Re: [R] Can any one help me on format file data.
Horacio Castellini [EMAIL PROTECTED] wrote in message news:[EMAIL PROTECTED] Hi all. I'd like know what is the format file saved by Leica Microsystems TCS SP2-AOBS equipped with a SP2-FCS2 Leica Microsystems workstation its datas. Cause it save in *.fcs extention file but ins't flow cytometry standart format file... From a Google search for SP2-FCS2 Leica Microsystems I found this paper http://jcs.biologists.org/cgi/reprint/118/24/5825.pdf that talked about Fluorescence Correlation Spectroscopy (FCS) data. Is is possible you have Fluorescence Correlation Spectroscopy (FCS) data instead of flow cytometry (FCS) data? I've worked some with both types of FCS data. I wrote a ConfoCor 3 Fluroescence Correlation Spectroscopy FCS viewer in R: http://research.stowers-institute.org/efg/ScientificSoftware/Utility/FCSViewer/R.htm. The software that reads that older Fluroescence Correlation Spectroscopy FCS data was in Delphi http://research.stowers-institute.org/efg/ScientificSoftware/Utility/FCSViewer/index.htm. It would be a bit of a pain to read that older Fluroescence Correlation Spectroscopy FCS bit stream in R. But it'slikely Leica's format is different than Zeiss. I have also worked with some versions of flow cytometery FCS data (e.g., see http://research.stowers-institute.org/efg/ScientificSoftware/Utility/FCSExtract/index.htm). There are different versions of that FCS standard too. If you send me a small file, I'll see if I can recognize if it's a format I've seen. efg Earl F. Glynn Scientific Programmer Stowers Institute for Medical Research __ R-help@stat.math.ethz.ch mailing list https://stat.ethz.ch/mailman/listinfo/r-help PLEASE do read the posting guide http://www.R-project.org/posting-guide.html and provide commented, minimal, self-contained, reproducible code.
Re: [R] Writing - specyfic format
jastar [EMAIL PROTECTED] wrote in message
news:[EMAIL PROTECTED]
Hi all,
I have a trouble - I need to write file in a very specyfic format.
I have two vectors which different lengths and one data.frame (or matrix).
I want to write it to *.txt file in following way:
1st row of file is my 1st vector (separate by spacebar)
2nd row of file is 2nd vector (also separate by spacebar)
Rest of this file should be a matrix with elements separated by tab.
For example: a=1, 2, 3, b=4, 5, c=[1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6;
7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12,]
and I want to have file (it have to be .txt file) like:
1 2 3
4 5
1 2 3 4 5 6
7 8 9 10 1112
This thing have to be done automaticly from R.
Is it possible?
Try this:
a - 1:3
b - 4:5
c - matrix(1:12, 2,6, byrow=TRUE)
outFile - file(SpecificFormat.txt, w)
cat(paste(a, sep= ), \n, file=outFile)
cat(paste(b, sep= ), \n, file=outFile)
for (j in 1:nrow(c))
{
cat(paste(c[j,], collapse=\t), \n, file=outFile)
}
close(outFile)
Resulting output file (with spaces or tabs as specified):
1 2 3
4 5
1 2 3 4 5 6
7 8 9 10 11 12
[But I normally avoid tabs since you cannot see them easily with many
editors.]
efg
Earl F. Glynn
Stowers Institute for Medical Research
__
R-help@stat.math.ethz.ch mailing list
https://stat.ethz.ch/mailman/listinfo/r-help
PLEASE do read the posting guide http://www.R-project.org/posting-guide.html
and provide commented, minimal, self-contained, reproducible code.
Re: [R] Read Windows-like .INI files into R data structure?
[EMAIL PROTECTED] wrote in message
news:[EMAIL PROTECTED]...
.Ini files are, for lack of a better description, ancient.
In this case a device is creating the INI files as part of an experiment, so
the file format cannot be changed (at least easily).
I've looked at XML files from time to time and I'm amazed more don't
complain how bloated, if not wasteful, they are. I've seen XML files that
were megabytes long when they held kilobytes worth of data. INI files may
be ancient, but they can be efficient and effective compared with XML. In
some cases, newer may not really be better (but newer may have the
momentum behind it).
Gabor Grothendieck [EMAIL PROTECTED] wrote in message
news:[EMAIL PROTECTED]...
In thinking about this a bit more here is an even shorter solution where
Lines.raw is as before:
# Lines - readLines(myfile.ini)
Lines - readLines(textConnection(Lines.raw))
Lines2 - chartr([], ==, Lines)
DF - read.table(textConnection(Lines2), as.is = TRUE, sep = =, fill =
TRUE)
L - DF$V1 ==
subset(transform(DF, V3 = V2[which(L)[cumsum(L)]])[1:3], V1 != )
Thanks for your helpful suggestions, Gabor. Perhaps your zoo option is
more elegant, but I try to use as few packages as possible, so this option
seemed the best for me.
Since in my problem the structure of the INI sections is almost static and
always present, I extended your example to create an in-memory list of
everything in the INI file with this function:
# Prototype of how to read INI files to process olfactometer data
# efg, 13 June 2007
# Thanks to Gabor Grothendieck for helpful suggestions in the R-Help
# mailing list on how to parse the INI file.
Parse.INI - function(INI.filename)
{
connection - file(INI.filename)
Lines - readLines(connection)
close(connection)
Lines - chartr([], ==, Lines) # change section headers
connection - textConnection(Lines)
d - read.table(connection, as.is = TRUE, sep = =, fill = TRUE)
close(connection)
L - d$V1 == # location of section breaks
d - subset(transform(d, V3 = V2[which(L)[cumsum(L)]])[1:3],
V1 != )
ToParse - paste(INI.list$, d$V3, $, d$V1, - ',
d$V2, ', sep=)
INI.list - list()
eval(parse(text=ToParse))
return(INI.list)
}
Here's an example of using the above function (I'll put the sample input
file below):
INI1 - Parse.INI(sample.ini)
# Explore INI contents
summary(INI1)
INI1$SystemSetup$OlfactometerCode
INI1$DefaultLevels
unlist(INI1$DefaultLevels)
INI1$Map
INI1$Map$port1
as.integer( unlist( strsplit(INI1$Map$port1, ,) ) )
= = = = =
Sample output:
INI1 - Parse.INI(sample.ini)
# Explore INI contents
summary(INI1)
Length Class Mode
SystemSetup 1 -none- list
Files 8 -none- list
DefaultLevels 4 -none- list
OdorNames 2 -none- list
Map 3 -none- list
INI1$SystemSetup$OlfactometerCode
[1] 3
INI1$DefaultLevels
$FC00
[1] 50
$FC01
[1] 100
$FC02
[1] 50
$FC10
[1] 50
unlist(INI1$DefaultLevels)
FC00 FC01 FC02 FC10
50 100 50 50
INI1$Map
$port0
[1] 0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0
$port1
[1] 0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0
$port2
[1] 0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0
INI1$Map$port1
[1] 0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0
as.integer( unlist( strsplit(INI1$Map$port1, ,) ) )
[1] 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
= = = = =
Sample input file, sample.ini:
[SystemSetup]
OlfactometerCode=3
[Files]
prelog0=Part0.txt
date0=2:06:27.461 PM 6/9/2007
note0=group1-1
name0=group1
prelog1=Part1.txt
date1=2:09:16.809 PM 6/9/2007
note1=group1-1
name1=group1-1
[DefaultLevels]
FC00=50
FC01=100
FC02=50
FC10=50
[OdorNames]
port0=None
port1=None
[Map]
port0=0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0
port1=0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0
port2=0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0
= = = = =
Thanks again, Gabor!
efg
Earl F. Glynn
Scientific Programmer
Stowers Institute for Medical Research
__
R-help@stat.math.ethz.ch mailing list
https://stat.ethz.ch/mailman/listinfo/r-help
PLEASE do read the posting guide http://www.R-project.org/posting-guide.html
and provide commented, minimal, self-contained, reproducible code.
[R] Read Windows-like .INI files into R data structure?
I need to process some datasets where the configuration information was stored in .INI-like files, i.e., text files with sections like this: [Section1] var1=value1 var2=value2 [Section2] A=value3 B=value4 ... From Google and other searches I haven't found any package, or function within a package, that reads .INI files into an R list, or other data structure. Any suggestions, or do I need to write my own? efg Earl F. Glynn Stowers Institute for Medical Research __ R-help@stat.math.ethz.ch mailing list https://stat.ethz.ch/mailman/listinfo/r-help PLEASE do read the posting guide http://www.R-project.org/posting-guide.html and provide commented, minimal, self-contained, reproducible code.
[R] Can strptime handle milliseconds or AM/PM?
I'm trying to proess date/time fields from files that were given to me to analyze. Any clues what I'm doing wrong with strptime? This seems to fail the same way under Linux or Windows. For ?strptime would it make sense to explain %OS3 somewhere besides the Examples? # Why does %OS3 work here? format(Sys.time(), %H:%M:%S) [1] 16:45:19 format(Sys.time(), %H:%M:%OS3) [1] 16:45:19.477 # Why doesn't %OS3 work here? EventLog.Start - 17:49:33.779 strptime(EventLog.Start, %H:%M:%S) [1] 2007-06-12 17:49:33 strptime(EventLog.Start, %H:%M:%OS3) [1] NA # This works OK without milliseconds or AM/PM x - c(5:49:33 6/9/2007, 5:49:36 6/9/2007, 5:49:37 6/9/2007) strptime(x, %I:%M:%S) # unclear why this inserts today's date? [1] 2007-06-12 05:49:33 2007-06-12 05:49:36 2007-06-12 05:49:37 strptime(x, %I:%M:%S %m/%d/%Y) [1] 2007-06-09 05:49:33 2007-06-09 05:49:36 2007-06-09 05:49:37 # How to handle milliseconds and AM/PM? Why doesn't this work? y - c(5:49:33.795 PM 6/9/2007, 5:49:36.184 PM 6/9/2007, 5:49:37.808 PM 6/9/2007) strptime(y, %I:%M:%S) # works except for milliseconds but wrong date [1] 2007-06-12 05:49:33 2007-06-12 05:49:36 2007-06-12 05:49:37 strptime(y, %I:%M:%OS3) # doesn't work [1] NA NA NA strptime(y, %I:%M:%S %p %m/%d/%Y) # AM/PM doesn't work [1] NA NA NA strptime(y, %I:%M:%S %p %m/%d/%Y) # AM/PM with dates doesn't work [1] NA NA NA strptime(5:49:33 PM 6/9/2007, %I:%M:%S %p) # doesn't get date right [1] 2007-06-12 17:49:33 ### Windows ### Sys.getlocale(category = LC_TIME) [1] English_United States.1252 R.version _ platform i386-pc-mingw32 arch i386 os mingw32 system i386, mingw32 status major 2 minor 5.0 year 2007 month 04 day23 svn rev41293 language R version.string R version 2.5.0 (2007-04-23) ### Linux ### Sys.getlocale(category = LC_TIME) [1] C R.version _ platform x86_64-unknown-linux-gnu arch x86_64 os linux-gnu system x86_64, linux-gnu status major 2 minor 4.1 year 2006 month 12 day18 svn rev40228 language R version.string R version 2.4.1 (2006-12-18) efg Earl F. Glynn Stowers Institute for Medical Research __ R-help@stat.math.ethz.ch mailing list https://stat.ethz.ch/mailman/listinfo/r-help PLEASE do read the posting guide http://www.R-project.org/posting-guide.html and provide commented, minimal, self-contained, reproducible code.
Re: [R] Venn diagram
I'm not sure where you're getting the venn package. I don't find venn in either of these places: - http://cran.r-project.org/src/contrib/PACKAGES.html - http://www.bioconductor.org/packages/release/Software.html In case this helps, here are some notes about creating Venn Diagrams using the limma package: http://research.stowers-institute.org/efg/R/Math/VennDiagram.htm efg Stowers Institute for Medical Research Nina Hubner [EMAIL PROTECTED] wrote in message news:[EMAIL PROTECTED] Hello, I am a total beginner with R and found a package venn to create a venn diagram. The problem is, I cannot create the vectors required for the diagram. The manual say: R venn(accession, libname, main = All samples) where accession was a vector containing the codes identifying the RNA sequences, and libname was a vector containing the codes identifying the tissue sample (library). The structure of my data is as follows: R structure(list(cyto = c(A, B, C, D), nuc = c(A, B, E, ), chrom = c(B, F, , )),.Names = c(cyto, Nuc, chrom)) accession should be A, B, and libname schould be cyto, nuc and chrom as I understand it... Could you help me? Sorry, that might be a very simple question, but I am a total beginner as said before! The question has already been asked, but unfortunately there was no answer... Thank you a lot, Nina Hubner __ R-help@stat.math.ethz.ch mailing list https://stat.ethz.ch/mailman/listinfo/r-help PLEASE do read the posting guide http://www.R-project.org/posting-guide.html and provide commented, minimal, self-contained, reproducible code. __ R-help@stat.math.ethz.ch mailing list https://stat.ethz.ch/mailman/listinfo/r-help PLEASE do read the posting guide http://www.R-project.org/posting-guide.html and provide commented, minimal, self-contained, reproducible code.
Re: [R] Selecting complementary colours
John Fox [EMAIL PROTECTED] wrote in message news:[EMAIL PROTECTED] The object is to get contrasting colours, so that when one is plotted over the other, the two will be readily distinguishable. A simple approach to contrast is to compute a mean intensity by taking the mean of the three RGB components (should be 0..255) and then going with either black or white -- whichever one is farthest away. Look at the Color Chart with contrasting numbers http://research.stowers-institute.org/efg/R/Color/Chart/index.htm or http://research.stowers-institute.org/efg/R/Color/Chart/ColorChart.pdf efg Earl F. Glynn Stowers Institute for Medical Research __ R-help@stat.math.ethz.ch mailing list https://stat.ethz.ch/mailman/listinfo/r-help PLEASE do read the posting guide http://www.R-project.org/posting-guide.html and provide commented, minimal, self-contained, reproducible code.
[R] Need 64-bit integers on 32-bit platform
I'm using the latest R on Windows XP: R.version _ platform i386-pc-mingw32 arch i386 os mingw32 system i386, mingw32 status major 2 minor 5.0 year 2007 month 04 day23 svn rev41293 language R version.string R version 2.5.0 (2007-04-23) I understand this: .Machine$integer.max [1] 2147483647 .Machine$sizeof.longlong [1] 8 So how can I get a longlong (i.e., 64-bit = 8-byte integers) in my environment? Where is there no storage.mode of longlong or int64? I'm reading electrophysiology data with a time stamp that's in a 64-bit integer (it's a microsecond clock count) but I'm getting negative values returned in R: # Why no warning if this call doesn't return an 8-byte integer? TimeStamp - readBin(connection, integer(), size=8, 1) [1] -311761023 [1] -311756172 I can get the hex values of these numbers like this: TimeStamp - readBin(connection, raw(), 8) [1] 81 e7 6a ed 01 00 00 00 [1] 74 fa 6a ed 01 00 00 00 I can see what these number should be by converting to decimal in Excel: =HEX2DEC(01ed6ae781) 8278173569 =HEX2DEC(01ed6afa74) 8278178420 How can I get these 8-byte integers in R so I don't have to use this ugly kludge? # KLUDGE TimeStamp - readBin(connection, integer(), size=4, 2) TimeStamp [1] -311761023 1 # Convert integers to doubles since a double has larger range for integers than 32-bit integers: storage.mode(TimeStamp) - double # This seems to work, but is too ugly: TimeStamp[2]*2^32 + (2^32 + TimeStamp[1]) [1] 8278173569 Can anyone suggest a better way? Thanks for any suggestions. efg Earl F. Glynn Stowers Institute for Medical Research __ R-help@stat.math.ethz.ch mailing list https://stat.ethz.ch/mailman/listinfo/r-help PLEASE do read the posting guide http://www.R-project.org/posting-guide.html and provide commented, minimal, self-contained, reproducible code.
Re: [R] Polar graph of time and tide
Alan E. Davis [EMAIL PROTECTED] wrote in message news:[EMAIL PROTECTED] I have been trying to visualize times of lowest tides, month by month. I have tide predictions with times either in unix time or a text format, and heights in feet or meters. I had been able to derive the clock times of each prediction. I would now like to graph this data with points showing heights as r and times as theta, from to 2355. There is a seasonal component: I am interested in displaying times of lowest tides in particular. Does this get you started? library(plotrix) theta - seq(0, 23.5, by=0.5) r - runif(length(theta), 5, 10) clock24.plot(r, theta, main=Polar Plot) or clock24.plot(r, theta, main=Polar Plot, rp.type=p) efg Stowers Institute for Medical Research __ R-help@stat.math.ethz.ch mailing list https://stat.ethz.ch/mailman/listinfo/r-help PLEASE do read the posting guide http://www.R-project.org/posting-guide.html and provide commented, minimal, self-contained, reproducible code.
Re: [R] R News, volume 7, issue 1 is now available
Torsten Hothorn [EMAIL PROTECTED] wrote in message news:[EMAIL PROTECTED] The October 2006 issue of R News is now available on CRAN under the Documentation/Newsletter link. Direct links are useful: R News http://cran.r-project.org/doc/Rnews/ April 2007 Issue: http://cran.r-project.org/doc/Rnews/Rnews_2007-1.pdf efg __ R-help@stat.math.ethz.ch mailing list https://stat.ethz.ch/mailman/listinfo/r-help PLEASE do read the posting guide http://www.R-project.org/posting-guide.html and provide commented, minimal, self-contained, reproducible code.
