ANN: eGenix pyOpenSSL Distribution 0.13.0-1.0.1c
ANNOUNCING eGenix.com pyOpenSSL Distribution Version 0.13.0-1.0.1c An easy-to-install and easy-to-use distribution of the pyOpenSSL Python interface for OpenSSL - available for Windows, Mac OS X and Unix platforms This announcement is also available on our web-site for online reading: http://www.egenix.com/company/news/eGenix-pyOpenSSL-Distribution-0.13.0-1.0.1c-1.html INTRODUCTION The eGenix.com pyOpenSSL Distribution includes everything you need to get started with SSL in Python. It comes with an easy-to-use installer that includes the most recent OpenSSL library versions in pre-compiled form, making your application independent of OS provided OpenSSL libraries: http://www.egenix.com/products/python/pyOpenSSL/ pyOpenSSL is an open-source Python add-on that allows writing SSL/TLS- aware network applications as well as certificate management tools: https://launchpad.net/pyopenssl/ OpenSSL is an open-source implementation of the SSL/TLS protocol: http://www.openssl.org/ NEWS This new release of the eGenix.com pyOpenSSL Distribution updates the included OpenSSL version to 1.0.1c. New features in OpenSSL 1.0.1c since 1.0.0j --- OpenSSL 1.0.1c includes several new features: * TLS/DTLS heartbeat support * Next Protocol Negotiation * Support TLS v1.2 and TLS v1.1 as well as several other new features: http://lwn.net/Articles/486426/ fixes vulnerabilities relative to 1.0.0j: http://openssl.org/news/vulnerabilities.html and includes a number of stability enhancements as well as extra protection against attacks: http://openssl.org/news/changelog.html New features in the eGenix pyOpenSSL Distribution - * Added the openssl binary to the OpenSSL package directory. This can be used to access OpenSSL functionality not exposed by pyOpenSSL. * Changed the Windows OPENSSLDIR default to c:\openssl\ to simplify OpenSSL configuration. * Fixed OpenSSL assembler build issues on Windows x64 and Mac OS X PPC/x86. As always, we provide binaries that include both pyOpenSSL and the necessary OpenSSL libraries for all supported platforms: Windows x86 and x64, Linux x86 and x64, Mac OS X PPC, x86 and x64. We've also added egg-file distribution versions of our eGenix.com pyOpenSSL Distribution for Windows, Linux and Mac OS X to the available download options. These make setups using e.g. zc.buildout and other egg-file based installers a lot easier. DOWNLOADS The download archives and instructions for installing the package can be found at: http://www.egenix.com/products/python/pyOpenSSL/ UPGRADING Before installing this version of pyOpenSSL, please make sure that you uninstall any previously installed pyOpenSSL version. Otherwise, you could end up not using the included OpenSSL libs. ___ SUPPORT Commercial support for these packages is available from eGenix.com. Please see http://www.egenix.com/services/support/ for details about our support offerings. MORE INFORMATION For more information about the eGenix pyOpenSSL Distributon, licensing and download instructions, please visit our web-site or write to sa...@egenix.com. Enjoy, -- Marc-Andre Lemburg eGenix.com Professional Python Services directly from the Source (#1, Dec 05 2012) Python Projects, Consulting and Support ... http://www.egenix.com/ mxODBC.Zope/Plone.Database.Adapter ... http://zope.egenix.com/ mxODBC, mxDateTime, mxTextTools ...http://python.egenix.com/ 2012-11-28: Released eGenix mx Base 3.2.5 ... http://egenix.com/go36 2013-01-22: Python Meeting Duesseldorf ... 48 days to go ::: Try our new mxODBC.Connect Python Database Interface for free ! eGenix.com Software, Skills and Services GmbH Pastor-Loeh-Str.48 D-40764 Langenfeld, Germany. CEO Dipl.-Math. Marc-Andre Lemburg Registered at Amtsgericht Duesseldorf: HRB 46611 http://www.egenix.com/company/contact/ -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-announce-list Support the Python Software Foundation: http://www.python.org/psf/donations/
Re: How to check if Pexpect child already exist?
On 12/05/2012 02:41 AM, Thomas Elsgaard wrote:
Hi List
I am wondering, how can i check if child already exist before i spawn
?
By definition, before you call the spawn, the child doesn't exist. So
presumably you must mean something else.
child.isalive() cannot be done on child before it has been spawned.
---
import pexpect
child=pexpect.spawn('ssh mysurface@192.168.1.105')
child.sendline('test')
---
All we have to do is guess what you really mean. Do you mean you want
to know if there are any instances of ssh running? Regardless of how
they got spawned, or from what process? Or are you trying to determine
if the current process (your script) has any children, of any kind? Or
what?
Also, you should probably tell what OS and Python versions you're running.
One approach on Linux might be to capture the output of 'ps aux' and
parse it for whatever match criteria you have.
--
DaveA
--
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ANN: eGenix pyOpenSSL Distribution 0.13.0-1.0.1c
ANNOUNCING eGenix.com pyOpenSSL Distribution Version 0.13.0-1.0.1c An easy-to-install and easy-to-use distribution of the pyOpenSSL Python interface for OpenSSL - available for Windows, Mac OS X and Unix platforms This announcement is also available on our web-site for online reading: http://www.egenix.com/company/news/eGenix-pyOpenSSL-Distribution-0.13.0-1.0.1c-1.html INTRODUCTION The eGenix.com pyOpenSSL Distribution includes everything you need to get started with SSL in Python. It comes with an easy-to-use installer that includes the most recent OpenSSL library versions in pre-compiled form, making your application independent of OS provided OpenSSL libraries: http://www.egenix.com/products/python/pyOpenSSL/ pyOpenSSL is an open-source Python add-on that allows writing SSL/TLS- aware network applications as well as certificate management tools: https://launchpad.net/pyopenssl/ OpenSSL is an open-source implementation of the SSL/TLS protocol: http://www.openssl.org/ NEWS This new release of the eGenix.com pyOpenSSL Distribution updates the included OpenSSL version to 1.0.1c. New features in OpenSSL 1.0.1c since 1.0.0j --- OpenSSL 1.0.1c includes several new features: * TLS/DTLS heartbeat support * Next Protocol Negotiation * Support TLS v1.2 and TLS v1.1 as well as several other new features: http://lwn.net/Articles/486426/ fixes vulnerabilities relative to 1.0.0j: http://openssl.org/news/vulnerabilities.html and includes a number of stability enhancements as well as extra protection against attacks: http://openssl.org/news/changelog.html New features in the eGenix pyOpenSSL Distribution - * Added the openssl binary to the OpenSSL package directory. This can be used to access OpenSSL functionality not exposed by pyOpenSSL. * Changed the Windows OPENSSLDIR default to c:\openssl\ to simplify OpenSSL configuration. * Fixed OpenSSL assembler build issues on Windows x64 and Mac OS X PPC/x86. As always, we provide binaries that include both pyOpenSSL and the necessary OpenSSL libraries for all supported platforms: Windows x86 and x64, Linux x86 and x64, Mac OS X PPC, x86 and x64. We've also added egg-file distribution versions of our eGenix.com pyOpenSSL Distribution for Windows, Linux and Mac OS X to the available download options. These make setups using e.g. zc.buildout and other egg-file based installers a lot easier. DOWNLOADS The download archives and instructions for installing the package can be found at: http://www.egenix.com/products/python/pyOpenSSL/ UPGRADING Before installing this version of pyOpenSSL, please make sure that you uninstall any previously installed pyOpenSSL version. Otherwise, you could end up not using the included OpenSSL libs. ___ SUPPORT Commercial support for these packages is available from eGenix.com. Please see http://www.egenix.com/services/support/ for details about our support offerings. MORE INFORMATION For more information about the eGenix pyOpenSSL Distributon, licensing and download instructions, please visit our web-site or write to sa...@egenix.com. Enjoy, -- Marc-Andre Lemburg eGenix.com Professional Python Services directly from the Source (#1, Dec 05 2012) Python Projects, Consulting and Support ... http://www.egenix.com/ mxODBC.Zope/Plone.Database.Adapter ... http://zope.egenix.com/ mxODBC, mxDateTime, mxTextTools ...http://python.egenix.com/ 2012-11-28: Released eGenix mx Base 3.2.5 ... http://egenix.com/go36 2013-01-22: Python Meeting Duesseldorf ... 48 days to go ::: Try our new mxODBC.Connect Python Database Interface for free ! eGenix.com Software, Skills and Services GmbH Pastor-Loeh-Str.48 D-40764 Langenfeld, Germany. CEO Dipl.-Math. Marc-Andre Lemburg Registered at Amtsgericht Duesseldorf: HRB 46611 http://www.egenix.com/company/contact/ -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: ANN: eGenix mx Base Distribution 3.2.5 (mxDateTime, mxTextTools, etc.)
On 01.12.2012 21:12, Piet van Oostrum wrote: M.-A. Lemburg m...@egenix.com writes: ANNOUNCING eGenix.com mx Base Distribution Version 3.2.5 for Python 2.4 - 2.7 Open Source Python extensions providing important and useful services for Python programmers. This announcement is also available on our web-site for online reading: http://www.egenix.com/company/news/eGenix-mx-Base-Distribution-3.2.5-GA.html It says 3.2.4. Thanks for the report. I guess we forgot to update the internal package version numbers in the release process. We'll fix that with the next release. -- Marc-Andre Lemburg eGenix.com Professional Python Services directly from the Source (#1, Dec 05 2012) Python Projects, Consulting and Support ... http://www.egenix.com/ mxODBC.Zope/Plone.Database.Adapter ... http://zope.egenix.com/ mxODBC, mxDateTime, mxTextTools ...http://python.egenix.com/ 2012-11-28: Released eGenix mx Base 3.2.5 ... http://egenix.com/go36 2013-01-22: Python Meeting Duesseldorf ... 48 days to go ::: Try our new mxODBC.Connect Python Database Interface for free ! eGenix.com Software, Skills and Services GmbH Pastor-Loeh-Str.48 D-40764 Langenfeld, Germany. CEO Dipl.-Math. Marc-Andre Lemburg Registered at Amtsgericht Duesseldorf: HRB 46611 http://www.egenix.com/company/contact/ -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
pydoc links prepend a domain
The pydoc.html.docmodule sends a page with clickable links relative to the script location. Is there a way to tell pydoc to prepend a string to those URLs? -- Gnarlie -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: Good use for itertools.dropwhile and itertools.takewhile
On 2012-12-05, Nick Mellor thebalance...@gmail.com wrote: Hi Terry, For my money, and especially in your versions, despite several expert solutions using other features, itertools has it. It seems to me to need less nutting out than the other approaches. It's short, robust, has a minimum of symbols, uses simple expressions and is not overly clever. If we could just get used to using takewhile. The main reason most of the solutions posted failed is lack of complete specification to work with while sumultaneously trying to make as tiny and simplistic a solution as possible. I'm struggling with the empty description bug right now. ;) -- Neil Cerutti -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: Good use for itertools.dropwhile and itertools.takewhile
On Wed, Dec 5, 2012 at 12:17 PM, Nick Mellor thebalance...@gmail.com wrote: takewhile mines for gold at the start of a sequence, dropwhile drops the dross at the start of a sequence. When you're using both over the same sequence and with the same condition, it seems odd that you need to iterate over it twice. Perhaps a partitioning iterator would be cleaner - something like this: def partitionwhile(predicate, iterable): iterable = iter(iterable) while True: val = next(iterable) if not predicate(val): break yield val raise StopIteration # Signal the end of Phase 1 for val in iterable: yield val # or just yield from iterable, I think Only the cold hard boot of reality just stomped out the spark of an idea. Once StopIteration has been raised, that's it, there's no resuming the iterator. Is there a way around that? Is there a clean way to say Done for now, but next time you ask, there'll be more? I tested it on Python 3.2 (yeah, time I upgraded, I know). ChrisA -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: Good use for itertools.dropwhile and itertools.takewhile
On 2012-12-05, Chris Angelico ros...@gmail.com wrote: On Wed, Dec 5, 2012 at 12:17 PM, Nick Mellor thebalance...@gmail.com wrote: takewhile mines for gold at the start of a sequence, dropwhile drops the dross at the start of a sequence. When you're using both over the same sequence and with the same condition, it seems odd that you need to iterate over it twice. Perhaps a partitioning iterator would be cleaner - something like this: def partitionwhile(predicate, iterable): iterable = iter(iterable) while True: val = next(iterable) if not predicate(val): break yield val raise StopIteration # Signal the end of Phase 1 for val in iterable: yield val # or just yield from iterable, I think Only the cold hard boot of reality just stomped out the spark of an idea. Once StopIteration has been raised, that's it, there's no resuming the iterator. Is there a way around that? Is there a clean way to say Done for now, but next time you ask, there'll be more? I tested it on Python 3.2 (yeah, time I upgraded, I know). Well, shoot! Then this is a job for groupby, not takewhile. def prod_desc(s): split s into product name and product description. prod_desc(CAR FIFTY TWO Chrysler LeBaron.) ['CAR FIFTY TWO', 'Chrysler LeBaron.'] prod_desc(MR. JONESEY Saskatchewan's finest) ['MR. JONESEY', Saskatchewan's finest] prod_desc(no product name?) ['', 'no product name?'] prod_desc(NO DESCRIPTION) ['NO DESCRIPTION', ''] prod = '' desc = '' for k, g in itertools.groupby(s.split(), key=lambda w: any(c.islower() for c in w)): a = ' '.join(g) if k: desc = a else: prod = a return [prod, desc] This has no way to preserve odd white space which could break evil product name differences. -- Neil Cerutti -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
http://docs.python.org/2.7/tutorial/index.html
-- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: using smtp sent large file upto 60MB
On 12/04/2012 05:54 PM, moonhkt wrote: Our SMTP can send file more than 60MB. But our notes server can configured 100MB,30MB or 10MB. My notes Mail box can receive 100MB. In UNIX, by below command send smtp mail. uuencode $xfn $xfn | mail -s $SUBJECT $NAME Just continue to use this set of commands. You can use the subprocess module to interact with these programs. -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: problem with usbtmc-communication
On Dec 4, 2012, at 11:12 AM, Jean Dubois jeandubois...@gmail.com wrote:
On 4 dec, 15:33, w...@mac.com wrote:
On Dec 4, 2012, at 7:14 AM, Jean Dubois jeandubois...@gmail.com wrote:
The following test program which tries to communicate with a Keithley
2200 programmable power supply using usbtmc in Python does not work as
Is usbtmc a software layer (library of some sort) or some sort of hardware
adapter?
