dog', 'aardvark', 'sloth', 'wombat']) def test(a, b, c, d): ... s = The %s brown %s jumped over the %s %s. % (a, b, c, d) ... num_vowels = sum(s.count(c) for c in 'aeiou') ... return num_vowels in (12, 18, 19) ... for _ in amb(test): ... print a, b, c, d ... quick fox lazy sloth quick fox lazy dog quick kangaroo stupid aardvark [...more solutions cut for brevity] hungry kangaroo confused aardvark As written, amb is just a brute-force solver using more magic than is good for any code, but it's fun to play with. -- Steven -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: seems like a bug in isinstance()
On Fri, May 6, 2011 at 4:20 AM, dmitrey dmitre...@gmail.com wrote: Thanks Cris, however, I had understood reason of the bug and mere informed Python developers of the bug to fix it. No you haven't. Few if any Python developers make a habit of reading this newsgroup. To actually report the issue so that it might get fixed, you need to add it to the issue tracker at http://bugs.python.org Anyway, I played around with this a little and was unable to reproduce it, so I suspect the issue is actually a bit more complicated than what Chris is describing. -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: Coolest Python recipe of all time
On Fri, May 6, 2011 at 9:59 AM, Steven D'Aprano steve+comp.lang.pyt...@pearwood.info wrote: On Mon, 02 May 2011 10:33:31 -0700, Raymond Hettinger wrote: I think it is time to give some visibility to some of the instructive and very cool recipes in ActiveState's python cookbook. [...] What are your favorites? I'm not sure if favourite is the right word, but I'm amazed by this one: McCarthy's amb (ambiguous) operator. http://code.activestate.com/recipes/577368 Here's how I might use it to solve the problem if making change. In Australian currency, I have 5, 10, 20, 50 cent and $1 and $2 coins. Ignoring the dollar coins, how can I make up change for any multiple of five cents up to a dollar? Suppose I have more 5 cent coins that I can deal with, and I want to make sure I hand out at least three of them. Here's how to make 45 cents worth of change: amb = Amb() a = amb(range(3, 21)) # number of 5 cent coins b = amb(range(11)) # number of 10 cent coins c = amb(range(6)) # number of 20 cent coins d = amb(range(3)) # number of 50 cent coins for _ in amb(lambda a,b,c,d: 5*a+10*b+20*c+50*d == 45): ... print a, b, c, d ... 3 1 1 0 3 3 0 0 5 0 1 0 5 2 0 0 7 1 0 0 9 0 0 0 Suppose I have some words, and want to put them together so that there are a certain number of vowels: amb = Amb() a = amb(['quick', 'slow', 'hungry', 'wise-old']) b = amb(['fox', 'hare', 'turtle', 'kangaroo']) c = amb(['lazy', 'stupid', 'sleepy', 'confused']) d = amb(['dog', 'aardvark', 'sloth', 'wombat']) def test(a, b, c, d): ... s = The %s brown %s jumped over the %s %s. % (a, b, c, d) ... num_vowels = sum(s.count(c) for c in 'aeiou') ... return num_vowels in (12, 18, 19) ... for _ in amb(test): ... print a, b, c, d ... quick fox lazy sloth quick fox lazy dog quick kangaroo stupid aardvark [...more solutions cut for brevity] hungry kangaroo confused aardvark As written, amb is just a brute-force solver using more magic than is good for any code, but it's fun to play with. I use a similar technique *a lot* for various kinds of constraint solvers, but I have yet to come up with a really satisfying spelling for it. Have you looked at the way this is done in Sage? Geremy Condra -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
setuptools for 64-bit 2.7.1 on 64-bit Windows 7?
Hi all, Can someone provide some search terms I can use to find guidelines for installing modules for my 'stock' 64-bit r 271:86832, Nov 27, 2010 [MSC v.1500 64 bit (AMD)] on Win32. Host is 64-bit Windows 7. My goal is to install suds. Period. That's all. So far I've spent the better part of two days trying to figure out how to make python setup.py install actually work. Current error involves ...no module named setuptools and, of course all I can find is the 32-bit setuptools-0.6c11.win32-py2.7.exe which fails with Python version 2.7 required, which was not found in the registry. There's nothing new here - all of this has appeared in various forums over the last few years - but none I have found contains an actual answer. Simple question: Is it true that no setuptools (or any other module installer) exists for 64-bit python 2.7.1? If there is an installer that works, what terms might I use to Google for information on how to acquire and install it? Regards, Dick Bridges (\(\ Western Digital ¸. .. ( . .) The opinions and data in this missive are my own and do not necessarily | ° ¡ represent Western Digital positions, strategies, or opinions. ¿ ; c?.UJ Glenda: http://glenda.cat-v.org/gallery/ http://glenda.cat-v.org/gallery/ -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: PIL: The _imaging C module is not installed
On 06-05-11 15:56, Nico Grubert wrote: However, running the selftest still fails: $ python selftest.py *** The _imaging C module is not installed I had this happening to me as well someday. I recall that first installing it (python setup.py install), and then rerunning selftest, solved that error. Irmen -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: Hello Friends
On Thu, 05 May 2011 21:55:22 -0700, Ashraf Ali wrote: Do you need legal help.If so Please visit www.chicagopersonalinjurylawyerz.blogspot.com sorry I would only use a reputable firm (spaming a news group makes you disreputable by default) -- My NOSE is NUMB! -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: What other languages use the same data model as Python?
John Nagle wrote:
A reasonable compromise would be that is is treated as == on
immutable objects.
(Note: I have no dog in this fight, I would be happy with a changed
is or with the current one -- leaky abstractions are fine with
me, provided I am told *when* they may -- or sometimes may not --
leak. :-) )
On 5/5/2011 3:06 AM, Gregory Ewing wrote:
That wouldn't work for tuples, which can contain references
to other objects that are not immutable.
On Thu, May 5, 2011 at 9:41 AM, John Nagle na...@animats.com wrote:
Such tuples are still identical, even if they
contain identical references to immutable objects.