Re: [R] graphs superimposed on pictures?
This example isn't quite what you're asking for, but perhaps it's a starting point: http://addictedtor.free.fr/misc/gabor/ Earl F. Glynn Stowers Institute Robert Biddle [EMAIL PROTECTED] wrote in message news:[EMAIL PROTECTED] I am doing some work that involves plotting points of interest superimposed on photographs and maps. I can produce the plots fine in R, but so far I have had to do the superimposition externally, which makes it tedious to do exploratory work. I have looked to see if there is some capability to put a background picture on a plot window, but I have not found anything. Advice, anyone? __ R-help@stat.math.ethz.ch mailing list https://stat.ethz.ch/mailman/listinfo/r-help PLEASE do read the posting guide http://www.R-project.org/posting-guide.html and provide commented, minimal, self-contained, reproducible code.
Re: [R] Gaussian Adaptive Quadrature
Ravi Varadhan [EMAIL PROTECTED] wrote in message news:[EMAIL PROTECTED] The terminology Gaussian quadrature is not restricted to Gauss-Hermite quadrature (where exp(-x^2) is the weight function), but applies more broadly to Gauss-Legendre, Gauss-Laguerre, etc., where the abscissa are chosen from Legendre, Laguerre polynomials. Also, the functional form of the integrand and limits of integration vary a bit with the different Gaussian Quadrature methods. With Gaussian Quadrature the integral from a to b of f(x) dx is approximated as the sum of certain weights multiplied by the function evaluated at certain points related to the roots of the orthogonal polynomials. Gauss-Legendre is perhaps the most general, since it works well with most functions over a fixed, finite, interval, normally [-1,1]. The Legendre polynomials are orthogonal on the interval [-1,1] with respect to a weighting function w(x) = 1. A simple transformation allows the integration interval to be any finite interval, [a,b]. Gauss-Laguerre assumes a weighting function w(x) = exp(-x) in the integrand, and an interval of integration from 0 to infinity. Gauss-Hermite assumes a weighting function w(x) = exp(-x^2) in the integrand, and an interval of integration from -infinity to infinity. Applied Numerical Methods by Carnahan et al provides good details and examples (but in FORTRAN). One adaptive approach that can be used with Gaussian Quadrature is to use a different number of terms to evaluate the integral. To save computation time, you can use fewer terms. This file gives the weights needed for various N-point Gauss-Legendre quadrature approximation: http://www.math.ntnu.no/num/nnm/Program/Numlibc/gauss_co.c Some years ago on a project we found that 2-point Gaussian Quadrature gave us an answer that was good enough, and obviously was quite fast with so few function evaluations. For your problem you might try 2-point to 15-point quadrature to see if you get the desired accuracy. I've always used pre-computed polynomial roots and weights for the various N-point formulas. I'm not sure how gauss.quad in library(statmod) gets these values. It wasn't obvious to me from a quick look at the source code. Another adaptive Gaussian approach might break a single integral up into a number of other integrals. One could even use different N-point formulas over different intervals, using lower N for smoother areas, and larger N if a function wasn't so well-behaved. Some other good links: Gauss-Legendre Quadrature http://math.fullerton.edu/mathews/n2003/gaussianquad/GaussianQuadBib/Links/GaussianQuadBib_lnk_1.html http://mathworld.wolfram.com/Legendre-GaussQuadrature.html efg Earl F. Glynn Scientific Programmer Stowers Institute for Medical Research __ R-help@stat.math.ethz.ch mailing list https://stat.ethz.ch/mailman/listinfo/r-help PLEASE do read the posting guide http://www.R-project.org/posting-guide.html and provide commented, minimal, self-contained, reproducible code.
Re: [R] Deconvolution of a spectrum
Lukasz Komsta [EMAIL PROTECTED] wrote in message news:[EMAIL PROTECTED] I have a curve which is a mixture of Gaussian curves (for example UV emission or absorption spectrum). Do you have any suggestions how to implement searching for optimal set of Gaussian peaks to fit the curve? I know that it is very complex problem, but maybe it is a possibility to do it? First supposement is to use a nls() with very large functions, and compare AIC value, but it is very difficult to suggest any starting points for algotirithm. Perhaps these notes will be helpful if you don't have too much noise in your data: http://research.stowers-institute.org/efg/R/Statistics/MixturesOfDistributions/index.htm efg Earl F. Glynn Stowers Institute for Medical Research __ R-help@stat.math.ethz.ch mailing list https://stat.ethz.ch/mailman/listinfo/r-help PLEASE do read the posting guide http://www.R-project.org/posting-guide.html and provide commented, minimal, self-contained, reproducible code.
Re: [R] ordered matrix question
Juan Pablo Fededa [EMAIL PROTECTED] wrote in message news:[EMAIL PROTECTED] Hi all, Is there an easy way to generate an object wich will be the same matrix, but ordered by de cfp value? Does this help? RawData - BlockXYcfpyfpID + 0524244213.417957.184821091 + 055627065.3839049.5683726612 + 052831640.7894745.5737321753 + 0642432135.8173412.401344274 + 071643034.3591353.9449230775 + 0894362109.631583.1971603166 + 095813063.984523.3964520047 + 05069283.5139319.1054968568 + 047646491.6749199.1780894149 + 036442644.139322.06833436410 d - read.table(textConnection(RawData), header=TRUE) d.ordered - data.matrix( d[order(d$cfp),] ) d.ordered Block X Y cfp yfp ID 5 0 716 430 34.35914 3.944923 5 3 0 528 316 40.78947 5.573732 3 10 0 364 426 44.13932 2.068334 10 7 0 958 130 63.98452 3.396452 7 2 0 556 270 65.38390 9.568373 2 8 0 506 92 83.51393 9.105497 8 9 0 476 464 91.67492 9.178089 9 6 0 894 362 109.63158 3.197160 6 4 0 642 432 135.81734 12.401344 4 1 0 524 244 213.41795 7.184821 1 efg Earl F. Glynn Stowers Institute for Medical Research __ R-help@stat.math.ethz.ch mailing list https://stat.ethz.ch/mailman/listinfo/r-help PLEASE do read the posting guide http://www.R-project.org/posting-guide.html and provide commented, minimal, self-contained, reproducible code.
Re: [R] mixture of 2 normals - starting values
If you don't have too much noise, the peaks in the derivative curves can be used: See: http://research.stowers-institute.org/efg/R/Statistics/MixturesOfDistributions/index.htm efg Earl F. Glynn Scientific Programmer Stowers Institute for Medical Research [EMAIL PROTECTED] wrote in message news:[EMAIL PROTECTED] Hi, I have a problem of estimating a mixture of two normal distributions. I need to find the starting points automatically, since this is a part of a larger piece of image processing code. __ R-help@stat.math.ethz.ch mailing list https://stat.ethz.ch/mailman/listinfo/r-help PLEASE do read the posting guide http://www.R-project.org/posting-guide.html and provide commented, minimal, self-contained, reproducible code.
[R] Suggestion about R equivalent of Splus peaks() function
In 2004 there was this R-Help posting from Jan 2004:
http://finzi.psych.upenn.edu/R/Rhelp02a/archive/33097.html
R equivalent of Splus peaks() function?
The peaks function there has worked well for me on a couple of projects, but
some code using peaks failed today, which had worked fine in the past.
I was looking for a peak in a test case that was a sine curve over one
cycle, so there should have been only one peak. My unexpected surprise was
to sometimes get one peak, or two adjoining peaks (a tie), but the no peaks
case cause subsequent code to fail. I wanted to eliminate this no peak
case when there was an obvious peak.
I thought it was odd that the peak failure could be controlled by the random
number seed.
# R equivalent of Splus peaks() function
# http://finzi.psych.upenn.edu/R/Rhelp02a/archive/33097.html
peaks - function(series,span=3)
{
z - embed(series, span)
s - span%/%2
v - max.col(z) == 1 + s
result - c(rep(FALSE,s),v)
result - result[1:(length(result)-s)]
result
}
set.seed(19)
peaks(c(1,4,4,1,6,1,5,1,1),3)
[1] FALSE TRUE FALSE FALSE TRUE FALSE TRUE
peaks(c(1,4,4,1,6,1,5,1,1),3)
[1] FALSE TRUE FALSE FALSE TRUE FALSE TRUE
peaks(c(1,4,4,1,6,1,5,1,1),3)
[1] FALSE TRUE TRUE FALSE TRUE FALSE TRUE
peaks(c(1,4,4,1,6,1,5,1,1),3)
[1] FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE TRUE FALSE TRUE
peaks(c(1,4,4,1,6,1,5,1,1),3)
[1] FALSE FALSE TRUE FALSE TRUE FALSE TRUE
Above, the 4 peak at positions 2 and 3 is shown by the TRUE and FALSE in
positions 2 and 3 above. Case 4 of FALSE, FALSE was most unexpected -- no
peak.
I studied the peaks code and found the problem seems to be in max.col:
z
[,1] [,2] [,3]
[1,]441
[2,]144
[3,]614
[4,]161
[5,]516
[6,]151
[7,]115
max.col(z)
[1] 2 3 1 2 3 2 3
max.col(z)
[1] 2 2 1 2 3 2 3
max.col(z)
[1] 1 2 1 2 3 2 3
max.col(z)
[1] 2 2 1 2 3 2 3
max.col(z)
[1] 1 3 1 2 3 2 3
max.col(z)
[1] 2 2 1 2 3 2 3
The ?max.col help shows that it has a ties.method that defaults to random.
I want a peak, any peak if there is a tie, but I don't want the case that a
tie is treated as no peak. For now, I added a first parameter to
max.col in peaks:
# Break ties by using first
peaks - function(series,span=3)
{
z - embed(series, span)
s - span%/%2
v - max.col(z, first) == 1 + s
result - c(rep(FALSE,s),v)
result - result[1:(length(result)-s)]
result
}
A better solution might be a ties.method parameter to peaks, which can be
passed to max.col.
I did all of this in R 2.4.1, but the problem seems to be in earlier
versions too.
Just in case anyone else is using this peaks function.
efg
Earl F. Glynn
Stowers Institute for Medical Research
__
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and provide commented, minimal, self-contained, reproducible code.
Re: [R] Simple spectral analysis
Georg Hoermann [EMAIL PROTECTED] wrote in message news:[EMAIL PROTECTED] Peter Dalgaard wrote: Earl F. Glynn wrote: Thanks a lot for the help. I will post the script when its ready (an introduction for our biology students to time series, just 8 hours) I've been working with one of our labs here to find cyclic genes from microarray data. The supplement for the paper we published is here (I haven't bothered making the code general enough for a package yet): http://research.stowers-institute.org/efg/2005/LombScargle/index.htm Normally we only have about 20 to 50 points in our time series for each gene. With missing data a problem, I used a Lomb-Scargle approach to find the periodicity. With Fourier analysis, one must impute any missing data points, but with Lomb-Scargle you just process the data you have without any imputation. Perhaps you or your students would be interested in the Numerical Experiments on this page http://research.stowers-institute.org/efg/2005/LombScargle/supplement/NumericalExperiments/index.htm I was curious how well the Lomb-Scargle technique would work with your data -- see the R code below. Normally the Lomb-Scargle periodogram shows a single peak when there is a single dominant frequency. The Peak Significance curve for all your data is a difficult to interpret, and I'm not sure the statistical tests are valid (without some tweaks) for your size dataset. I took a random sample of 50 of your ~3000 data points and analyzed those -- see the second code block below. [For 50 data points I know all the assumptions are good enough for the statistics being computed.] The periodogram here shows a single peak for period 365.6 days, which has good statistical significance. Other subset samples can show harmonic frequencies, sometimes. # efg, 9 Jan 2007 air = read.csv(http://www.hydrology.uni-kiel.de/~schorsch/air_temp.csv;) #air - read.csv(air_temp.csv) TempAirC - air$T_air Time - as.Date(air$Date, %d.%m.%Y) N - length(Time) # Lomb-Scargle code source(http://research.stowers-institute.org/efg/2005/LombScargle/R/LombScargle.R;) MAXSPD - 1500 unit - day M - N# Usually use factor of 2 or 4, but with large N use 1 instead # Look at test frequencies corresponding to periods of 200 days to 500 days: f = 1/T TestFrequencies - (1/500) + (1/200 - 1/500) * (1:M / M) # Use Horne Baliunas' estimate of independent frequencies Nindependent - NHorneBaliunas(length(Time)) # valid for this size? # Fairly slow with this large dataset ComputeAndPlotLombScargle(as.numeric(Time), TempAirC, TestFrequencies, Nindependent, Air Temperature [C]) # Could get good results with fewer points too, say 50 chosen at random MAXSPD - 25 TempAirC - air$T_air Time - as.Date(air$Date, %d.%m.%Y) set.seed(19) # For reproducible results RandomSet - sample(1:length(Time), 50) TempAirC - TempAirC[RandomSet] Time -Time[RandomSet] N - length(Time) M - 4 * N# Usually use factor of 2 or 4 # Look at test frequencies corresponding to periods of 200 days to 500 days: f = 1/T TestFrequencies - (1/500) + (1/200 - 1/500) * (1:M / M) # Use Horne Baliunas' estimate of independent frequencies Nindependent - NHorneBaliunas(length(Time)) # Very fast to compute for only 50 points ComputeAndPlotLombScargle(as.numeric(Time), TempAirC, TestFrequencies, Nindependent, Air Temperature [C]) efg Earl F. Glynn Scientific Programmer Stowers Institute __ R-help@stat.math.ethz.ch mailing list https://stat.ethz.ch/mailman/listinfo/r-help PLEASE do read the posting guide http://www.R-project.org/posting-guide.html and provide commented, minimal, self-contained, reproducible code.
Re: [R] listing all functions in R
Seth Falcon [EMAIL PROTECTED] wrote in message
news:[EMAIL PROTECTED]
Are you sure you need to? I just tried your code above with:
pkgs - c(Biobase, GOstats, flrblr, bazbaz)
And while I see warning messages about the flrblr and bazbaz packages,
the function completed and I get the expected results in z.
Oh, perhaps you have some broken installs? Broken in the sense that
you have a package installed but not its dependencies?
I installed all known CRAN packages after installing R 2.4.1 last week on a
PC. Perhaps some new consistency checks checks could be be made to catch
such dependency problems?
How about this:
safeRequire - function(x) {
tryCatch(require(x, character.only=TRUE),
error=function(e) FALSE)
}
Thanks. That's a much better function.
But if your process a lot of packages, even with just safeRequire (or
findfuns), the search() path grows quite long, and things break, so it's not
really possible to get a list of all functions in R if you have all packages
installed.
Consider:
pkgs - dir(.Library)
length(pkgs)#957
length( search() ) # 9
# First 100 Packages
set1 - lapply(pkgs[1:100], safeRequire)
pkgs[which(!unlist(set1))]
#[1] bcp cairoDevice caMassClass
length( search() ) # 135
safeRequire(bcp)
Loading required package: bcp
Loading required package: DNAcopy
Warning in library(pkg, character.only = TRUE, logical = TRUE, lib.loc =
lib.loc) :
there is no package called 'DNAcopy'
[1] FALSE
In the 2nd 100 many packages seem to be affected by the Maximal number of
DLLs reached...
I didn't bother trying to process packages 201 through 957.
efg
Earl F. Glynn
Scientific Programmer
Bioinformatics
Stowers Institute for Medical Research
__
R-help@stat.math.ethz.ch mailing list
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PLEASE do read the posting guide http://www.R-project.org/posting-guide.html
and provide commented, minimal, self-contained, reproducible code.
Re: [R] listing all functions in R
Prof Brian Ripley [EMAIL PROTECTED] wrote in message
news:[EMAIL PROTECTED]
Here is a reasonable shot:
findfuns - function(x) {
if(require(x, character.only=TRUE)) {
env - paste(package, x, sep=:)
nm - ls(env, all=TRUE)
nm[unlist(lapply(nm, function(n) exists(n, where=env,
mode=function,
inherits=FALSE)))]
} else character(0)
}
pkgs - dir(.Library)
z - lapply(pkgs, findfuns)
names(z) - pkgs
Any recommendations on how to trap problems with require when using
findfuns? One bad package and the lapply above doesn't return anything.
For example:
findfuns(bcp)
Loading required package: bcp
Loading required package: DNAcopy
Error: package 'DNAcopy' could not be loaded
In addition: Warning message:
there is no package called 'DNAcopy' in: library(pkg, character.only = TRUE,
logical = TRUE, lib.loc = lib.loc)
require(bcp, character.only=TRUE)
Loading required package: bcp
Loading required package: DNAcopy
Error: package 'DNAcopy' could not be loaded
In addition: Warning message:
there is no package called 'DNAcopy' in: library(pkg, character.only = TRUE,
logical = TRUE, lib.loc = lib.loc)
I used try around the require call with options(error=recover) with
recover defined to be a do nothing function to avoid the stop, but then
there were other problems (e.g., unable to load shared library ...
LoadLibrary Failure: The specified module could not be found and Maximal
number of DLLs reached)
Besides bcp I saw problems with other packages, e.g., cairoDevice,
caMassClass, ... several others.
I'm using R 2.4.1with all CRAN packages installed that existed last week and
at least several Bioconductor packages installed by the biocLite procedure.
FWIW:
length(pkgs)
[1] 957
Thanks for any suggestions.
efg
Earl F. Glynn
Scientific Programmer
Stower Institute
__
R-help@stat.math.ethz.ch mailing list
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PLEASE do read the posting guide http://www.R-project.org/posting-guide.html
and provide commented, minimal, self-contained, reproducible code.