expected. I have connected a 10 ohm resistor to its terminals and I
apply 0.025A, 0.050A, 0.075A en 0.1A,
I then measure the current and the voltage en write them in a file
De data produced looks like this:
0.00544643 0.254061; first current value is wrong, voltage value is
correct
0.0250807 0.509289; second current value is wrong, but it corresponds
to the first, second voltage is correct
0.0501099 0.763945; 3rd current value is wrong, but it corresponds to
the second, 3rd voltage is right
0.075099 1.01792; 4th current value is wrong, it corresponds to the
3rd, 4th voltage is right
4th correct current value is missing
But is should be (numerical inaccuracy taking into account)(these data
were produced by a similar octave-program):
0.0248947 0.254047
0.0499105 0.509258
0.0749044 0.764001
0.0998926 1.01828
Here is the python-program:
#!/usr/bin/python
import time
import os
import sys
measurementcurr=''
measurementvolt=''
timesleepdefault=1
filename ='mydata.txt'
usbkeith = open('/dev/usbtmc1','r+')
usbkeith.flush()
usbkeith.write(*IDN?\n)
#strip blank line:
identification=usbkeith.readline().strip()
print 'Found device: ',identification
usbkeith.write(SYST:REM + \n)
usbkeith.write(:SENS:VOLT:PROT 1.5\n)
keithdata = open(filename,'w')
#start first measurement
usbkeith.write(:SOUR:CURR 0.025\n)
usbkeith.write(:OUTP:STAT ON\n)
time.sleep(timesleepdefault)
usbkeith.write(:MEAS:CURR?\n)
time.sleep(timesleepdefault)
measurementcurr=usbkeith.readline()
print 'Measured current 1: ',measurementcurr
usbkeith.write(MEAS:VOLT?\n)
time.sleep(timesleepdefault)
measurementvolt=usbkeith.readline()
Without knowing anything about the usbtmc hardware/software it is hard to make
real recommendations, but it seems pretty clear that you are being stepped on
by a buffer problem of some sort. I'm VERY suspicious of using of readline()
as a way of getting the data out of the usbtmc thingy. That makes python treat
the Keithley as a file-like object and there are way too many ways the file
pointer may not be where you think it is.
I note that in your Octave example you are reading characters rather than
lines. It seems to me that you have two choices here, either do the equivalent
in python or dig through the Keithley documentation to find the hex codes that
usbtmc is presumably translating your commands into. If you can find those,
and if you are interested, I can send you off-line the handler I wrote a couple
of years ago that used a dictionary to translate English commands into hex,
then assembled those with a checksum and sent the string out to a Keyspan usb
to serial converter.
-Bill
--
http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: Good use for itertools.dropwhile and itertools.takewhile
On Wed, Dec 5, 2012 at 7:34 AM, Neil Cerutti ne...@norwich.edu wrote: Well, shoot! Then this is a job for groupby, not takewhile. The problem with groupby is that you can't just limit it to two groups. prod_desc(CAPSICUM RED fresh from QLD) ['QLD', 'fresh from'] Once you've got a false key from the groupby, you would need to pretend that any subsequent groups are part of the false group and tack them on. -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: Good use for itertools.dropwhile and itertools.takewhile
On 05/12/2012 13:45, Chris Angelico wrote: I tested it on Python 3.2 (yeah, time I upgraded, I know). Bad move, fancy wanting to go to the completely useless version of Python that simply can't handle unicode properly :) -- Cheers. Mark Lawrence. -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: http://docs.python.org/2.7/tutorial/index.html
On 05/12/2012 14:54, EAGLE001101 wrote: Well speaking personally I'm convinced that the majority of wrong thinking people in this country are right, and I'm sick and tired of being told that they're not. An alternative is that you wanted some data regarding the Python tutorial, but dear old gmane delivered me precisely nothing worth commenting on, perhaps because it smelt the Google Screen Of Death? :) Please try Plan B. -- Cheers. Mark Lawrence. -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
why does dead code costs time?
Hi,
I'm interested in compilers optimizations, so I study python compilation process
I ran that script:
import timeit
def f(x):
return None
def g(x):
return None
print(x)
number = 1
print(timeit.timeit('f(1)',setup=from __main__ import f, number=number))
print(timeit.timeit('g(1)',setup=from __main__ import g, number=number))
print(dis.dis(f))
print(dis.dis(g))
It gives this output:
0.003460251959040761
0.004164454061537981
17 0 LOAD_CONST 0 (None)
3 RETURN_VALUE
None
20 0 LOAD_GLOBAL 0 (None)
3 RETURN_VALUE
21 4 LOAD_GLOBAL 1 (print)
7 LOAD_FAST0 (x)
10 CALL_FUNCTION1 (1 positional, 0 keyword pair)
13 POP_TOP
None
I do not understand why the dead code `print(x)` takes time (~20% in
that case). As we see in the opcode, a call to g(1) returns immediately, so
there should be no delay at all. Where am i wrong?
mmhh... it comes to me now that the gap must be in function loading time...
I'll check ceval.c
However, isn't there a room for a slight optim here? (in this case, the
dead code is obvious, but it may be hidden by complex loops and
conditions)
Cheers
--
Bruno Dupuis
--
http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Software Developer NEEDED! Morrisville, NC
PYTHON DEVELOPER NEEDED - EXCITING OPPORTUNITY IN MORRISVILLE, NC The Select Group is seeking a Python software engineer for fun, energetic, and growing company in Morrisville, NC. The ideal candidate will have hands-on development experience, and must have working knowledge of Python. A very casual, but fast-paced environment, the company promotes internal growth for people with a willingness to learn and a passion for software development. RESPONSIBILITIES . New Product Development, and Existing Product Support . In Charge of Multiple Internal External Websites REQUIREMENTS . 1-3 years of development experience . Python experience PLUSES . Experience with C++, Java, or Perl . Hands on work with SQL, PHP, and Linux . Previously worked with a Content Management System: WordPress, Joomla, or Drupal Whitney Holman Technical Recruiter THE SELECT GROUP Direct: 919.459.1040 | Cell: 704.264.6273 whit...@selectgroup.com | LinkedIn 5420 Wade Park Blvd. Ste 100 | Raleigh, NC 27607 Web Site| Corporate Video | Awards | Career Resources At The Select Group we're dedicated to delivering the best experience for our candidates and clients. We appreciate any and all feedback. Please contact my manager, Byron Dunn at by...@selectgroup.com. Connecting great companies with quality talent..see how at The Select Group Advantage -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: Good use for itertools.dropwhile and itertools.takewhile
On 2012-12-05, Ian Kelly ian.g.ke...@gmail.com wrote: On Wed, Dec 5, 2012 at 7:34 AM, Neil Cerutti ne...@norwich.edu wrote: Well, shoot! Then this is a job for groupby, not takewhile. The problem with groupby is that you can't just limit it to two groups. prod_desc(CAPSICUM RED fresh from QLD) ['QLD', 'fresh from'] Once you've got a false key from the groupby, you would need to pretend that any subsequent groups are part of the false group and tack them on. Whoops! Yep, that was from the very beginning of the thread. -- Neil Cerutti -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: Good use for itertools.dropwhile and itertools.takewhile
On Wed, Dec 5, 2012 at 6:45 AM, Chris Angelico ros...@gmail.com wrote:
On Wed, Dec 5, 2012 at 12:17 PM, Nick Mellor thebalance...@gmail.com wrote:
takewhile mines for gold at the start of a sequence, dropwhile drops the
dross at the start of a sequence.
When you're using both over the same sequence and with the same
condition, it seems odd that you need to iterate over it twice.
Perhaps a partitioning iterator would be cleaner - something like
this:
def partitionwhile(predicate, iterable):
iterable = iter(iterable)
while True:
val = next(iterable)
if not predicate(val): break
yield val
raise StopIteration # Signal the end of Phase 1
for val in iterable: yield val # or just yield from iterable, I think
Only the cold hard boot of reality just stomped out the spark of an
idea. Once StopIteration has been raised, that's it, there's no
resuming the iterator. Is there a way around that? Is there a clean
way to say Done for now, but next time you ask, there'll be more?
Return two separate iterators, with the contract that the second
iterator can't be used until the first has completed. Combined with
Neil's groupby suggestion, we end up with something like this:
def partitionwhile(predicate, iterable):
it = itertools.groupby(iterable, lambda x: bool(predicate(x)))
pushback = missing = object()
def first():
nonlocal pushback
pred, subit = next(it)
if pred:
yield from subit
pushback = None
else:
pushback = subit
def second():
if pushback is missing:
raise TypeError(can't yield from second iterator before
first iterator completes)
elif pushback is not None:
yield from pushback
yield from itertools.chain.from_iterable(subit for key, subit in it)
return first(), second()
list(map(' '.join, partitionwhile(lambda x: x.upper() == x, CAPSICUM RED
fresh from QLD.split(
['CAPSICUM RED', 'fresh from QLD']
--
http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: why does dead code costs time?
On 2012-12-05, Bruno Dupuis python.ml.bruno.dup...@lisael.org wrote:
Hi,
I'm interested in compilers optimizations, so I study python
compilation process
I ran that script:
import timeit
def f(x):
return None
def g(x):
return None
print(x)
number = 1
print(timeit.timeit('f(1)',setup=from __main__ import f, number=number))
print(timeit.timeit('g(1)',setup=from __main__ import g,
number=number))
print(dis.dis(f))
print(dis.dis(g))
It gives this output:
0.003460251959040761
0.004164454061537981
17 0 LOAD_CONST 0 (None)
3 RETURN_VALUE
None
20 0 LOAD_GLOBAL 0 (None)
3 RETURN_VALUE
21 4 LOAD_GLOBAL 1 (print)
7 LOAD_FAST0 (x)
10 CALL_FUNCTION1 (1 positional, 0 keyword pair)
13 POP_TOP
None
I do not understand why the dead code `print(x)` takes time (~20% in
that case). As we see in the opcode, a call to g(1) returns immediately, so
there should be no delay at all. Where am i wrong?
mmhh... it comes to me now that the gap must be in function loading time...