In article mailman.1196.1304613911.9059.python-l...@python.org
Ian Kelly ian.g.ke...@gmail.com wrote:
a = (1, 2, [3, 4, 5])
b = (1, 2, [3, 4, 5])
a == b
True
a is b # Using the proposed definition
True
I believe that John Nagle's proposal would make a is b false,
because while a and b are both immutable, they contain *different*
refernces to *mutable* objects (thus failing the identical
references to immutable objects part of the claim).
On the other hand, should one do:
L = [3, 4, 5]
a = (1, 2, L)
b = (1, 2, L)
then a is b should (I say) be True under the proposal -- even
though they contain (identical) references to *mutable* objects.
Loosely speaking, we would define the is relation as:
(x is y) if and only if
(id(x) == id(y)
or
(x is immutable and y is immutable and
(for all components xi and yi of x, xi is yi)))
In this case, even if the tuples a and b have different id()s,
we would find that both have an immutable type, and both have
components -- in this case, numbered, subscriptable tuple elements,
but instances of immutable class types like decimal.Decimal would
have dictionaries instead -- and thus we would recursively apply
the modified is definition to each element. (For tuples, the
all components implies that the lengths must be equal; for class
instances, it implies that they need to have is-equal attributes,
etc.)
It's not entirely clear to me whether different immutable classes
(i.e., different types) but with identical everything-else should
compare equal under this modified is. I.e., today:
$ cp /usr/lib/python2.?/decimal.py /tmp/deccopy.py
$ python
...
sys.path.append('/tmp')
import decimal
import deccopy
x = decimal.Decimal('1')
y = deccopy.Decimal('1')
print x, y
1 1
x == y
False
and obviously x is y is currently False:
type(x)
class 'decimal.Decimal'
type(y)
class 'deccopy.Decimal'
However, even though the types differ, both x and y are immutable
[%] and obviously (because I copied the code) they have all the
same operations. Since they were both created with the same starting
value, x and y will behave identically given identical treatment.
As such, it might be reasonable to ask that x is y be True
rather than False.
[% This is not at all obvious -- I have written an immutable class,
and it is pretty easy to accidentally mutate an instance inside
the class implementation. There is nothing to prevent this in
CPython, at least. If there were a minor bug in the decimal.Decimal
code such that x.invoke_bug() modified x, then x would *not* be
immutable, even though it is intended to be. (As far as I know
there are no such bugs in decimal.Decimal, it's just that I had
them in my Money class.)]
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email: gmail (figure it out) http://web.torek.net/torek/index.html
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Re: What other languages use the same data model as Python?
In article GOmwp.13554$vp.9...@newsfe14.iad
harrismh777 harrismh...@charter.net wrote:
There may be some language somewhere that does pass-by-reference which
is not implemented under the hood as pointers, but I can't think of
any... 'cause like I've been saying, way down under the hood, we only
have direct and indirect memory addressing in today's processors. EOS.
There have been Fortran compilers that implemented modification of
variables via value-result rather than by-reference.
This is perhaps best illustrated by some code fragments:
SUBROUTINE FOO(X, Y)
INTEGER X, Y
...
X = 3
Y = 4
RETURN
SUBROUTINE BAR(A)
FOO(A, 0)
RETURN
might compile to the equivalent of the following C code:
void foo(int *x0, int *y0) {
int x = *x0, y = *y0;
...
*x0 = x;
*y0 = y;
}
void bar(int *a0) {
int a = *a0;
int temp = 0;
foo(a, temp);
*a0 = a;
}
In order to allow both by-reference and value-result, Fortran
forbids the programmer to peek at the machinery. That is, the
following complete program is invalid:
SUBROUTINE PEEK(X)
INTEGER X, GOTCHA
COMMON /BLOCK/ GOTCHA
PRINT *, 'INITIALLY GOTCHA = ', GOTCHA
X = 4
PRINT *, 'AFTER X=4 GOTCHA = ', GOTCHA
RETURN
PROGRAM MAIN
INTEGER GOTCHA
COMMON /BLOCK/ GOTCHA
GOTCHA = 3
PEEK(GOTCHA)
PRINT *, 'FINALLY GOTCHA = ', GOTCHA
STOP
END
(It has been so long since I used Fortran that the above may not
be quite right in ways other than the one intended. Please forgive
small errors. :-) )
The trick in subroutine peek is that it refers to both a global
variable (in Fortran, simulated with a common block) and a dummy
variable (as it is termed in Fortran) -- the parameter that aliases
the global variable -- in such a way that we can see *when* the
change happens. If gotcha starts out set to 3, remains 3 after
assignment to x, and changes to 4 after peek() returns, then peek()
effectively used value-result to change the parameter. If, on the
other hand, gotcha became 4 immediately after the assignment to
x, then peek() effectively used by-reference.
The key take-away here is not so much the trick by which we peeked
inside the implementation (although peeking *is* useful in solving
the murder mystery we have after some program aborts with a
core-dump or what-have-you), but rather the fact that the Fortran
language proper forbids us from peeking at all. By forbidding it
-- by making the program illegal -- the language provide implementors
the freedom to use *either* by-reference or value-result. All
valid Fortran programs behave identically under either kind of
implementation.
Like it or not, Python has similar defined as undefined grey
areas: one is not promised, for instance, whether the is operator
is always True for small integers that are equal (although it is
in CPython), nor when __del__ is called (if ever), and so on. As
with the Python-named-Monty, we have rigidly defined areas of
doubt and uncertainty. These exist for good reasons: to allow
different implementations.