Re: [R] Simple spectral analysis
Georg Hoermann [EMAIL PROTECTED] wrote in message news:[EMAIL PROTECTED] The data set: air = read.csv(http://www.hydrology.uni-kiel.de/~schorsch/air_temp.csv;) airtemp = ts(T_air, start=c(1989,1), freq = 365) plot(airtemp) Maybe this will get you started using fft or spectrum -- I'm not sure why the spectrum answer is only close: air = read.csv(http://www.hydrology.uni-kiel.de/~schorsch/air_temp.csv;) TempAirC - air$T_air Time - as.Date(air$Date, %d.%m.%Y) N - length(Time) oldpar - par(mfrow=c(4,1)) plot(TempAirC ~ Time) # Using fft transform - fft(TempAirC) # Extract DC component from transform dc - Mod(transform[1])/N periodogram - round( Mod(transform)^2/N, 3) # Drop first element, which is the mean periodogram - periodogram[-1] # keep first half up to Nyquist limit periodogram - periodogram[1:(N/2)] # Approximate number of data points in single cycle: print( N / which(max(periodogram) == periodogram) ) # plot spectrum against Fourier Frequency index plot(periodogram, col=red, type=o, xlab=Fourier Frequency Index, xlim=c(0,25), ylab=Periodogram, main=Periodogram derived from 'fft') # Using spectrum s - spectrum(TempAirC, taper=0, detrend=FALSE, col=red, main=Spectral Density) plot(log(s$spec) ~ s$freq, col=red, type=o, xlab=Fourier Frequency, xlim=c(0.0, 0.005), ylab=Log(Periodogram), main=Periodogram from 'spectrum') cat(Max frequency\n) maxfreq - s$freq[ which(max(s$spec) == s$spec) ] # Period will be 1/frequency: cat(Corresponding period\n) print(1/maxfreq) par(oldpar) efg Earl F. Glynn Scientific Programmer Stowers Institute __ R-help@stat.math.ethz.ch mailing list https://stat.ethz.ch/mailman/listinfo/r-help PLEASE do read the posting guide http://www.R-project.org/posting-guide.html and provide commented, minimal, self-contained, reproducible code.
Re: [R] setting new working directories
Bill, I like to use Windows Explorer to find folders and then launch R with the selected folder as the working directory. I put some notes online about this: http://research.stowers-institute.org/efg/R/TechNote/WindowsExplorerWorkingDirectory/index.htm efg Bill Shipley [EMAIL PROTECTED] wrote in message news:[EMAIL PROTECTED] Hello, and Happy New Year. My default working directory is getting very cluttered. I know that I should be using a different working directory for each project (I work in Windows), but do not know how to go about creating different ones and moving back and forth between them. __ R-help@stat.math.ethz.ch mailing list https://stat.ethz.ch/mailman/listinfo/r-help PLEASE do read the posting guide http://www.R-project.org/posting-guide.html and provide commented, minimal, self-contained, reproducible code.
Re: [R] counties in different colours using map()
The following example shows how to get/display the county names:
library(maps)
# Get County Data
m - map('county', 'colorado', plot=FALSE)
names(m)
m$names # State,County names
# The names appear to be in alphabetical order by state, e.g.:
m$names[1:3]
[1] colorado,adamscolorado,alamosa colorado,arapahoe
# Show county names on map
map.text('county', 'colorado', proj='bonne', param=45)
# Show county indices on map
map.text('county', 'colorado', proj='bonne', param=45,
labels=paste(1:length(m$names)))
#or perhaps
map.text('county', 'colorado', proj='bonne', param=45,
labels=paste(1:length(m$names)), col=1:length(m$names))
You can use your own labels vector above to show county abbreviations
instead of full names, or other info, if desired.
Once you get the mapping of the counties, you can connect to other sources
of information.
efg
Tord Snäll [EMAIL PROTECTED] wrote in message
news:[EMAIL PROTECTED]
Hi,
I would like to plot a map of US counties using different colors. map()
seems to be the function to use, e.g.
library(maps); map('usa'); map('county', 'colorado', add=T,fill = T,
col=c(1:5))
plots Colorado counties using colours 1 to 5.
However, I want each color to represent a certain value - a value to be
picked from a data frame.
This code should show a correspoding map at the level of states:
state.names - system('tr [A-Z] [a-z]', state.name)
map.states - unix('sed s/:.*//', map(names=T,plot=F))
state.to.map - match(map.states, state.names)
color- votes.repub[state.to.map, votes.year = 1900] / 100
map('state', fill=T, col=color); map('state', add=T)
It is copied from page 6 in
Richard A. Becker, and Allan R. Wilks, Maps in S, ATT Bell
Laboratories Statistics Research Report [93.2], 1993.
http://public.research.att.com/areas/stat/doc/93.2.ps
I also wonder whether the county names are available in the database
used by map(), and, if yes, how to extract or utilize them.
Thanks!
Tord
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PLEASE do read the posting guide http://www.R-project.org/posting-guide.html
and provide commented, minimal, self-contained, reproducible code.
Re: [R] set up directory for R when I start R
Duncan Murdoch [EMAIL PROTECTED] wrote in message news:[EMAIL PROTECTED] On 12/11/2006 2:21 PM, Earl F. Glynn wrote: Dieter Menne [EMAIL PROTECTED] wrote in message news:[EMAIL PROTECTED] Aimin Yan aiminy at iastate.edu writes: I want to set default directory for R when I start R. How to do this? In Windows, I prefer the method described in http://tolstoy.newcastle.edu.au/R/help/00b/2454.html If R version-specific registry keys are used, one can even select from multiple versions of R by right clicking on a directory from Windows Explorer: To add key for R 2.4.0: R2.4.0.reg (delete the proxy part if not needed) - Windows Registry Editor Version 5.00 [HKEY_CLASSES_ROOT\Folder\shell\R 2.4.0] [HKEY_CLASSES_ROOT\Folder\shell\R 2.4.0\command] @=C:\\Program Files\\R\\R-2.4.0\\bin\\Rgui.exe http_proxy=http://proxy01:8080 http_proxy_user=ask - To delete this key: R2.4.0-Delete.reg - Windows Registry Editor Version 5.00 [-HKEY_CLASSES_ROOT\Folder\shell\R 2.4.0] - These files can be edited with Windows Notepad and modified for other versions. efg Earl F. Glynn Bioinformatics Stowers Institute for Medical Research __ R-help@stat.math.ethz.ch mailing list https://stat.ethz.ch/mailman/listinfo/r-help PLEASE do read the posting guide http://www.R-project.org/posting-guide.html and provide commented, minimal, self-contained, reproducible code.
Re: [R] set up directory for R when I start R
Dieter Menne [EMAIL PROTECTED] wrote in message news:[EMAIL PROTECTED] Aimin Yan aiminy at iastate.edu writes: I want to set default directory for R when I start R. How to do this? ?setwd In Windows, I prefer the method described in http://tolstoy.newcastle.edu.au/R/help/00b/2454.html I learned a similar trick by using Regedit to set the registry keys directly. (Years ago someone showed me this trick to start a DOS session). Apparently, either \Directory\shell or \Folder\shell do the same thing. Do you know if there is a difference? I checked and your suggestion can be modified to even specify a http_proxy, if needed: For example, this works for me under Windows XP, including the proxy server, from any directory chosen using Windows Explorer: Windows Registry Editor Version 5.00 [HKEY_CLASSES_ROOT\Folder\shell\R\command] @=C:\\Program Files\\R\\R-2.4.0\\bin\\Rgui.exe http_proxy=http://proxy01:8080 http_proxy_user=ask --- The above was the exported registry key from what I set manually using RegEdit. I used simply R instead of Run R, like you suggested. efg Earl F. Glynn Bioinformatics Stowers Institute for Medical Research __ R-help@stat.math.ethz.ch mailing list https://stat.ethz.ch/mailman/listinfo/r-help PLEASE do read the posting guide http://www.R-project.org/posting-guide.html and provide commented, minimal, self-contained, reproducible code.
Re: [R] Calling R functions in Delphi
Thanks for the great example, Tom.
Tom Backer Johnsen [EMAIL PROTECTED] wrote in message
news:[EMAIL PROTECTED]
Anna Belova wrote:
We would like to call quantile() function from the R-package STATS in a
Delphi program. If this is possible, could anyone provide us with an
example?
It is possible, and in principle simple. The essentials: (1) Write a
file containing the something like a script in R with whatever
commands. (2) Start a process involving the execution of R with a
command line containing two arguments, the name of the command file
and the file where you want the output (results) to be. (3) wait for
the process to stop. So, here is a function (returns true if
everyhing worked OK) that does that:
. . .
CreateOK := CreateProcess(Nil, PChar('R.exe ' + CommandLine), nil,
nil,False, CREATE_NEW_PROCESS_GROUP+NORMAL_PRIORITY_CLASS, nil,
nil, StartInfo, proc_info);
I had to give the full path to the R executable to get this to work:
CreateOK := CreateProcess(Nil, PChar('C:\Program
Files\R\R-2.4.0\bin\R.exe ' + CommandLine), nil,
nil,False, CREATE_NEW_PROCESS_GROUP+NORMAL_PRIORITY_CLASS, nil,
nil, StartInfo, proc_info);
I used Delphi 7 to test StartRAndWait with this button press event:
procedure TForm1.Button1Click(Sender: TObject);
VAR
Command: STRING;
begin
Screen.Cursor := crHourGlass;
TRY
Command := 'CMD BATCH Sample.R SampleOutput.txt';
StartRAndWait(Command);
FINALLY
Screen.Cursor := crDefault
END
end;
Sample.R file
=
sink('quantile.txt')
quantile(0:100)
sink()
=
I used sink in the R script to isolate the output of the R quantile command
to help any parsing of the output:
SampleOutput.txt
=
R version 2.4.0 (2006-10-03)
Copyright (C) 2006 The R Foundation for Statistical Computing
ISBN 3-900051-07-0
R is free software and comes with ABSOLUTELY NO WARRANTY.
You are welcome to redistribute it under certain conditions.
Type 'license()' or 'licence()' for distribution details.
Natural language support but running in an English locale
R is a collaborative project with many contributors.
Type 'contributors()' for more information and
'citation()' on how to cite R or R packages in publications.
Type 'demo()' for some demos, 'help()' for on-line help, or
'help.start()' for an HTML browser interface to help.
Type 'q()' to quit R.
sink('quantile.txt')
quantile(0:100)
sink()
=
quantile.txt
=
0% 25% 50% 75% 100%
0 25 50 75 100
=
Tinn-R is written in Delphi, so its source code should be a great example of
a Delphi/R interface. I've never studied the source code -- that's been on
my to do list for months --, but I'm guessing it uses RCOm, like
Hans-Peter suggested. Nevertheless, Tom's example above may also be quite
useful.
efg
Earl F. Glynn
Scientific Programmer
Stowers Institute for Medical Research
__
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PLEASE do read the posting guide http://www.R-project.org/posting-guide.html
and provide commented, minimal, self-contained, reproducible code.
Re: [R] There exist a FCS package on R-languaje?
I do not have R code for ConfoCor2 raw data, but I'm working on some R code to read ConfoCor3 raw data. That R example is not quite ready for public release. The ConfoCor3 raw data format, which is a binary file, is quite a bit simpler to process than ConfoCor2 raw data. IMHO, the ConfoCor2 data format is unnecessarily complex. With ConfoCor2 two bit streams are multiplexed into a single binary stream, and run-length compressed at the same time. I did write a Delphi ConfoCor 2 viewer (with source code), which I'm modifying to handle either ConfoCor 2 or 3 raw data if that is of any interest: http://research.stowers-institute.org/efg/ScientificSoftware/Utility/FCSViewer/index.htm (I hope to update this page in the next week or two with that new version). Diagrams on that page show how the ConfoCor2 file can be parsed. Bit manipulations in R would be a bit of a pain IMHO. Unfortunately, FCS is an overloaded acronym and some may be interested in Flow Cytometery Standard FCS data, which is a different kind of binary file for a very different subject area. There is a prada package for this other kind of FCS data. Find some additional notes about using R with this kind of FCS data here: http://research.stowers-institute.org/efg/ScientificSoftware/Utility/FCSExtract/index.htm efg Earl F. Glynn Scientific Programmer Stowers Institute for Medical Research Horacio Castellini [EMAIL PROTECTED] wrote in message news:[EMAIL PROTECTED] Hi all, excuse me by this elementary question. I wish to know if a package in language R exists to analyze FCS (Fluorescence Correlation Spectroscopy) datas. And, if it possible, in addition can read the archives in raw format generated by the ConfoCor2 program. __ R-help@stat.math.ethz.ch mailing list https://stat.ethz.ch/mailman/listinfo/r-help PLEASE do read the posting guide http://www.R-project.org/posting-guide.html and provide commented, minimal, self-contained, reproducible code.
Re: [R] Plotting Text on a graph
Dan Chan [EMAIL PROTECTED] wrote in message
news:[EMAIL PROTECTED]
I plotted 12 graphs on a page and output to a png file. I wanted to
have an overall title for all 12 graphs. What command can I use to do
this? Below is the code that plotted the 12 graphs in one page.
Define an outer margin area at the top and put your overall title there.
Find some illustrated examples of oma (outer margin area) and mar (margin
area) here with mfrow/mfcol:
http://research.stowers-institute.org/efg/R/Graphics/Basics/mar-oma/index.htm
Perhaps this will get you started:
# Outer margin area (South, West, North, East).
# Default is all 0s, so ask for North oma of 2.
# Trim some of the space form regular margins (mar) too.
par(mfrow=c(3,4), mar=c(4,4.5,1,1), oma=c(0,0,2,0))
for (i in 1:12)
{
plot(0)
}
mtext(Overall Title, NORTH-3, line=0.5, adj=0.5,
col=red, outer=TRUE, cex=1.2)
efg
Earl F. Glynn
Scientific Programmer
Stowers Institute for Medical Research
__
R-help@stat.math.ethz.ch mailing list
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PLEASE do read the posting guide http://www.R-project.org/posting-guide.html
and provide commented, minimal, self-contained, reproducible code.
Re: [R] plot correlation matrix
Vladimir Eremeev [EMAIL PROTECTED] wrote in message news:[EMAIL PROTECTED] Dear useRs, While exploring new R packages, I have found the Rattle. This screenshot http://rattle.togaware.com/rattle-correlation.png is very interesting Which function was used to produce this plot? library(ellipse) ?plotcorr Look at the third example for the color plot. Earl F. Glynn Bioinformatics Stowers Institute for Medical Research __ R-help@stat.math.ethz.ch mailing list https://stat.ethz.ch/mailman/listinfo/r-help PLEASE do read the posting guide http://www.R-project.org/posting-guide.html and provide commented, minimal, self-contained, reproducible code.
Re: [R] converting decimal - hexadecimal
Romain Lorrilliere [EMAIL PROTECTED] wrote in message news:[EMAIL PROTECTED] Hi, do you know, a method to convert an decimal value (integer) to the corresponding hexadecimal value ? Starting in R 2.1.0, sprintf can be used: x - c(0, 65535, 65536, 305419896, 2^31-1) y - sprintf(0x%X, x) y [1] 0x00x 0x10x12345678 0x7FFF as.numeric(y) [1] 0 65535 65536 305419896 2147483647 efg Earl F. Glynn Scientific Programmer Stowers Institute for Medical Research __ R-help@stat.math.ethz.ch mailing list https://stat.ethz.ch/mailman/listinfo/r-help PLEASE do read the posting guide http://www.R-project.org/posting-guide.html and provide commented, minimal, self-contained, reproducible code.
[R] nls convergence problem
I'm having problems getting nls to agree that convergence has occurred in a toy problem. nls.out never gets defined when there is an error in nls. Reaching the maximum number of iterations is alway an error, so nls.out never gets defined when the maximum number of iterations is reched. From ?nls.control: tol: A positive numeric value specifying the tolerance level for the relative offset convergence criterion. From some S-Plus documentation I found online via Google: http://www.uni-muenster.de/ZIV/Mitarbeiter/BennoSueselbeck/s-html/helpfiles/nls.control.html tolerance: tolerance for the relative offset convergence criterion in the algorithm. Default 0.001. Note that the convergence test used in nls() is strictly relative. Therefore if the solution to a problem turned out to be a perfect fit (unlikely except in artificial examples), convergence is not guaranteed to be recognized by the algorithm. Here's my toy problem: ?nls.control ?nls # Method 2 X - 0:15 Y - 9.452 * exp(-0.109*X) + 5.111 # Toy problem nls.out - nls(Y ~ a*exp(b*X)+c, +start=list(a=6,b=-0.5,c=1), +control=nls.control(maxiter=15, tol=0.01), # nothing makes sense here +trace=TRUE) 1016.507 : 6.0 -0.5 1.0 143.5807 : 6.1680290 -0.1506021 4.4013020 7.306365 : 9.10093164 -0.09114858 5.44620298 0.0342703 : 9.2801070 -0.1109063 5.2795803 3.001985e-05 : 9.4506654 -0.1089749 5.1122982 1.918531e-14 : 9.452 -0.109 5.111 6.894644e-28 : 9.452 -0.109 5.111 2.208811e-29 : 9.452 -0.109 5.111 7.888609e-30 : 9.452 -0.109 5.111 7.888609e-30 : 9.452 -0.109 5.111 7.099748e-30 : 9.452 -0.109 5.111 3.155444e-30 : 9.452 -0.109 5.111 3.155444e-30 : 9.452 -0.109 5.111 3.155444e-30 : 9.452 -0.109 5.111 3.155444e-30 : 9.452 -0.109 5.111 3.155444e-30 : 9.452 -0.109 5.111 Error in nls(Y ~ a * exp(b * X) + c, start = list(a = 6, b = -0.5, c = 1), : number of iterations exceeded maximum of 15 There is near-perfect convergence after 12 iterations, but I cannot figure out a way for R to recognize it. What does relative offset convergence criterion mean? How can nls.control be used to say this problem has converged, and have nls exit without an error? Should the R documentation be modified to explain what relative offset convergence criterion means? Should the R documentation be expanded to include the comment from the S-Plus: Therefore if the solution to a problem turned out to be a perfect fit (unlikely except in artificial examples), convergence is not guaranteed to be recognized by the algorithm. If this is true, this seems like a suboptimal design. Thanks for any insight about this. efg Earl F. Glynn Scientific Programmer Stowers Institute for Medical Research __ R-help@stat.math.ethz.ch mailing list https://stat.ethz.ch/mailman/listinfo/r-help PLEASE do read the posting guide http://www.R-project.org/posting-guide.html and provide commented, minimal, self-contained, reproducible code.