I'll check ceval.c
However, isn't there a room for a slight optim here? (in this case, the
dead code is obvious, but it may be hidden by complex loops and
conditions)
Maybe it's the difference between LOAD_CONST and LOAD_GLOBAL. We
can wonder why g uses the latter.
--
Neil Cerutti
--
http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: why does dead code costs time?
On Wed, Dec 05, 2012 at 04:15:59PM +, Neil Cerutti wrote:
On 2012-12-05, Bruno Dupuis python.ml.bruno.dup...@lisael.org wrote:
Hi,
I'm interested in compilers optimizations, so I study python
compilation process
I ran that script:
import timeit
def f(x):
return None
def g(x):
return None
print(x)
number = 1
print(timeit.timeit('f(1)',setup=from __main__ import f,
number=number))
print(timeit.timeit('g(1)',setup=from __main__ import g,
number=number))
print(dis.dis(f))
print(dis.dis(g))
It gives this output:
0.003460251959040761
0.004164454061537981
17 0 LOAD_CONST 0 (None)
3 RETURN_VALUE
None
20 0 LOAD_GLOBAL 0 (None)
3 RETURN_VALUE
21 4 LOAD_GLOBAL 1 (print)
7 LOAD_FAST0 (x)
10 CALL_FUNCTION1 (1 positional, 0 keyword
pair)
13 POP_TOP
None
I do not understand why the dead code `print(x)` takes time (~20% in
that case). As we see in the opcode, a call to g(1) returns immediately, so
there should be no delay at all. Where am i wrong?
mmhh... it comes to me now that the gap must be in function loading time...
I'll check ceval.c
However, isn't there a room for a slight optim here? (in this case, the
dead code is obvious, but it may be hidden by complex loops and
conditions)
Maybe it's the difference between LOAD_CONST and LOAD_GLOBAL. We
can wonder why g uses the latter.
Good point! I didn't even noticed that. It's weird... Maybe the
difference comes from a peehole optim on f which is not possible on g as
g is to complex.
--
Neil Cerutti
--
http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
--
Bruno Dupuis
--
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Re: Good use for itertools.dropwhile and itertools.takewhile
Hi Neil, Here's some sample data. The live data is about 300 minor variations on the sample data, about 20,000 lines. Nick Notes: 1. Whitespace is only used for word boundaries. Surplus whitespace is not significant and can be stripped 2. Retain punctuation and parentheses 3. Product is zero or more words in all caps at start of line 4. Description is zero or more words beginning with first word that is not all caps. Description continues to the end of the line 5. Return tuple of strings (product, description) Sample data --- BEANS hand picked BEETROOT certified organic BOK CHOY (bunch) BROCCOLI Mornington Peninsula BRUSSEL SPROUTS CABBAGE green CABBAGE Red CAPSICUM RED CARROTS CARROTS loose CARROTS juicing, certified organic CARROTS Trentham, large seconds, certified organic CARROTS Trentham, firsts, certified organic CAULIFLOWER CELERY Mornington Peninsula IPM grower CELERY Mornington Peninsula IPM grower CUCUMBER EGGPLANT FENNEL GARLIC (from Argentina) GINGER fresh uncured KALE (bunch) KOHL RABI certified organic LEEKS LETTUCE iceberg MUSHROOM cup or flat MUSHROOM Swiss brown ONION brown ONION red ONION spring (bunch) PARSNIP, certified organic POTATOES certified organic POTATOES Sebago POTATOES Desiree POTATOES Bullarto chemical free POTATOES Dutch Cream POTATOES Nicola POTATOES Pontiac POTATOES Otway Red POTATOES teardrop PUMPKIN certified organic SCHALLOTS brown SNOW PEAS SPINACH I'll try to get certified organic (bunch) SWEET POTATO gold certified organic SWEET POTATO red small SWEDE certified organic TOMATOES Qld TURMERIC fresh certified organic ZUCCHINI APPLES Harcourt Pink Lady, Fuji, Granny Smith APPLES Harcourt 2 kg bags, Pink Lady or Fuji (bag) AVOCADOS AVOCADOS certified organic, seconds BANANAS Qld, organic GRAPEFRUIT GRAPES crimson seedless KIWI FRUIT Qld certified organic LEMONS LIMES MANDARINS ORANGES Navel PEARS Beurre Bosc Harcourt new season PEARS Packham, Harcourt new season SULTANAS 350g pre-packed bags EGGS Melita free range, Barker's Creek BASIL (bunch) CORIANDER (bunch) DILL (bunch) MINT (bunch) PARSLEY (bunch) On Thursday, 6 December 2012 00:29:13 UTC+11, Neil Cerutti wrote: On 2012-12-05, Nick Mellor thebalance...@gmail.com wrote: Hi Terry, For my money, and especially in your versions, despite several expert solutions using other features, itertools has it. It seems to me to need less nutting out than the other approaches. It's short, robust, has a minimum of symbols, uses simple expressions and is not overly clever. If we could just get used to using takewhile. The main reason most of the solutions posted failed is lack of complete specification to work with while sumultaneously trying to make as tiny and simplistic a solution as possible. I'm struggling with the empty description bug right now. ;) -- Neil Cerutti -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: why does dead code costs time?
On Wed, Dec 05, 2012 at 05:40:51PM +0100, Bruno Dupuis wrote: On Wed, Dec 05, 2012 at 04:15:59PM +, Neil Cerutti wrote: Maybe it's the difference between LOAD_CONST and LOAD_GLOBAL. We can wonder why g uses the latter. Good point! I didn't even noticed that. It's weird... Maybe the difference comes from a peehole optim on f which is not possible on g as g is to complex. Neil, you were right, thanks. I patched peehole.c to remove this optim, and now the figures are the same. I investigate to find out why the latter function is not optimized the same way (and if it can be, I'll propose a patch for that) -- Bruno Dupuis -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: why does dead code costs time?
On Wed, 05 Dec 2012 16:46:39 +0100, Bruno Dupuis wrote:
Hi,
I'm interested in compilers optimizations, so I study python compilation
process
I ran that script:
import timeit
def f(x):
return None
def g(x):
return None
print(x)
number = 1
print(timeit.timeit('f(1)',setup=from __main__ import f,
number=number)) print(timeit.timeit('g(1)',setup=from __main__
import g, number=number))
print(dis.dis(f))
print(dis.dis(g))
It gives this output:
0.003460251959040761
0.004164454061537981
17 0 LOAD_CONST 0 (None)
3 RETURN_VALUE
None
20 0 LOAD_GLOBAL 0 (None)
3 RETURN_VALUE
21 4 LOAD_GLOBAL 1 (print)
7 LOAD_FAST0 (x)
10 CALL_FUNCTION1 (1 positional, 0 keyword
pair) 13 POP_TOP
None
I do not understand why the dead code `print(x)` takes time (~20% in
that case). As we see in the opcode, a call to g(1) returns immediately,
so there should be no delay at all. Where am i wrong?
The difference is almost certain between the LOAD_CONST and the
LOAD_GLOBAL.
As to *why* there is such a difference, I believe that's a leftover from
early Python days when None was not a keyword and could be reassigned.
[steve@ando ~]$ python1.5
Python 1.5.2 (#1, Aug 27 2012, 09:09:18) [GCC 4.1.2 20080704 (Red Hat
4.1.2-52)] on linux2
Copyright 1991-1995 Stichting Mathematisch Centrum, Amsterdam
from dis import dis
def h():
... x = 1
... return None
...
dis(h)
0 SET_LINENO 1
3 SET_LINENO 2
6 LOAD_CONST 1 (1)
9 STORE_FAST 0 (x)
12 SET_LINENO 3
15 LOAD_GLOBAL 1 (None)
18 RETURN_VALUE
19 LOAD_CONST 0 (None)
22 RETURN_VALUE
None = 42
h()
42
Now that None is a keyword, it should always be a LOAD_CONST.
--
Steven
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Re: How does one make argparse print usage when no options are provided on the command line?
On Wed, Dec 05, 2012 at 08:48:30AM -0800, rh wrote:
I have argparse working with one exception. I wanted the program to print out
usage when no command line options are given. But I only came across
other examples where people didn't use argparse but instead printed out
a separate usage statement. So they used argparse for everything but the
case where no command line args are given.
this is quite raw, but i'd add
import sys
if len(sys.argv) == 1:
sys.argv.append('-h')
before I call parser.parse_args()
Should work
--
Bruno Dupuis
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Re: why does dead code costs time?
On Wed, 05 Dec 2012 17:34:57 +, Steven D'Aprano wrote: I believe that's a leftover from early Python days when None was not a keyword and could be reassigned. Oops! Wrong copy and paste! Here's a simpler version: [steve@ando ~]$ python1.5 Python 1.5.2 (#1, Aug 27 2012, 09:09:18) [GCC 4.1.2 20080704 (Red Hat 4.1.2-52)] on linux2 Copyright 1991-1995 Stichting Mathematisch Centrum, Amsterdam from dis import dis def h(): ... return None ... dis(h) 0 SET_LINENO 1 3 SET_LINENO 2 6 LOAD_GLOBAL 0 (None) 9 RETURN_VALUE 10 LOAD_CONST 0 (None) 13 RETURN_VALUE The conclusion remains the same: calling LOAD_GLOBAL None is likely a fossil from ancient Python before it was a keyword. -- Steven -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: Good use for itertools.dropwhile and itertools.takewhile
On 2012-12-05 17:04, Nick Mellor wrote: Hi Neil, Here's some sample data. The live data is about 300 minor variations on the sample data, about 20,000 lines. [snip] You have a duplicate: CELERY Mornington Peninsula IPM grower CELERY Mornington Peninsula IPM grower -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: Good use for itertools.dropwhile and itertools.takewhile
On 2012-12-05 13:45, Chris Angelico wrote: On Wed, Dec 5, 2012 at 12:17 PM, Nick Mellor thebalance...@gmail.com wrote: takewhile mines for gold at the start of a sequence, dropwhile drops the dross at the start of a sequence. When you're using both over the same sequence and with the same condition, it seems odd that you need to iterate over it twice. Perhaps a partitioning iterator would be cleaner - something like this: def partitionwhile(predicate, iterable): iterable = iter(iterable) while True: val = next(iterable) if not predicate(val): break yield val raise StopIteration # Signal the end of Phase 1 for val in iterable: yield val # or just yield from iterable, I think Only the cold hard boot of reality just stomped out the spark of an idea. Once StopIteration has been raised, that's it, there's no resuming the iterator. Is there a way around that? Is there a clean way to say Done for now, but next time you ask, there'll be more? Perhaps you could have some kind of partitioner object: class Partitioner: _SENTINEL = object() def __init__(self, iterable): self._iterable = iter(iterable) self._unused_item = self._SENTINEL def takewhile(self, condition): if self._unused_item is not self._SENTINEL: if not condition(self._unused_item): raise StopIteration yield self._unused_item self._unused_item = self._SENTINEL for item in self._iterable: if not condition(item): self._unused_item = item break yield item raise StopIteration def remainder(self): if self._unused_item is not self._SENTINEL: yield self._unused_item self._unused_item = self._SENTINEL for item in self._iterable: yield item raise StopIteration def is_all_caps(word): return word == word.upper() part = Partitioner(CAPSICUM RED fresh from QLD.split()) product = .join(part.takewhile(is_all_caps)) description = .join(part.remainder()) print([product, description]) -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: why does dead code costs time?
On Wed, Dec 5, 2012 at 10:34 AM, Steven D'Aprano
steve+comp.lang.pyt...@pearwood.info wrote:
The difference is almost certain between the LOAD_CONST and the
LOAD_GLOBAL.
As to *why* there is such a difference, I believe that's a leftover from
early Python days when None was not a keyword and could be reassigned.
I think this should even be considered a bug, not just a missing
optimization. Consider:
globals()['None'] = 42
def f(x):
... return None
... print(x)
...
f('test')
42
The use of the LOAD_GLOBAL allows None to effectively be reassigned.