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Re: Coolest Python recipe of all time
On Fri, May 6, 2011 at 10:59 AM, Steven D'Aprano steve+comp.lang.pyt...@pearwood.info wrote: As written, amb is just a brute-force solver using more magic than is good for any code, but it's fun to play with. This isn't really amb; as you said it's just a brute-force solver with some weird syntax. The whole point of amb is to enable non-deterministic programming, such as this: def find_values(): a = amb(1, 3, 5) b = amb(2, 4, 8) if a + b = 5: fail() if not is_prime(a * b + 1): fail() c = amb(a, b, None) if c is not None and c 5: fail() return a, b, c The amb engine would conceptually execute this function for every possible combination of a, b, and c, pruning away the combinations that fail at some point, and arbitrarily returning one of the remaining combinations. So find_values() here might return (3, 4, None) after failing at one point or another on (1, 2); (1, 4); (1, 8); (3, 2); (3, 4, 3); and (3; 4; 4). Note in particular that the declaration of c is not easily expressible using the Python recipe. This is typically implemented using continuations, and I'm not sure whether a true amb could actually be achieved in Python without adding continuations or flow-control macros to the language. -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: Hello Friends
Alister Ware alister.w...@ntlworld.com writes: On Thu, 05 May 2011 21:55:22 -0700, Ashraf Ali wrote: Do you need legal help.If so Please visit sorry I would only use a reputable firm (spaming a news group makes you disreputable by default) Does it make you disreputable? Since you just repeated the spamvertized URL... -- John Bokma j3b Blog: http://johnbokma.com/Facebook: http://www.facebook.com/j.j.j.bokma Freelance Perl Python Development: http://castleamber.com/ -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: What other languages use the same data model as Python?
In article iq1e0j02...@news2.newsguy.com I wrote, in part: Like it or not, Python has similar defined as undefined grey areas: one is not promised, for instance, whether the is operator is always True for small integers that are equal (although it is in CPython), nor when __del__ is called (if ever), and so on. As with the Python-named-Monty, we have rigidly defined areas of doubt and uncertainty. These exist for good reasons: to allow different implementations. Oops, attribution error: this comes from Douglas Adams rather than Monty Python. -- In-Real-Life: Chris Torek, Wind River Systems Salt Lake City, UT, USA (40°39.22'N, 111°50.29'W) +1 801 277 2603 email: gmail (figure it out) http://web.torek.net/torek/index.html -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: string formatting
Steven D'Aprano wrote:
It's perfectly safe to continue using % formatting, if you choose.
I would hope so, since its the way in most of the books, much of the
doc and a majority of the code...
I don't really like the old style, not because there is anything
wrong with it, because its an obvious carry-over from the cryptic
formatting style of 'C' printf(), and others. It seems to me that the
purpose of formatting is to make output clear, and therefore the output
formatting style itself should be clear and clean.
On the other hand, among the three styles listed by the OP
(1) the %s is %s % ('sky', 'blue')
(2) the {0} is {1}.format('sky', 'blue')
(3) the {} is {}.format('sky', 'blue')
... they all *feel* good... I mean, they're all clear, clean,
precise...
On the other hand, while any 'C' programmer is able to see instantly
that (1) is a some type of formatting construct, (2) (3) are clear and
obvious formatting constructs, even for newbies and esp. for non 'C'
programmers.
On the other hand, at this point, it seems that this is personal
preference issue completely. So, if the book says you can do it, and
there is no formal deprecation process in the works, feel free to
express yourself with the style that best suits 'you'.
On the other hand,. :)
kind regards,
m harris
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Re: What other languages use the same data model as Python?
Chris Torek wrote: with the Python-named-Monty, we have rigidly defined areas of doubt and uncertainty. These exist for good reasons: to allow different implementations. Oops, attribution error: this comes from Douglas Adams rather than Monty Python. Well, its certainly Monte-esq I like it, whoever said it. -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: checking if a list is empty
On 5/6/2011 7:34 AM, James Mills wrote: On Fri, May 6, 2011 at 4:36 PM, Jabba Lacijabba.l...@gmail.com wrote: If I want to check if a list is empty, which is the more pythonic way? [...] (2) if not li: This is fine. This is the intended way. Anything in addition is extra noise and wasted calculation. In other words, let Python do the boilerplate work for you. -- Terry Jan Reedy -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: Coolest Python recipe of all time
On Fri, May 6, 2011 at 12:36 PM, Ian Kelly ian.g.ke...@gmail.com wrote: This is typically implemented using continuations, and I'm not sure whether a true amb could actually be achieved in Python without adding continuations or flow-control macros to the language. I stand corrected. After poking around a bit more I found this recipe that is designed for unit-testing but implements amb beautifully. http://lackingrhoticity.blogspot.com/2009/08/how-to-do-model-checking-of-python-code.html My code from the previous post using this recipe: def find_values(chooser): def amb(*choices): return chooser.choose(choices) def require(x): if not x: amb() a = amb(1, 3, 5) b = amb(2, 4, 8) require(a + b 5) require(is_prime(a * b + 1)) c = amb(a, b, None) require(c is None or c = 5) return a, b, c check(find_values) The one downside is that the check function (again, designed for unit-testing) does not provide any way to retrieve the returned values, but that is easily solved by rewriting as a generator. Cheers, Ian -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: string formatting
harrismh777 wrote:OP wrote:
(1) the %s is %s % ('sky', 'blue')
(2) the {0} is {1}.format('sky', 'blue')
(3) the {} is {}.format('sky', 'blue')
On the other hand, consider this 3.x code snip:
print(the %s is %d % ('sky', 'blue'))
That formatting will throw an exception, because the format
construct is restricting the format entry to be a number, which 'blue'
clearly isn't
The following print() is better, because *any* time or *most* types
can be substituted and the 'polymorphism' of Python kicks in allowing
for that, as so:
print(the {} is {}.format('sky', 3.4))
print(the {} is {}.format('sky', 'blue'))
l=['cloudy', 'today']
print(the {} is {}.format('sky', l))
On the other hand, :)
kind regards,
m harris
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Python 3 dict question
