On Mon, Jun 20, 2016 at 9:20 PM, John Sundman wrote:
I’ve been invited to give a talk at a synthetic biology symposium in
> Scotland next month.
>
> http://synbiobeta.com/advice-novelist-prepare-biodigital-era/
>
I was reminded of this thread when I came across the below article:
https://www.statnews.com/2016/05/13/harvard-meeting-synthetic-genome/
Top scientists hold closed meeting to discuss building a human genome from
scratch
By IKE SWETLITZ @ikeswetlitz
MAY 13, 2016
Over 130 scientists, lawyers, entrepreneurs, and government officials from
five continents gathered at Harvard this week for an “exploratory” meeting
to discuss the topic of creating genomes from scratch — including, but not
limited to, those of humans, said George Church, Harvard geneticist and
co-organizer of the meeting.
The meeting was closed to the press, which drew the ire of prominent
academics.
Synthesizing genomes involves building them from the ground up — chemically
combining molecules to create DNA. Similar work by Craig Venter in 2010
created what was hailed as the first synthetic cell, a bacterium with a
comparatively small genome.
The meeting was held Tuesday “to discuss the concept of an international
project focused on large genome synthesis as the next chapter in our
understanding of the blueprint of life,” according to a consensus statement
from the organizers provided by Church.
Nobel laureate David Baltimore of CalTech speaks to reporters at the
National Academy of Sciences international summit on the safety and ethics
of human gene editing, Tuesday, Dec. 1, 2015, in Washington. Alternating
the promise of cures for intractable diseases with anxiety about designer
babies and eugenics, hundreds of scientists and ethicists from around the
world began debating the boundaries of a revolutionary technology to edit
the human genetic code.
Global summit opens door to controversial gene-editing of human embryos
In recent months, Church has been vocal in saying that the much-hyped
genome-editing technology called CRISPR, which is only a few years old and
which he helped develop, would soon be obsolete. Instead of changing
existing genomes through CRISPR, Church has said, scientists could build
exactly the genomes they want from scratch, by stringing together
off-the-shelf DNA letters.
The topic is a heavy one, touching on fundamental philosophical questions
of meaning and being. If we can build a synthetic genome — and eventually,
a creature — from the ground up, then what does it mean to be human?
“This idea is an enormous step for the human species, and it shouldn’t be
discussed only behind closed doors,” said Laurie Zoloth, a professor of
religious studies, bioethics, and medical humanities at Northwestern
University.
In response, she co-authored an article with Drew Endy, a bioengineering
professor at Stanford University, calling for broader conversations around
the research.
Church said that the meeting was originally going to be “an open meeting
with lots of journalists engaged.” It was supposed to be accompanied by a
peer-reviewed article on the topic. But, he said, the journal (which Church
declined to identify) wanted the paper to include more information about
the ethical, social, and legal components of synthesizing genomes — things
that were discussed at the meeting.
So Church and the other organizers were in a bind — should they keep the
meeting open to the public and break the embargo, or close the meeting so
as not to break the embargo of the scientific journal.
“This is a major journal,” Church said. “So we can’t push them around.”
They chose to respect the embargo.
“I’m not sure that was the best idea,” Church said Thursday night.
Church said that when the article is published — “it could be any day now”
— a video of the entire meeting will be available to the public.
But a different narrative appeared during the week on social media. Endy
posted a tweet that included a screenshot appearing to be a message from
the meeting organizers. It said, in part, “We intentionally did not invite
the media, because we want everyone to speak freely and candidly without
concerns about being misquoted or misinterpreted as the discussions evolve.”
Endy could not be reached for comment Thursday night.
Biologist J. Craig Venter poses at his home in Alexandria, Va., July 1,
2005. Venter has formed a new company that will try to manufacture
organisms for industrial purposes by piecing together a genes, the building
blocks of life. The goal is to cobble together the genes of single-cell
life forms that can perform tasks such as cleaning up hazardous waste,
removing carbon dioxide spewed out by power plants or creating new drugs.
Geneticist Craig Venter helped sequence the human genome. Now he wants yours
Endy and Zoloth’s article claims that the meeting was convened to discuss
how “to synthesise a complete human genome in a cell line within a period
of 10 years.”
Church said that he