It's also worth noting that:
def f(x):
... return
... print(x)
...
dis.dis(f)
2 0 LOAD_CONST 0 (None)
3 RETURN_VALUE
3 4 LOAD_GLOBAL 0 (print)
7 LOAD_FAST0 (x)
10 CALL_FUNCTION1 (1 positional, 0 keyword pair)
13 POP_TOP
So if you just write 'return' rather than 'return None', you get the
correct bytecode. Additionally, the use of LOAD_GLOBAL instead of
LOAD_CONST seems to be linked to having unreachable code at the end of
the function. This is fine:
def f(x):
... if x:
... return None
... print(x)
...
dis.dis(f)
2 0 LOAD_FAST0 (x)
3 POP_JUMP_IF_FALSE 10
3 6 LOAD_CONST 0 (None)
9 RETURN_VALUE
410 LOAD_GLOBAL 1 (print)
13 LOAD_FAST0 (x)
16 CALL_FUNCTION1 (1 positional, 0 keyword pair)
19 POP_TOP
20 LOAD_CONST 0 (None)
23 RETURN_VALUE
But this is not. Note here that *both* loads of None become
LOAD_GLOBAL in this case:
def f(x):
... if x:
... return None
... return None
... print(x)
...
dis.dis(f)
2 0 LOAD_FAST0 (x)
3 POP_JUMP_IF_FALSE 13
3 6 LOAD_GLOBAL 0 (None)
9 RETURN_VALUE
10 JUMP_FORWARD 0 (to 13)
413 LOAD_GLOBAL 0 (None)
16 RETURN_VALUE
5 17 LOAD_GLOBAL 1 (print)
20 LOAD_FAST0 (x)
23 CALL_FUNCTION1 (1 positional, 0 keyword pair)
26 POP_TOP
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Help joining two files delimited with pipe character (|)
Hello, I am new to Python. Is there a method to join two pipe delimited files using a unique key that appears in both files? I would like to implement something similar to the Unix join command. Thanks for your help! Topeka Capital Markets Disclaimers - http://topekacapitalmarkets.com/Disclaimers.aspx -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: Help joining two files delimited with pipe character (|)
On Wednesday, December 5, 2012 9:57:31 AM UTC-8, Daniel Doo wrote: I am new to Python. Is there a method to “join” two pipe delimited files using a unique key that appears in both files? Have a look at Panda's concat (http://pandas.pydata.org/pandas-docs/dev/merging.html). It also have utilities to read delimited files into DataFrame. -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: Help joining two files delimited with pipe character (|)
On Wed, Dec 5, 2012 at 11:18 AM, Ian Kelly ian.g.ke...@gmail.com wrote: On Wed, Dec 5, 2012 at 10:57 AM, Daniel Doo d...@topekacapitalmarkets.com wrote: I am new to Python. Is there a method to “join” two pipe delimited files using a unique key that appears in both files? I would like to implement something similar to the Unix join command. If the files are small enough to fit in virtual memory, load one of the files into a dict where the key is the join field and the value is the full line. Then iterate over the other file one line at a time, checking to see if the join field is in the dict. If it is, output the joined line. Otherwise, skip it. Note that this assumes that the join fields are unique. If they're not, then you would need to store lists of lines rather than single lines in the dict. -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: Help joining two files delimited with pipe character (|)
On Wed, Dec 5, 2012 at 10:57 AM, Daniel Doo d...@topekacapitalmarkets.com wrote: I am new to Python. Is there a method to “join” two pipe delimited files using a unique key that appears in both files? I would like to implement something similar to the Unix join command. If the files are small enough to fit in virtual memory, load one of the files into a dict where the key is the join field and the value is the full line. Then iterate over the other file one line at a time, checking to see if the join field is in the dict. If it is, output the joined line. Otherwise, skip it. -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: why does dead code costs time?
On Wed, Dec 05, 2012 at 10:59:26AM -0700, Ian Kelly wrote:
On Wed, Dec 5, 2012 at 10:34 AM, Steven D'Aprano
steve+comp.lang.pyt...@pearwood.info wrote:
The difference is almost certain between the LOAD_CONST and the
LOAD_GLOBAL.
As to *why* there is such a difference, I believe that's a leftover from
early Python days when None was not a keyword and could be reassigned.
I think this should even be considered a bug, not just a missing
optimization. Consider:
This is definitely a bug
globals()['None'] = 42
def f(x):
... return None
... print(x)
...
f('test')
42
This one is pretty scary
The difference between `return None` and `return` leads to inconsistency and
is in contradiction with the specs, AFAIK. I'm glad we pointed this out.
--
Bruno Dupuis
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Re: Good use for itertools.dropwhile and itertools.takewhile
On 2012-12-05, Nick Mellor thebalance...@gmail.com wrote: Hi Neil, Here's some sample data. The live data is about 300 minor variations on the sample data, about 20,000 lines. Thanks, Nick. This slight variation on my first groupby try seems to work for the test data. def prod_desc(s): prod = [] desc = [] for k, g in itertools.groupby(s.split(), key=lambda w: any(c.islower() for c in w)): if prod or k: desc.extend(g) else: prod.extend(g) return [' '.join(prod), ' '.join(desc)] -- Neil Cerutti -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: How does one make argparse print usage when no options are provided on the command line?
On Wed, Dec 5, 2012 at 9:48 AM, rh richard_hubb...@lavabit.com wrote: I have argparse working with one exception. I wanted the program to print out usage when no command line options are given. But I only came across other examples where people didn't use argparse but instead printed out a separate usage statement. So they used argparse for everything but the case where no command line args are given. if len(sys.argv) = 1: parser.print_usage() sys.exit(1) else: args = parser.parse_args() -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Need porting of German Wotan AI into Python
The Artificial General Intelligence (AGI) at http://www.scn.org/~mentifex/mindforth.txt has been re-recreated in the German language at http://www.scn.org/~mentifex/DeKi.txt and needs porting into the Python language. There are no funds available for payment but mega kudos will accrue to the successful Python programmer who creates the Python True AI based on the various AI Minds such as http://www.scn.org/~mentifex/AiMind.html in English over JavaScript and the Russian http://www.scn.org/~mentifex/Dushka.html also in JavaScript. Mentifex (Arthur) -- http://mind.sourceforge.net/python.html http://www.listbox.com/subscribe/?list_id=303 http://www.chatbots.org/ai_zone/viewthread/240 http://www.amazon.com/The-Art-Meme-ebook/dp/B007ZI66FS/ -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Secretly passing parameter to function
Hi all ! I have a problem that is not easy to explained, so I have tried to reduce it a lot. We are using a framework, that we can not modify. in framework.py: def do(something): ''' Here we are in a framework that can not be modified ... It does a lot of things and finally: ''' something() in test.py: from framework import * def step1(): print Do step1 def step2(): print Do step2 # We ask the framework to do some work. do(step1) do(step2) do(step3) We are writing step1, step2, ... and asking the framework to process them. Everything is ok, until we want to add a parameter to some steps. We want to be able to do that: in test.py: from framework import * def step1(param): print Do step1 with param def step2(): print Do step2 # We ask the framework to do some work. do(step1, param = None) do(step1, param = [0, 1, 5]) # again do(step2) Of course it does not work ... TypeError: do() takes exactly 1 argument (2 given) And we can not modify the framework (in which do is defined. One solution would be to use a global variable that can be set before each step. But it is not very elegant ... One other approach would be to add dynamically an attribute the the step1 function, and retrieve it inside the function, but it is perhaps overkill. Do you have some ideas ? Thanks, Olivier -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: Good use for itertools.dropwhile and itertools.takewhile
Neil, Further down the data, found another edge case: Spring ONION from QLD Following the spec, the whole line should be description (description starts at first word that is not all caps.) This case breaks the latest groupby. N -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Remote server: running a Python script and making *.csv files publicly available
I have a Python 2.7 script that produces *.csv files. I'd like to run this Python script on a remote server and make the *.csv files publicly available to read. Can this be done on Heroku? I've gone through the tutorial, but it seems to be geared towards people who want to create a whole web site. If Heroku isn't the solution for me, what are the alternatives? I tried Google App Engine, but it requires Python 2.5 and won't work with 2.7. -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: Secretly passing parameter to function
On 12/05/2012 01:50 PM, Olivier Scalbert wrote: Hi all ! I have a problem that is not easy to explained, so I have tried to reduce it a lot. We are using a framework, that we can not modify. in framework.py: def do(something): ''' Here we are in a framework that can not be modified ... It does a lot of things and finally: ''' something() in test.py: from framework import * def step1(): print Do step1 def step2(): print Do step2 # We ask the framework to do some work. do(step1) do(step2) do(step3) We are writing step1, step2, ... and asking the framework to process them. Everything is ok, until we want to add a parameter to some steps. We want to be able to do that: in test.py: from framework import * def step1(param): print Do step1 with param def step2(): print Do step2 # We ask the framework to do some work. do(step1, param = None) do(step1, param = [0, 1, 5]) # again do(step2) Of course it does not work ... TypeError: do() takes exactly 1 argument (2 given) And we can not modify the framework (in which do is defined. One solution would be to use a global variable that can be set before each step. But it is not very elegant ... One other approach would be to add dynamically an attribute the the step1 function, and retrieve it inside the function, but it is perhaps overkill. Do you have some ideas ? Other approaches are lamba, default-argument trick, a function closure, a callable class instance, and functools.partial. The real question you have to ask is what is the scope AND LIFETIME of this parameter. Suppose you want to want to have five of these same calls, with five different parameters? (Example, a GUI where you have a single function which might be called on an event of any of five buttons -- you want to pass the button-object to the function) import functools def step1(param): print Do step1 with param, param def step2(): print Do step2 class Framework: def __init__(self): self.pending = [] def do(self, func): print current, self.pending self.pending.append(func) def flush(self): for func in self.pending: func() frame = Framework() frame.do(step2) frame.do(step2) frame.do(step2) frame.do(functools.partial(step1, 45)) frame.flush() -- DaveA -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: Secretly passing parameter to function
On Wed, Dec 5, 2012 at 10:50 AM, Olivier Scalbert olivier.scalb...@algosyn.com wrote: Hi all ! I have a problem that is not easy to explained, so I have tried to reduce it a lot. We are using a framework, that we can not modify. in framework.py: def do(something): ''' Here we are in a framework that can not be modified ... It does a lot of things and finally: ''' something() in test.py: from framework import * def step1(): print Do step1 def step2(): print Do step2 # We ask the framework to do some work. do(step1) do(step2) do(step3) We are writing step1, step2, ... and asking the framework to process them. Everything is ok, until we want to add a parameter to some steps. We want to be able to do that: in test.py: from framework import * def step1(param): print Do step1 with param def step2(): print Do step2 # We ask the framework to do some work. do(step1, param = None) do(step1, param = [0, 1, 5]) # again do(step2) Probably the easiest solution would be to use functools.partial to create a proxy function, as follows: import functools do(functools.partial(step1, param=None)) do(functools.partial(step1, param=[0,1,5])) do(step2) Effectively what functools.partial does is returns a new function with the arguments defined in the constructor. It looks something like: def partial(func, *args, **kwargs): def newFunc(*cargs, **ckwargs): return func(*args+cargs, **kwargs+ckwargs) return newFunc Note, that implementation of partial may not exactly match the semantics of the real thing, and is untested and may just flat out not work...I'd recommend using the real one instead. In this case, it will produce a function that really takes no additional arguments, as all arguments are defined as part of the creation, meaning the new function will match the requirements by the framework of taking 0 arguments, despite the actual function taking and receiving one keyword argument (param). There is one caveat of using functools.partial: for positional arguments, you cal only fill the arguments in left-to-right order; you cannot specify the second argument of a list, other than specifying it by name. For example, for the function def test(a, b, c), you can specify arguments a, a and b, or a and b and c by position, but you cannot specify only the arguments b, c, a and c, or b and c by position. You can, however, specify them by name, as keyword-arguments. An alternative approach to the problem is to either use lamdas or write a specialized wrapper like my example partial above to specify the arguments. These eliminate the restriction on argument order for partial. An example for lamdas would be: do(lambda: step1(param=None)) do(lambda: step1(param=[0,1,5])) do(step2) This works much the same way as partial, in that it creates a new, unnamed function which specifies the arguments. Of course it does not work ... TypeError: do() takes exactly 1 argument (2 given) And we can not modify the framework (in which do is defined. One solution would be to use a global variable that can be set before each step. But it is not very elegant ... One other approach would be to add dynamically an attribute the the step1 function, and retrieve it inside the function, but it is perhaps overkill. Do you have some ideas ? Thanks, Olivier -- http://mail.python.org/**mailman/listinfo/python-listhttp://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
mini browser with python
Python help. I can connect to and download a web page, html code, and save it to a file. If connected to the web, I can use KWrite to open the file and navigate the page. I want to view the html file without using a browser or KWrite as I do now. In other words I need a mini, simple browser; something I can build that will open, read and display a saved html file. I would appreciate some direction. jimonlinux -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: Good use for itertools.dropwhile and itertools.takewhile
On 2012-12-05, Nick Mellor thebalance...@gmail.com wrote: Neil, Further down the data, found another edge case: Spring ONION from QLD Following the spec, the whole line should be description (description starts at first word that is not all caps.) This case breaks the latest groupby. A-ha! I did check your samples for the case of an empty product name and not find any started to think it couldn't happen. Change if prod or k: to if desc or prod or k: If this data file gets any weirder, let me know. ;) -- Neil Cerutti -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: Python Noob Question.