hi all, suppose I have Python dict myDict and I know it's not empty. I have to get any (key, value) pair from the dict (no matter which one) and perform some operation. In Python 2 I used mere key, val = myDict.items()[0] but in Python 3 myDict.items() return iterator. Of course, I could use for key, val in myDict.items(): do_something break but maybe there is any better way? Thank you in advance, D. -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: checking if a list is empty
Terry Reedy wrote: (2) if not li: This is fine. This is the intended way. Anything in addition is extra noise and wasted calculation. In other words, let Python do the boilerplate work for you. I agree, but I don't like it. ... if not li says nothing about what li is supposed to 'be' and implies in any case that li does not exist, or worse is some kind of boolean. li is in fact an empty list [] and will identify as such, and of course (as a list object) has all of the attributes and methods of a list... Why not have a list method that makes this more explicit: if not li.emptylist() if not li.empty([]) there might be others... kind regards, m harris -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: Python 3 dict question
On Fri, May 6, 2011 at 12:40 PM, dmitrey dmitre...@gmail.com wrote: hi all, suppose I have Python dict myDict and I know it's not empty. I have to get any (key, value) pair from the dict (no matter which one) and perform some operation. In Python 2 I used mere key, val = myDict.items()[0] but in Python 3 myDict.items() return iterator. Of course, I could use for key, val in myDict.items(): do_something break but maybe there is any better way? key, val = next(myDict.items()) Cheers, Chris -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: string formatting
On 2011-05-06, harrismh777 harrismh...@charter.net wrote: Steven D'Aprano wrote: It's perfectly safe to continue using % formatting, if you choose. I would hope so, since its the way in most of the books, much of the doc and a majority of the code... I don't really like the old style, not because there is anything wrong with it, because its an obvious carry-over from the cryptic formatting style of 'C' printf(), and others. It seems to me that the purpose of formatting is to make output clear, and therefore the output formatting style itself should be clear and clean. C's printf is a venerable example of the power of notation. Notation kicks ass. Another that's well known are regular expressions. Python uses this powerful idea again in the struct module. Any other places? Functions and classes are a general purpose, though verbose, form of notation and can be used in place of mini languages when you don't want to bother, e.g., C++'s iostreams, and pyparsing's grammar declarations. Lisp declared that you could implement mini-languages in Lisp, rather than just parsing them. Python 3's format notation is an improvement for Python, since Python doesn't need the type information that's crucial for C and particularly scanf, an application of C's mini-language that Python doesn't need. Delimiting the escape sequences also makes it easier to read and parse complex formating declarations. For simple constructs there's not much difference between them, but if you switch to .format you'll probably reap some benefit. -- Neil Cerutti -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: string formatting
On Fri, May 6, 2011 at 1:39 PM, harrismh777 harrismh...@charter.net wrote:
harrismh777 wrote: OP wrote:
(1) the %s is %s % ('sky', 'blue')
(2) the {0} is {1}.format('sky', 'blue')
(3) the {} is {}.format('sky', 'blue')
On the other hand, consider this 3.x code snip:
print(the %s is %d % ('sky', 'blue'))
That formatting will throw an exception, because the format construct is
restricting the format entry to be a number, which 'blue' clearly isn't
If you used %d, then that exception is presumably what you wanted. If
not, then you should just do:
print(the %s is %s % ('sky', 'blue'))
The following print() is better, because *any* time or *most* types can be
substituted and the 'polymorphism' of Python kicks in allowing for that, as
so:
'%s' has exactly the same degree of polymorphism as '{}', because both
simply call str() on their argument. There are good reasons to use
format instead of % if possible, but polymorphism isn't one of them.
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Re: Python 3 dict question
On May 6, 10:51 pm, Chris Rebert c...@rebertia.com wrote:
On Fri, May 6, 2011 at 12:40 PM, dmitrey dmitre...@gmail.com wrote:
hi all,
suppose I have Python dict myDict and I know it's not empty.
I have to get any (key, value) pair from the dict (no matter which
one) and perform some operation.
In Python 2 I used mere
key, val = myDict.items()[0]
but in Python 3 myDict.items() return iterator.
Of course, I could use
for key, val in myDict.items():
do_something
break
but maybe there is any better way?
key, val = next(myDict.items())
Cheers,
Chris
Unfortunately, it doesn't work, it turn out to be dict_items:
next({1:2}.items())
Traceback (most recent call last):
File stdin, line 1, in module
TypeError: dict_items object is not an iterator
dir({1:2}.items())
['__and__', '__class__', '__contains__', '__delattr__', '__doc__',
'__eq__', '__format__', '__ge__', '__getattribute__', '__gt__',
'__hash__', '__init__', '__iter__', '__le__', '__len__', '__lt__',
'__ne__', '__new__', '__or__', '__rand__', '__reduce__',
'__reduce_ex__', '__repr__', '__ror__', '__rsub__', '__rxor__',
'__setattr__', '__sizeof__', '__str__', '__sub__', '__subclasshook__',
'__xor__', 'isdisjoint']
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Re: Coolest Python recipe of all time
[Steven D'Aprano]: As written, amb is just a brute-force solver using more magic than is good for any code, but it's fun to play with. With a small change in API, much of the magic isn't needed. from itertools import product def amb(func, *argument_ranges): for args in product(*argument_ranges): if func(*args): print(args) amb(lambda a,b,c,d: 5*a+10*b+20*c+50*d == 45, range(3, 21), # number of 5 cent coins range(11), # number of 10 cent coins range(6), # number of 20 cent coins range(3), # number of 50 cent coins ) def test(a, b, c, d): s = The %s brown %s jumped over the %s %s. % (a, b, c, d) num_vowels = sum(s.count(c) for c in 'aeiou') return num_vowels in (12, 18, 19) amb(test, ['quick', 'slow', 'hungry', 'wise-old'], ['fox', 'hare', 'turtle', 'kangaroo'], ['lazy', 'stupid', 'sleepy', 'confused'], ['dog', 'aardvark', 'sloth', 'wombat'], ) amb(lambda x, y, z: x*x + y*y == z*z, range(1, 11), range(1, 11), range(1, 11), ) Raymond follow my recipes and tips on twitter: @raymondh -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: checking if a list is empty