Re: [R] nls convergence problem
Dieter Menne [EMAIL PROTECTED] wrote in message news:[EMAIL PROTECTED] Earl F. Glynn efg at stowers-institute.org writes: This toy problem is exactly what the warning is for: Warning Do not use nls on artificial zero-residual data. Add some noise and try again. Thank you! I had adapted some code and must confess I had read ?nls.control thoroughly, but not ?nls. I had even used debug on nls, traced it through line by line to the .Call statement, trying to figure out why nls.out never got defined. The source code has no comments at all. IMHO, the warning should be in the Description at the top of the ?nls page, not at the bottom of the page. The warning should also appear on the ?nls.control page. But, a better way would be to have a software design that eliminated the warning. It's not clear to me why this problem cannot be fixed somehow. You shouldn't need to add noise to a problem to solve it. (It's a bit like saying addition works, but not for integers without adding some noise.) If there can be arbitrary defaults of maxiter=50, and (relative) tol=1e-5 in nls.control, there could be another arbitrary (absolute) convergence criterion. Or, maybe there's something I don't understand about the algorithm being used. Just my $0.02 and minority opinion, efg __ R-help@stat.math.ethz.ch mailing list https://stat.ethz.ch/mailman/listinfo/r-help PLEASE do read the posting guide http://www.R-project.org/posting-guide.html and provide commented, minimal, self-contained, reproducible code.
Re: [R] nls convergence problem
Berton Gunter [EMAIL PROTECTED] wrote in message news:[EMAIL PROTECTED] Or, maybe there's something I don't understand about the algorithm being used. Indeed! So before making such comments, why don't you try to learn about it? Doug Bates is a pretty smart guy, and I think you do him a disservice when you assume that he somehow overlooked something that he explicitly warned you about. I am fairly confident that if he could have made the problem go away, he would have. So I think your vent was a bit inconsiderate and perhaps even intemperate. The R Core folks have produced a minor miracle IMO, and we should all be careful before assuming that they have overlooked easily fixable problems. They're certainly not infallible -- but they're a lot less fallible than most of the rest of us when it comes to R. I meant no disrespect to Doug Bates or any of the R Core folks. I thought what I wrote had a neutral tone and was respectful. I am sorry if anyone was offended by my comments and suggestions. I am certainly thankful for all the hard work that has gone into developing R. efg __ R-help@stat.math.ethz.ch mailing list https://stat.ethz.ch/mailman/listinfo/r-help PLEASE do read the posting guide http://www.R-project.org/posting-guide.html and provide commented, minimal, self-contained, reproducible code.
[R] Help with workaround for: Function '`[`' is not in the derivatives table
# This works fine: a - 1 b - 2 c - 3 E - expression(a * exp(b*X) + c) X - c(0.5, 1.0, 2.0) eval(E) [1] 5.718282 10.389056 57.598150 D(E, b) a * (exp(b * X) * X) eval(D(E, b)) [1] 1.359141 7.389056 109.196300 # But if (a,b,c) are replaced with (A[1], A[2], A[3]), how can I get a derivative using D? A - c(1, 2, 3) E - expression(A[1] * exp(A[2]*X) + A[3]) X - c(0.5, 1.0, 2.0) eval(E) [1] 5.718282 10.389056 57.598150 # Why doesn't this work? Any workarounds? D(E, A[2]) Error in D(E, A[2]) : Function '`[`' is not in the derivatives table If I want to have a long vector of coefficients, A, (perhaps dozens) how can I use D to compute partial derivatives? Thanks for any help with this. efg Earl F. Glynn Scientific Programmer Stowers Institute for Medical Research __ R-help@stat.math.ethz.ch mailing list https://stat.ethz.ch/mailman/listinfo/r-help PLEASE do read the posting guide http://www.R-project.org/posting-guide.html and provide commented, minimal, self-contained, reproducible code.
Re: [R] rgb and col2rgb color conversion/modification/shading
[EMAIL PROTECTED] wrote in message
news:[EMAIL PROTECTED]
I want to get a lighter shade of a color...I have a lot of colored objects
and
want each one printed as a foreground against a slightly lighter
background.
I thought I could try something like changing the alpha channel by first
converting it to rgb.
I'm not sure what you want to do with the alpha channel - it's sometimes
used for transparency, especially on Macs, but is not used much on PCs
(AFAIK).
Let's say you want different shades of gold:
colors()[142]
[1] gold
Instead of RGB color space perhaps you should consider HSV
(Hue-Saturation-Value) color space.
Let's convert gold to rgb to hsv:
col2rgb( colors()[142] )
[,1]
red255
green 215
blue 0
rgb2hsv( col2rgb( colors()[142] ) )
[,1]
h 0.1405229
s 1.000
v 1.000
The hue (h) is the color ranging from 0 to 1 around a color circle (with
red= 0 or 1). Find h = 0.140 (gold) in this color circle:
hue - seq(0.0, 1.0, by=1/40)
pie(rep(1,40),
labels=formatC(hue, digits=3, format=f), cex=0.75,
col=hsv(hue, 1.0, 1.0),
radius=1.0,
main=HSV (S=1, V=1) )
Hues range from 0.0 to 1.0.
A color is saturated (s=1) when it is far from a shade of gray (ranging
from black to white). Grays are unsaturated (no color) colors with s = 0.
Saturation ranges from 0.0 to 1.0.
The value (v) is the brightness of the color. Low values appear quite dark
but still have color. v=1 is as bright as possible. Values range from 0.0
to 1.0.
You can get different shades of the same color by varying changing the
saturation and value for a given hue. The hsv function returns the RGB
color in hex form.
Consider:
hsv(0.1405, 1, 1)
[1] #FFD700
Hex FF = decimal 255 = red
Hex D7 = decimal 215 = green
Hex 00 = decimal 0 = blue
Let's vary Saturation from 0.0 to 1.0 and Value from 0.0 to 1.0 in this
plot:
MakeHSVRectangle - function(saturation, value)
{
GoldHue - 0.140
color - hsv(GoldHue, saturation, value)
rect(100*saturation, 100*value, 100*saturation+4, 100*value+4, col=color)
}
plot(0:110,0:110, type=n,
xlab=Saturation[%], ylab=Value[%],
main=Shades of Gold, H=0.140)
outer(seq(0.0, 1.0, 0.05), seq(0.0, 1.0, 0.05), MakeHSVRectangle)
With Value = 0, all colors are black. With Saturation=0, the only
colors along the y axis are the shades of gray. The original gold
rectangle is at the upper right.
So, given a starting color, you have a number of shades (various
saturations and values) with the same color hue.
I hope this helps.
efg
Earl F. Glynn
Scientific Programmer
Stowers Institute for Medical Research
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Re: [R] Title of page with multiple plots
John Sorkin [EMAIL PROTECTED] wrote in message news:[EMAIL PROTECTED] I want to place four plots on a page, and I would like to have all four plots share a common title. I have tried the following code, but the title is centered over the fourth graph and not centered across all four plots. Does anyone have any suggestions? You may want to adjust the North parameters for the outer margin area (oma) and the regular margin (mar): # oma and mar: c(South,West,North,East) oldpar - par(mfcol =c(1,4), oma=c(0,0,2,0), mar=c(5.1,4.1,0,2.1)) plot(1) plot(2) plot(3) plot(4) title(Common title, outer=TRUE) par(oldpar) efg Earl F. Glynn Scientific Programmer Bioinformatics Stowers Institute for Medical Research __ R-help@stat.math.ethz.ch mailing list https://stat.ethz.ch/mailman/listinfo/r-help PLEASE do read the posting guide! http://www.R-project.org/posting-guide.html
Re: [R] french secondary boxplot
Jean-Pierre GERBAL [EMAIL PROTECTED] wrote in message news:[EMAIL PROTECTED] i'm a mathematic teacher and i have a question for R-developers : is it possible to have (in the future) a boxplot with whiskers from the first decile to the ninth decile, as usual in secondary french schools... by example : boxplot(serie,range=-1) for french boxplot ? Perhaps you could use bxp and bp.stats to create your own version: set.seed(19) x - rnorm(100) oldpar - par(mfrow=c(1,3)) # 1. Normal boxplot boxplot.info - boxplot(x, plot=FALSE) boxplot.info # compare boxplot.info$stats with deciles. Boxplot's normal # limits are 0% and 100% quantiles. deciles - quantile(x, probs=seq(0,1,0.1)) deciles bxp(boxplot.info, main=Normal boxplot, ylim=c(-3,3)) # 2. Modify boxplot.info to use 10% and 90% deciles instead of 0% and 100% boxplot.info$stats[1] - deciles[10%] boxplot.info$stats[5] - deciles[90%] bxp(boxplot.info, main=10%/90% whiskers, ylim=c(-3,3)) # 3. Build your own, e.g, Mean +/- 1 and 2 standard deviations boxplot.limits - as.matrix(c(mean(x) - 2*sd(x), mean(x) - sd(x), mean(x), mean(x) + sd(x), mean(x) + 2*sd(x))) boxplot.meansd - list(stats = bp.limits, n = length(len), conf = NULL, out = numeric(0)) bxp(boxplot.meansd, main=expression(mean %+-% 1 and 2 SDs), ylim=c(-3,3)) par(oldpar) efg Earl F. Glynn Stowers Insititute for Medical Research __ R-help@stat.math.ethz.ch mailing list https://stat.ethz.ch/mailman/listinfo/r-help PLEASE do read the posting guide! http://www.R-project.org/posting-guide.html
Re: [R] french secondary boxplot
Earl F. Glynn [EMAIL PROTECTED] wrote in message news:[EMAIL PROTECTED] Sorry, I mixed up some code in Example #3. Here is a correction: boxplot.meansd - list(stats = bp.limits, n = length(len), boxplot.meansd - list(stats = boxplot.limits, n = length(x), efg __ R-help@stat.math.ethz.ch mailing list https://stat.ethz.ch/mailman/listinfo/r-help PLEASE do read the posting guide! http://www.R-project.org/posting-guide.html
Re: [R] Debugging a program written in the R language
Prof Brian Ripley [EMAIL PROTECTED] wrote in message news:[EMAIL PROTECTED] On Wed, 8 Mar 2006, Liaw, Andy wrote: So now is a very good time for people to offer further information/suggestions for that chapter. This may be useful: Mark Bravington, Debugging Without (Too Many) Tears, R News, Vol 3, No 3, Dec 2003, pp. 29-32. R-News: http://cran.r-project.org/doc/Rnews/ Exact link: http://cran.r-project.org/doc/Rnews/Rnews_2003-3.pdf efg __ R-help@stat.math.ethz.ch mailing list https://stat.ethz.ch/mailman/listinfo/r-help PLEASE do read the posting guide! http://www.R-project.org/posting-guide.html
Re: [R] R and Power Point
Erin Hodgess [EMAIL PROTECTED] wrote in message news:[EMAIL PROTECTED] I am currently saving the R screen as WMF files and inserting them into PowerPoint. While this works, it seems that there might be a simpler method. Does anyone have any suggestions for the Power Point, please? Instead of saving to a file first, have you tried cutting from R and pasting directly to PowerPoint? File | Copy to Clipboard | As a Metafile Paste onto PowerPoint page In PowerPoint, the graphic has no background. Set a background color (if desired): Right click on graphic | Format Picture | Colors and Lines | Fill | Change from No Fill to white, or desired background color Sometimes resizing even with a metafile is a problem in PowerPoint (or Word). Drawing the right size in R before cutting and pasting often solves that problem. For some very complicated graphics (e.g., a large heatmap), use Copy to Clipboard | As a Bitmap to avoid delays in redrawing the graphic whenever the page is shown. efg __ R-help@stat.math.ethz.ch mailing list https://stat.ethz.ch/mailman/listinfo/r-help PLEASE do read the posting guide! http://www.R-project.org/posting-guide.html
Re: [R] Very important! Global variables in R?
Sean Davis [EMAIL PROTECTED] wrote in message news:[EMAIL PROTECTED] I need urgently your assistance!!! I need a global variable in R. The variable ought to be known for every functions and subfunctions. It is only to comparison purposes of the numeric algorithms. Is there a possibility? please answer in german if possible. Es tut mir leid. Ich kann Deutsch nicht sprechen. a - 1 If you make that assignment inside a function, it won't be known outside the funtion, so a is not really global here. Global assignment x - 5 ?- BUT, be aware of these cautions about the use of global variables: I wish - had never been invented, as it makes an esoteric and dangerous feature of the language *seem* normal and reasonable. If you want to dumb down R/S into a macro language, this is the operator for you. -- Bill.Venables, R-Help, July 30, 2001 #thomas (tlumley), R-Help, Jan 24, 2001 This is one of the acceptable uses of -, as shown in demo(scoping). - is useful for modifying a variable that you know exists in the enclosing environment. Most of the problems come from people trying to use it to modify things in a parent environment or in the global environment. Also see Section 13.3 Global Data in Code Complete 2 (http://www.cc2e.com/) including: - Common Problems with Global Data - Use Global Data Only as a Last Resort - How to Reduce the Risks of Using Global Data efg __ R-help@stat.math.ethz.ch mailing list https://stat.ethz.ch/mailman/listinfo/r-help PLEASE do read the posting guide! http://www.R-project.org/posting-guide.html
Re: [R] How to plot curves with more than 8 colors
Don MacQueen [EMAIL PROTECTED] wrote in message news:[EMAIL PROTECTED] I have found this little function useful when trying to choose colors: FWIW: To choose colors, this page http://research.stowers-institute.org/efg/R/Color/Chart/index.htm and PDF http://research.stowers-institute.org/efg/R/Color/Chart/ColorChart.pdf can be used to view the named colors in R, along with RGB information in decimal or hex. Not everyone can see the same colors. In particular, about 7% of males have some color blindness, especially red-green. See some of the links under Color Blindness: http://www.efg2.com/Lab/Library/Color/index.html Not all devices have the same color gamut. That is, not all devices can display the same ranges of colors: http://www.efg2.com/Lab/Library/Color/Science.htm#gamuts Matching color between the screen and printers can be a problem. efg __ R-help@stat.math.ethz.ch mailing list https://stat.ethz.ch/mailman/listinfo/r-help PLEASE do read the posting guide! http://www.R-project.org/posting-guide.html
Re: [R] Which cluster function can be used to cluster a correlaiton matrix?
Martin Maechler [EMAIL PROTECTED] wrote in message news:[EMAIL PROTECTED] The clue is to transform correlations to dissimilarities. . . . and then use hclust(), agnes(), pam(), [the latter two from package 'cluster'], ... with 'Dx' as dissimilarity Perhaps this TechNote may be of interest: Correlation Distances and Hierarchical Clustering http://research.stowers-institute.org/efg/R/Visualization/cor-cluster/index.htm efg __ R-help@stat.math.ethz.ch mailing list https://stat.ethz.ch/mailman/listinfo/r-help PLEASE do read the posting guide! http://www.R-project.org/posting-guide.html
Re: [R] multiple plots per page
Bill Hunsicker [EMAIL PROTECTED] wrote in message news:[EMAIL PROTECTED] R-help, I would like to place nine (3X3) plots per page. I am not properly implement mfrow(3,3) in the script below: Does this help? jpeg(3x3.jpg) oldpar - par( mfcol=c(3,3) ) plot(1) plot(2) plot(3) plot(4) plot(5) plot(6) plot(7) plot(8) plot(9) par(oldpar) dev.off() efg __ R-help@stat.math.ethz.ch mailing list https://stat.ethz.ch/mailman/listinfo/r-help PLEASE do read the posting guide! http://www.R-project.org/posting-guide.html
Re: [R] RODBC help
I had a similar problem when I posted this recently: RODBC and Excel: Wrong Data Type Assumed on Import http://tolstoy.newcastle.edu.au/~rking/R/help/05/11/14938.html My conclusion was: Being lucky shouldn't be part of processing Excel files, which is the case when RODBC is used. This reply gave some suggestions: http://tolstoy.newcastle.edu.au/~rking/R/help/05/11/14990.html I found this suggestion the most useful: You could try using the COM interface rather than the ODBC interface http://tolstoy.newcastle.edu.au/~rking/R/help/05/11/15030.html This approach has problems if you have holes in your data, but with some work I found RDCOMClient the way to go: http://tolstoy.newcastle.edu.au/~rking/R/help/05/11/15090.html IMHO, RODBC should only be used if you have an Excel file without holes, and with very regular numeric data. I don't understand why the online documentation is not updated to give a usage note that RODBC will often fail reading Excel files. Specifically, this help: library(RODBC) ?odbcConnectExce should be modified to have a warning RODBC considered harmful with Excel files efg Keith Sabol [EMAIL PROTECTED] wrote in message news:[EMAIL PROTECTED] I am using the RODBC package to read data from an Excel file. ... My problem appears to be related to specification of data types by column. __ R-help@stat.math.ethz.ch mailing list https://stat.ethz.ch/mailman/listinfo/r-help PLEASE do read the posting guide! http://www.R-project.org/posting-guide.html
Re: [R] R (2.2.0), R-DCOM and Delphi
Dieter Menne [EMAIL PROTECTED] wrote in message
news:[EMAIL PROTECTED]...