Re On Monday, December 3, 2012 4:19:51 PM UTC+2, Alexander Blinne wrote: Hello, by having a quick look at their website i found a plugin for CoreTemp which acts as a server and can be asked for status information of the cpu. Now your task is really simple: write a little function or class that opens a network socket, connects to that plugin und asks it for the information you require. You just need to find out what network protocol this plugin uses to communicate. If it is no standard protocol for which a higher level module is present (xmlrpc or something), see http://docs.python.org/3/library/socket.html for low level sockets. Greetings Really sorry for the late reply, but I've got a lot going on lately. Thanks a TON for your answer thought, this is exactly what I really hoped for. The problem for me is that I don't actually know anything about writing a function that opens a network socket, and connects to that plugin und asks it for the information you require. That's all really beyond me, all I can do is what I did so far, which is make it ask for your temperature value, and then test it to see if its an integer Then (I added this for testing) It asks for any temperature value. And if it exceeds the given limit, it rings an alarm. Until it freezes and becomes unresponsive :D I don't know how to make it 'query' or grab values constantly, if you don't mind my potentially incorrect terminology. If you know how to do this, or could explain it really step by step to me, I would be ever so thankful. Or even if you know of somewhere which I could ask this. Thanks!!! -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: mini browser with python
I think this is the snippe that you want:
david@david-desktop:~$ python
Python 2.7.3 (default, Aug 1 2012, 05:16:07)
[GCC 4.6.3] on linux2
Type help, copyright, credits or license for more information.
import urlliib
url_to_read = urllib.urlopen('http://hitwebdevelopment.com')
for line in url_to_read:
... print line
--
Best Regards,
David Hutto
CEO: http://www.hitwebdevelopment.com
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Re: problem with usbtmc-communication
On 5 dec, 16:26, w...@mac.com wrote:
On Dec 4, 2012, at 11:12 AM, Jean Dubois jeandubois...@gmail.com wrote:
On 4 dec, 15:33, w...@mac.com wrote:
On Dec 4, 2012, at 7:14 AM, Jean Dubois jeandubois...@gmail.com wrote:
The following test program which tries to communicate with a Keithley
2200 programmable power supply using usbtmc in Python does not work as
Is usbtmc a software layer (library of some sort) or some sort of hardware
adapter?
This is the information concerning usbtmc from the National
Instruments site:
USBTMC stands for USB Test Measurement Class. USBTMC is a protocol
built on top of USB that allows GPIB-like communication with USB
devices. From the user's point of view, the USB device behaves just
like a GPIB device. For example, you can use VISA Write to send the
*IDN? query and use VISA Read to get the response. The USBTMC protocol
supports service request, triggers and other GPIB specific operations.
expected. I have connected a 10 ohm resistor to its terminals and I
apply 0.025A, 0.050A, 0.075A en 0.1A,
I then measure the current and the voltage en write them in a file
De data produced looks like this:
0.00544643 0.254061; first current value is wrong, voltage value is
correct
0.0250807 0.509289; second current value is wrong, but it corresponds
to the first, second voltage is correct
0.0501099 0.763945; 3rd current value is wrong, but it corresponds to
the second, 3rd voltage is right
0.075099 1.01792; 4th current value is wrong, it corresponds to the
3rd, 4th voltage is right
4th correct current value is missing
But is should be (numerical inaccuracy taking into account)(these data
were produced by a similar octave-program):
0.0248947 0.254047
0.0499105 0.509258
0.0749044 0.764001
0.0998926 1.01828
Here is the python-program:
#!/usr/bin/python
import time
import os
import sys
measurementcurr=''
measurementvolt=''
timesleepdefault=1
filename ='mydata.txt'
usbkeith = open('/dev/usbtmc1','r+')
usbkeith.flush()
usbkeith.write(*IDN?\n)
#strip blank line:
identification=usbkeith.readline().strip()
print 'Found device: ',identification
usbkeith.write(SYST:REM + \n)
usbkeith.write(:SENS:VOLT:PROT 1.5\n)
keithdata = open(filename,'w')
#start first measurement
usbkeith.write(:SOUR:CURR 0.025\n)
usbkeith.write(:OUTP:STAT ON\n)
time.sleep(timesleepdefault)
usbkeith.write(:MEAS:CURR?\n)
time.sleep(timesleepdefault)
measurementcurr=usbkeith.readline()
print 'Measured current 1: ',measurementcurr
usbkeith.write(MEAS:VOLT?\n)
time.sleep(timesleepdefault)
measurementvolt=usbkeith.readline()
Without knowing anything about the usbtmc hardware/software it is hard to
make real recommendations, but it seems pretty clear that you are being
stepped on by a buffer problem of some sort. I'm VERY suspicious of using of
readline() as a way of getting the data out of the usbtmc thingy. That makes
python treat the Keithley as a file-like object and there are way too many
ways the file pointer may not be where you think it is.
I note that in your Octave example you are reading characters rather than
lines. It seems to me that you have two choices here, either do the
equivalent in python or dig through the Keithley documentation to find the
hex codes that usbtmc is presumably translating your commands into. If you
can find those, and if you are interested, I can send you off-line the
handler I wrote a couple of years ago that used a dictionary to translate
English commands into hex, then assembled those with a checksum and sent the
string out to a Keyspan usb to serial converter.
If you could show me how to do the equivalent in Python I'd
appreciate that very much
best regards,
jean
--
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Re: why does dead code costs time?
On 12/5/2012 1:24 PM, Bruno Dupuis wrote:
On Wed, Dec 05, 2012 at 10:59:26AM -0700, Ian Kelly wrote:
On Wed, Dec 5, 2012 at 10:34 AM, Steven D'Aprano
steve+comp.lang.pyt...@pearwood.info wrote:
The difference is almost certain between the LOAD_CONST and the
LOAD_GLOBAL.
As to *why* there is such a difference, I believe that's a leftover from
early Python days when None was not a keyword and could be reassigned.
I think this should even be considered a bug, not just a missing
optimization. Consider:
This is definitely a bug
globals()['None'] = 42
def f(x):
... return None
... print(x)
...
f('test')
42
This one is pretty scary
The difference between `return None` and `return` leads to inconsistency and
is in contradiction with the specs, AFAIK. I'm glad we pointed this out.
You did not specify version, but I confirmed in 3.3.0. Please open a
tracker issue.
--
Terry Jan Reedy
--
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Re: why does dead code costs time?
On Wed, Dec 5, 2012 at 12:41 PM, Terry Reedy tjre...@udel.edu wrote:
On 12/5/2012 1:24 PM, Bruno Dupuis wrote:
On Wed, Dec 05, 2012 at 10:59:26AM -0700, Ian Kelly wrote:
I think this should even be considered a bug, not just a missing
optimization. Consider:
This is definitely a bug
globals()['None'] = 42
def f(x):
... return None
... print(x)
...
f('test')
42
This one is pretty scary
The difference between `return None` and `return` leads to inconsistency
and
is in contradiction with the specs, AFAIK. I'm glad we pointed this out.
You did not specify version, but I confirmed in 3.3.0. Please open a
tracker issue.
It also occurs in 2.6.4
--
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Re: why does dead code costs time?
On Wed, Dec 05, 2012 at 03:41:19PM -0500, Terry Reedy wrote:
On 12/5/2012 1:24 PM, Bruno Dupuis wrote:
On Wed, Dec 05, 2012 at 10:59:26AM -0700, Ian Kelly wrote:
On Wed, Dec 5, 2012 at 10:34 AM, Steven D'Aprano
steve+comp.lang.pyt...@pearwood.info wrote:
The difference is almost certain between the LOAD_CONST and the
LOAD_GLOBAL.
As to *why* there is such a difference, I believe that's a leftover from
early Python days when None was not a keyword and could be reassigned.
I think this should even be considered a bug, not just a missing
optimization. Consider:
This is definitely a bug
globals()['None'] = 42
def f(x):
... return None
... print(x)
...
f('test')
42
This one is pretty scary
The difference between `return None` and `return` leads to inconsistency and
is in contradiction with the specs, AFAIK. I'm glad we pointed this out.
You did not specify version, but I confirmed in 3.3.0. Please open a
tracker issue.
It is also in 2.7 and 3.4 head, I didn't test other versions. I forgot
to mention here the issue I have just opened:
http://bugs.python.org/issue16619
--
Bruno Dupuis
--
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Re: Remote server: running a Python script and making *.csv files publicly available
On Wednesday, December 5, 2012 11:14:42 AM UTC-8, Jason Hsu wrote: make the *.csv files publicly available to read. Can this be done on Heroku? I've gone through the tutorial, but it seems to be geared towards people who want to create a whole web site. See one option - http://stackoverflow.com/questions/8470733/how-can-i-handle-static-files-with-python-webapp2-in-heroku If Heroku isn't the solution for me, what are the alternatives? I tried Google App Engine, but it requires Python 2.5 and won't work with 2.7. AppEngine does support Python 2.7, see https://developers.google.com/appengine/docs/python/runtime -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: mini browser with python
In other words I need a mini, simple browser; something I can build that will open, read and display a saved html file. If you want to view the raw HTML, use any editor. If you want to view the rendered HTML (like in a browser), you can point your favorite browser to a local file or use something like Qt+Webkit. -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: mini browser with python
On 5/12/12 20:36:04, inq1ltd wrote: Python help. ?This is not a Python question. I can connect to and download a web page, html code, and save it to a file. If connected to the web, I can use KWrite to open the file and navigate the page. I want to view the html file without using a browser or KWrite as I do now. In other words I need a mini, simple browser; something I can build that will open, read and display a saved html file. Why don't you use the browser you already know? I would appreciate some direction. You're more likely to get good recommendations on a forum dedicated to whichever OS you are using. Hope this help, -- HansM -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: mini browser with python
On 2012-12-05, Hans Mulder han...@xs4all.nl wrote: On 5/12/12 20:36:04, inq1ltd wrote: Python help. ? This is not a Python question. It sounds to me lik he's asking about using Python to render HTML and display the result. Back when I used Scheme/Tk for knocking out quick GUI apps, there was an HTML widget that allowed you to do that. Does Tkinter have something like that? -- Grant Edwards grant.b.edwardsYow! This ASEXUAL PIG at really BOILS my BLOOD gmail.com... He's so ... so ... URGENT!! -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: mini browser with python
On Wednesday, December 05, 2012 03:36:04 PM David
Hutto wrote:
I think this is the snippe that you want:
david@david-desktop:~$ python
Python 2.7.3 (default, Aug 1 2012, 05:16:07)
[GCC 4.6.3] on linux2
Type help, copyright, credits or license for more
information.
import urlliib
url_to_read =
urllib.urlopen('http://hitwebdevelopment.com')
for line in url_to_read:
... print line
Print line will send the html code to my
sys.stdout
I need to view the code as if
I were opening it with a browser.