On Fri, May 6, 2011 at 1:31 PM, Terry Reedy tjre...@udel.edu wrote: On 5/6/2011 7:34 AM, James Mills wrote: On Fri, May 6, 2011 at 4:36 PM, Jabba Lacijabba.l...@gmail.com wrote: If I want to check if a list is empty, which is the more pythonic way? [...] (2) if not li: This is fine. This is the intended way. Anything in addition is extra noise and wasted calculation. In other words, let Python do the boilerplate work for you. That works for lists, but for a class that implements a list-like interface, subclassing list or not, it will not always work the way you want. The language reference indicates that, for the implicit cast to a bool, __bool__ is checked on the object, then __len__, and then it defaults to True [1]. So the above only works the way you expect if __len__ is the normal length for a list and __bool__ is not defined. I ran into this once when I had a class that defined __len__ but wanted the object to cast to True no matter what. For my case I chose to redefine __bool__. So it seems like this boils down to what you want to know. Is the list empty (length 0) or is the boolean version false? Again, for lists these are the same. For list-like classes they are not necessarily the same. Incidently, you can also check if li == []:. This will let the __eq__ operator jump in. -eric [1] http://docs.python.org/dev/py3k/reference/datamodel.html#object.__bool__ -- Terry Jan Reedy -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: Python 3 dict question
On Fri, May 6, 2011 at 1:51 PM, Chris Rebert c...@rebertia.com wrote: On Fri, May 6, 2011 at 12:40 PM, dmitrey dmitre...@gmail.com wrote: hi all, suppose I have Python dict myDict and I know it's not empty. I have to get any (key, value) pair from the dict (no matter which one) and perform some operation. In Python 2 I used mere key, val = myDict.items()[0] but in Python 3 myDict.items() return iterator. Of course, I could use for key, val in myDict.items(): do_something break but maybe there is any better way? key, val = next(myDict.items()) Recognizing that if myDict is empty then this will raise StopIteration instead of KeyError. -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: checking if a list is empty
On Fri, 2011-05-06 at 14:49 -0500, harrismh777 wrote: Terry Reedy wrote: (2) if not li: This is fine. This is the intended way. Anything in addition is extra noise and wasted calculation. In other words, let Python do the boilerplate work for you. I agree, but I don't like it. +1 This is the Python reality-distortion-field at work. Motto#1: Python is all about readability! Motto#2: Crytic code is awesome if it is Pythoncally cryptic! I'd never accept code like if not x as an empty test. ... if not li says nothing about what li is supposed to 'be' and implies in any case that li does not exist, or worse is some kind of boolean. li is in fact an empty list [] and will identify as such, and of course (as a list object) has all of the attributes and methods of a list... Why not have a list method that makes this more explicit: if not li.emptylist() if not li.empty([]) there might be others... Good luck. Just code - # You can immediately tell what this is meant to do! if len(x) == 0: - and ignore the Pythonistas [they're nuts; that x.count() doesn't work is amazingly stupid]. -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: checking if a list is empty
On Fri, May 6, 2011 at 1:05 PM, Adam Tauno Williams awill...@whitemice.org wrote: snip - and ignore the Pythonistas [they're nuts; that x.count() doesn't work is amazingly stupid]. Eh? It works fine. [5, 2, 2, 1, 2].count(2) == 3. If you mean you want len(x) to be spelled x.count(), that's equally stupid; `count` would be a lousy name (people would confuse it with what the current .count() does). `length` or `size` would make much more sense. Cheers, Chris -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: Python 3 dict question
On Fri, May 6, 2011 at 1:57 PM, dmitrey dmitre...@gmail.com wrote:
Unfortunately, it doesn't work, it turn out to be dict_items:
next({1:2}.items())
Traceback (most recent call last):
File stdin, line 1, in module
TypeError: dict_items object is not an iterator
So call iter() on it first:
next(iter(myDict.items()))
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How can I print one sqlite table with UTF-8 collumn
I have one sqlite database called aripuanaonline.db. In this database I have one table with two collumns first with autoincrement not null and other with varchar(100) not null. I got this error: Traceback (most recent call last): File C:\Documents and Settings\Marco\Desktop\aripuanaonline\aripuana.py, line 9, in module rows = cursor.fetchall() sqlite3.OperationalError: Could not decode to UTF-8 column 'mensagem' with text 'Shampoo Pantene Restaura��o Profunda � vista por R$4,99' How can I print my table? --- Jayme Proni Filho Skype: jaymeproni Twitter: @jaymeproni Phone: +55 - 17 - 3631 - 6576 Mobile: +55 - 17 - 9605 - 3560 e-Mail: jaymeproni at yahoo dot com dot br --- -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: Python 3 dict question
dmitrey dmitre...@gmail.com writes: hi all, suppose I have Python dict myDict and I know it's not empty. I have to get any (key, value) pair from the dict (no matter which one) and perform some operation. In Python 2 I used mere key, val = myDict.items()[0] but in Python 3 myDict.items() return iterator. Of course, I could use for key, val in myDict.items(): do_something break but maybe there is any better way? key, val = next(iter(myDict.items())) http://docs.python.org/py3k/library/stdtypes.html#dictionary-view-objects HTH, Rob -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: string formatting
On 5/6/2011 3:22 PM, harrismh777 wrote: I don't really like the old style, not because there is anything wrong with it, There is in that it special cases tuples. For instance, a message function like def emsg(x): print(The following object caused a proplem: %s % x) raises TypeError: not all arguments converted during string formatting if x is a tuple with other than 1 member and extracts x[0] if there is just one. Neither is the desired behavior. That has been a problem (and sometimes a debugging puzzle) in real code One has to remember to write something like def emsg(x): if isinstance(x,tuple): x = (x,) print(The following object caused a proplem: %s % x) Guido sees that his original design is a bit of a bug trap, which is one reason he wanted to replace it. -- Terry Jan Reedy -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: Python 3 dict question
[dmitrey] hi all, suppose I have Python dict myDict and I know it's not empty. I have to get any (key, value) pair from the dict (no matter which one) and perform some operation. In Python 2 I used mere key, val = myDict.items()[0] but in Python 3 myDict.items() return iterator. Of course, I could use for key, val in myDict.items(): do_something break but maybe there is any better way? key, val = list(myDict.items())[0] -- nirinA -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: checking if a list is empty
On May 6, 2:36 am, Jabba Laci jabba.l...@gmail.com wrote: Hi, If I want to check if a list is empty, which is the more pythonic way? li = [] (1) if len(li) == 0: ... or (2) if not li: ... Thanks, Laszlo is there any problem with (3) if li == []: ? Seems to work when I test it and seems to clearly test what you are trying to test. The only problem might be if in some contexts == has the semantics of checking for object identity. -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: setuptools for 64-bit 2.7.1 on 64-bit Windows 7?