Jose Claudio Faria joseclaudio.faria at terra.com.br writes:
Looks like a missing file in uses. I compiled it under Delphi 5, and it
looks
like the variants are no longer included in my uses.
Try to find out via help file where VarType is declared, add it to uses.
And
please tell me about the result when you got it compiled, I will add your
finding to the archive.
Here's what worked for me:
(1) Install the new (D)COM server (the old one gives the error Method '~'
of object '~' failed with R 2.2.0):
For anybody who wants to try the R(D)COM server alone, I recommend
http://sunsite.univie.ac.at/rcom/download/RSrv200beta.exe
It is reasonably stable and will work with R 2.2.0.
(2) In C:\Program Files\R\(D)COM Server\samples\Simple run the simple.exe to
verify the server is working.
(3) Download and unzip: http://www.menne-biomed.de/download/RDComDelphi.zip
Like Jose Claudio Faria described, a number of warnings and errors will be
seen in Delphi 7 in compiling the unmodified RDCom.dpr project.
To fix the compilation errors, add the Variants unit to the uses:
uses
Windows, Messages, SysUtils,Classes, Dialogs,
STATCONNECTORSRVLib_TLB,Forms, Variants;
I don't remember why Borland made this change.
You can make the Warnings go away by selecting Project | Options | Compiler
Messages and unchecking the boxes for
- Unsafe type
- Unsafe code
These warning were introduced with Borland made changes to support .NET.
The code should be quite fine for Win32.
Note: The Delphi source code could be modified to use {$IFDEF} directives
to take care of the differences by compiler version. See the Compiler
Versions section of this page:
http://www.efg2.com/Lab/Library/Delphi/Miscellany/index.html.
Unfortunately, Borland has not been very helpful in promoting the use of a
common Versions.INC file or any other mechanism to take care of such
compiler version problems in a uniform way. The file Versions.INC must be
updated with every new release by Borland.
(4) Run the RDCom.exe program. Select the Run and Plot buttons and see a
wonderful demo of Delphi and R working together. (Now I can get busy and
use this in other Delphi applications with R as a backend.)
Thanks for the work on R-DCOM and this great example!
efg
Scientific Programmer
Stowers Institute for Medical Research
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Re: [R] RODBC and Excel: Wrong Data Type Assumed on Import
Gabor Grothendieck [EMAIL PROTECTED] wrote in message
news:[EMAIL PROTECTED]
You could try using the COM interface rather than the ODBC
interface. Try code such as this:
library(RDCOMClient)
xls - COMCreate(Excel.Application)
xls[[Workbooks]]$Open(MySpreadsheet.xls)
sheet - xls[[ActiveSheet]]
mydata - sheet[[UsedRange]][[value]]
xls$Quit()
# convert mydata to a character matrix
mydata.char - matrix(unlist(mydata), nc = length(xx))
Gabor,
Thank you for that suggestion. I try to avoid COM, but it seems to work
well with this problem.
Because I have empty cells, which are treated as NULLS, the unlist didn't
quite work.
Here's what I did:
library(RDCOMClient)
xls - COMCreate(Excel.Application)
xls[[Workbooks]]$Open(U:/efg/lab/R/Plasmid/construct list.xls)
sheet - xls[[ActiveSheet]]
mydata - sheet[[UsedRange]][[value]]
xls$Quit()
for (column in 1:length(mydata))
{
cat(column, , length(mydata[[column]]), ,
length(unlist(mydata[[column]])), \n)
}
The results show that while mydata is a list of columns, if you unlist each
column you'll be short by the number of NULL values.
1 1251 1251
2 1251 1198
3 1251 870
4 1251 327
5 1251 1250
This seemed a bit crude to fix that problem (can someone suggest a more
elegant way?):
mymatrix - NULL
for (column in 1:length(mydata))
{
# Use lappy to replace NULLs with strings, column-by-column
mymatrix - cbind(mymatrix, lapply(mydata[[column]], function(cell) {
ifelse(is.null(cell), , cell) } ))
}
# Fix column names
colnames(mymatrix) - mymatrix[1,]
mymatrix - mymatrix[-1,]
mymatrix[273:276,]
Plasmid Number Plasmid
Concentration Comments Lost
[1,] 274yxyxyxyxyxyxyxyxyxyxyxyxyxyxyxyxyxy 1 ug/ul
4 mg
[2,] 275a xyxyxyxyxyxyxyxyxyxyxyxyxyxyxyxyxyxyxyxyxyx 1 ug/2
ul
[3,] 275b xyxyxyxyxyxyxyxyxyxyxyxyx 1 ug/5
ul
[4,] 276xyxyxyxyxyxyxyxyxyxyxyxyxyxy1 ug/5
ul Assumed Lost
Thank you for preserving 275a and 275b as the names here.
So, I'd recommend RDCOMClient over RODBC with Excel files. Being lucky
shouldn't be part of processing Excel files.
efg
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Re: [R] RODBC and Excel: Wrong Data Type Assumed on Import
Kevin Wright [EMAIL PROTECTED] wrote in message news:[EMAIL PROTECTED] From my experience (somewhat of a guess): Excel uses the first 16 rows of data to determine if a column is numeric or character. The data type which is most common in the first 16 rows will then be used for the whole column. I ran some experiments trying to force RODBC to read column 1 of my worksheet as character data (the data are mostly numbers with two exceptions, 275a and 275b, as mentioned earlier). Here's the base code: library(RODBC) channel - odbcConnectExcel(U:/efg/lab/R/Krumlauf-Plasmid/construct list.xls) plasmid - sqlFetch(channel,Sheet1, as.is=TRUE) odbcClose(channel) names(plasmid) [1] Plasmid Number PlasmidConcentration Comments Lost When Excel Sheet1 has rows 2:13 as an X to attempt to force treatment of column 1 as character data: class(plasmid$Plasmid Number) [1] numeric typeof(plasmid$Plasmid Number) [1] double plasmid$Plasmid Number[1:20] [1] NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 Why would any software with 12 consecutive X character strings assume the data are purely numeric? Add one more X so rows 2:14 have an X to attempt to force treatment of column 1 as character data: class(plasmid$Plasmid Number) [1] character typeof(plasmid$Plasmid Number) [1] character plasmid$Plasmid Number[1:20] [1] X X X X X X X X X X X X X NA NA NA NA NA NA NA So RODBC now recognizes character Xs in column 1 and then declares all numbers as invalid? These are incredibly (bad) assumptions. I say this is a bug, but it may be an ODBC problem and not one with R. And if this is not an official bug, then it's a serious design problem. Minimally, this issue should be described in the R Data Import/Export document, which everyone is told to read before asking a question. It's frustrating when packages like this work for toy problems, and the documentation never mentions the pitfalls of real data. The gregmisc bundle has a different read.xls function that uses a Perl script (xls2csv) and seems to be safer with mixed-type columns. Requires a working version of Perl. Thanks for this suggestion, but I think I'll just convert the Excel spreadsheet to a .csv and maintain it in that format. efg __ R-help@stat.math.ethz.ch mailing list https://stat.ethz.ch/mailman/listinfo/r-help PLEASE do read the posting guide! http://www.R-project.org/posting-guide.html
[R] RODBC and Excel: Wrong Data Type Assumed on Import
The first column in my Excel sheet has mostly numbers but I need to treat it as character data: library(RODBC) channel - odbcConnectExcel(U:/efg/lab/R/Plasmid/construct list.xls) plasmid - sqlFetch(channel,Sheet1, as.is=TRUE) odbcClose(channel) names(plasmid) [1] Plasmid Number PlasmidConcentration Comments Lost # How is the type decided? I need a character type. class(plasmid$Plasmid Number) [1] numeric typeof(plasmid$Plasmid Number) [1] double plasmid$Plasmid Number[273:276] [1] 274 NA NA 276 The two NAs are supposed to be 275a and 275b. I tried the as.is=TRUE but that didn't help. I consulted Section 4, Relational databases, in the R Data Import/Export document (for Version 2.2.0). Section 4.2.2, Data types, was not helpful. In particular, this did not seem helpful: The more comprehensive of the R interface packages hide the type conversion issues from the user. Section 4.3.2, Package RODBC, provided a simple example of using ODBC .. with a(sic) Excel spreadsheet but is silent on how to control the data type on import. Could the documentation be expanded to address this issue? I really need to show Plasmid 275a and Plasmid 275b instead of Plasmid NA. Thanks for any help with this. efg -- Earl F. Glynn Scientific Programmer Bioinformatics Department Stowers Institute for Medical Research __ R-help@stat.math.ethz.ch mailing list https://stat.ethz.ch/mailman/listinfo/r-help PLEASE do read the posting guide! http://www.R-project.org/posting-guide.html
Re: [R] getting last 2 charcters of a string, other text functions?
t c [EMAIL PROTECTED] wrote in message news:[EMAIL PROTECTED] I wish to obtain the right-most n characters of a character string? What is the appropriate function? substr will work: x - c(abcd, xyz) N - 2 substr(x, nchar(x)-N+1, nchar(x)) [1] cd yz N - 3 substr(x, nchar(x)-N+1, nchar(x)) [1] bcd xyz efg __ R-help@stat.math.ethz.ch mailing list https://stat.ethz.ch/mailman/listinfo/r-help PLEASE do read the posting guide! http://www.R-project.org/posting-guide.html
[R] R Programmer/Analyst
From http://www.stowers-institute.org/ScientistsSought/ScientistsSought.asp#positions Programmer/Analyst The Stowers Institute for Medical Research has an opening for a Programmer/Analyst to support scientific data analysis and assist with computational biology tasks. Responsibilities include: Developing and/or maintaining software for analyzing biological data, typically using the R language. Updating related software packages, as needed and documenting how packages can be used with the existing computing infrastructure; Developing solutions to computational biology problems and assisting with scientific data analysis, especially with gene expression data; Writing code to use existing software packages for data analysis; and Monitoring changes in scientific software, especially R and Bioconductor packages In addition to excellent communication skills, the successful candidate will also have experience with Splus, R, Matlab, Maple, or Mathematica, and experience with computational biology, scientific computing, numerical analysis, multi-platform development (UNIX/Windows) databases, or web programming. Minimum requirements include an undergraduate degree in science, math, computer science, engineering, or a related field; at least one year of programming experience, and experience with at least two languages such as R, Python, Java, PERL, C#, C++ or C Apply now: http://www.stowers-institute.org/ScientistsSought/ScientistsSought.asp#resume Stowers Institute for Medical Research 1000 East 50th Street Kansas City, MO 64110 USA __ R-help@stat.math.ethz.ch mailing list https://stat.ethz.ch/mailman/listinfo/r-help PLEASE do read the posting guide! http://www.R-project.org/posting-guide.html
Re: [R] font=5 (Was: greek symbols using pch)
ecatchpole [EMAIL PROTECTED] wrote in message
news:[EMAIL PROTECTED]
Earl,
I don't think that's a bug. Try
pdf(font5.pdf, onefile=FALSE)
and similarly for postscript().
Mea culpa. The onefile=FALSE wasn't necessary (and caused Ghostscript not to
open the postscript file).
The 2nd page was caused by an erroneous second plot statement in ShowFont5,
which I put there for a one time test and then I failed to remove it. I was
getting two pages because I had two plot statements. Sorry for the
confusion.
All works fine with this code, which has only one plot statement, even with
postscript and pdf files:
ShowFont5 - function()
{
oldpar - par(font=5, las=1)
plot(0:15,0:15,type=n,ylim=c(15,0),
main=Symbols in Font=5,
xlab=, ylab=,xaxt=n, yaxt=n)
axis(BOTTOM-1, at=0:15)
axis(LEFT -2, at=0:15, 16*0:15)
abline(v=0.5 + 0:14,
h=0.5 + 0:14, col=grey, lty=dotted)
for(i in 0:255)
{
x - i %%16;
y - i %/% 16;
points(x,y,pch=i)
}
par(oldpar)
}
efg
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Re: [R] font=5 (Was: greek symbols using pch)
ecatchpole [EMAIL PROTECTED] wrote in message
news:[EMAIL PROTECTED]
Thanks for that. Very instructive, and much appreciated.
And sorry, yes, I strayed well off the original topic. The Greek symbols
come out fine with font=5 in my locale,
Locale:
LC_CTYPE=en_GB.UTF-8;
LC_NUMERIC=C;
LC_TIME=en_GB.UTF-8;
I was interested in some of the other nice characters, for example
\infty and \partial, that appear in the table, but with a calligraphic R
attached to them. But plotmath() works fine, so I'm happy.
I performed some tests with font=5 on both Linux and Windows using
source(font5.R), which is shown below, and then calling the Font5Test()
function.
Consistent results were seen with devices X11, png, and jpeg under either
Linux (R 2.1.1) or Windows (R 2.2.0) in my locale. Oddly, both the pdf and
postscript devices create 2 pages of output with the first page the expected
table and a second unexpected page with only the clubs suite symbol (167)
in the middle of the plot. I'd call this a bug, but I guess I haven't read
all the documentation about this yet.
efg
Earl F. Glynn
Scientific Programmer
Stowers Institute for Medical Research
font5.R
==
ShowFont5 - function()
{
oldpar - par(font=5, las=1)
plot(0:1, 0:1, type=n)
points(.5, .5, pch=167)
par(font=5, las=1)
plot(0:15,0:15,type=n,ylim=c(15,0),
main=Symbols in Font=5,
xlab=, ylab=,xaxt=n, yaxt=n)
axis(BOTTOM-1, at=0:15)
axis(LEFT -2, at=0:15, 16*0:15)
abline(v=0.5 + 0:14,
h=0.5 + 0:14, col=grey, lty=dotted)
# pch index of any cell is 16*row + column
for(i in 0:255)
{
x - i %%16;
y - i %/% 16;
points(x,y,pch=i)
}
par(oldpar)
}
Font5Test - function()
{
X11()
ShowFont5()
dev.off()
pdf(font5.pdf)
ShowFont5()
dev.off()
png(font5.png)
ShowFont5()
dev.off()
jpeg(font5.jpg)
ShowFont5()
dev.off()
postscript(font5.ps)
ShowFont5()
dev.off()
}
Linux Test
===
Sys.getlocale()
[1] C
R.Version()
$platform
[1] x86_64-unknown-linux-gnu
$arch
[1] x86_64
$os
[1] linux-gnu
$system
[1] x86_64, linux-gnu
$status
[1]
$major
[1] 2
$minor
[1] 1.1
$year
[1] 2005
$month
[1] 06
$day
[1] 20
$language
[1] R
Windows Test
==
Sys.getlocale()
[1] LC_COLLATE=English_United States.1252;LC_CTYPE=English_United
States.1252;LC_MONETARY=English_United
States.1252;LC_NUMERIC=C;LC_TIME=English_United States.1252
R.Version()
$platform
[1] i386-pc-mingw32
$arch
[1] i386
$os
[1] mingw32
$system
[1] i386, mingw32
$status
[1]
$major
[1] 2
$minor
[1] 2.0
$year
[1] 2005
$month
[1] 10
$day
[1] 06
$svn rev
[1] 35749
$language
[1] R
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Re: [R] greek symbols using pch
FISCHER, Matthew [EMAIL PROTECTED] wrote in message
news:[EMAIL PROTECTED]
In a plot, can I specify pch to be a greek symbol? (I looked at
show.pch() in the Hmisc package but couldn't see the right symbols in
there).
If not, I guess I can get around this using text(x,y,expression()).
I'm not sure where this is explained very well. Having ?font give a clue
about this would be nice.
Use font=5, the symbol font. To see what's in font=5:
par(font=5, las=1)
plot(0:15,0:15,type=n,ylim=c(15,0),
main=Symbols in Font=5,
xlab=, ylab=,xaxt=n, yaxt=n)
axis(BOTTOM-1, at=0:15, 1:16)
axis(LEFT -2, at=0:15)
abline(v=0.5 + 0:14,
h=0.5 + 0:14, col=grey, lty=dotted)
# pch index of any cell is 16*row + column
for(i in 0:255)
{
x - i %%16;
y - i %/% 16;
points(x,y,pch=i+1)
}
The Greek letters are from 65 to 90 and 97 to 122 in this font.
Here are random points with Greek letters as the plot character:
par(font=5)
# Use Greek letter for plot characters from font=5
plot(0:1, 0:1, axes=F, type=n, xlab=, ylab=,
main=Greek plotting characters)
box()
points(runif(100), runif(100), pch=c(65:90, 97:122))
--
efg
Earl F. Glynn
Scientific Programmer
Stowers Institute for Medical Research
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Re: [R] simple line plots?