Now, I set KWrite to read the code just
as Firefox does.
I want to incorporate a mini browser
in a module to do the same.
regards,
jimonlinux
--
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Re: why does dead code costs time?
I added a patch on the issue tracker. It solves the bug for short (32700 bytes) functions ref : http://bugs.python.org/file28217/16619-1.patch -- Bruno Dupuis -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: mini browser with python
On 12/05/2012 04:19 PM, inq1ltd wrote: SNIP I need to view the code as if I were opening it with a browser. Now, I set KWrite to read the code just as Firefox does. I want to incorporate a mini browser in a module to do the same. regards, jimonlinux You still haven't given any constraints. How about launching Firefox on file://mydir/temp/output.html ? Are you using a gui already, so this should display inside a window of your program? What OS are you using? Which version of Python, and which gui? If you haven't picked a GUI, have you looked into Miki's suggestion, Qt + webkit ? -- DaveA -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: mini browser with python
On Wednesday, December 05, 2012 10:15:58 PM Hans Mulder wrote: On 5/12/12 20:36:04, inq1ltd wrote: Python help. ?This is not a Python question. I can connect to and download a web page, html code, and save it to a file. If connected to the web, I can use KWrite to open the file and navigate the page. I want to view the html file without using a browser or KWrite as I do now. In other words I need a mini, simple browser; something I can build that will open, read and display a saved html file. Why don't you use the browser you already know? I would appreciate some direction. You're more likely to get good recommendations on a forum dedicated to whichever OS you are using. If this is not a Python question what is the purpose of the htmllib module, or the sgmllib module, or the formatter module, or the htmlentitydef module or the HTMLParser module and others that are available for python?? regards, jimonlinux Hope this help, -- HansM-- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
mini browser with python
Python help. I can connect to and download a web page, html code, and save it to a file. If connected to the web, I can change the settings on KWrite to open the file and navigate the page, (just like a browser does). I want to view the html file without using a browser or KWrite as I do now. Customer wants a direct connect to a dedicated website. Their clients can be using any browser. This gives them a a direct connect to a dedicated website for a specific purpose. In other words I need a mini, simple browser; something I can build that will open, read and display a saved html or the connected url site. I would appreciate some direction. jimonlinux -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: problem with usbtmc-communication
On Dec 5, 2012, at 3:38 PM, Jean Dubois jeandubois...@gmail.com wrote:
[byte]
I note that in your Octave example you are reading characters rather than
lines. It seems to me that you have two choices here, either do the
equivalent in python or dig through the Keithley documentation to find the
hex codes that usbtmc is presumably translating your commands into. If you
can find those, and if you are interested, I can send you off-line the
handler I wrote a couple of years ago that used a dictionary to translate
English commands into hex, then assembled those with a checksum and sent the
string out to a Keyspan usb to serial converter.
If you could show me how to do the equivalent in Python I'd
appreciate that very much
best regards,
jean
--
http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
OK - I've excerpted some of the relevant code (the original was much longer and
included a lot of error checking). Please understand that the comments were
for my own use, this was never intended to see the light of day (as it were).
Also, the structure grew from a situation where I only had to worry about a
single controller model - single relay model to one where I had to be able to
deal with two controllers and two relay models. This was all python 2.7 of
course.
cut on dotted line..
serial_port = /dev/tty.KeySerial1, 2, 3, etc.
X10_controller = 1132B or TI103
Relay_model = UM506 or RBn04
Relay_address = B2
import serial, string
def checksum256(st):
temp = reduce(lambda x,y:x+y, map(ord,st)) % 256
if temp 9:
hex_temp = '0'+str(temp)
return hex_temp
hex_temp = hex(temp).upper()[2:]
return hex_temp
letr_address_dict = {'A':'\x46', 'B':'\x4E', 'C':'\x42', 'D':'\x4A',
'E':'\x41', 'F':'\x49', 'G':'\x45', 'H':'\x4D', 'I':'\x47', 'J':'\x4F',
'K':'\x43', 'L':'\x4B', 'M':'\x40', 'N':'\x48', 'O':'\x44', 'P':'\x4C' }
numb_address_dict = {'1':'\x4C', '2':'\x5C', '3':'\x44', '4':'\x54',
'5':'\x42', '6':'\x52', '7':'\x4A', '8':'\x5A', '9':'\x4E', '10':'\x5E',
'11':'\x46', '12':'\x56', '13':'\x40', '14':'\x50', '15':'\x48', '16':'\x58' }
cmd_dict = {'SoC':'\x63', 'All_Units_Off':'\x41',
'All_Lights_On':'\x43', 'ON':'\x45', 'OFF':'\x47', 'Dim':'\x49',
'Bright':'\x4B', 'All_Lights_Off':'\x4D', 'Rep_Cnt1':'\x41', 'Rep_Cnt2':'\x42'}
def relay(port, controller_model, relay_model, relay_address, command):
if controller_model == '1132B':
if relay_model == 'UM506' or relay_model == 'UM7206':
letr = letr_address_dict[relay_address[0]]
numb = numb_address_dict[relay_address[1]]
cmd = cmd_dict[command]
cmd_string = '\x63'+letr+numb+cmd+'\x42' # Start-of-Command +
address_letter + address_number + command + Rep-count
ser = serial.Serial(port, 9600, timeout=1) # Set up handle to
serial port
stat1 = ser.write('\x02')# Write attention to
PowerLink, stat = number of bytes written, not really an error return.
ack1 = ser.read(2) # Check to see if
PowerLink is ready
if ack1 == '\x06\r': # It returns ACKCR
(\x06\r) if it is
stat2 = ser.write(cmd_string)
ack2 = ser.read(19)
if command == 'ON' and ack2 == 'XN\\1\rXNE1\rXNE1\r' : status = 0
if command == 'OFF' and ack2 == 'XN\\1\rXNG1\rXNG1\r': status = 0
if command == 'ON' and ack2 != 'XN\\1\rXNE1\rXNE1\r' : status =
1
if command == 'OFF' and ack2 != 'XN\\1\rXNG1\rXNG1\r': status =
1
elif ack1 =='\x15': # PowerLink sends NAC
(hex 15) if it isn't.
print('Received NAK from X10 Control, is there too much X10
traffic on the line?\n')
else: print(Something's wrong with X10 control. Ack returned
was: + ack1 + \n)
stat3 = ser.close() # Close serial port
return(status)
-
some irrelevant stuff was here, snipped
-
elif controller_model == 'TI103':
if relay_model == 'UM506' or relay_model == 'UM7206':
letr = relay_address[0]
numb = relay_address[1]
if int(relay_address[1]) = 9: numb = '0'+numb
# stat1 = ser.write('$28001B02B02 BONBONCC#') # Tell TI103 to send
On to device B2
ser = serial.Serial(port, 9600, timeout=0.1) # Set up handle to
serial port
cmd_string = '$28001'+letr+numb+letr+numb+'
'+letr+command+letr+command
ck_sum = checksum256(cmd_string)
cmd_string = cmd_string+ck_sum+'#'
stat2 = ser.write(cmd_string)
ack2 = ser.read(10)
if ack2 != '$2800!4B#': print('Problem writing command string,
controller ACK =', ack2) # $2800!4B# == success
stat3 = ser.close()
urlopen in python3
In python2, I use this code: a=urllib.urlopen(something) In python2, this work if something is a regular file on the system as well as a remote URL. The 2to3 script convert this to urllib.request.urlopen. But it does not work anymore if something is just a file name. My aim is to let the user specify a file on the command line and have something that works, whatever the file actually is: a regular file, an http url, etc... Olive -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Confused compare function :)
Hi all, I'm confused again with a compare update function. The problem is that my function does not work at all and I don't get it where it comes from. in my DB I have total of 754 products. when I run the function is says: Total updated: 754 Total not found with in the distributor: 747 I just don't get it, can you find my mistake ? Thanks in advance def Change_price(): total = 0 tnf = 0 for row in DB: # DB is mySQL DB, logically I get out 1 SKU and I compare it with next loop isku = row[sku] isku = isku.lower() iprice = row[price] iprice = int(iprice) found = 0 try: for x in PRICELIST:# here is my next loop in a CSV file which is allready in a list PRICELIST try: dprice = x[6] dprice = dprice.replace(,,.) # As in the PRICELIST the prices are with commas I replace the comma as python request it dprice = float(dprice) newprice = round(dprice)*1.10 dsku = x[4] dsku = dsku.lower() stock = int(x[7]) if isku == dsku and newprice int(iprice):# If found the coresponded SKU and the price is higher than the one in the CSV I update the price print dsku, x[6], dprice, newprice Update_SQL(newprice, isku)# goes to the SQL Update print isku, newprice if isku == dsku:# Just a check to see if it works print Found %s %dsku found = 1 else: found = 0 except IndexError: pass except ValueError: pass except TypeError: pass except IndexError: pass if found == 1: print %s This is match % isku if found == 0: print %s Not found % isku tnf = tnf +1 total = total +1 print Total updated: %s % total printTotal not found with in the distributor: %s % tnf -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
RE: urlopen in python3
In python2, this work if something is a regular file on the system as well as a remote URL. The 2to3 script convert this to urllib.request.urlopen. But it does not work anymore if something is just a file name. My aim is to let the user specify a file on the command line and have something that works, whatever the file actually is: a regular file, an http url, etc... A file path, such as /etc/passwd, isn't properly a URL, so urllib correctly refuses to handle it. You can make it a URL by using the file:// protocol, i.e. file:///etc/passwd... which appears to work in both python2 and python3. -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: mini browser with python
In mailman.532.1354745770.29569.python-l...@python.org inq1ltd inq1...@inqvista.com writes: In other words I need a mini, simple browser; something I can build that will open, read and display a saved html or the connected url site. What will be the output of this mini browser? Plain text? Rendered graphics? An audible screen reader? Something else? What web standards does this mini browser need to support? Full HTML5? Partial HTML? CSS? Javascript? Flash? -- John Gordon A is for Amy, who fell down the stairs gor...@panix.com B is for Basil, assaulted by bears -- Edward Gorey, The Gashlycrumb Tinies -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
z-buffer mlab
Hi Guys! I am plotting an object in mlab (isoSurface) and then I am adding 2 image_plane_widgets. Till now everything is ok but when I am changing the opacity of the object to lower than 1 it is suddenly appearing behind the planes? Why so? Is it dependant on the order of adding objects? But i cant add image_plane without having a surface I would be very gratefull for help. -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Installing packages on Mac OS X 10.7.5
Hello Everyone! I have python v2.7.1 and I am trying to install packages on the Mac OS X v10.7.5 I am trying to install: Distribute Nose virtualenv If anyone can help me that would be great John Dildy jdild...@gmail.com -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: Remote server: running a Python script and making *.csv files publicly available
On 12/05/2012 12:14 PM, Jason Hsu wrote: I have a Python 2.7 script that produces *.csv files. I'd like to run this Python script on a remote server and make the *.csv files publicly available to read. Can this be done on Heroku? I've gone through the tutorial, but it seems to be geared towards people who want to create a whole web site. If Heroku isn't the solution for me, what are the alternatives? I tried Google App Engine, but it requires Python 2.5 and won't work with 2.7. Can you just write the files in a directory and then have apache configured to serve this directory up over http? That way Python needn't worry about the details of http serving. Other mini web servers would work too like lighttpd or uhttpd. Alternatively you could use Python-Twisted to implement a simple web server that serves up the CSV. Using a full framework is overkill, in my opinion. I'm not sure what Heroku (first I've heard of it) is, but I don't think you need that. -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: urlopen in python3
Nick Cash nick.c...@npcinternational.com wrote: In python2, this work if something is a regular file on the system as well as a remote URL. The 2to3 script convert this to urllib.request.urlopen. But it does not work anymore if something is just a file name. My aim is to let the user specify a file on the command line and have something that works, whatever the file actually is: a regular file, an http url, etc... A file path, such as /etc/passwd, isn't properly a URL, so urllib correctly refuses to handle it. You can make it a URL by using the file:// protocol, i.e. file:///etc/passwd... which appears to work in both python2 and python3. That's true a file path is not an URL, yet the python2 behaviour was handy. I do not know in advance if it is a file or an URL, so what's the best way to hadle the case? I imagine someling like: if os.path.exists(something): something=file://+os.path.abspath(something) a=urllib.request.urlopen(something) -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: Installing packages on Mac OS X 10.7.5
On 6-12-2012 0:12, John Dildy wrote: Hello Everyone! I have python v2.7.1 and I am trying to install packages on the Mac OS X v10.7.5 I am trying to install: Distribute Nose virtualenv If anyone can help me that would be great John Dildy jdild...@gmail.com Avoid changing stuff on the system installed python. If you don't have virtualenv already, I would suggest to either: - install virtualenv by means of easy_install (which should be installed already) - do everything else in a virtual env, instead of in the system installed python directly Or install homebrew, then brew install python, and use that. This avoids using the system installed python entirely. Irmen -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: Confused compare function :)