On Fri, May 6, 2011 at 1:43 PM, Dick Bridges dick.brid...@wdc.com wrote: Simple question: Is it true that no setuptools (or any other module installer) exists for 64-bit python 2.7.1? If there is an installer that works, what terms might I use to Google for information on how to acquire and install it? Doesn't the installer at http://www.lfd.uci.edu/~gohlke/pythonlibs/ work? -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Dictionary Views -- good examples? [was Re: Python 3 dict question]
Ian Kelly wrote:
On Fri, May 6, 2011 at 1:57 PM, dmitrey dmitre...@gmail.com wrote:
Unfortunately, it doesn't work, it turn out to be dict_items:
next({1:2}.items())
Traceback (most recent call last):
File stdin, line 1, in module
TypeError: dict_items object is not an iterator
So call iter() on it first:
next(iter(myDict.items()))
Which is becoming less elegant. Seems to me that View objects should be
directly iterable, but then I don't really understand the motivation
behind them or what greatness is facilitated by having them.
Anybody care to chime in with their usage of this construct?
~Ethan~
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Re: checking if a list is empty
On May 5, 11:36 pm, Jabba Laci jabba.l...@gmail.com wrote: Hi, If I want to check if a list is empty, which is the more pythonic way? li = [] (1) if len(li) == 0: ... or (2) if not li: The Python core developers use the second form. See http://www.python.org/dev/peps/pep-0008/ for the official recommendation. Raymond -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: checking if a list is empty
On May 6, 2011, at 5:57 PM, scattered wrote: On May 6, 2:36 am, Jabba Laci jabba.l...@gmail.com wrote: Hi, If I want to check if a list is empty, which is the more pythonic way? li = [] (1) if len(li) == 0: ... or (2) if not li: ... Thanks, Laszlo is there any problem with (3) if li == []: ? What if it's not a list but a tuple or a numpy array? Often I just want to iterate through an element's items and I don't care if it's a list, set, etc. For instance, given this function definition -- def print_items(an_iterable): if not an_iterable: print The iterable is empty else: for item in an_iterable: print item I get the output I want with all of these calls: print_items( list() ) print_items( tuple() ) print_items( set() ) print_items( numpy.array([]) ) Given this slightly different definition, only the first call gives me the output I expect: def print_items(an_iterable): if an_iterable == []: print The iterable is empty else: for item in an_iterable: print item I find I use the the former style (if not an_iterable) almost exclusively. bye Philip -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: What other languages use the same data model as Python?
On Sat, May 7, 2011 at 5:25 AM, harrismh777 harrismh...@charter.net wrote: Chris Torek wrote: with the Python-named-Monty, we have rigidly defined areas of doubt and uncertainty. These exist for good reasons: to allow different implementations. Oops, attribution error: this comes from Douglas Adams rather than Monty Python. Well, its certainly Monte-esq I like it, whoever said it. Same style of humour, they both derived significantly from Spike Milligan and The Goon Show. That particular quote relates to the famous computer that calculated the number 42, which - to drag this, kicking and screaming, back to some semblance of on-topicness - was clearly built with a view to conserving programmer time at the expense of execution time. I don't understand why they didn't just recode the heavy computation in C and cut it down to just a few thousand years... Chris Angelico -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: checking if a list is empty
On Fri, May 6, 2011 at 4:21 PM, Philip Semanchuk phi...@semanchuk.com wrote:
What if it's not a list but a tuple or a numpy array? Often I just want to
iterate through an element's items and I don't care if it's a list, set, etc.
For instance, given this function definition --
def print_items(an_iterable):
if not an_iterable:
print The iterable is empty
else:
for item in an_iterable:
print item
I get the output I want with all of these calls:
print_items( list() )
print_items( tuple() )
print_items( set() )
print_items( numpy.array([]) )
But sadly it fails on iterators:
print_items(xrange(0))
print_items(-x for x in [])
print_items({}.iteritems())
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Re: string formatting
On Sat, May 7, 2011 at 6:54 AM, Terry Reedy tjre...@udel.edu wrote: def emsg(x): if isinstance(x,tuple): x = (x,) print(The following object caused a proplem: %s % x) Couldn't you just do that unconditionally? print(The following object caused a proplem: %s % (x,)) Chris Angelico -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: Dictionary Views -- good examples? [was Re: Python 3 dict question]
On Fri, May 6, 2011 at 4:49 PM, Ethan Furman et...@stoneleaf.us wrote:
Ian Kelly wrote:
On Fri, May 6, 2011 at 1:57 PM, dmitrey dmitre...@gmail.com wrote:
Unfortunately, it doesn't work, it turn out to be dict_items:
next({1:2}.items())
Traceback (most recent call last):
File stdin, line 1, in module
TypeError: dict_items object is not an iterator
So call iter() on it first:
next(iter(myDict.items()))
Which is becoming less elegant.
That's not even the worst of it. If the dict is empty, then the code
above will raise a StopIteration, which must be caught locally since
if it propagates it could be swallowed by a generator. So a full
recipe should really look more like this:
try:
first_item = next(iter(my_dict.items()))
except StopIteration:
raise ValueError(empty dict)
Seems to me that View objects should be directly iterable
They are. They're just not directly nextable because they're treated
as dependent collections, not iterators.
but then I don't really understand the motivation behind them or what
greatness is facilitated by having them.
Anybody care to chime in with their usage of this construct?
You should start with PEP 3106. The main idea is that dict.keys() and
dict.items() can be treated as frozensets, while still being more
lightweight than lists. That lets you do nifty things like a.keys()
== b.keys() which, if a and b are Python 3 dicts, will tell you
whether they contain the same keys.
Whether anybody actually uses this, I have no idea.