Ashish Ranpura [EMAIL PROTECTED] wrote in message news:[EMAIL PROTECTED] I still don't know how to draw each of the three line segments I need). See ?segments Could you post a small toy problem so we can see exactly what segements you're wanting to draw? efg __ R-help@stat.math.ethz.ch mailing list https://stat.ethz.ch/mailman/listinfo/r-help PLEASE do read the posting guide! http://www.R-project.org/posting-guide.html
Re: [R] Spacing and margins in plot
This technote explains the margin area (mar) and how to modify it to control white space around a graphic: http://research.stowers-institute.org/efg/R/Graphics/Basics/mar-oma/index.htm When you have multiple figures on a graphic, you may also want to learn to control the outer margin area (oma), which is also explained. AFAIK, the only way to get the axis label closer to the axis is to suppress the actual axis labels and use the mtext command to display alternative text where you want it. For example, look at the blue text in Figure 2B (at the above link) that is between the axis label and the axis. This blue text is at line=2, when the axis labels are at line=3. efg Bioinformatics Stowers Institute Jamieson Cobleigh [EMAIL PROTECTED] wrote in message news:[EMAIL PROTECTED] If I use the following command to plot points: plot(c(1,2,2,3,3,3), type=p, pch=20, ylab=Y Label, xlab=X Label, xaxt=n) there is a large amount of space between the label X Label and the actual x-axis. If I change the xaxt=n to xaxt=s, the label X Label don't move at all. Is there a way to get the label X Label closer to the x-axis when xaxt=n? The plot I am generating is going to be included in a paper I am writing. I can cause the plot to be saved in a PDF file by doing the following: pdf(foo.pdf, width=5.5, height=4.25, onefile=FALSE) plot(c(1,2,2,3,3,3), type=p, pch=20, ylab=Y Label, xlab=X Label, xaxt=n) dev.off(); In the resulting file, there is a lot of whitespace around the graph, particularly between the top line of the plot area and the top of the page. Since I am including these plots in a paper, I want them to be as large as possible and not take up any extra space. Is there a way to get R to draw a plot that goes all the way to the margins of the print area? __ R-help@stat.math.ethz.ch mailing list https://stat.ethz.ch/mailman/listinfo/r-help PLEASE do read the posting guide! http://www.R-project.org/posting-guide.html
Re: [R] Spacing and margins in plot
Chris Wallace [EMAIL PROTECTED] wrote in message news:[EMAIL PROTECTED] how about plot(..., xlab=) title(xlab=label text, line=2) Yes, Chris, I like your idea, especially when I can fix both X and Y axes at the same time: plot(0, xlab=,ylab=) title(xlab=X axis, ylab=Y axis, line=2) I'd prefer a way to set the axis title line at the same time I change the mar parameters, but it's not a big deal. Thanks. efg __ R-help@stat.math.ethz.ch mailing list https://stat.ethz.ch/mailman/listinfo/r-help PLEASE do read the posting guide! http://www.R-project.org/posting-guide.html
Re: [R] Determining physical display dimensions
Berton Gunter [EMAIL PROTECTED] wrote in message news:[EMAIL PROTECTED] Failing that, (how) can this be done for Windows (XP or 2000, say) ? Take a look at the Windows GetDeviceCaps API call http://msdn.microsoft.com/library/default.asp?url=/library/en-us/gdi/devcons_88s3.asp Parameters that can be queried include: HORZRES Width, in pixels, of the screen. VERTRES Height, in raster lines, of the screen. HORZSIZE Width, in millimeters, of the physical screen VERTSIZE Height, in millimeters, of the physical screen The specifics of how to use this API call will vary by language. Google will be your friend. efg Bioinformatics Stowers Institute for Medical Research __ R-help@stat.math.ethz.ch mailing list https://stat.ethz.ch/mailman/listinfo/r-help PLEASE do read the posting guide! http://www.R-project.org/posting-guide.html
Re: [R] Image from bytes streams
Márcio de Medeiros Ribeiro [EMAIL PROTECTED] wrote in message news:[EMAIL PROTECTED]... My big problem is that my program reads the image before that its complete by the png() function. For instance, my graphic image has 1000Kb. When R saves it into the hard disk, my Java program reads the file before the save operation completes (500Kb for example). So, I got only a part of the file and hence the image... :( One solution is read the image and search for a byte which represents the end of the file, but it depends on the image format... Have you considered in R writing the file to a temporary name (see ?tempfile). When the file is complete, after the dev.off() in R as suggested by Prof Ripley, you could rename the file [using file.name() in R]. Your external program can now access the file without worrying about whether it is complete, since the file appears not to exist until the whole file has been written. efg __ R-help@stat.math.ethz.ch mailing list https://stat.ethz.ch/mailman/listinfo/r-help PLEASE do read the posting guide! http://www.R-project.org/posting-guide.html
[R] Anything like dir.choose (similar to file.choose) in R?
Does R have a dir.choose function? I can use file.choose like this as a kludge to get something like a dir.choose, but a real dir.choose would be better: cat(Select one of files in directory to process:\n) filename - gsub(, /, file.choose()) basepath - dirname(filename) Windows provides a lower-level SHBrowseForFolder function to create such a dialog (see links below). Do other platforms have similar functionality at a lower level? (Hoping this would be an easy addition to R.) SHBrowseForFolder Function http://msdn.microsoft.com/library/default.asp?url=/library/en-us/shellcc/platform/shell/reference/functions/shbrowseforfolder.asp Using the Shell API function SHBrowseForFolder() http://community.borland.com/article/0,1410,17008,00.html efg -- Earl F. Glynn Bioinformatics Stowers Institute for Medical Research __ R-help@stat.math.ethz.ch mailing list https://stat.ethz.ch/mailman/listinfo/r-help PLEASE do read the posting guide! http://www.R-project.org/posting-guide.html
Re: [R] Digest reading is tedious
Dirk Eddelbuettel [EMAIL PROTECTED] wrote in message news:[EMAIL PROTECTED] The R-help (!!) list is available via Gmane.org, a fabulous service that archives, redirects, displays, ... a gazillion mailing lists. Among them are are r-help, r-devel, and several r-sig-* lists. See the top of http://dir.gmane.org/index.php?prefix=gmane.comp.lang.r for the current list. By Gmane's convention, -help or -user lists often end up as '*.general'. So r-help is at Reading these newsgroups is a great way to keep up with what's going on with R without the daily digest tedium: - gmane.comp.lang.r.general - gmane.comp.lang.r.devel - gmane.comp.lang.r.announce The BioConductor mailing list is also there, but I find its name a bit odd: - gmane.science.biology.informatics.conductor The name makes some sense, but I missed it for months because it didn't have bioconductor exactly in the name. efg __ R-help@stat.math.ethz.ch mailing list https://stat.ethz.ch/mailman/listinfo/r-help PLEASE do read the posting guide! http://www.R-project.org/posting-guide.html
[R] Why only a string for heading for row.names with write.csv with a matrix?
Consider: x - matrix(1:6, 2,3) rownames(x) - c(ID1, ID2) colnames(x) - c(Attr1, Attr2, Attr3) x Attr1 Attr2 Attr3 ID1 1 3 5 ID2 2 4 6 write.csv(x,file=x.csv) ,Attr1,Attr2,Attr3 ID1,1,3,5 ID2,2,4,6 Have I missed an easy way to get the string to be something meaningful? There is no information in the string. This column heading for the row names often could used as a database key, but the entry would need to be manually edited first. Why not provide a way to specify the string instead of putting as the heading for the rownames? From http://finzi.psych.upenn.edu/R/doc/manual/R-data.html Header line R prefers the header line to have no entry for the row names, . . . Some other systems require a (possibly empty) entry for the row names, which is what write.table will provide if argument col.names = NA is specified. Excel is one such system. Why is an empty entry the only option here? A quick solution that comes to mind seems a bit kludgy: y - cbind(rownames(x), x) colnames(y)[1] - ID y IDAttr1 Attr2 Attr3 ID1 ID1 1 3 5 ID2 ID2 2 4 6 write.table(y, row.names=F, col.names=T, sep=,, file=y.csv) ID,Attr1,Attr2,Attr3 ID1,1,3,5 ID2,2,4,6 Now the rownames have an ID header, which could be used as a key in a database if desired without editing (but all the numbers are now characters strings, too). It's also not clear why I had to use write.table above, instead of write.csv: write.csv(y, row.names=F, col.names=T, file=y.csv) Error in write.table(..., col.names = NA, sep = ,, qmethod = double) : col.names = NA makes no sense when row.names = FALSE Thanks for any insight about this. efg -- Earl F. Glynn Bioinformatics Stowers Institute __ R-help@stat.math.ethz.ch mailing list https://stat.ethz.ch/mailman/listinfo/r-help PLEASE do read the posting guide! http://www.R-project.org/posting-guide.html
Re: [R] red-black-green color palette?
Jake Michaelson [EMAIL PROTECTED] wrote in message
news:[EMAIL PROTECTED]
I'm working on some heatmaps, and the person I'm working with would
prefer a red-black-green color palette (red denoting gene induction and
green denoting gene repression). Does such a palette exist already?
If not, is there an easy way to create one?
Here are four ways:
showpanel - function(Colors)
{
image(matrix(1:length(Colors), ncol=1), col=Colors, xaxt=n, yaxt=n )
}
oldpar - par(mfrow=c(4,2))
# Method 1 (colorRampPalette was new in R 2.1.0) in grDevices
# Same as function with same name in dichromat package?
showpanel(colorRampPalette( c(green, black, red), space=rgb)(32))
showpanel(colorRampPalette( c(green, black, red), space=rgb)(64))
# Method 2
library(gplots)
showpanel(greenred(32))
showpanel(redgreen(64))
# Method 3
library(geneplotter)
showpanel(greenred.colors(32))
showpanel(greenred.colors(64))
# Method 4
library(marray)
pal - maPalette(low=green, high=red,mid=black)
maColorBar(seq(-2,2, 0.2), col=pal, horizontal=TRUE, k=0)
maColorBar(seq(-2,2, 0.1), col=pal, horizontal=TRUE, k=0)
efg
--
Earl F. Glynn
Scientific Programmer
Stowers Institute for Medical Research
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Re: [R] HOW to Create Movies with R with repeated plot()?
Jan Verbesselt [EMAIL PROTECTED] wrote in message
news:[EMAIL PROTECTED]
Dear R-helpers,
Is it possible to create a type of 'movie' in R based on the output of
several figures (e.g., jpegs) via the plot() function. I obtained dynamic
results with the plotting function and would like to save these as a movie
(e.g., avi or other formats)?
1) You can create animated GIFs with the caTools package.
2) ImageMagick (clipped from R-Help)
It is quite easy to do with ImageMagick (www.imagemagick.org), which can be
installed on most OSes. I tried this simple sequence and it worked
beautifully.
In R:
for(i in 1:5) {
+ jpeg(paste(fig, i, .jpg, sep = ))
+ hist(rnorm(100))
+ dev.off()
+ }
Then from the command line (I tried it using Linux, though it should be the
same on any platform):
% convert -delay 50 -loop 50 fig*.jpg animated.gif
This created animated.gif, a nice animation of my sequence of files. You
can control the timing of the animation by playing with -delay and -loop.
3) TCL/TK Animation (clipped from R-Help)
The tcltk package also has ways of doing this kind of stuff:
library(tcltk)
f - function(){plot(rnorm(1000)); tkcmd(after, 1000,f)}
f()
(To stop, set f - NULL)
efg
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Re: [R] R graphics
Sam Baxter [EMAIL PROTECTED] wrote in message
news:[EMAIL PROTECTED]
I am trying to set up 16 graphs on one graphics page in R. I have used
the mfrow=c(4,4) command. However I get a lot of white space between
each graph. Does anyone know how I can reduce this?
The default par()$mar is c(5,4,4,2) + 0.1 and can be reduced.
For example:
par(mfrow=c(4,4), mar=c(3,3,0,0))
for (i in 1:16)
{
plot(0:10)
}
efg
--
Earl F. Glynn
Bioinformatics Department
Stowers Institute for Medical Research
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[R] Partek has Dunn-Sidak Multiple Test Correction. Is this the same/similar to any of R's p.adjust.methods?
The Partek package (www.partek.com) allows only two selections for Multiple Test Correction: Bonferroni and Dunn-Sidak. Can anyone suggest why Partek implemented Dunn-Sidak and not the other methods that R has? Is there any particular advantage to the Dunn-Sidak method? R knows about these methods (in R 2.1.1): p.adjust.methods [1] holm hochberg hommel bonferroni BH BY fdr [8] none BH is Benjamini Hochberg (1995) and is also called fdr (I wish R's documentation said this clearly). BY is Benjamini Yekutieli (2001). I found a few hits from Google on Dunn-Sidak, but I'm curious if anyone can tell me on a conservative-liberal scale, where the Dunn-Sidak method falls? My guess is it's less conservative than Bonferroni (but aren't all the other methods?), but how does it compare to the other methods? A limited numerical experiment suggested this order to me: bonferroni (most conservative), hochberg and holm about the same, BY, BH (also called fdr), and then none. Thanks for any of thoughts on this. efg __ R-help@stat.math.ethz.ch mailing list https://stat.ethz.ch/mailman/listinfo/r-help PLEASE do read the posting guide! http://www.R-project.org/posting-guide.html
Re: [R] Using data frames for EDA: Insert, Change name, delete columns? (Newcomer's question)
Ben Fairbank [EMAIL PROTECTED] wrote in message news:[EMAIL PROTECTED] I ... cannot find commands to easily insert, remove (delete), rename, and re-order (arbitrarily, not sort) columns. ... Could a reader provide a reference where such commands are documented? There's a lot of info in the old R-Help postings, but searching and finding an answer for a particular problem can be a bit of a pain. Here's some info from some old R-Help postings that may help on your question: DELETE TWO COLUMNS --- I have a dataframe 'd2004' and I want to remove two columns: 'd2004$concentration' and 'd2004$stade. I could do it just as follows: names(d2004) [1] Localite Date parcelle maille presence.plant concentration stade.culture [8] stade Trou HorizonProfondeur d2004 - d2004[, -c(6, 8)] but I'd like to use column names (to avoid finding column numbers each time). I cannot find an easy way to operate... I wonder why that works: d2004[, concentration] and this don't: d2004 - d2004[, -c(concentration, stade)] SOLUTIONS: d2004$concentration - NULL d2004$stade - NULL or Newdata - subset(d2004, select=-c(concentration,stade)) RENAMING COLUMNS --- This is a sample data frame: myData - data.frame( col1 = 1:3, col2 = 2:4, col3 = 3:5 ) myData col1 col2 col3 1123 2234 3345 You can change all names by: names( myData )- c( newcol1, newcol2, newcol3 ) myData newcol1 newcol2 newcol3 1 1 2 3 2 2 3 4 3 3 4 5 Or a single name by: names( myData )[ 2 ] - newcol2 myData col1 newcol2 col3 11 23 22 34 33 45 Or if you know the name, but not the column number: names( myData )[ which( names( myData ) == newcol2 ) ] - verynewcol2 myData col1 verynewcol2 col3 11 23 22 34 33 45 REORDERING COLUMNS --- I don't have a clipping for this one, but here's what I'd try: myData - data.frame( col1 = 1:3, col2 = 2:4, col3 = 3:5 ) myData col1 col2 col3 1123 2234 3345 MyData - myData[,c(3,1,2)] MyData col3 col1 col2 1312 2423 3534 -- efg Earl F. Glynn Bioinformatics Stowers Institute for Medical Research __ R-help@stat.math.ethz.ch mailing list https://stat.ethz.ch/mailman/listinfo/r-help PLEASE do read the posting guide! http://www.R-project.org/posting-guide.html
Re: [R] Preparing timestamped data for fourier analysis
Milos Zarkovic [EMAIL PROTECTED] wrote in message news:[EMAIL PROTECTED] I believe that FFT is not appropriate. However Lomb-Scargle periodogram could be used. This may interest you: (Preprint of submitted paper) Detecting periodic patterns in unevenly spaced gene expression time series using Lomb-Scargle periodograms. http://research.stowers-institute.org/bioinfo/PDF/m2005_lomb-scargle_submitted.pdf R code here http://research.stowers-institute.org/efg/2005/LombScargle/ efg __ R-help@stat.math.ethz.ch mailing list https://stat.ethz.ch/mailman/listinfo/r-help PLEASE do read the posting guide! http://www.R-project.org/posting-guide.html
[R] p.adjust documentation suggestion: simple statement that new BH method is an alias for old fdr method
In R 2.0.1 p.adjust.methods [1] holm hochberg hommel bonferroni fdrnone In R 2.1.0 p.adjust.methods [1] holm hochberg hommel bonferroni BH BY fdr [8] none One might conclude that two new methods BH and BY were added. BUT, there's a clue in one of the comments of the examples for ?p.adjust: ## or all of them at once (dropping the fdr alias): p.adjust.M - p.adjust.methods[p.adjust.methods != fdr] Apparently, the old fdr that meant Benjamini Hochberg now shares an alias with the new BH, which is Benjamini Hochberg. Wouldn't a simple statement in the online documentation be useful that explained that fdr and BH are aliases? Is fdr soon to be deprecated and eventually shouldn't be used at all and that BH is the way of the future? http://cran.r-project.org/src/base/NEWS mentions p.adjust() has a new method 'BY' but was silent on the apparently new alias BH. efg __ R-help@stat.math.ethz.ch mailing list https://stat.ethz.ch/mailman/listinfo/r-help PLEASE do read the posting guide! http://www.R-project.org/posting-guide.html
Re: [R] Why does summary show number of NAs as non-integer?