On Wed, Dec 05, 2012 at 11:50:49PM +0100, Anatoli Hristov wrote: I'm confused again with a compare update function. The problem is that my function does not work at all and I don't get it where it comes from. in my DB I have total of 754 products. when I run the function is says: Total updated: 754 Total not found with in the distributor: 747 I just don't get it, can you find my mistake ? Thanks in advance def Change_price(): total = 0 tnf = 0 for row in DB: # DB is mySQL DB, logically I get out 1 SKU and I compare it with next loop isku = row[sku] isku = isku.lower() iprice = row[price] iprice = int(iprice) found = 0 try: for x in PRICELIST:# here is my next loop in a CSV file which is allready in a list PRICELIST try: dprice = x[6] dprice = dprice.replace(,,.) # As in the PRICELIST the prices are with commas I replace the comma as python request it dprice = float(dprice) newprice = round(dprice)*1.10 dsku = x[4] dsku = dsku.lower() stock = int(x[7]) if isku == dsku and newprice int(iprice):# If found the coresponded SKU and the price is higher than the one in the CSV I update the price print dsku, x[6], dprice, newprice Update_SQL(newprice, isku)# goes to the SQL Update print isku, newprice if isku == dsku:# Just a check to see if it works print Found %s %dsku found = 1 else: found = 0 except IndexError: pass except ValueError: pass except TypeError: pass except IndexError: pass if found == 1: print %s This is match % isku if found == 0: print %s Not found % isku tnf = tnf +1 total = total +1 print Total updated: %s % total printTotal not found with in the distributor: %s % tnf I tried, I swear I did try, I didn't understand the whole algorithm of the function. However, in a first sight, I find it way to deeply nested. def ... for ... try ... for ... if ... if. Can't you split it in several function, or in methods of a callable class? Somtimes it's finally much more clear and the errors become obvious. Another advice: never ever except XXXError: pass at least log, or count, or warn, or anything, but don't pass. I bet your missing products have disapeared into those black holes. mmmh, now, i see that you set found to 1 only if newprice int(iprice)... new_price is a float (newprice = round(dprice)*1.10) that you compare with an int? is that correct? seems strangee to me. -- Bruno Dupuis -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: Confused compare function :)
On Wed, 05 Dec 2012 23:50:49 +0100, Anatoli Hristov wrote: def Change_price(): Misleading function name. What price does it change? total = 0 tnf = 0 tnf? Does that mean something? for row in DB: # DB is mySQL DB, logically I get out # 1 SKU and I compare it with next loop Use of global variables, yuck. What happens if some day you need two databases at the same time? isku = row[sku] isku = isku.lower() Hungarian Notation? This is better written as: sku = row[sku].lower() iprice = row[price] iprice = int(iprice) And likewise price = int(row[price]). Or better still, oldprice, or price_in_database, or something that actually describes what it is. found = 0 found = False try: for x in PRICELIST: # here is my next loop in a CSV file # which is allready in a list PRICELIST try: dprice = x[6] dprice? D-for-database price? But this is the price from the CSV file, not from the database. Another misleading name, leading to confusion. dprice = dprice.replace(,,.) # As in the PRICELIST the prices are with # commas I replace the comma as python request it dprice = float(dprice) newprice = round(dprice)*1.10 dsku = x[4] dsku = dsku.lower() And again, what's dsku mean? Database-SKU? But it's the CSV SKU. stock = int(x[7]) I don't believe that this is used at all. Get rid of it. if isku == dsku and newprice int(iprice): # If found the coresponded SKU and the price is # higher than the one in the CSV I update the price I think your logic is wrong here. You aren't comparing the price in the CSV here at all. You compare two prices, neither of which is the price in the CSV file: newprice = round(price in CSV) * 1.10 iprice = price from the database (which is already an int, no need to call int *again* -- if you're going to use Hungarian Notation, pay attention to it!) So you have THREE prices, not two, and it isn't clear which ones you are *supposed* to compare. Either the code is wrong, or the comment is wrong, or possibly both. iprice = price from the database dprice = price from the CSV newprice = calculated new price I'm going to GUESS that you actually want to compare the new price with the price in the database. if newprice iprice: # horrible name! no wonder you are confused # Update the database with the new price print dsku, x[6], dprice, newprice Update_SQL(newprice, isku) # goes to the SQL Update Really? Gosh, without the comment, how would anyone know that Update_SQL updates the SQL? :-P Seriously, the comment is redundant. Get rid of it. print isku, newprice if isku == dsku: # Just a check to see if it works print Found %s %dsku found = 1 else: found = 0 found = True or False is better. But this code cannot do anything but print Found, since above you already tested that isku == dsku. So this check is pointless. The reason is, your code does this: if isku == dsku and (something else): # Inside this block, isku MUST equal dsku blah blah blah if isku == dsku: print Found found = 1 else: # But this cannot possibly happen print not found found = 0 except IndexError: pass except ValueError: pass except TypeError: pass Why are you hiding errors? You should not hide errors unnecessarily, that means there are bugs in either the CSV or your code, you should fix the bugs. However, if you really must, then you can replace all of those with: except (IndexError, ValueError, TypeError): pass except IndexError: pass And hiding more errors? if found == 1: print %s This is match % isku if found == 0: print %s Not found % isku tnf = tnf +1 total = total +1 Better to write this as: if found: print %s This is match % isku else: print %s Not found % isku tnf = tnf + 1 # What does this mean? total += 1 print Total updated: %s % total That's wrong. total is *not* the number updated. It is the total, updated or not updated. This should say: print Total records inspected: %s % total printTotal not found with in the distributor: %s % tnf Ah-ha! It means Total Not Found! I shouldn't have
Re: Confused compare function :)
On Thu, 06 Dec 2012 01:19:58 +0100, Bruno Dupuis wrote: I tried, I swear I did try, I didn't understand the whole algorithm of the function. However, in a first sight, I find it way to deeply nested. Yes! But basically, the code seems to run a pair of nested for-loops: for SKU in database: for SKU in csv file: if the two SKUs match: compare their prices and update the database def ... for ... try ... for ... if ... if. You missed a second try. Can't you split it in several function, or in methods of a callable class? Somtimes it's finally much more clear and the errors become obvious. Another advice: never ever except XXXError: pass at least log, or count, or warn, or anything, but don't pass. I bet your missing products have disapeared into those black holes. I think that never is too strong, but otherwise I agree with you. mmmh, now, i see that you set found to 1 only if newprice int(iprice)... new_price is a float (newprice = round(dprice)*1.10) that you compare with an int? is that correct? seems strangee to me. There's nothing wrong with comparing floats to ints. However, possibly iprice is not intended to be an int. The code is rather confused and the names are at best obscure and at worst actively misleading. I assumed that prices must be ints, (iprice means integer price?) but that might not be the case, since later on another price is multiplied by 1.10. Also I wonder if the code is meant to calculate the new price: newprice = round(dprice)*1.10 # dprice is the price in the CSV file! or perhaps it is meant to be: newprice = int(round(dprice*1.10)) That seems likely. -- Steven -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: mini browser with python
On 5/12/12 22:44:21, inq1ltd wrote: I can connect to and download a web page, html code, and save it to a file. If connected to the web, I can change the settings on KWrite to open the file and navigate the page, (just like a browser does). I want to view the html file without using a browser or KWrite as I do now. Customer wants a direct connect to a dedicated website. Their clients can be using any browser. This gives them a a direct connect to a dedicated website for a specific purpose. In other words I need a mini, simple browser; something I can build that will open, read and display a saved html or the connected url site. How about: import os.path, webbrowser webbrowser.open(file:// + os.path.abspath(your_file)) I would appreciate some direction. You'd get more useful answers if you'd give some more context. For example: * Which platform? * Which version of Python? * Which GUI (if any)? * What capabilities do you need? CSS? Javascript? * Are there any unusual requirement? Hope this helps, -- HansM -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: Installing packages on Mac OS X 10.7.5
On 6/12/12 00:56:55, Irmen de Jong wrote: On 6-12-2012 0:12, John Dildy wrote: I have python v2.7.1 and I am trying to install packages on the Mac OS X v10.7.5 I am trying to install: Distribute Nose virtualenv If anyone can help me that would be great Avoid changing stuff on the system installed python. +1 If you don't have virtualenv already, I would suggest to either: - install virtualenv by means of easy_install (which should be installed already) - do everything else in a virtual env, instead of in the system installed python directly Or install homebrew, then brew install python, and use that. This avoids using the system installed python entirely. Or simply download Python 2.7.3 from python.org and install that. The Mac OSX installers from python.org leave the system Python alone and install a separate copy of Python under /Local/. Or you could use MacPorts, which will install into /opt/local/. Or you could get really fancy, and install a Python from python.org or homebrew or MacPorts, and then user virtualenv to avoid messing up that Python. The one thing you want to avoid is messing with the system Python. Hope this helps, -- HansM -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: Secretly passing parameter to function
Hi all ! I have a problem that is not easy to explained, so I have tried to reduce it a lot. We are using a framework, that we can not modify. in framework.py: def do(something): ''' Here we are in a framework that can not be modified ... It does a lot of things and finally: ''' something() in test.py: from framework import * def step1(): print Do step1 def step2(): print Do step2 # We ask the framework to do some work. do(step1) do(step2) do(step3) We are writing step1, step2, ... and asking the framework to process them. Everything is ok, until we want to add a parameter to some steps. We want to be able to do that: in test.py: from framework import * def step1(param): print Do step1 with param def step2(): print Do step2 # We ask the framework to do some work. do(step1, param = None) do(step1, param = [0, 1, 5]) # again do(step2) Of course it does not work ... TypeError: do() takes exactly 1 argument (2 given) And we can not modify the framework (in which do is defined. One solution would be to use a global variable that can be set before each step. But it is not very elegant ... One other approach would be to add dynamically an attribute the the step1 function, and retrieve it inside the function, but it is perhaps overkill. Do you have some ideas ? Olivier, I would create a partial object using the functools module, but I would also wrap it in a decorator so I could call my functions as usual. Here's an example: # File: framework.py: def do(something): print(Framework in action...) return something() # File: test.py: import functools import framework def pack(func): Return a function object to be called later. def f(*args, **kwargs): Call the framework passing a partial object to be called. print(Wrapper in action...) part = functools.partial(func, *args, **kwargs) return framework.do(part) #-- Call the simplified function. return f#-- Return the function object to-be-called. # Usage: Just wrap your defs with the decorator '@pack': @pack def step1(x, y): print(x, y) @pack def step2(a): return sum(a) @pack def step3(): print(Amazing!) # Call your functions as usual e.g: step1(3, 5)... In theory everything should just work. I tested the above example and it seemed to work just fine with my limited testing. Good luck! -Modulok- -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Dict comprehension help
I get a list of dicts as output from a source I need to then extract various dicts out of. I can easily extract the dict of choice based on it containing a key with a certain value using list comp but I was hoping to use dict comp so the output was not contained within a list. reduce(lambda x,y: dict(x.items() + y.items()), filter(lambda z: z['key'] == value, my_list)) where my_list is a list of dicts. The premise is all dicts in the list have a unique value for z['key']. Anyone have a pointer as to how I might tackle this without lambdas and only using dict comp? Thanks! jlc -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: Need porting of German Wotan AI into Python
On 6 Dec, 04:38, Mentifex menti...@myuw.net wrote: There are no funds available for payment but mega kudos will accrue I'm sure that'll keep my kids well fed. Not commenting on this link, just including it here for the interested: http://www.nothingisreal.com/mentifex_faq.html -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: Confused compare function :)
On 06/12/2012 00:19, Bruno Dupuis wrote: [...] Another advice: never ever except XXXError: pass at least log, or count, or warn, or anything, but don't pass. Really? I've used that kind of thing several times in my code. For example, there's a point where I have a list of strings and I want to create a list of those ints that are represented in string form in my list, so I do this: listofints = [] for k in listofstrings: try: listofints.append(int(k)) except ValueError: pass Another example: I have a dialog box with an entry field where the user can specify a colour by entering a string, and a preview box showing the colour. I want the preview to automatically update when the user has finished entering a valid colour string, so whenever the entry field is modified I call this: def preview(*args): try: previewbox.config(bg = str(entryfield.get())) except tk.TclError: pass Is there a problem with either of the above? If so, what should I do instead? -- I have made a thing that superficially resembles music: http://soundcloud.com/eroneity/we-berated-our-own-crapiness -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: Dict comprehension help
On Wed, Dec 5, 2012 at 8:03 PM, Joseph L. Casale
jcas...@activenetwerx.com wrote:
I get a list of dicts as output from a source I need to then extract various
dicts
out of. I can easily extract the dict of choice based on it containing a key
with
a certain value using list comp but I was hoping to use dict comp so the
output
was not contained within a list.
reduce(lambda x,y: dict(x.items() + y.items()), filter(lambda z: z['key'] ==
value, my_list))
where my_list is a list of dicts. The premise is all dicts in the list have a
unique
value for z['key'].