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Re: checking if a list is empty
On May 7, 12:51 am, Ian Kelly ian.g.ke...@gmail.com wrote:
On Fri, May 6, 2011 at 4:21 PM, Philip Semanchuk phi...@semanchuk.com wrote:
What if it's not a list but a tuple or a numpy array? Often I just want to
iterate through an element's items and I don't care if it's a list, set,
etc. For instance, given this function definition --
def print_items(an_iterable):
if not an_iterable:
print The iterable is empty
else:
for item in an_iterable:
print item
I get the output I want with all of these calls:
print_items( list() )
print_items( tuple() )
print_items( set() )
print_items( numpy.array([]) )
But sadly it fails on iterators:
print_items(xrange(0))
print_items(-x for x in [])
print_items({}.iteritems())
My stab:
from itertools import chain
def print_it(iterable):
it = iter(iterable)
try:
head = next(it)
except StopIteration:
print 'Empty'
return
for el in chain( (head,), it ):
print el
Not sure if I'm truly happy with that though.
Jon
Jon.
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Re: checking if a list is empty
On Sat, May 7, 2011 at 6:05 AM, Adam Tauno Williams
awill...@whitemice.org wrote:
On Fri, 2011-05-06 at 14:49 -0500, harrismh777 wrote:
Terry Reedy wrote:
(2) if not li:
This is fine.
This is the intended way. Anything in addition is extra noise and wasted
calculation. In other words, let Python do the boilerplate work for you.
I agree, but I don't like it.
+1 This is the Python reality-distortion-field at work.
Motto#1: Python is all about readability!
Motto#2: Crytic code is awesome if it is Pythoncally cryptic!
As a C and C++ programmer, I probably shouldn't offer an opinion, but
it is quite normal in C++ to compare objects for truth/falseness - for
instance, stream objects return false on error/eof, so you can
efficiently code a loop with while (infile) {...}. Not to mention
that the nullness of a C string (a PSZ) is quite happily and safely
tested by seeing if the pointer is true (non-null) or false (null).
That said, though, readability is a relative thing. A construct is
transparently obvious if it does something in the exact same way that
it's always been done, no matter how obscure it was the first time.
Why is it, for instance, that putting two short strokes perpendicular
to one another indicates addition? Yet if you see the construct x +
y, you know exactly what it means - it's readable, it's not cryptic
at all. People assume and expect that this compact syntax will be
available, and object heavily to such notation as add(x,y) which
says exactly what it does.
if not li:
is perfectly readable; you just need a comprehension of what truth
means for a list.
Chris Angelico
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PyGTK, Glade/libglade. What am I doing wrong?
Sorry for my English (I could not find help in the Russian community)
I'm trying to learn PyGTK and Glade. I made test window in Glade and
saved it as test.glade (attached). Then I wrote script
test.py(attached, http://pastebin.com/waKytam3). I tried to run it.
While the script was executed, console did not show anything and
window wasn't displayed. When I pressed CTRL+С console displayed
trackback:
---
CTraceback (most recent call last):
File test.py, line 32, in module
gtk.main()
KeyboardInterrupt
---
So what am I doing wrong?
--
Best wishes,
Daniil
#!/usr/bin/env python
import sys
try:
import pygtk
pygtk.require(2.0)
except:
pass
try:
import gtk
import gtk.glade
except:
sys.exit(1)
class TestPyGtk:
This is an Hello World GTK application
def __init__(self):
#Set the Glade file
self.gladefile = test.glade
self.wTree = gtk.glade.XML(self.gladefile)
#Create our dictionay and connect it
dic = {on_MainWindow_destroy : gtk.main_quit }
self.wTree.signal_autoconnect(dic)
if __name__ == __main__:
TestPyGtk = TestPyGtk()
gtk.main()
test.glade
Description: application/glade
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Re: string formatting
On Fri, 06 May 2011 14:39:15 -0500, harrismh777 wrote:
On the other hand, consider this 3.x code snip:
print(the %s is %d % ('sky', 'blue'))
That formatting will throw an exception, because the format
construct is restricting the format entry to be a number, which 'blue'
clearly isn't
Er, yes. That's clearly deliberate, because the target uses %d rather
than %s. If the author wanted to accept anything, she would used %r or %s.
You might as well argue that:
print(the {} is {}.format('sky', int(x)))
is wrong, because if you leave the int out, any object can be used.
The following print() is better, because *any* time or *most* types
can be substituted and the 'polymorphism' of Python kicks in allowing
for that, as so:
print(the {} is {}.format('sky', 3.4))
This is not comparing apples with apples. The format equivalent is:
print(the {} is {:d}.format('sky', 'blue'))
which will also raise an exception, ValueError instead of TypeError.
--
Steven
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Re: PyGTK, Glade/libglade. What am I doing wrong?
On May 6, 2011 7:05 PM, Даниил Рыжков daniil...@gmail.com wrote: Sorry for my English (I could not find help in the Russian community) I'm trying to learn PyGTK and Glade. I made test window in Glade and saved it as test.glade (attached). Then I wrote script test.py(attached, http://pastebin.com/waKytam3). I tried to run it. While the script was executed, console did not show anything and window wasn't displayed. When I pressed CTRL+С console displayed trackback: --- CTraceback (most recent call last): File test.py, line 32, in module gtk.main() KeyboardInterrupt --- So what am I doing wrong? I haven't used gtk before, but is there a show method or something similar you need, to actually make the window appear? The KeyboardInterrupt is normal. That's how control-c works. -- Best wishes, Daniil -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: checking if a list is empty
On Fri, 06 May 2011 16:05:09 -0400, Adam Tauno Williams wrote: I'd never accept code like if not x as an empty test. So much the worse for you then. The point of the if x idiom is that it is a polymorphic test which is independent of the type. It works with any non-broken object[1], no matter what x is, since it allows x to decide for itself whether it is empty or not. Of course, you can write your own polymorphic test: try: flag = len(x) == 0 except TypeError: # This *should* succeed, for anything not broken. If not, we can't # recover, so just let the exception propagate. flag = bool(x) # Hilariously, bool(x) may also try len(x) == 0... oh well. if flag: ... Congratulations! You've now found a way to write if x: in five lines, 53 characters (plus whitespace and comments) and an extraneous variable polluting the namespace. If you're being paid per line of code, this is a good win. Of course, sometimes you don't want polymorphism (or at least, not too much polymorphism). Sometimes I'll write if x == 0 or similar if I want to emphasize that x is a special case unrelated to the truth/falseness of x. But that's quite rare. Normally I trust x to decide for itself whether it is empty or not. [1] Arguably with the exception of iterables. But then the len(x) test doesn't work for them either. -- Steven -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: checking if a list is empty
On Fri, 06 May 2011 14:57:21 -0700, scattered wrote: is there any problem with (3) if li == []: ? Seems to work when I test it and seems to clearly test what you are trying to test. The only problem might be if in some contexts == has the semantics of checking for object identity. Yes, if li == [] works too. But how do you know li is a list and not some other sequence type? The advantage of the if x test is that it is independent of the type of x. -- Steven -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: PyGTK, Glade/libglade. What am I doing wrong?