Berton Gunter [EMAIL PROTECTED] wrote in message news:[EMAIL PROTECTED] summary() is an S3 generic that for your vector dispatches summary.default(). The output of summary default has class table and so calls print.table (print is another S3 generic). Look at the code of print.table() to see how it formats the output. Marc Schwartz [EMAIL PROTECTED] wrote in message news:[EMAIL PROTECTED] On Tue, 2005-05-31 at 17:14 -0500, Earl F. Glynn wrote: Why isn't the number of NA's just 2 instead of the 2.000 shown above? The same number of decimal places is used throughout a vector I'm talking about how this should be designed. The current impementation may be to print a vector using generic logic, but why use generic logic to produce a wrong solution? Shouldn't correctness be more important than using a generic solution? There is special logic to suppress NA's when they don't exist (see below), so why isn't there special logic to print the count of NAs, which MUST be an integer, correctly when they do exist? An integer should NOT be displayed with meaningless decimal places. Why would this ever be desirable? The generic solution should be dropped in favor of a correct solution. # Why not use special logic to show the number of NA's correctly as an integer? set.seed(19) summary( c(NA, runif(10,1,100), NaN) ) Min. 1st Qu. MedianMean 3rd Qu.Max.NA's 7.771 24.850 43.040 43.940 63.540 83.830 2.000 # There is already special logic to suppress NA's set.seed(19) summary( runif(10,1,100) ) Min. 1st Qu. MedianMean 3rd Qu.Max. 7.771 24.850 43.040 43.940 63.540 83.830 2.000 and 2 do not have equivalent meaning. efg __ R-help@stat.math.ethz.ch mailing list https://stat.ethz.ch/mailman/listinfo/r-help PLEASE do read the posting guide! http://www.R-project.org/posting-guide.html
[R] Why does summary show number of NAs as non-integer?
Example: set.seed(19) summary( c(NA, runif(10,1,100), NaN) ) Min. 1st Qu. MedianMean 3rd Qu.Max.NA's 7.771 24.850 43.040 43.940 63.540 83.830 2.000 Why isn't the number of NA's just 2 instead of the 2.000 shown above? efg __ R-help@stat.math.ethz.ch mailing list https://stat.ethz.ch/mailman/listinfo/r-help PLEASE do read the posting guide! http://www.R-project.org/posting-guide.html
Re: [R] Round a line
Luis Ridao Cruz [EMAIL PROTECTED] wrote in message news:[EMAIL PROTECTED] R-help, I have lloked in the archives found no answer to how to round the line joint. I have usedthe arguments lnd, ljoin in par but I get no differences in the plotting. x=1:10 par(ljoin=round,lend=round) plot(x,sin(x),type=l,lwd=2) On my Windows 2000 machine using R 2.1.0, par()$ljoin and par()$lend are already round by default. The par()$lmitre parameter is 10, Paul Murrell's article Fonts, lines, and transparency ... in R News 4/2 (Sept 2004) gives some clues under The end of the line: http://cran.stat.auckland.ac.nz/doc/Rnews/Rnews_2004-2.pdf All lines are drawn using a particular style for line ends and joins, though the difference only becomes obvious when lines become thick. Is it possible that with par()$lmitre at 10, and a lwd=2, you won't see any difference? efg __ R-help@stat.math.ethz.ch mailing list https://stat.ethz.ch/mailman/listinfo/r-help PLEASE do read the posting guide! http://www.R-project.org/posting-guide.html
Re: [R] colors and palettes and things...
Jeff D. Hamann [EMAIL PROTECTED] wrote in message news:[EMAIL PROTECTED] After trying to find if there was a color picker in the FAQs and the help, I thought I would send a post here. I was overwhelmed with all the wonderful color choices R has predefined (discovered after typing in colors()) but can't figure out what they all (by name) look like. Is there a color picker or some other method to display all those colors next to the name? Perhaps this PDF with a Chart of R Colors will help: http://research.stowers-institute.org/efg/R/Color/Chart/ColorChart.pdf R details are on this page about color and also show how to create the above PDF: http://research.stowers-institute.org/efg/R/Color/Chart/index.htm efg __ R-help@stat.math.ethz.ch mailing list https://stat.ethz.ch/mailman/listinfo/r-help PLEASE do read the posting guide! http://www.R-project.org/posting-guide.html
Re: [R] How to plot Contour with NA in dataframe
Duncan Murdoch [EMAIL PROTECTED] wrote in message
news:[EMAIL PROTECTED]
[EMAIL PROTECTED] wrote:
Your problem isn't the NA values, it's the fact that the contour
functions want a matrix, and you're passing a data.frame. If you use
as.matrix on it, it converts to character mode, presumably because your
last column is entirely missing (so is read as mode logical, not numeric).
Use this massaging on it and the plot will work:
myData - as.matrix(as.data.frame(lapply(myData,as.numeric)))
This looks unnecessarily complicated here, but appears to be necessary. I
normally would try to use only as.matrix here but this can fail as shown
below, but sometimes can work.
R's rules about this conversion seem somewhat arbitrary to me. Example 3,
in particular, doesn't make sense to me. Can anyone share some insight on
what is going on?
==
Dummy.txt
1,2,3
4,5,6
# 1. Integers, no missing values; as.matrix good enough for conversion
# Results make sense.
myData - read.table('Dummy.txt',sep=',')
typeof(myData)
[1] list
class(myData)
[1] data.frame
myData - as.matrix(myData)
myData
V1 V2 V3
1 1 2 3
2 4 5 6
typeof(myData)
[1] integer
class(myData)
[1] matrix
==
Dummy.txt
1,,3
4,2.5,6
# 2. Doubles, missing values; as.matrix good enough for conversion
# Results make sense.
myData - read.table('Dummy.txt',sep=',')
myData - as.matrix(myData)
myData
V1 V2 V3
1 1 NA 3
2 4 2.5 6
typeof(myData)
[1] double
class(myData)
[1] matrix
==
Dummy.txt
1,,3
# 3. Drop second row of data from 2 above. Now instead of integers or
doubles,
# the type is character after using as.matrix?
# Results don't make sense. Why did dropping the second row of data change
# the type to character here?
myData - read.table('Dummy.txt',sep=',')
myData - as.matrix(myData)
myData
V1 V2 V3
1 1 NA 3
typeof(myData)
[1] character
class(myData)
[1] matrix
==
Dummy.txt
1,,3
# 4. More complicated solution than 3 above, like what Duncan suggested,
# but this gives expected results
myData - read.table('Dummy.txt',sep=',')
myData - as.matrix(as.data.frame(lapply(myData,as.numeric)))
myData
V1 V2 V3
1 1 NA 3
typeof(myData)
[1] double
class(myData)
[1] matrix
==
Thanks for any help in clarifying this R subtilty.
efg
--
Earl F. Glynn
Scientific Programmer
Stowers Institute for Medical Research
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Re: [R] hex format
Thomas Lumley [EMAIL PROTECTED] wrote in message news:[EMAIL PROTECTED] Yes, and convertColor in R-devel does quite a few of these (XYZ tristimulus space; CIE Lab and Luv; sRGB, Apple RGB and roll-your-own RGB based on chromaticities of the primaries; and chromatic adaptation for changing the white point). The colorspace package has a more elegant implementation of a somewhat different set of color space computations, and R-devel also has hcl() for specifying colors based on hue, chroma, and luminance (polar coordinates in Luv space). Thank you for this info. I struggle to keep up with what is on CRAN and in Bioconductor, so I haven't looked at the newer packages in R-devel. Both convertColor and colorspace look interesting and I'll definitely investigate them. I see the latest (first?) version of colorspace was introduced in January 2005 and provides functions hex, hex2RGB, readhex and writehex, and these functions seem to address my color concerns. But I was using color manipulations as an example of a need for more general capapabilities in R to do these hex conversions when needed, and without a special package. I recently discovered R's writeBin and readBin functions. readBin, in particular, looks like an extremely powerful tool for loading external files. This might be an easier way to perform some one-time data manipulations instead of writing a separate C, Perl or Delphi program to manipulate data before bringing it into R for analysis. readBin returns a raw data type that looks like an array of bytes that R displays in hex. That's where my problem begins and why I joined this hex format thread. I'd love to manipulate this raw hex data, but R makes using these hex bytes quite difficult to use (or more difficult than I think it should be based on how easy it is in other languages). I might want to interpret a byte, or a string of bytes, as characters. Or, I might want to interpret pairs of bytes as 2-byte unsigned (or possibly signed) integers. Or, I might want to interpret 3-bytes at a time as RGB values (in either RGB or BGR order). Or, I might want to interpret 8-bytes at a type as a IEEE754 floating point number. Every time someone wants to manipulate this raw data in R, as far as I can tell now, one must start from scratch and do all sorts of manipulations on these hex byte values to get characters, or integers, or doubles. And because it's not that easy (but it's not that hard either, more of an annoyance), I guess many just go back to C to get that job done there and then return to R. Perhaps I've missed some R functions that do this conversion, but if not, I suggest some new functions that take an array of raw bytes like this, and return either a single value, or an array of values, under a given interpretation would be a useful addition to R for working with raw data (like flow cytometery data -- http://www.softflow.com/sf_www/fcap/Fcsformt.htm, or even TIFF files, or other forms of scientific data). Examples of writeBin/readBin: # Integers IntegerSize - 4# How do I get this value from R? i - -2:2 i [1] -2 -1 0 1 2 writeBin(i, big.bin, endian=big) big - readBin(big.bin, raw, length(i)*IntegerSize) big [1] ff ff ff fe ff ff ff ff 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 01 00 00 00 02 typeof(big) [1] raw writeBin(i, little.bin, endian=little) little - readBin(little.bin, raw, length(i)*IntegerSize) little [1] fe ff ff ff ff ff ff ff 00 00 00 00 01 00 00 00 02 00 00 00 #Doubles DoubleSize - 8 x - 10^(-2:2) x [1] 1e-02 1e-01 1e+00 1e+01 1e+02 writeBin(x, big.bin, endian=big) big - readBin(big.bin, raw, length(x)*DoubleSize) big [1] 3f 84 7a e1 47 ae 14 7b 3f b9 99 99 99 99 99 9a 3f f0 00 00 00 00 00 00 40 24 00 00 00 00 00 00 40 59 00 00 00 00 00 00 writeBin(x, platform.bin, endian=.Platform$endian) platform - readBin(platform.bin, raw, length(x)*DoubleSize) platform [1] 7b 14 ae 47 e1 7a 84 3f 9a 99 99 99 99 99 b9 3f 00 00 00 00 00 00 f0 3f 00 00 00 00 00 00 24 40 00 00 00 00 00 00 59 40 y - readBin(platform.bin, double, length(x)*DoubleSize) y [1] 1e-02 1e-01 1e+00 1e+01 1e+02 efg __ R-help@stat.math.ethz.ch mailing list https://stat.ethz.ch/mailman/listinfo/r-help PLEASE do read the posting guide! http://www.R-project.org/posting-guide.html
Re: [R] hex format
Prof Brian Ripley [EMAIL PROTECTED] wrote in message
news:[EMAIL PROTECTED]
On Thu, 7 Apr 2005, Steve Vejcik wrote:
Has anyone used hex notation within R to represents integers?
Short answer: yes.
as.numeric(0x1AF0)
[1] 6896
(which BTW is system-dependent, but one person used it as you asked).
I see this works fine with R 2.0.0 on a Linux platform, but doesn't work at
all under R 2.0.1 on Windows.
as.numeric(0x1AF0)
[1] NA
Warning message:
NAs introduced by coercion
Seems to me the conversion from hex to decimal should be system independent
(and makes working with colors much more convenient). Why isn't this system
independent now?
The prefix on hex numbers is somewhat language dependent (0x or $)
perhaps but I didn't think this conversion should be system dependent.
I don't remember where I got this, but this hex2dec works under both Linux
and Windows (and doesn't need the 0x prefix).
hex2dec - function(hexadecimal)
{
hexdigits - c(0:9, LETTERS[1:6])
hexadecimal - toupper(hexadecimal)# treat upper/lower case the same
decimal - rep(0, length(hexadecimal))
for (i in 1:length(hexadecimal))
{
digits - match(strsplit(hexadecimal[i],)[[1]], hexdigits) - 1
decimal[i] - sum(digits * 16^((length(digits)-1):0))
}
return(decimal)
}
Example:
hex2dec(c(1AF0, ))
[1] 6896 65535
can be interpreted as 65535 as unsigned and -1 as signed on the same
system depending on context. This isn't system dependent, but rather
context dependent.
I suggest as.numeric should perform the unsigned conversion on all
systems. What am I missing?
efg
--
Earl F. Glynn
Scientific Programmer
Bioinformatics Department
Stowers Institute for Medical Research
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Re: [R] hex format
Duncan Murdoch [EMAIL PROTECTED] wrote in message news:[EMAIL PROTECTED] Seems to me the conversion from hex to decimal should be system independent (and makes working with colors much more convenient). Why isn't this system independent now? Presumably because nobody thought it was important enough to make it so. R isn't a low level system programming language, so why should it treat hex specially? 1) While generally I'd agree with your statement, manipulating colors is one place the ability to convert to/from hex would be quite nice. rgb(1,0,0.5) [1] #FF0080 rgb returns a hex string and then R makes manipulating this string somewhat difficult. One might want to use such color values to convert to a different color space, perform some sort of manipulation in that other color space, and then convert back to rgb. 2) I would think that one of R's mathematical abilities would be to provide a way to convert from any base to base 10, and from base 10 to any base. I haven't found this general math tool yet in R. Working with base-16 (or even base 2 sometimes) could be done with such a general math tool. 3) While I may be in a minority, I would even consider exporting IEEE floating-point numbers in hex form as a way to avoid any additional conversion losses converting to/from decimal. 4) Why not make working with raw data a little easier? readbin shows hex values but they are not easy to work with inside of R. IntegerSize - 4# How do I get this value from R? i - -2:2 i [1] -2 -1 0 1 2 length(i) [1] 5 object.size(i) [1] 52 writeBin(i, big.bin, endian=big) big - readBin(big.bin, raw, length(i)*IntegerSize) big [1] ff ff ff fe ff ff ff ff 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 01 00 00 00 02 writeBin(i, little.bin, endian=little) little - readBin(little.bin, raw, length(i)*IntegerSize) little [1] fe ff ff ff ff ff ff ff 00 00 00 00 01 00 00 00 02 00 00 00 5) Does R have a hex consistency problem? The color values start with a # for hex, but the as.numeric(#FF0080) isn't allowed? Thanks for your time. efg __ R-help@stat.math.ethz.ch mailing list https://stat.ethz.ch/mailman/listinfo/r-help PLEASE do read the posting guide! http://www.R-project.org/posting-guide.html
Re: [R] hex format
Thomas Lumley [EMAIL PROTECTED] wrote in message news:[EMAIL PROTECTED] The convertColor function in R 2.1.0 provides colorspace conversion, including hex. #ff0080 isn't a number, it's a colour (or perhaps a color). If it were converted to numeric form it would be a vector of three numbers, and which three numbers would depend on the coordinate system used for colour space. Colo(u)rs and numbers are interchangeable to me. When you look at a picture, don't you see numbers? Maybe you don't see a number here, but I do. #ff0080 is interpreted in some (non-R) contexts as a single number. In many contexts, including HTML, colors are represented as three bytes in hex with this notation and the # means hexadecimal. The RGB color componets can be discerned quite easily: hex FF is decimal 255 (red), hex 00 is decimal 0 (green), hex 80 is decimal 128 (blue). Some programs, e.g., Dreamweaver, allow specification of colors in this hex 3-byte form directly. The 16 million colors you seen on a true color display are from the 256*256*256 (or in hex FF*FF*FF) possible RGB triples. For example, R already provides both hsv() and rgb() to create colours from vectors of three numbers, but the correspondence is different in each case. Sorry if some consider this off topic: HSV as a color space is really only liked by computer scientists. Image processing and color engineers rarely if ever use HSV. There are MANY other color spaces and computations possible (see color spaces or color conversions or other color topics on this page http://www.efg2.com/Lab/Library/Color/Science.htm). Most of these color manipulations in R are not easy because the very first step, converting colors, I mean numbers g, like #ff0080 to the red, green components is hindered because one must reinvent the wheel of hex-to-decimal conversion. Perhaps R will someday introduce a pixel type that would encapsulate the three color components (for color images at least). A matrix of pixels could easily be made into an image. Some color computations such a Maxwell Triangle, or a CIE Chromaticity Chart (sorry the links are currently broken, but the image can be seen on this Chinese translation page) http://bluemoon.myrice.com/efg/color/chromaticity.htm in R is more difficult than it should be because of how R is designed now. Many image processing statistical problems could be tackled directly in R if there were an easier way to manipulate pixels and images. But the hex manipulations I'm advocating could be used for variety of other purposes. E.g, I must periodically deal with a binary data stream of flow cytometery data -- part ASCII, part binary. Reading this stream directly from R would be nice and is almost doable. Working with raw data and understanding exactly what you've got would be facilitated by better conversion capabilities within R. efg __ R-help@stat.math.ethz.ch mailing list https://stat.ethz.ch/mailman/listinfo/r-help PLEASE do read the posting guide! http://www.R-project.org/posting-guide.html
Re: [R] 2d plotting and colours
Mulholland, Tom [EMAIL PROTECTED] wrote in message news:[EMAIL PROTECTED] Since I was only concentrating on colour issues and not on your specific problem I was just showing the possibilities. Does this code help n - 5 par(mfrow = c(2,2)) palette(default) barplot(1:25,col = 1:25) palette(rainbow(n)) barplot(1:25,col = 1:25) palette(rgb((0:15)/15, g=0,b=0, names=paste(red,0:15,sep=.))) barplot(1:25,col = 1:25) require(cluster) x - runif(100) * 8 + 2 cl - kmeans(x, n) palette(rainbow(n)) plot(x, col = cl$cluster) abline(h = cl$centers, lty = 2,col = grey ) palette(palette()[order(cl$centers)]) points(x,col = cl$cluster,pch = 20,cex = 0.4) Using Windows with R 2.0.1 this looks fine at first. But when I resize the graphic, copy the graphic to a metafile and paste it into Word, or go to an earlier graphic and come back using History, the colors ae all messed up. It's as if only the last palette is being used for all four plots in the figure. Oddly, if I copy the graphic as a bitmap, the colors are preseved in the bitmap. Is this a quirk of my machine or does this happen for others? Is it possible that the Windows palette manager is being used (which is such about obsolete) and that true color graphics are not being used (which is the easist way to avoid headaches from the Windows palette manager)? efg __ R-help@stat.math.ethz.ch mailing list https://stat.ethz.ch/mailman/listinfo/r-help PLEASE do read the posting guide! http://www.R-project.org/posting-guide.html
Re: [R] Multi-plot figures with different numbers of plots indifferent rows
Anne York [EMAIL PROTECTED] wrote in message news:[EMAIL PROTECTED] par(mfrow=c(2,3)) #set up 2 rows x 3 colums plot(1:10) #plot 1 plot(1:10) #plot 2 plot(1:10) #plot 3 par(mfg=c(2,2)) # start next plot at 2,2 instead of 2,1 plot(1:10) # 4th plot If you want to leave the last plot(s) in a such a figure blank, and continue on with another figure, how does that work? For example: par(mfrow=c(2,3)) #set up 2 rows x 3 columns plot(1:10, main=Plot 1) plot(1:20, main=Plot 2) plot(1:30, main=Plot 3) par(mfg=c(2,2)) # start next plot at 2,2 instead of 2,1 plot(1:40, main=Plot 4) # What if 5th plot is to start on next page? # Why do plots 5 and 6 overlay plots 1 and 2 instead # of being on a new page? par(mfg=c(1,1)) plot(1:50, main=Plot 5) plot(1:60, main=Plot 6) If par(mfg=c(1,1)) is left out, Plot 6 is on the next figure. The new=T parameters seems like a possible solution, but gives this warning and is ignored: Warning messages: 1: parameter new couldn't be set in high-level plot() function par(mfrow=c(2,3)) #set up 2 rows x 3 columns plot(1:10, main=Plot 1, new=T) plot(1:20, main=Plot 2) plot(1:30, main=Plot 3) par(mfg=c(2,2)) # start next plot at 2,2 instead of 2,1 plot(1:40, main=Plot 4) # What if 5th plot is to start on next page? # Why do plots 5 and 6 overlay plots 1 and 2 instead # of being on a new page? par(mfg=c(1,1)) plot(1:50, main=Plot 5, new=T) plot(1:60, main=Plot 6) How do I create a series of plots in one figure and control when a new figure is created? (without using dummy blank placeholder plots) The example above is only for discussion. I really want to do this in a loop and create 5 plots per figure, and repeat this for many pages in a PDF file. Thanks for any insight on this. efg -- Earl F. Glynn Scientific Programmer Stowers Institute for Medical Research __ R-help@stat.math.ethz.ch mailing list https://stat.ethz.ch/mailman/listinfo/r-help PLEASE do read the posting guide! http://www.R-project.org/posting-guide.html
Re: [R] Multi-plot figures with different numbers of plots indifferentrows
Paul Murrell [EMAIL PROTECTED] wrote in message news:[EMAIL PROTECTED]... Does this do what you want? layout(rbind(c(1, 2, 3), c(0, 4, 0))) plot(1:10, main=Plot 1) plot(1:20, main=Plot 2) plot(1:30, main=Plot 3) plot(1:40, main=Plot 4) # new page! plot(1:40, main=Plot 5) Yes, that works nicely. Thank you very much. I tried this wrapped with a pdf/dev.off and it works great: pdf(test.pdf) plot statements here dev.off() I guess I should always use layout and avoid using mfrow or mfcol, since it's more flexible in general. I can't decide if the existing behavio(u)r of mfrow/mfcol is a bug or a feature when some plots are to be left blank, and one wants to advance to the next figure. With your solution, I won't need to care g. Thanks. efg __ R-help@stat.math.ethz.ch mailing list https://stat.ethz.ch/mailman/listinfo/r-help PLEASE do read the posting guide! http://www.R-project.org/posting-guide.html
Re: [R] Logic regression equation in character form?