Anyone have a pointer as to how I might tackle this without lambdas and only
using dict comp?
{k: v for d in my_list if d['key'] == value for (k, v) in d.items()}
However, since you say that all dicts have a unique value for
z['key'], you should never need to actually merge two dicts, correct?
In that case, why not just use a plain for loop to search for the
dict?
for d in my_list:
if d['key'] == value:
result = d
break
else:
raise ValueError(Value not found!)
--
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Re: Confused compare function :)
On Thu, 06 Dec 2012 03:22:53 +, Rotwang wrote: On 06/12/2012 00:19, Bruno Dupuis wrote: [...] Another advice: never ever except XXXError: pass at least log, or count, or warn, or anything, but don't pass. Really? I've used that kind of thing several times in my code. For example, there's a point where I have a list of strings and I want to create a list of those ints that are represented in string form in my list, so I do this: listofints = [] for k in listofstrings: try: listofints.append(int(k)) except ValueError: pass Another example: I have a dialog box with an entry field where the user can specify a colour by entering a string, and a preview box showing the colour. I want the preview to automatically update when the user has finished entering a valid colour string, so whenever the entry field is modified I call this: def preview(*args): try: previewbox.config(bg = str(entryfield.get())) except tk.TclError: pass Is there a problem with either of the above? If so, what should I do instead? They're fine. Never, ever say that people should never, ever do something. *cough* -- Steven -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
RE: Dict comprehension help
{k: v for d in my_list if d['key'] == value for (k, v) in d.items()}
Ugh, had part of that backwards:) Nice!
However, since you say that all dicts have a unique value for
z['key'], you should never need to actually merge two dicts, correct?
In that case, why not just use a plain for loop to search for the
dict?
The reason is that I need several of these in an init function and they
stack up nicely where as the loops get unruly in length, but I don't
disagree.
--
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question about importing a package
I have a directory structure that looks like this: sample.py sub_one/ __init__.py # defines only the list__all__ = ['foo', 'bar'] foo.py # defines the function in_foo() bar.py # defines the function in_bar() In sample.py, I have this command at the top: from sub_one import * I can't refer to in_foo() and in_bar() without prefacing them with the module names. I.e. foo.in_foo() and bar.in_bar() work, but I want to import them in the __main__ namespace of sample.py and refer to them as just in_foo() and in_bar(). I know this is frowned upon, but for my purposes it is the best choice. I have about 30 modules in my package (foos and bars) and I don't want 30 lines at the top of each file that uses this package. What am I doing wrong? Thanks, Matt -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: How does one make argparse print usage when no options are provided on the command line?
On 12/5/2012 7:48 PM, rh wrote:
On Wed, 5 Dec 2012 18:42:37 +0100
Bruno Dupuis python.ml.bruno.dup...@lisael.org wrote:
On Wed, Dec 05, 2012 at 08:48:30AM -0800, rh wrote:
I have argparse working with one exception. I wanted the program to
print out usage when no command line options are given. But I only
came across other examples where people didn't use argparse but
instead printed out a separate usage statement. So they used
argparse for everything but the case where no command line args are
given.
this is quite raw, but i'd add
import sys
if len(sys.argv) == 1:
sys.argv.append('-h')
This works too. I guess I like the print_usage() method better.
Being new to python I have noticed that I had copied a bit of code that did
if len(sys.argv[1:]) == 0:
This needlessly creates and tosses a new object.
You did this:
if len(sys.argv) == 1:
This does not.
The other reply did this:
if len(sys.argv) = 1:
This allows for the possibility that len(sys.argv) == 0. However, that
can (according to the doc) only happen when starting the interpreter
interactively without a script. Since that does not apply to code within
a .py file, I prefer == 1.
argv[0] is the script name (it is operating system dependent whether
this is a full pathname or not). If the command was executed using the
-c command line option to the interpreter, argv[0] is set to the string
'-c'. If no script name was passed to the Python interpreter, argv[0] is
the empty string.
--
Terry Jan Reedy
--
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Re: question about importing a package
On Thu, Dec 6, 2012 at 3:58 PM, Matt m...@woodridgeadvisors.com wrote: I have about 30 modules in my package (foos and bars) and I don't want 30 lines at the top of each file that uses this package. What am I doing wrong? Not necessarily wrong, but definitely something to query: WHY do you have thirty modules in your package? How big are your source files - could you simply merge them into a single module? ChrisA -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: why does dead code costs time?
Bruno Dupuis python.ml.bruno.dup...@lisael.org wrote: On Wed, Dec 05, 2012 at 05:40:51PM +0100, Bruno Dupuis wrote: Good point! I didn't even noticed that. It's weird... Maybe the difference comes from a peehole optim on f which is not possible on g as g is to complex. Neil, you were right, thanks. I patched peehole.c to remove this optim, and now the figures are the same. I investigate to find out why the latter function is not optimized the same way (and if it can be, I'll propose a patch for that) At the risk of being labeled a prude, please be careful about spelling (and pronouncing) the whole word peephole. The word as you have spelled it here (twice) is a vulgarity. Now, I'm all in favor of the occasional vulgarity, but if this is a misunderstanding, you could find yourself as the butt of some awkward jokes at some future optimization conference... -- Tim Roberts, t...@probo.com Providenza Boekelheide, Inc. -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: question about importing a package
On 6 Dec, 14:58, Matt m...@woodridgeadvisors.com wrote: I have a directory structure that looks like this: sample.py sub_one/ __init__.py # defines only the list __all__ = ['foo', 'bar'] foo.py # defines the function in_foo() bar.py # defines the function in_bar() In sample.py, I have this command at the top: from sub_one import * What am I doing wrong? The statement `from sub_one import *` imports from sub_one/ __init__.py, which only imports the two modules into its namespace, not their contents. What you need to do is bring into __init__.py everything you want the star-import to pull into your code: __init__.py: from foo import * from bar import * foo.py: __all__ = [ 'in_foo' ] def in_foo(): ... bar.py: __all__ = [ 'in_bar' ] def in_bar(): ... If you structure is like this, you can restrict which items can be imported within the defining file. If it doesn't make sense to do it there, remove __all__ and just import directly in the __init__. -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Re: question about importing a package
On Wed, 05 Dec 2012 20:58:46 -0800, Matt wrote: I have a directory structure that looks like this: sample.py sub_one/ __init__.py # defines only the list __all__ = ['foo', 'bar'] foo.py # defines the function in_foo() bar.py # defines the function in_bar() In sample.py, I have this command at the top: from sub_one import * I can't refer to in_foo() and in_bar() without prefacing them with the module names. I.e. foo.in_foo() and bar.in_bar() work, but I want to import them in the __main__ namespace of sample.py and refer to them as just in_foo() and in_bar(). Module `sub_one` has two public names, foo and bar, exactly as you say. So when you import * from it, you only get two names. Now, you could do any of these inside sample.py: # 1 from sub_one.foo import in_foo from sub_one.bar import in_bar # 2 from sub_one import * in_foo = foo.in_foo in_bar = bar.in_foo Or you could turn to sub_one.__init__ and do this: # 3 __all__ = ['in_foo', 'in_bar'] from foo import in_foo from bar import in_bar or any combination of the above. -- Steven -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
Some help in refining this regex for CSV files
Hi guys, I've to deal with CSVs that look like following CSV (with one header and 3 legit rows where each legit row has 3 columns) Some info Date: 12/6/2012 Author: Some guy Total records: 100 header1, header2, header3 one, two, three one, Python is great, so are other languages, isn't ?, three one, two, 'some languages, are realyl beautiful\r\n, I really cannot deny \n this \t\t\t fact. \t\t\t\tthis fact alone is amazing' So inside this CSV, there will always be bad lines like the top 4 (they could end up in the beginning, in the middle and even in the last). So above sample, csv has 3 legit lines and a header. I want to read those three lines and here is a regex that I came up with (which clearly isn't working) #print line pattern = r([^\t]+\t|,+) matches = re.match(pattern, line) Do you've any better ideas guys? I will really appreciate all help. -- http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
[issue16581] define PEP editor in PEP 1
Chris Jerdonek added the comment: Are there any comments on the patch from the PEP 1 authors? PEP 1 says that I should assign this to one of the PEP authors. Any takers, or is this something I can commit on the authors' behalf? -- ___ Python tracker rep...@bugs.python.org http://bugs.python.org/issue16581 ___ ___ Python-bugs-list mailing list Unsubscribe: http://mail.python.org/mailman/options/python-bugs-list/archive%40mail-archive.com
[issue16123] IDLE - deprecate running without a subprocess
Andrew Svetlov added the comment: I think that usage is not officially supported, so we cannot grant this way will work forever. -- ___ Python tracker rep...@bugs.python.org http://bugs.python.org/issue16123 ___ ___ Python-bugs-list mailing list Unsubscribe: http://mail.python.org/mailman/options/python-bugs-list/archive%40mail-archive.com
[issue15346] Tkinter extention modules have no documentation
Andrew Svetlov added the comment: Patch is welcome! -- ___ Python tracker rep...@bugs.python.org http://bugs.python.org/issue15346 ___ ___ Python-bugs-list mailing list Unsubscribe: http://mail.python.org/mailman/options/python-bugs-list/archive%40mail-archive.com
[issue16613] ChainMap.new_child could use improvement
New submission from Vinay Sajip:
ChainMap.new_child could IMO be improved through allowing an optional dict to
be passed, which is used to create the child. The use case is that you
sometimes need to temporarily push a new non-empty mapping in front of an
existing chain. This could be achieved by changing new_child to the following,
which is backwards-compatible:
def new_child(self, d=None):
'New ChainMap with a new dict followed by all previous maps.'
return self.__class__(d or {}, *self.maps)
--
components: Library (Lib)
messages: 176974
nosy: rhettinger, vinay.sajip
priority: normal
severity: normal
status: open
title: ChainMap.new_child could use improvement
type: enhancement
versions: Python 3.4
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[issue16612] Integrate Argument Clinic specialized preprocessor into CPython trunk
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[issue8865] select.poll is not thread safe
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[issue12268] file readline, readlines readall methods can lose data on EINTR
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[issue16602] weakref can return an object with 0 refcount
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[issue14913] tokenize the source to manage Pdb breakpoints
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[issue14728] trace function not set, causing some Pdb commands to fail
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[issue14743] on terminating, Pdb debugs itself
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[issue16180] cannot quit pdb when there is a syntax error in the debuggee (must kill it)
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[issue13044] pdb throws AttributeError at end of debugging session
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