I haven't used gtk before, but is there a show method or something similar you need, to actually make the window appear? I don't know. I think self.wTree = gtk.glade.XML(self.gladefile) should do this. For example, author of this tutorial (http://www.learningpython.com/2006/05/07/creating-a-gui-using-pygtk-and-glade/) wrote script similar to my. P.S. I have glade3 3.8.0, gtk 2.24.4, GNOME 2.32.1 and Python 2.7.1 -- Best wishes, Daniil -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: PyGTK, Glade/libglade. What am I doing wrong?
On May 6, 2011 7:05 PM, Даниил Рыжков daniil...@gmail.com wrote:
Sorry for my English (I could not find help in the Russian community)
I'm trying to learn PyGTK and Glade. I made test window in Glade and
saved it as test.glade (attached). Then I wrote script
test.py(attached, http://pastebin.com/waKytam3). I tried to run it.
While the script was executed, console did not show anything and
window wasn't displayed. When I pressed CTRL+С console displayed
trackback:
---
CTraceback (most recent call last):
File test.py, line 32, in module
gtk.main()
KeyboardInterrupt
---
So what am I doing wrong?
I haven't used gtk before, but is there a show method or something
similar you need, to actually make the window appear? The
KeyboardInterrupt is normal. That's how control-c works.
--
Best wishes,
Daniil
--
http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Hi.
Try this:
#!/usr/bin/env python
import gtk.glade
class TestPyGtk:
This is an Hello World GTK application
def __init__(self):
#Set the Glade file
self.gladefile = test.glade
self.glade = gtk.glade.XML(self.gladefile)
self.MainWindow = self.glade.get_widget('MainWindow')
self.MainWindow.show()
self.MainWindow.connect('destroy', lambda e:gtk.main_quit())
TestPyGtk()
gtk.main()
Regards.
Cristian.
List of Pygtk: http://www.daa.com.au/mailman/listinfo/pygtk
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Re: PyGTK, Glade/libglade. What am I doing wrong?
Thanks, Cristian! It works.
List of Pygtk: http://www.daa.com.au/mailman/listinfo/pygtk
Thanks again. Subscribed :)
2011/5/7 craf pyclut...@gmail.com:
Hi.
Try this:
#!/usr/bin/env python
import gtk.glade
class TestPyGtk:
This is an Hello World GTK application
def __init__(self):
#Set the Glade file
self.gladefile = test.glade
self.glade = gtk.glade.XML(self.gladefile)
self.MainWindow = self.glade.get_widget('MainWindow')
self.MainWindow.show()
self.MainWindow.connect('destroy', lambda e:gtk.main_quit())
TestPyGtk()
gtk.main()
Regards.
Cristian.
List of Pygtk: http://www.daa.com.au/mailman/listinfo/pygtk
--
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Daniil
--
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Testing tools classification
There is this nice page of testing tools taxonomy: http://pycheesecake.org/wiki/PythonTestingToolsTaxonomy But it does not list staf: http://staf.sourceforge.net/index.php. -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
[issue11015] Bring test.support docs up to date
Eli Bendersky eli...@gmail.com added the comment: Terry, I've incorporated your suggestions except the new formulation for verbosity to doctest.testmod, since it's not really clear which one is more accurate. I think it's intelligible as it is now (especially given that test.support is for use of Python contributors, and not random users). If you have strong preferences about it, feel free to commit another formulation. Ezio, I answered your comments in the code review tool. Regarding the use of assertEqual for the floating point results, I just didn't want to rely on the exact representation of these values. I'm not 100% sure Python ensures this is true on all platforms it supports. Recall that I was just replacing the fcmp code which did basically the same, also not comparing exactly. I will commit a fixed patch to default. I see no reason to backport this since test.support is just a tool for core-devs and contributors and is mainly used for future developments. -- ___ Python tracker rep...@bugs.python.org http://bugs.python.org/issue11015 ___ ___ Python-bugs-list mailing list Unsubscribe: http://mail.python.org/mailman/options/python-bugs-list/archive%40mail-archive.com
[issue11015] Bring test.support docs up to date
Roundup Robot devnull@devnull added the comment: New changeset 2fd435ac3551 by Eli Bendersky in branch 'default': Issue #11015: bring test.support docs up to date http://hg.python.org/cpython/rev/2fd435ac3551 -- nosy: +python-dev ___ Python tracker rep...@bugs.python.org http://bugs.python.org/issue11015 ___ ___ Python-bugs-list mailing list Unsubscribe: http://mail.python.org/mailman/options/python-bugs-list/archive%40mail-archive.com
[issue12015] possible characters in temporary file name is too few
Amaury Forgeot d'Arc amaur...@gmail.com added the comment: - How is it an issue? is the number of combinations really important to you? - Isn't there a greater risk of collisions on a case-insensitive filesystem? -- nosy: +amaury.forgeotdarc ___ Python tracker rep...@bugs.python.org http://bugs.python.org/issue12015 ___ ___ Python-bugs-list mailing list Unsubscribe: http://mail.python.org/mailman/options/python-bugs-list/archive%40mail-archive.com
[issue12014] str.format parses replacement field incorrectly
Changes by Mark Dickinson dicki...@gmail.com: -- nosy: +eric.smith, mark.dickinson ___ Python tracker rep...@bugs.python.org http://bugs.python.org/issue12014 ___ ___ Python-bugs-list mailing list Unsubscribe: http://mail.python.org/mailman/options/python-bugs-list/archive%40mail-archive.com