Perhaps I can ask a more focused question: Earl F. Glynn [EMAIL PROTECTED] wrote in message news:[EMAIL PROTECTED] I want to get some simple logic regression examples to work before exploring a hard problem. .. logicfit - logreg(resp=Y, bin=X, type = REGRESSION.TYPE-2, select = FIT.SINGLE.MODEL-1, ntrees=1, nleaves=2, # force shape of final tree anneal.control=Annealing) OK, I have a logic regression equation and just want it in a character form. For example, I can see this equation from the R command prompt: logicfit score 0.968 +2.14 * (((not X4) or ((not X13) and X19)) and (not X3)) -1.25 * not X1) or (not X3)) and ((not X2) or X20)) and (((not X17) and X16) or ((not X20) and (not X1 But I cannot figure out how to get this equation in character form: Why does this NOT work? typeof(logicfit) [1] list class(logicfit) [1] logreg x - paste(print(logicfit)) score 0.968 +2.14 * (((not X4) or ((not X13) and X19)) and (not X3)) -1.25 * not X1) or (not X3)) and ((not X2) or X20)) and (((not X17) and X16) or ((not X20) and (not X1 x character(0) cat(x, \n) [nothing] The print makes the following error go away but does not give me the string displayed on the R console: cat(logicfit) Error in cat(list(...), file, sep, fill, labels, append) : argument 1 not yet handled by cat This simpler analogy DOES work: x - paste( print(string) ) [1] string x [1] string cat(x, \n) string Any clues? Thanks for any help with this. efg __ R-help@stat.math.ethz.ch mailing list https://stat.ethz.ch/mailman/listinfo/r-help PLEASE do read the posting guide! http://www.R-project.org/posting-guide.html
[R] Problem saving logic regression result equation to disk file
I want to get some simple logic regression examples to work before exploring a hard problem. I can get results, but I'm having some problems using cat to save the logic regression equation to a disk file. Consider this: # Simple Logic Regression Example # efg, 23 Feb 2005 library(LogicReg) # Create simulated data with known logic equation: # noise logic matrix X - matrix(as.numeric(runif(160) 0.5), 20,8) colnames(X) - paste(X, 1:ncol(X), sep=) rownames(X) - paste(case, 1:nrow(X), sep=) # Define expected result: Y = (NOT X2) AND X6 Y - as.numeric(!X[,2] X[,6]) # set seed for reproducible test set.seed(19937) # 100 interations too few: some results in single node with |Parameter| 1 Annealing - logreg.anneal.control(start = -1, end = -4, iter = 500, update = 50) logicfit - logreg(resp=Y, bin=X, type = REGRESSION.TYPE-2, select = FIT.SINGLE.MODEL-1, ntrees=1, nleaves=2, # force shape of final tree anneal.control=Annealing) # I don't always want to see the plot plot(logicfit) # I'd like to write my regression equation to a file and # then run many times to test my parameter selection # with a known case before exploring unknown cases logicfit # In this case I want either of these equivalent answers # (equivalent via DeMorgan's Theorem), and no others, # such as single node results. I want to run this say 100s (later 1000s) of times and look at the variation in the results. I want to figure out what parameters I should use so I only see these results: score 0 +1 * (X6 and (not X2)) -1 * ((not X6) or X2) # I can't use cat to write this model to a file: cat(logicfit) Error in cat(list(...), file, sep, fill, labels, append) : argument 1 not yet handled by cat summary(logicfit) Length Class Mode nsample 1-none- numeric nbinary 1-none- numeric nseparate1-none- numeric type 1-none- character select 1-none- character anneal.control 5-none- list tree.control 4-none- list seed 1-none- numeric choice 1-none- numeric nleaves 1-none- numeric ntrees 1-none- numeric penalty 1-none- numeric response20-none- numeric binary 160-none- numeric separate 1-none- numeric censor 20-none- numeric weight 20-none- numeric model5logregmodel list call 8-none- call # Just the logicfit$model would be good enough but I can't cat that either: logicfit$model +1 * (X6 and (not X2)) cat(logicfit$model) Error in cat(list(...), file, sep, fill, labels, append) : argument 1 not yet handled by cat Using sink to get this result seems to be a huge kludge: sink(saveresults.txt) logicfit$model sink() results - readLines(saveresults.txt) results [1] +1 * (X6 and (not X2)) # FINALLY something I could write this result to a file:. cat(results, \n) +1 * (X6 and (not X2)) What is a simple way to get my logic regression equation as a string that I can cat without dealing with the internal data structures that are present here? Thanks for any help with this. efg -- Earl F. Glynn Scientific Programmer Bioinformatics Department Stowers Institute for Medical Research __ R-help@stat.math.ethz.ch mailing list https://stat.ethz.ch/mailman/listinfo/r-help PLEASE do read the posting guide! http://www.R-project.org/posting-guide.html
[R] Windows BMPs: Why grey background? How to display BMP in R?
white is supposed to be the default background for BMPs (according to ?bmp) but it doesn't work bmp(test.bmp, bg=white) plot(0) dev.off() # results in grey background # This seems to be a good enough workaround for now. bmp(test.bmp) par(bg=white) plot(0) dev.off() # background is white Should bmps have been fixed when jpegs with a similar grey background were fixed for Windows? http://tolstoy.newcastle.edu.au/R/devel/04/10/0914.html jpeg(test.jpeg, bg=orangered) plot(1:10, 1:10, col=green) dev.off() There was a Windows-specific bug, for which I've just committed a fix How can I display a bmp directly in R? When plotting 100,000+ points (common with flow cytometry data) [or even the 10,000s of points with microarray data] the Windows metafile is not the way to go (nor is postscript) because the files are too large and repainting them takes too long. Does R provide a way to plot to a bmp and then display that graphic immediately? It's a pain to leave R just to view the graphics. JPGs work fine for real world images, but not that well for drawings. BMPs look like the only alternative when plotting a huge number of points so the file size is reasonable. (GIFs with drawings would be even better than BMPs. I guess I could try PNGs.) With the GIF/LZW patent issue now in the past, why not have a GIF driver and even support creation/display of some simple animated GIFs in R? Earl F. Glynn Scientific Programmer Stowers Institute for Medical Research __ R-help@stat.math.ethz.ch mailing list https://stat.ethz.ch/mailman/listinfo/r-help PLEASE do read the posting guide! http://www.R-project.org/posting-guide.html
Re: [R] Windows BMPs: Why grey background? How to display BMP in R?
Duncan Murdoch [EMAIL PROTECTED] wrote in message news:[EMAIL PROTECTED] On Tue, 8 Feb 2005 11:35:22 -0600, Earl F. Glynn [EMAIL PROTECTED] wrote : In what version of R? I just tried in 2.01 and R-patched, and it was fine. Maybe the problem is your viewer? Sorry. I thought I was using R 2.0.1 but I used a shortcut on my desktop that started the older R 2.0.0 -- so I just rediscovered the problem that you've already fixed. With the correct shortcut to R 2.0.1, I am seeing a white bmp background. Sorry to have bothered you with this. I don't see much information about the bmp driver (from ?bmp). I noticed the BMPs that are created have only 8-bit color depth, which means the palette must be stored with the image. But what is the palette R uses with BMPs? I always use true color (24-bit) bmps in Windows instead of 8-bit bmps to avoid palette issues on older 256 color displays. Microsoft recommended only using 240 of the 256 palette entries, since 16 were reserved for system colors for older 256 color display monitors (which are no longer common) and the Windows palette manager. I guess R's bmps only have 240 colors that will work on all PCs. So are bmps created under R restricted to a single, fixed 256 color palette? (I don't see any color palette parameter to the bmp device.) Is there any way to create an R bmp that is hicolor (15 or 16-bit color) or true color (24-bit color) to avoid the palette issues of 8-bit bmps? Thanks for any info about this. efg __ R-help@stat.math.ethz.ch mailing list https://stat.ethz.ch/mailman/listinfo/r-help PLEASE do read the posting guide! http://www.R-project.org/posting-guide.html
Re: [R] how to call R in delphi?
Dieter Menne [EMAIL PROTECTED] wrote in message news:[EMAIL PROTECTED] To call R from Delphi, you may try http://www.menne-biomed.de/download/RDComDelphi.zip. I downloaded this file and tried to compile the RDCom project using Delphi 5 and Delphi 7 but I get this message from both compilers: [Fatal Error] STATCONNECTORCLNTLib_TLB.pas(406): Could not create output file 'c:\program files\borland\delphi7\Twain\d5\dcu\STATCONNECTORCLNTLib_TLB.dcu' The \db\dcu in the path in this error message was a bit curious so I looked at Project | Options | Directories/Conditionals Unit output directory: $(DELPHI)\Twain\d5\dcu Search path: $(DELPHI)\Compon;C:\D2Pr\CascCont\COMPON;$(DELPHI)\Source\Toolsapi On my vanilla Delphi 5 and Delphi 7 installations all of the directories for the Unit output directory and Search path are invalid for the RDCom.dpr project. If I delete the Unit output directory, I then get 17 compilation errors, all like this: [Error] RCom.pas(115): Undeclared identifier: 'VarType' [Error] RCom.pas(141): Undeclared identifier: 'VarArrayDimCount' [Error] RCom.pas(123): Undeclared identifier: 'VarArrayHighBound' . . . All of the above seems to happen whether or not I install STATCONNECTORCLNTLib_TLB.pas and STATCONNECTORSRVLib_TLP.pas as components (i.e., Component | Install Component | browse to .pas file | Open | OK | Compile). Am I supposed to do this at some point? Can you give me any clues how to make this work? Something seems to be missing. Example program showing use of R from Delphi. Connecting to R via COM using Neuwirth's StatConnectorSrvLib Uses RCom.pas, which is a simple Delphi wrapper for passing commands, integer and double arrays. See http://cran.r-project.org/contrib/extra/dcom By: [EMAIL PROTECTED] I'm not sure I understand this either. I went to http://cran.r-project.org/contrib/extra/dcom I read this documentation: http://cran.r-project.org/contrib/extra/dcom/RSrv135.html I downloaded and installed the R(COM) server (and rebooted) http://cran.r-project.org/contrib/extra/dcom/RSrv135.exe So, how I can I call R from Delphi using R(COM)? Something seems to be missing. Duncan Murdoch's suggestion about direct calls to R.dll looks interesting, but a complete working example would be nice. Thanks for any help with this. efg Earl F. Glynn Scientific Programmer Stowers Institute for Medical Research __ R-help@stat.math.ethz.ch mailing list https://stat.ethz.ch/mailman/listinfo/r-help PLEASE do read the posting guide! http://www.R-project.org/posting-guide.html
Re: [R] increase thr range in R
IEEE floating point provides a double-extended type often called a long double. The exact size of a double-extended can vary but the minimum specified by the spec is 80 bits. A PC with the IEEE extended type gives an approximate range from 3.4E-4932 to 1.1E4932, which would give you the range you want. Other architectures, such as a Tru64 alpha, give an even larger extended. Reference: See the IEEE Standard in What Every Computer Scientist Should Know About Floating-Point Arithmetic http://docs.sun.com/source/806-3568/ncg_goldberg.html The note under R's ?numeric help says All real numbers are stored in double precision format, so R apparently does not yet support the extended type. str(.Machine) in R gives a sizeof.longdouble, but I don't know how to use such a longdouble in native R -- perhaps someone else could enlighten us. C or C++ (or other languges) would support the long double type and the computations you'd like to do. efg Earl F. Glynn Stowers Institute for Medical Research = Sebastian Kaiser [EMAIL PROTECTED] wrote in message news:[EMAIL PROTECTED] Hello Everybody in order to get some needed results out of my function i need to get my besselI function evaluated at some values which normally gave Inf or 0 (expon.scaled NAN) back. So I would like to increase the range in R from approxamittly 1e+320 to aabout 1e+500 or something like that. Is there any possibility or pacckage to do this easily? Thank You Sebastian Kaiser Institut for Statistics in Munich Germany __ [EMAIL PROTECTED] mailing list https://stat.ethz.ch/mailman/listinfo/r-help PLEASE do read the posting guide! http://www.R-project.org/posting-guide.html
Re: [R] lomb periodogram package
Does anyone know the name of the package that includes a function for computing the lomb periodogram on irregular spaced ts data? I saw the package once ~ 1 month ago but cannot find it now ... I have a LombScargleLibrary.R file that I will be talking about at CAMDA '04 in November: Searching for Periodic Microarray Expression Patterns Using Lomb-Scargle Periodograms http://research.stowers-institute.org/efg/2004/CAMDA/ I'll get the file online by the time of the conference on Nov 10: http://www.camda.duke.edu/camda04 I could E-mail you the preliminary version before then if you'd like. Just drop me an E-mail. efg Earl F. Glynn Scientific Programmer Bioinformatics Department Stowers Institute for Medical Research __ [EMAIL PROTECTED] mailing list https://stat.ethz.ch/mailman/listinfo/r-help PLEASE do read the posting guide! http://www.R-project.org/posting-guide.html
